关节功能部位复合皮移植12例分析

目的：修复关节功能部位创面，包括切、削痂后创面、肉芽创面、外伤性软组织缺损、疤切除松解后创面，寻找一种较为理想的创面覆盖材料，从而达到恢复关节功能的目的。方法：应用桀亚真皮与自体刃厚皮复合移植。结果：深度烧伤切痂后创面5例，疤痕切除后创面5例，肉芽创面1例，外伤后软组织缺损创面1例，复合皮成活良好，皮肤色泽接近正常，关节功能满意。结论：复合皮移植是治疗关节功能部位创面较为理想的创面覆盖材料。     

异体脱细胞真皮联合自体皮复合移植在创面修复中的应用及远期疗效观察

目的寻找功能部位深度烧伤创面与瘢痕畸形修复的理想覆盖材料。方法将功能部位的深度烧伤、瘢痕切除后创面或溃疡创面行脱细胞异体真皮＋自体刃厚皮复合移植。结果30例患者复合皮全部成活,复合皮光滑柔软,局部弹性好,关节功能恢复良好。结论脱细胞异体真皮＋自体皮是功能部位创面修复的理想覆盖材料。     

组织工程化真皮在四肢关节部位瘢痕整形术中的应用

目的:探讨应用脱细胞异体真皮与自体表皮复合移植,修复四肢关节挛缩瘢痕切除后的创面的临床效果。方法:肘关节、腕关节、膝关节和距小腿(踝)关节挛缩瘢痕切除松解后,以脱细胞异体真皮与自体表皮构成复合皮,I期移植修复创面,创面最小7cm×11cm,最大12cm×19cm,其中肘关节部位例,距小腿(踝)6关节部位例,膝关节部位例,腕关节部位例。观察移植复合皮的753成活率及愈合皮片色泽、质地和关节功能改善情况。结果:临床应用21例,术后移植复合皮成活率93.7%,随访3个月～2年,移植皮片颜色与周围正常皮肤颜色接近,皮片柔软,瘢痕增生不明显,关节功能较术前显著改善。结论:组织工程化脱细胞异体真皮和自体表皮复合移植修复关节部位的切瘢后创面不失为一种较理想的材料,尤其对自体皮源有限的患者。     

组织工程化真皮在四肢关节部位瘢痕整形术中的应用

目的：探讨应用脱细胞异体真皮与自体表皮复合移植，修复四肢关节挛缩瘢痕切除后的创面的临床效果。方法：肘关节、腕关节、膝关节和距小腿(踝)关节挛缩瘢痕切除松解后。以脱细胞异体真皮与自体表皮构成复合皮，Ⅰ期移植修复创面，创面最小7cm&;#215;11cm，最大12cm&;#215;19cm，其中肘关节部位6例，距小腿(踝)关节部位7例，膝关节部位5例，腕关节部位3例。观察移植复合皮的成活率及愈合皮片色泽、质地和关节功能改善情况。结果：临床应用21例，术后移植复合皮成活率93．7％，随访3个月～2年，移植皮片颜色与周围正常皮肤颜色接近，皮片柔软，瘢痕增生不明显，关节功能较术前显著改善。结论：组织工程化脱细胞异体真皮和自体表皮复合移植修复关节部位的切瘢后创面不失为一种较理想的材料，尤其对自体皮源有限的患者。     

交联型猪脱细胞真皮基质与自体微粒皮复合移植的临床应用

目的:观察交联型异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质与自体微粒皮复合移植修复大面积深度烧伤早期切痂创面的疗效。方法:选择2001-09/2006-10在珠海市人民医院暨南大学医学院第三附属医院整形烧伤科就诊的中面积和大面积深度烧伤患者16例共48个观测创面,患者均知情同意。患者于伤后3～5d休克期平稳渡过后行肢体创面切痂术,自体微粒皮移植组观测24个创面,均位于复合皮移植组创面的邻近或对侧肢体相同部位。①复合皮移植组:切痂创面用交联型异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质(由江苏启东医疗用品研究所提供) 自体微粒皮复合移植 异体皮覆盖。②自体微粒皮移植组:切痂创面用自体微粒皮移植 异体皮覆盖。术后6周异体皮脱落,两组散在肉芽创面行小邮票状皮片补充移植修复创面。术后定期观察创面愈合情况,计算创面愈合率及收缩率,并行创面组织学检测。结果:两组48个创面均进入结果分析,无脱落。①两组异体皮成活情况相近。②术后6周,复合皮移植组患者的创面愈合率均显著低于自体微粒皮移植组(P<0.05);经补充植皮后即术后8周两组创面愈合率差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。③移植术后6,8,12周,复合皮移植组患者的移植创面收缩率均显著低于自体微粒皮移植组[(10.28±2.36)%,(16.25±3.78)%;(15.68±1.79)%,(30.42±3.65)%;(22.07±1.39)%,(42.83±2.74)%(P<0.05)]。④术后8周组织学观察结果显示,复合皮移植组创面愈合处上皮化良好,胶原纤维排列有序,基底膜结构完整;自体微粒皮移植组上皮层仍较薄,细胞分化不良,真皮内胶原排列较紊乱。结论:交联型异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质与自体微粒皮复合移植修复大面积深度烧伤早期切痂创面,能够抑制瘢痕增生,改善创面愈合质量,疗效满意。     

