BiPAP治疗急性心源性肺水肿的临床观察

目的观察无创鼻/面罩BiPAP正压通气治疗急性心源性肺水肿的临床疗效。方法将78例急性心源性肺水肿患者随机分为治疗组40例,对照组38例,均常规抗心力衰竭治疗,但治疗组同时予以鼻/面罩正压通气治疗,观察两组治疗前后血pH值、PaO2、SaO2、PaCO2,观察血压、心率、呼吸及临床症状,并进行临床分析,(同时与38例常规药物治疗组相对照)。结果BiPAP组所有患者临床症状明显改善,总有效率95%,心率、呼吸频率、与治疗前比较显著降低(P<0.05);PaO2、SaO2、与治疗前比较显著增高,对照组总有效率为73.68%。结论无创性BiPAP呼吸机正压通气治疗急性心源性肺水肿是有效的,值得临床推广。     

BiPAP治疗重症肺炎致急性呼吸衰竭疗效观察

目的评价无创双水平气道正压通气(BiPAP)对重症肺炎所致急性呼吸衰竭(ARF)的治疗效果。方法采用BiPAP呼吸机治疗重症肺炎所致急性呼吸衰竭(ARF)患者25例,观察治疗效果。结果治疗前后PaO2和PaO2/FiO2比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论用BiPAP正压通气治疗重症肺炎所致急性呼吸衰竭疗效肯定。     

无创双水平气道正压通气治疗心源性肺水肿所致的急性呼吸衰竭

目的观察无创双水平气道正压通气(B iPAP)对心源性肺水肿(CPE)所致的急性呼吸衰竭(ARF)的疗效,评估B iPAP在CPE治疗中的作用。方法采用B iPAP呼吸机经面罩气道正压通气治疗CPE所致ARF患者50例。结果CPE患者治疗前后PaO2和SaO2得到明显改善(P<0.01),且CPE治疗后临床症状和呼吸动力学得到明显改善。结论B iPAP对CPE所致ARF是一种有效、无创的治疗方法。     

无创机械通气治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病并呼吸衰竭79例临床分析

目的：探讨面罩双水平气道正压无创通气（BiPAP）治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）并急性呼吸衰竭的临床应用价值。方法：对COPD并Ⅱ型呼衰患者79例采用BiPAP呼吸机经口鼻面罩正压通气，记录通气治疗前及通气治疗后2h，24h的pH，PaO2，PaCO2，SaO2变化。结果：72例患者经无创通气后PaO2，SaO2均明显升高，PaCO2明显降低，pH明显改善，差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论：BiPAP呼吸机经口鼻面罩无创通气治疗COPD并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭，提高PaO2，SaO2，降低PaCO2，纠正pH，疗效满意，简单实用，值得推广。     

应用BiPAP无创机械通气治疗急性心源性肺水肿的疗效观察

目的 评价BiPAP无创机械通气治疗急性心源性肺水肿的疗效.方法 对我院收治的急性心源性肺水肿随机分为两组,治疗组25例急性心源性肺水肿患者在传统常规治疗同时加用BiPAP呼吸机经鼻(面)罩双水平气道正压通气治疗,时照组23例在传统常规治疗上加用鼻导管给氧治疗.结果 BiPAP组通气治疗后,23例患者临床症状明显改善,血气分析中pH、PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2等参数比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),总有效率为92.0%,避免了气管插管机械通气.对照组总有效率为73.9%.结论 BiPAP无创机械通气治疗急性心源性肺水肿能迅速纠正缺氧、改善心功能,可作为抢救急性心源性肺水肿的一种安全有效的方法.     

BiPAP呼吸机治疗急性呼吸衰竭的疗效观察

目的 :探讨 (鼻 )面罩双水平气道正压通气 (BiPAP)对急性呼吸衰竭的治疗作用。方法 :18例急性呼吸衰竭患者应用BiPAP呼吸辅助通气治疗 ,记录通气前及通气治疗 12h后呼吸空气条件下患者的血气分析结果。结果 :治疗前PaCO2 [(6 6± 15 )mmHg]、PaO2 [(45± 15 )mmHg],治疗后PaCO2 [(45± 10 )mmHg]、PaO2 [(80± 15 )mmHg],治疗前后比较有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。 结论 :应用BiPAP呼吸机辅助通气治疗急性呼吸衰竭 ,可提高PaO2 ,为呼吸衰竭的病因治疗赢得时间。     

COPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭应用无创正压通气呼吸机的护理

目的:探讨面罩无创双水平气道正压通气(BiPAP)用于治疗COPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的临床疗效及护理。方法:42例患者常规治疗外,均使用BiPAP呼吸机辅助通气,治疗前、后血气分析比较。结果:治疗后血气分析PaO2、SaO2较治疗前明显上升;患者症状不同程度改善。结论:BiPAP呼吸机对治疗COPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭临床疗效明显,值得进一步推广。     

BiPAP治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭疗效观察

目的:探讨无创通气治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的临床应用价值。方法:对38例COPD并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者采用BiPAP呼吸机经口鼻面罩正压通气,观察治疗前后血气分析之PH、PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、HR指标变化。结果:通气后PaO2明显升高,PaCO2明显降低,PH明显改善,差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:BiPAP呼吸机经口鼻面罩无创正压通气治疗COPD并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭疗效满意,无明显并发症,值得临床推广应用。     

无创双水平气道正压通气治疗不同病因致急性呼吸衰竭的疗效观察

目的研究无创双水平正压通气(BiPAP)对慢性阻塞性肺病、急性心源性肺水肿和重症社区获得性肺炎所致呼吸衰竭的治疗效果。方法48例急性呼吸衰竭患者分为慢性阻塞性肺病组(30例)、心源性肺水肿组(7例)和重症肺炎组(11例),均应用BiPAP进行治疗,观察三组的治疗效果。结果三组患者应用BiPAP治疗后早期氧合均得到明显改善;心源性肺水肿组在BiPAP治疗时间方面均明显低于慢性阻塞性肺病组、重症肺炎组。结论无创正压通气在早期可以纠正慢性阻塞性肺病、心源性肺水肿和重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者的氧合,但最终的预后因呼吸衰竭的病因不同有较大区别。     

无创正压通气治疗COPO并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭30例体会

目的：探讨无创正压通气治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的疗效。方法：对30例慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭采用BiPAP呼吸机经口鼻面罩正压通气。观察：治疗前后血气分析的pH、PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、指标变化。结果：无创正压通气后PaO2、SaO2均明显升高,PaCO2明显降低,pH明显改善,差异均有显著性（P〈0.01）。结论：BiPAP呼吸机经口鼻面罩无创正压通气治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭疗效满意,无并发症,值得临床推广应用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.