尿毒症血透患者血铝及透析用水铝含量观察

应用无焰原子吸收光谱法检测了46例尿毒症患者血清铝含量,非透析组为33.8±17.7μg/L,血透组为48.5±16.3μg/L,与对照组(17.1±3.98μg/L)比较,均有显著升高(P<0.01)。血清铝含量与血肌酐及透析时间之间未见有显著相关。西安地区自来水铝含量低于上海地区。     

pcDNA3.1甲状旁腺激素基因治疗甲状旁腺功能低下症的实验观察

目的　研究pcDNA3 1·PTH治疗甲状旁腺功能低下的治疗效果及最佳剂量。方法　手术切除家兔甲状旁腺 ,建立甲状旁腺功能低下症模型。将已构建的人甲状旁腺激素基因pcDNA3 1·PTH以 50 μg/kg、1 50 μg/kg、2 50 μg/kg剂量注射模型家兔的骨骼肌内 ,测定注射后不同时间的血钙及血PTH。结果　注射pcDNA3 1·PTH后 2 4h模型家兔的血钙及PTH升高 ,肌注 1 50 μg/kg组的模型兔 ,血钙和PTH值在 7d时达正常水平 ,各为 :2 83± 0 0 2 (mmol/L)、1 1 30 3± 0 0 2 5(pg/ml)。肌注 2 50 μg/kg组的模型兔 ,血钙和PTH值在 7d时达正常水平 ,各为 :2 81± 0 0 7(mmol/L)、1 2 0 0 1± 0 0 0 8(pg/ml)。并均持续 2个月时间。结论　人甲状旁腺激素基因治疗甲状旁腺功能低下是有效的 ,且以 1 50 μg /kg和 2 50 μg/kg为最佳剂量     

哮喘儿童嗜酸细胞阳离子蛋白含量变化与其肺功能的关系

采用 Pharmacia Uni CAP系统检测 2 5例哮喘患儿急性发作期及 17例治疗后血及诱导痰嗜酸细胞阳离子蛋白 ( ECP)的含量 ,计数静脉血嗜酸粒细胞 ( Eos) ,测定肺通气功能 FEV1 。结果 :急性发作期哮喘血 Eos( 0 .2 75± 0 .2 63)× 10 9/L 较正常升高 ( 0 .0 68± 0 .0 2 8)× 10 9/L,P<0 .0 1;血 ECP浓度 ( 16.0 9± 13.68μg/L)高于正常对照和治疗后 ( 3.78±1.77μg/L;4.2 4± 2 .5 6μg/L) ,P<0 .0 1。发作期痰液 ECP浓度 ( 78.68± 5 3.95 μg/L)明显高于治疗后 ( 2 2 .5 4± 15 .83μg /L) ,P<0 .0 1。哮喘患儿血 Eos计数与血 ECP浓度存在显著正相关 r=0 .5 716,P<0 .0 1;与痰 ECP浓度无相关 r=0 .2 792 ,P>0 .0 5。血、痰 ECP含量与FEV1 呈显著负相关 r=-0 .430 9、-0 .40 5 0 ,P均 <0 .0 5。提示 ECP在哮喘气道炎症机理中起作用 ,是临床评价哮喘活动的指标之一     

重组人生长激素治疗肝炎肝硬化伴低蛋白血症20例分析

目的　观察重组人生长激素 (γ -hGH)治疗肝炎肝硬化伴低蛋白血症的疗效。方法　肝炎肝硬化 (乙型 )伴低蛋白血症患者 2 0例 ,以γ -hGH 4IU皮下注射 ,10天为一疗程。观察治疗前后相关指标的变化。结果　血清白蛋白治疗前为 2 9.0 6± 3 .0 3g/L ,治疗后为 3 4.61± 3 .65g/L(P <0 .0 1) ,治疗结束后 10天为 3 4.5 0± 2 .3 3g/L(P <0 .0 1) ;血清前白蛋白治疗前为 2 98± 3 8mg/L ,治疗后为 3 5 9± 85mg/L(P <0 .0 5 ) ,治疗结束后 10天为 3 2 3± 74ml/L(P>0 .0 5 )。结论　γ -hGH能提高肝炎肝硬化 (乙型 )伴低蛋白血症患者的血清白蛋白水平。     