关节部位Ⅲ度烧伤削痂植皮与切痂植皮的效果比较

目的:Ⅲ度烧伤创面的处理临床上仍然以切痂植皮术治疗为主,由于切痂时切除了并未损伤的皮下脂肪组织,使其愈后外观变化明显。实验拟观察关节部位Ⅲ度烧伤削痂后于脂肪层移植大张自体中厚皮的疗效,并与切痂植皮进行比较。方法:①于2001-01/2007-06南昌大学第一附属医院烧伤科收治的关节Ⅲ度烧伤患者中抽取39例(45个关节)作为削痂组,同时抽取45例(共60个关节)作为切痂组。所有患者对治疗及实验方案均知情同意,且得到医院伦理道德委员会批准。②削痂组削痂植皮,保留正常皮下脂肪等组织。切痂组切痂植皮,切痂平面包括全层皮肤和皮下脂肪组织一并切除直至深筋膜层。削痂或切痂后植大张自体中厚皮。③创面修复后4￣6周观察两组患者的关节外观和关节活动功能;比较两组患者术后2周的植皮成活率和创面修复时间。结果:两组患者均进入结果分析。①两组患者烧伤关节创面修复后与对称的正常关节比较,削痂组外观变化不明显,周径缩小3.6%(P>0.05),功能好,关节活动度减少5.3%(P>0.05);切痂组外观变化明显,周径缩小23.4%(P<0.05),功能较差,关节活动度减少21.9%(P<0.05)。②两组患者术后2周植皮成活率和创面修复时间差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结论:脂肪层移植大张自体中厚皮于Ⅲ度烧伤削痂后关节部位,能够维护肢体的美观,保护关节功能,疗效优于切痂植皮。     

功能部位创面修复中脱细胞异体真皮与自体皮复合移植的作用

目的探讨脱细胞异体真皮与自体薄断层皮片复合移植用于修复功能部位肉芽创面的临床疗效。方法1999-03/2004-03广西医科大学第一附属医院烧伤整形康复中心收治功能部位肉芽创面患者48例,随机分成2组,治疗组与对照组各24例,治疗组采用J-1型脱细胞异体真皮与自体薄断层皮复合移植一次性完成创面修复共28个功能部位;对照组共30个功能部位仅移植自体薄断层皮片。结果两组皮片均成活良好;经随访观察6～24个月,治疗组脱细胞异体真皮无排异反应,植皮处光滑平整,色泽及弹性良好,瘢痕增生轻,关节运动角度正常;对照组表皮反复起水泡,瘢痕增生重,关节运动角度较正常小。结论复合皮移植一次性完成对功能部位肉芽创面的修复是一种理想的方法,皮片成活率高,远期瘢痕增生轻,关节活动功能无明显受限。     

功能部位创面修复中脱细胞异体真皮与自体皮复合移植的作用

目的探讨脱细胞异体真皮与自体薄断层皮片复合移植用于修复功能部位肉芽创面的临床疗效.方法 1999-03/2004-03广西医科大学第一附属医院烧伤整形康复中心收治功能部位肉芽创面患者48例,随机分成2组,治疗组与对照组各24例,治疗组采用J-1型脱细胞异体真皮与自体薄断层皮复合移植一次性完成创面修复共28个功能部位;对照组共30个功能部位仅移植自体薄断层皮片.结果两组皮片均成活良好;经随访观察6～24个月,治疗组脱细胞异体真皮无排异反应,植皮处光滑平整,色泽及弹性良好,瘢痕增生轻,关节运动角度正常;对照表皮反复起水泡,瘢痕增生重,关节运动角度较正常小.结论复合皮移植一次性完成对功能部位肉芽创面的修复是一种理想的方法,皮片成活率高,远期瘢痕增生轻,关节活动功能无明显受限.     

