膝关节伸直位僵硬的手术治疗

对20例膝关节伸直位僵硬患者采用手术治疗，经术后1～2年以上随诊，疗效满意。手术中应彻底松解关节内和关节外的粘连，重点是游离股直肌，切除瘢痕化之股中间肌。术前应仔细地评价股四头肌的肌力。膝关节伸直位僵硬的病理改变是股中间肌、股直肌粘连与挛缩，髌两侧支持带的挛缩，髌股关节粘连，髌上囊的粘连，股胫关节粘连、强调手术后早期功能锻炼是恢复关节功能的关键。     

关节镜手术治疗肘关节伸直受限的临床研究

目的 探讨关节镜下手术治疗肘关节伸直受限的临床疗效.方法 2007年9月至2009年12月收治21例肘关节伸直受限患者,病程中均有慢性肘关节过伸落空损伤史,有过伸受限合并疼痛症状,平均伸直滞缺18.2°(10°～25°).全部采用五通道入路法行关节镜探查手术,术中清理前关节腔,必要时松解前方关节囊,清除肱骨滑车骨赘,行肱骨鹰嘴窝和尺骨鹰嘴成形术.术后常规抗感染、康复训练及预防骨化性肌炎治疗.随访时对比手术前、后的肘关节活动度,并采用Mayo评分表对肘关节功能进行评价,总结术后并发症.术前Mayo评分良13例,中5例,差3例.结果 21例患者术后随访6～29个月(平均19.7个月).21例患者肘关节功能恢复良好,过伸度均得到改善,疼痛症状消失.平均伸直滞缺2.4°(0°～5°).术后Mayo评分优17例,良4例,中0例,差0例.未见神经并发症.结论 肘关节镜下手术具有创伤小、出血少、并发症少的特点,配合合理的康复训练,能有效改善肘关节的功能,是治疗肘关节伸直受限的有效术式.     

屈肘旋前位整复肱骨髁上伸直型骨折

本院从1998年8月-2003年9月，采用屈肘旋前位整复肱骨髁上伸直型骨折184例，效果良好，现报道如下。     

Judet股四头肌成形术治疗膝关节伸直位僵硬24例

膝关节伸直位僵硬是严重股骨骨折的内固定术后常见一种并发症,易导致膝关节屈曲功能障碍。自2005年3月~2010年3月,笔者采用Judet股四头肌成形术治疗膝关节伸直位僵硬24例,取得满意疗效。     

桡骨下端伸直型骨折的治疗

桡骨下端伸直型骨折为骨科门诊常见病，大都发生于老年人，若治疗不当．常会导致不同程度功能障碍，影响正常劳动生活。我科根据其特殊解剖特点，自拟加大成角回折法整复，经近千例随诊回访，效果良好，现报告如下。     

全膝关节置换治疗创伤与非创伤性伸直僵硬膝的疗效对比

目的 观察后稳定型(posterior stable, PS)假体全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty, TKA)治疗创伤性伸直僵硬膝与非创伤性伸直僵硬膝的临床早期疗效。方法 回顾性分析2017年8月至2021年8月进行TKA治疗的创伤与非创伤性伸直型僵硬膝共30例(32膝)患者资料。按病因分为A、B两组，A组创伤性伸直僵硬膝10例(10膝),其中男6例，女4例；平均年龄(65.0±4.3)岁。B组非创伤性伸直僵硬膝组20例(22膝),其中男8例，女12例；平均年龄(68.5±5.2)岁。观察两组手术前后膝关节活动度、疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale, VAS)、美国特种外科医院评分(the hospital special surgery, HSS)及并发症。结果 两组术前膝关节活动度、VAS、HSS评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。30例患者均获随访，平均随访时间(12.2±0.4)个月。末次随访时，膝关节活动度：A组(99.0±3.2)分，B组(112.8±10.2)分；VAS:A组(4.3±0.7)分，B组(...     

手法整复儿童伸直型肱骨髁上骨折

自1999年1月～1999年7月我们采用手法整复治疗儿童伸直型肱骨髁上骨折27例,疗效满意,现总结报告如下.     

膝关节伸直位僵硬的治疗与早期康复

目的:探讨关节镜下应用钬激光和改良股四头肌成型术治疗膝关节伸直位僵硬的优越性及其早期康复的方法和重要性。方法:应用关节镜下钬激光行关节内松解加改良股四头肌成型术治疗膝关节伸直位僵硬23例,常规股四头肌成型术治疗膝关节伸直位僵硬28例,通过1年以上的随诊来对二者的疗效进行比较。结果:2种不同的治疗方法产生明显不同的疗效(P<001)。关节镜下应用钬激光及改良股四头肌成型术治疗膝关节伸直位僵硬术后膝关节功能恢复佳,并发症少,病人痛苦小,早期康复快。结论:应用关节镜下钬激光行关节内松解加改良股四头肌成型术治疗膝关节伸直位僵硬所产生的疗效明显优于常规股四头肌成型组,同时为术后早期功能锻炼提供了可靠的保证。     