血清C-肽与单核细胞趋化蛋白-1关系的探讨

目的探讨 2型糖尿病 (DM)患者空腹血清G肽水平与空腹血清单核细胞趋化蛋白 1(MCP 1)水平的关系。方法 76例2型糖尿病患者分别按C 肽 , μg/L、>1μg/L且 3μg/L和 3μg/L ,或胰岛素水平 : 10mUL/L、>10mU/L且 15mU/L和 15mU/L分别分三组 ,用放射免疫法测空腹血清C 肽和胰岛素水平 ,用ELISA法测MCP 1和糖化血红蛋白 (GHb)及葡萄糖(FBG)浓度 ,并分别进行比较。结果C 肽水平渐高的三组空腹血清MCP 1水平逐步降低 ,分别为 :784 .5 1± 170 .76pg/ml、5 35 .19± 113.84pe/ml和 372 .85± 14 8.18pg/ml(P <0 .0 5 )。胰岛素水平逐步升高的各组间空腹血清MCP 1水平无差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 2型DM患者空腹血塘MCP 1水平随空腹血清C 肽水平的升高逐步降低。     

不同透析膜对血透患者血清炎症因子的影响

目的　了解不同透析膜对血透患者外周血中炎症反应的标示物C 反应蛋白 (CRP)及细胞因子白细胞介素6(IL 6)水平的影响。方法　选择维持性血透患者 5 9例。使用醋酸纤维透析膜 2 1例 ,低通量聚砜膜 (F6) 17例 ,高通量聚砜膜 (F60 ) 2 1例。在透析器首次使用 4h后采集血样。CRP用速率散射比浊法检测 ,IL 6使用双抗体夹心ELISA法检测。结果　血透患者CRP水平显著高于对照组 (0 .3 8± 0 .5 5vs 0 .11± 0 .18mg/dl,P <0 .0 1) ,IL 6水平显著高于对照组 (67.74± 46.69vs 3 4.60± 2 2 .82pg/ml ,P <0 .0 0 1)。使用F6聚砜膜的血透患者CRP水平较使用醋酸纤维膜的低 (0 .2 4± 0 .3 0vs0 .68± 0 .78mg/dl ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,IL 6水平亦较使用醋酸纤维膜的低 (5 1.45± 2 0 .97vs 97.3 8± 5 7.81pg/ml ,P <0 .0 5 )。使用F60聚砜膜的血透患者CRP水平显著低于使用醋酸纤维膜的 (0 .2 3± 0 .3 0vs 0 .68± 0 .78mg/dl ,P <0 .0 1) ,IL 6水平亦较使用醋酸纤维膜的显著低 (5 1.87± 3 7.60vs 97.3 8± 5 7.81pg/mlP <0 .0 1)。使用不同通量聚砜膜患者的CRP、IL 6水平无差异 (P >0 .5 )。结论　血透患者的炎症因子受不同透析膜所影响 ,合成膜生物相容性较好     

哮喘患者抗炎治疗与IL-8、IL-10在外周血单个核细胞表达的关系

目的:观察哮喘病人IL-8和IL-10水平的变化,探讨判断哮喘气道炎症及治疗效果的指标。方法: 选择41例哮喘病人和29名健康对照者,通过竞争性PCR检测其外周血单个核细胞IL-8 mRNA和IL-10 mRNA 的表达量。其中17例哮喘病人在抗炎治疗后也进行了上述检测。结果:哮喘组IL-8 mRNA表达量[(23．0± 5．9)pg/μg总RNA]明显高于健康对照组[(1．9±0．6)pg/μg总RNA,P<0．05]。健康对照组均有IL-10 mR- NA表达[(5．5±1．2)pg／μg总RNA];哮喘组在治疗前多数无IL-10 mRNA表达。17例哮喘病人治疗后IL-8 mRNA表达量[(7．0±1．6)pg/μg总RNA]比治疗前[(39．9±12．6)pg/μg总RNA]明显降低(P<0．05),激发试验阴性者均有IL-10 mRNA表达[(0．8±0．3)pg／μg总RNA],激发试验阳性者仅3例有IL-10 mRNA表达 [(0．2±0．6)pg／μg总RNA]。结论:动态观察IL-8水平变化,对哮喘病情判断有一定价值;而IL-10表达水平在某种程度上反映了对抗炎治疗的反应。     