大面积Ⅲ度烧伤三种植皮方法的临床效果比较

【目的】探讨大面积Ⅲ度烧伤三种手术方法的效果和特点。【方法】1985年1月至2008年12月应用保痂肉芽创面植皮、切痂微粒皮植皮、削痂微粒皮植皮三种治疗方法,处理156例大面积Ⅲ度烧伤创面并对治疗结果进行分析。【结果】创面平均愈合时间：保痂肉芽创面植皮组（65．6±9．8）d,切痂微粒皮植皮组（53．8±9．2）d,削痂微粒皮植皮组（45．5±9．5）d。保痂组病程长,病人消耗大,并发症发生率高,死亡几率增大;切痂组手术损伤重,对病人烧伤后第二次打击大,愈后外形和功能差,丧失了皮肤附属器,对功能康复影响大;削痂组创面愈合快,并发症少,疤痕平坦、柔软。【结论】伤后及时清除坏死组织,对创面进行有效的覆盖,对加快创面愈合,减少创面侵袭性感染,减少脓毒症的发生,保护各脏器的功能,缩短病程,减少医疗费用非常重要。削痂微粒皮植皮治疗大面积Ⅲ度烧伤,可保留皮肤组织的部分功能,减少疤痕,愈后外形和功能良好。     

烧伤切痂微粒皮移植72例分析

目的：探讨对大面积深度烧伤切痂微粒皮肤移植异体皮覆盖方法的影响因素。方法：回顾性分析1989年1月－1999年12月共72例手术切痂微粒皮移植的临床资料。结果：微粒皮移植术后创面一次覆盖达90％以上者22例,13例术后创面愈合小于60％,需后期多次换药肉芽创面游离植皮术。50例存活,22例死亡者主要原因为创面胞毒症和多脏器衰竭。结论：影响微粒皮移植的因素除了年龄、烧伤面积和深度、早期是否合并吸入性损伤和烧伤休克外,手术切痂时机,异体皮的质量、微粒皮的密度和围手术期的处理是保证手术成功的关键因素。     

脱细胞异体真皮对功能部位深度烧伤创面愈合瘢痕增生的改善作用

BACKGROUND:Because there was no thick skin for skin grafting supplied by enough area of supplying skin of patients with extensive area burn only autograft skin particle,split thickness autologous skin graft or cultural autograft can be applied in repairing wound,which cannot resolve the problems of contracture and deformity caused by scar proliferation after healing of wounds and dysfunction of joint.Acellular allodermis matrix of J 1 type is a kind of tissue with lowest antigenicity and thought as an ideal substituted material for resolving difficult problem of scar proliferation and dysfunction.     

Microskin graft on contracture deformity of scar after extensive deep burn

Background:Contracture deformity of scar in late stage of extensive deep burn often neded repeated surgical platics and no fitful auto-skin of lacking were the common problems in clinic.Objective:To explore the effects of microskin graft on contracture deformity of scar after extensive deep burn.Unit:150th Hospital of PLA.Subjects:7 cases,23 locations of contracutre of scar were investigated including 3 males and 4 females,aged 14-46(mean:30)years old.Burn area was 76%-96% TBSA,with deep second degress over 65% and third degree over 90%. Operation regions:neck region,3 locatons,auxillary region,6 locations,elbow region,5 locations.wrist region,2 locations,popliteal fossa region,7 locations.Surgical opportunity:5 months-3 years after healing of wound surface.Source of heterogenous skin:Preserved with liquid nitrogen ,1 case:Fresh heterogenous skin,2 cases;From directly-related families,4 cases.Intervention:Adhesion was relaxed completely from contracture region to deep fascia at articular regions of limbs to achieve maximal degree of flexing and extending with no tension at edges of incision.If contracture of muscle and tendon affecting extending of joints was observed,muscle tendon might be pro longed.Exposing muscle tendon,nerve,vessels might be covered with peripheral tissues.Scars at neck,auxillary region must be removed or relaxed completely to restore function to normal or near to normal.Hemostasis must be complete.According to the ration of areas of providing and accepted skin,1 tp 6-8,intermediate thickness auto-skin was incised with rolling dermatome and clipped into 1 mm^2 of microskin that was sprinkled evenly on fitfully clipped heteropenous dermis.Heterogenous skin with mincroskin was grafted on wound surface,sutured,fixed and bandaged compressively with thick dressing.Neck,madnible,and auxillary region were bandaged with packaged and compressively and fixed with plaster support.After healing of graft wound surface,locak region must be compressed with elastic cover for 6-8 months and function exercises were taken to prevent hypertrophy of scar and second contracture.Resulty:Dressings were changed 7-8 days after operation,auto-skin was observed good,black blotch appeared in part of au toskin at about 3 weeks,fused into flat and sepaated.Auto-skin existed for a longer time and separated successively until wound surface was covereb by microskin in 16 locations,residual wound surface after heterogenous skin seperated in 7 locations healed after dressing was changed.After 1-3 years of follow-up,grafted skin was neat with mild scar,smooth surface and articular moving function and apperance were satisfying thwat was familiar to the effects of free lafge skin graft.Conclusiong:Microskin graft on deformity of joint and functional part was an effective method.     