小指固有伸肌腱移位术后小指伸直障碍的防治

目的 探讨小指固有伸肌腱移位术后小指伸直障碍的应用解剖学依据及其防治方法。方法 针对小指伸肌腱行解剖学观察158例标本，并将伸向小指的指总伸肌腱束按生物力学分类为四型：即标准型、力线偏离度小型、力线偏离度大型及缺如型；针对术后小指伸直障碍，用腱间纤维联系切断术治疗3例，术中预防性治疗55例。结果 经1年以上随访，1989年8月－1996年间的54例病例中，3例术后发生小指伸直不全，经腱间纤维联系切断术后均治愈，此后，采用术中预防性治疗后未再发生小指伸直障碍。结论 小指固有伸肌腱移位术后小指伸直障碍与伸向小指的指总伸肌腱束的力线有关，按其类型分别采用腱间纤维联系切断术、腱短缩术及腱重建术，能够有效地防治小指伸直障碍的发生。     

膝顶法整复伸直型腰椎骨折脱位：附7例报告

腰椎骨折脱位多为屈曲型,伸直型极为少见,笔者近几年来收治7例伸直型腰椎骨折脱位患者,且都采取了膝顶法复位,取得了良好效果,特报告如下：一、临床资料：7例均为新鲜腰椎伸直型骨折脱位,男6例、女1例,年龄均在18到60岁之间,4例为从高坠下,仰面着地,腰背部被硬物所顶(如树叉、石块、墙头等),1例为仰面向上取重物时被砸,1例为拉架子车时被车上下落之重物所砸,1例被汽车从后方撞及腰部。7例中除2例脱位较轻无神经症状外,其余5例均有不同程度的神经压迫症状。     

杭州健康女性定量骨超声测定原发性骨质疏松

目的 评价杭州健康女性骨超声速度(SOS)值随增龄减少和骨质疏松患病率，建立杭州地区女性骨超声速度值参考数据库。方法 定量超声法测定1208例杭州地区健康女性桡骨远端(RAD)，第3指骨近节(PLX)，第V跖骨(MTR)和胫骨中段(TIB)的超声速度值。结果 RAD、PLX、MTR和TIBSOS峰值(Peak of SOS)均出现在40-45岁，TJB的SOS峰值出现在35—40岁，此后随年龄增长而下降。绝经后妇女在绝经后早期和晚期各有1个SOS快速减少期，前见于桡骨近端，平均年减少率为2．4％，后见于胫骨中段，平均年减少率为1．8％。各部位骨SOS累积减少率随年龄增长而增加，到85岁4部位累积减少为13％-18％。60岁以后骨质疏松性症(OP)检出率为45％-70％，OP检出率以桡骨远端最高，60-70岁平均为67％，第3指骨近端次之约50％，胫骨中段最低为36％；75岁以后分别为70％，65％和45％。结论 全身各部位骨超声速度值到达峰值的年龄不同，峰值也各有差异。绝经后妇女骨超声速度值随年龄增加减少较快，应予激素和补钙治疗，桡骨远端为本地区SOS检测和OP检出的敏感部位。     

Importance of echocardiography in prognosis of surgical outcomes in cholecystitis in elderly patients

The authors propose to use more often echocardiography (EchoCG) in examination of elderly (over 60 years) of age patients with cholecystitis that permits to increase surgical activity to 92.4%. Left ventricular ejection fraction is the most informative. When this fraction is lower than 45% surgery must be recommended on vital indications only. EchoCG was used in 155 patients with cholecystitis, 131 of them were operated. 2 (1.52%) patients died due to acute cardio-vascular insufficiency and pulmonary artery thromboembolism.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

目的 评价脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用.方法 健康雄性C3H/He小鼠40只,周龄8～10周,体重18～22 g,随机分为4组(n=10):假手术组(S组)、骨癌痛组(B组)、PBS组(P组)和米诺环素组(M组).S组跟骨骨髓腔内注射PBS 10 μl;余3组跟骨骨髓腔内注射含2×105个骨纤维肉瘤细胞的PBS 10 μl制备骨癌痛模型,于造模前即刻开始PBS组鞘内注射PBS 5μl,M组鞘内注射米诺环素(用PBS溶解为0.2 mmol/L)5μl,1次/d,连续11 d.于造模前1 d、造模后即刻、3、5、7、9、11 d时测定机械痛阈;于造模后3、7、9、11 d机械痛阈测定结束后测定冷痛阈.痛阈测定结束后处死小鼠,取脊髓组织,测定神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)和CD11b的表达水平.结果 与S组比较,B组和P组造模后3-11 d时、M组造模后3、5 d时机械痛阈升高,B组、P组和M组造模后7～11 d时冷痛阈升高,脊髓CD11b和GFAP表达上调(P<0.05).与B组比较,M组造模后3-11 d时机械痛阈降低,造模后7-11 d时冷痛阈降低,脊髓CD11b和GFAP表达下调(P<0.05).结论 脊髓胶质细胞(星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞)的激活参与了小鼠骨癌痛的形成.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.