充血性心力衰竭患者血清GH/IGF-Ⅰ轴水平的变化

目的　研究充血性心力衰竭 (CHF)患者血清生长激素 (GH) /胰岛素样生长因子 - (IGF- )轴水平的变化 ,探讨血清 GH/ IGF- 轴水平与病因、心功能、左室射血分数 (L VEF)、X线心胸比率 (CTR)等指标的相互关系。　方法　 CHF患者 6 6例 ,按 NYHA心功能分级标准 级 2 3例 , 级 30例 , 级 1 3例。检测血 GH、IGF- ,以 lg(IGF- / GH)作为生长激素敏感性指标 ,超声心动图测 L VEF,胸部 X线计算 CTR。　结果　 GH在心功能 ～ 级组分别为 (0 .38± 0 .5 2 ) ,(0 .95± 1 .1 4 ) ,(1 .75± 1 .2 5 )μg/ L ,心功能 级组分别与 级组及 级组比较 ,差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 5 ,t'检验 ,下同 ) ,而 级组与 级组比较 ,差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 )。IGF- 在心功能 ～ 级组分别为 (1 97.97± 1 0 1 .89) ,(1 0 4 .1 9± 31 .81 )和 (5 2 .1 6± 2 3.6 9)μg/ L ,两两相比 ,差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 5 )。 lg(IGF- / GH)在心功能 ～ 级组中分别为 (3.1 3± 0 .6 8) ,(2 .38± 0 .70 ) ,(1 .5 5± 0 .5 3) ,两两相比 ,差异有显著性(P<0 .0 5 ) ,lg(IGF- / GH)分别与 L VEF及 CTR呈线性相关 (P<0 .0 5 )。不同病因 CHF患者血 GH、IGF- 、lg(IGF- / GH)水平比较 ,差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 )。　结论　 CHF患者随     

根据QT间期优化双腔心脏起搏器房室延迟的探讨

目的　观察双腔心脏起搏器 (DDD)不同房室延迟 (AVD)时心功能与体表心电图QT间期的变化 ,探讨根据体表心电图QT间期优化AVD的可行性。方法　 19例完全性房室传导阻滞植入DDD起搏器患者 ,男10例 ,女 9例 ,平均年龄为 (6 6 .79± 15 .5 2 )岁 ,采用彩色多普勒超声心动图测量不同AVD起搏时心排量 (CO)、左心室收缩末期内径 /舒张末期内径 (LVESd/LVEDd)、左室射血分数 (LVEF)等 ,同时单盲测量不同AVD起搏时 12导联心电图的QT间期。心房起搏频率预设为 75次 /min ,AVD自 90ms起以 30ms步长依次递增至 2 40ms。结果　随着AVD的递增 ,心功能和QT间期随之改善和延长 ,达峰值后又逐渐下降。超声心功能最佳时所对应的AVD与QT间期最大时所对应的AVD的差异无显著性 [分别为 (15 8.80± 13.6 4)ms和 (16 3.30± 30 .41)ms,P >0 .0 5 ];QT间期最大时所对应的心功能各参数与最佳超声心功能各参数相似 [CO分别为(6 .2 9± 1.75 )L/min和 (6 .5 0± 1.5 4)L/min ;LVEF分别为 (6 5 .89± 10 .80 ) %和 (6 7.0 4± 11.19) %;P值均 >0 .0 5 ];QT间期值与CO呈显著正相关性 (r =0 .70 ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论　QT间期随不同AVD时的心功能变化而变化 ,通过测量体表心电图QT间期可进行AVD优化。     

非诺贝特治疗高甘油三脂血症、高尿酸血症临床观察

目的观察非诺贝特对2型糖尿病并发高甘油三脂血症、高尿酸血症或高尿酸血症合并高甘油三脂血症患者的疗效及药物不良反应。方法选择2型糖尿病并发高甘油三脂血症、高尿酸血症或高尿酸血症合并高甘油三脂血症患者32例,给予口服非诺贝特0.2 g/次、3次/日治疗,采用治疗前后自身对照法,一疗程(12周)结束后进行用药前后血甘油三脂、血尿酸的疗效评价。结果3 2例患者服用非诺贝特治疗后,血清甘油三脂(TGL)由3.8 5±0.6 4 mmol/L降至1.5 7±0.5 3 mmol/L;血尿酸(UA)由518±34μmol/L降至315±21μmol/L,治疗前后对比有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论非诺贝特对于2型糖尿病并发高甘油三脂血症、高尿酸血症或高尿酸血症合并高甘油三脂血症的治疗是有效和安全的。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.