瘢痕移除后瘢痕皮回植原位皮肤再生治疗增生性瘢痕

背景:已有的研究表明原位皮肤再生法可使深Ⅱ度以内烧伤创面和供皮区刨面生理愈合无瘢痕,可促进Ⅲ度烧伤创面坏死组织液化排除、移植皮生长、减少减轻瘢痕,在瘢痕移除创面使用原位皮肤再生法以达到明显减轻瘢痕症状、减少瘢痕的效果,未见相关报道.目的:观察搬痕移除原位皮肤再生法治疗增生性瘢痕的效果.方法:选择烧伤或刨伤后出现多处增生性瘢痕的患者32例,男25例,女7例;年龄16～52岁;瘢痕病程1～11年.每例选择2处瘢痕相似的部位,进行自身对照.实验组采用瘢痕移除、瘢痕皮回植后应用美宝湿润烧伤膏药纱覆盖的原位皮肤再生法治疗:对照组采用瘢痕移除、瘢痕皮回植后应用传统凡士林覆盖治疗.观察比较疗效,应用温哥华瘢痕评估量表评估瘢痕增生情况.结果与结论:两组回植的瘢痕皮均成活.实验组创而愈合速度和质量优于对照组(P<0.05):瘢痕移除后6个月,实验组温哥华瘢痕评估量表评估均优于对照组(户<0.05,P<0.01),瘢痕所致的疼痛、瘙痒等症状消失,皮片平整且颜色较回植前明显改善,与周围皮肤接近.结果提示对自体皮源不足、瘢痕面积大的增生性瘢痕患者或不愿增加新的供皮区创面患者,应用瘢痕移除瘢痕皮回植原位皮肤再生的方法治疗是一种较理想的方法.     

应用脐旁皮瓣修复会阴部烧伤瘢痕挛缩畸形临床效果观察

目的探讨应用脐旁皮瓣修复会阴部烧伤瘢痕畸形的临床效果。方法 2003年3月至2011年1月我院整形外科收治会阴部烧伤瘢痕畸形患者32例。术中完全松解及切除会阴部瘢痕组织,使尿道口、阴道口及肛门恢复到解剖位置。肛门严重狭窄者,需彻底切除肛门周围及肛管的瘢痕组织,完全解除狭窄,使肛门口充分开放,将形成的脐旁皮瓣行明道转移至会阴部。在皮瓣中间对应尿道外口及肛门位置切开形成尿道及肛门外口,肛门外口与直肠黏膜缝合,将皮瓣缝合于会阴创面。结果 32例患者中3例出现皮瓣远端发绀,经检查发现2例皮瓣下积血,1例因缝合张力过大引起。清除血肿及拆除部分缝线后皮瓣远端循环得到改善,皮瓣完全存活,经延迟拆除缝线后伤口愈合。1例出现皮瓣感染,导致远端部分坏死,后通过植皮进行创面修复。术后随访0.5～1年,术后皮肤质地、会阴外形功能及生殖器位置均良好;双髋活动度除2例因缺乏功能锻炼及皮瓣皮片后期挛缩恢复不理想外,其余双髋活动度良好。结论脐旁皮瓣不受会阴瘢痕限制,组织相似度好,血管恒定,抗感染能力强,是修复会阴部瘢痕畸形的理想皮瓣。     

Meek微型皮片移植修复大面积深度烧伤

背景：Meek植皮法是近5年来引进并陆续在国内多家医院采用的一项创面修复的新技术。目的：观察Meek微型皮片移植修复在大面积深度烧伤患者皮肤缺损的效果。方法：对16例大面积深度烧伤创面患者,采用早期切（削）痂后及晚期肉芽创面Meek植皮法植皮,其中6例选取Ⅲ度烧伤面积30%左右患者同一个体行相同面积Meek微型皮片植皮法,和自体小邮票植皮作为对照。结果与结论：采用Meek微型皮片植皮法皮片成活率65%～95%,创面愈合时间21～65d。Meek微型皮片与自体邮票植皮相比缩短了手术时间,节省了皮源,创面愈合后瘢痕平整,挛缩率低,关节功能恢复良好。     

The application of acellular dermal matrix allograft in functional position of patients with post-barns plastic operation

AIM: To investigate the effect of allogeneic acellular dermal matrix(ADM) on cograft in joint functional positions of patients with post-burn plastic operation. METHODS: 9 patients vrith hypertrophic scar and joint dysfunction after severe burns were used After pre-treating with trypsin and TritonX-100, 13 reticulated ADM were overlapped with autogenous ultrathin split-thickness skin grafts (USTS), and were transplanted to the scar excision wounds in the joints of four limbs at the same time. The neighbouring autogenous thin split-thickness skin grafts(TSTS) were used as control RESULTS: The composite skin grafts as well as the controls were all survived The rejection and hypertrophic scars were not found during (1-5) years follow-up studies. The appearance, fiber and function of composite skin grafts were near to normal skins. CONCLUSION: The ADM could be used to joint functional positions of patients with post-burn hypertrophic scan and could produce satisfactory plastic results as dermal substitute.     

Unilateral cervical burn scar deformity elimination with contralateral cervicothoracic flap--a new approach

Unilateral postburn cervical deformity is a severe cosmetic and functional defect and a challenging reconstructive problem. Many flaps have been suggested; however, after surgery, operational scars, located along the anterior neck's middle line, and the flap's skin differ from cervical healthy skin. A small flap resembles a patch. A more effective and safer technique is neck resurfacing with cervicothoracic adipocutaneous flap which had been used by the author in 32 burned patients. The flap's peculiarities are as follows: axis blood circulation via superficial cervical artery perforator; exclusion of platysma (flap is thin and elastic); and undamaged donor site. The mobilized healthy neck's skin with thin fat layer and adipocutaneous layer of the chest wall are elevated as a whole large flap. After scar excision, the cervicothoracic flap is advanced on the wound with tension. As a result of flap tension, the skin of neck's back, thoracic wall, and axilla are displaced to the anterior neck surface covering the donor wound. On an average, 6 cm of the deformed neck anterior surface was restored. No flap loss but only local superficial scar necrosis along the flap's border occurred. The cervical contracture and scar deformity (25 patients) were eliminated in all cases by a single procedure. For complete neck skin restoration, seven patients underwent staged reconstruction using the same technique. Excellent functional and good cosmetic follow-up results were achieved. The proposed technique is easy to plan and perform and yields good results; therefore, the author believes that the contralateral cervicothoracic flap's use is an exclusive option for unilateral cervical contracture and deformity elimination in adults and pediatric patients.     

无细胞异体真皮基质在烧伤后整形患者功能部位的应用

AIM:To investigate the effect of allogeneic acellular dermal matrix(ADM) on cograft in joint functional positions of patients with post burn plastic operation. METHODS:9 patients with hypertrophic scar and joint dysfunction after severe burns were used. After pre treating with trypsin and TritonX 100, 13 reticulated ADM were overlapped with autogenous ultrathin split thickness skin grafts(USTS), and were transplanted to the scar excision wounds in the joints of four limbs at the same time. The neighbouring autogenous thin split thickness skin grafts(TSTS) were used as control.RESULTS:The composite skin grafts as well as the controls were all survived. The rejection and hypertrophic scars were not found during (1- 5) years follow up studies. The appearance, fiber and function of composite skin grafts were near to normal skins. CONCLUSION:The ADM could be used to joint functional positions of patients with post burn hypertrophic scars and could produce satisfactory plastic results as dermal substitute.     

应用负压封闭引流技术治疗四肢大面积皮肤撕脱伤的探析

目的探讨应用负压封闭引流技术（Vacaumsealingdrainage,VSD）治疗四肢大面积皮肤撕脱伤的临床效果。方法2009．01—2011-06苏州大学附属第一医院应用负压封闭引流技术治疗四肢大面积皮肤撕脱伤患者16例,采用保留有血运的撕脱皮瓣,切除无血运部分及挫伤较严重的撕脱皮肤,将其用鼓式取皮机切取成中厚皮片,在皮片上打孔后覆盖于创面,然后用VSD材料（商品名维斯第）覆盖在皮片上,持续负压吸引（维持负压在-300--450mmHg之间）,5～7d后,拆除VSD材料,观察皮片成活情况,加压包扎7d后拆线。结果16例患者中10例皮片全部存活,创面全部愈合,6例皮片大部分成活,伴有局限性皮片坏死,较散在,经换药后创面全部愈合。术后随访3～6个月,皮片成活,周边有轻度瘢痕增生,功能恢复满意。结论应用负压封闭引流技术治疗四肢大面积皮肤撕脱伤是一种简便、有效的修复四肢大面积皮肤撕脱伤的治疗方法,值得临床推广应用。