地佐辛复合丙泊酚用于宫腔镜手术的效果

目的 观察地佐辛复合丙泊酚静脉麻醉用于宫腔镜手术的临床效果.方法 选择行宫腔镜手术患者60例,随机均分为地佐辛组(D组)和对照组(C组).记录患者入室后(T0)、麻醉诱导后2 min(T1)、扩宫颈时(T2)、手术结束时(T3)、苏醒时(T4)的MAP、HR、SpO2及RR;记录患者手术结束至睁眼、指令下握手时间间隔、丙泊酚用药量及呼吸抑制(SpO2＜93％或呼吸暂停＞15 s)、恶心呕吐等不良反应的发生率;记录患者术后宫缩痛的发生情况.结果 T1时D组MAP、SpO2显著高于C组(P＜0.05),HR、RR显著快于C组(P＜0.05).T2时D组HR显著快于C组(P＜0.05).T4时D组MAP显著低于C组(P＜0.05).D组睁眼时间和定向力恢复时间明显短于C组(P＜0.05),丙泊酚用量显著少于C组(P＜0.05),呼吸抑制发生率显著低于C组(P＜0.05).D组术后宫缩痛显著好于C组(P＜0.05).结论 地佐辛复合丙泊酚静脉麻醉较单用丙泊酚麻醉血流动力学更平稳,且可明显缩短患者苏醒时间及定向力恢复时间,减轻患者术后宫缩痛,提高患者的舒适度.     

无痛胃镜检查中应用丙泊酚联合地佐辛麻醉的效果观察

目的探讨无痛胃镜检查中应用丙泊酚联合地佐辛麻醉的效果。方法将98例在门诊接受无痛胃镜检查的患者分为2组,各49例。对照组在胃镜置入前单独使用丙泊酚麻醉,观察组则应用丙泊酚联合地佐辛麻醉。比较麻醉开始前(T0)、麻醉开始后插入胃镜前(T1)及插入胃镜检查过程中(T2)2组患者的MAP、HR、Sp O2及苏醒时间和丙泊酚用量。结果 2组患者T0时点MAP、HR、Sp O2无明显差异;与对照组相比较,观察组患者T1、T2时点的血流动力学稳定,丙泊酚用量少,苏醒时间短,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论丙泊酚联合地佐辛麻醉行无痛胃镜检查,比单纯应用丙泊酚麻醉患者的血流动力学平稳、丙泊酚用量小、检查结束后苏醒快,效果满意。     

地佐辛用于耳鼻喉科局麻手术的观察

目的:观察地佐辛超前用于耳鼻喉科局麻手术的有效性与安全性。方法:选择60例择期行鼻窦开放术的患者,随机双盲分为地佐辛组(D组)和对照组(C组)。两组均予1%利多卡因15ml行局部麻醉后开始手术,局麻前15minD组注入地佐辛0.05 mg/kg(生理盐水稀释至3ml),C组注入生理盐水3ml。记录两组患者术中开放鼻窦时(T1)、术毕填塞纱布时(T2)、术后30min(T3)、2h(T4)的MAP、HR、Sp02、VAS评分和Ramsay评分。记录术中及术后的呼吸抑制、恶心呕吐发生率。结果:D组各时点MAP、HR、VAS评分均低于C组(P<0.05或P<0.01);Ramsay评分高于C组(P<0.01);C组内术后(T3、T4)与术中(T1、T2)比较:MAP、HR均高于术中(P<0.05),VAS评分和Ramsay评分比较无差异;两组SpO2、恶心呕吐和呼吸抑制发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:地佐辛超前用于耳鼻喉科局麻手术可以明显缓解患者疼痛,效果确切,且无明显不良反应。     

地佐辛复合舒芬太尼用于剖宫产术后的镇痛效果观察

目的观察地佐辛复合舒芬太尼用于剖宫产术后的镇痛效果。方法将腰-硬膜外联合阻滞(ECSA)麻醉的72例足月单胎择期剖宫产的产妇随机分为2组,每组36例,术后均采用PCEA。S组镇痛泵药液为舒芬太尼2μg/kg+托烷司琼4 mg+0.9%氯化钠注射液。DS组为地佐辛0.3 mg/kg+舒芬太尼1μg/kg+左旋布比卡因3 mg/kg。2组药液均用生理盐水稀释至100 m L。观察并记录2组患者术后2 h、12 h、24 g、48 h的疼痛评分及术后镇痛期间恶心呕吐、呼吸抑制、尿储留等不良反应情况。结果 2组术后疼痛评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05),但DS组不良反应发生率明显低于S组(P0.05)。结论地佐辛复合舒芬太尼应用于剖宫产术后镇痛,效果良好,不良反应少。     

地佐辛复合丙泊酚在宫腔镜电切术中麻醉的应用研究

目的 探讨地佐辛复合丙泊酚在宫腔镜电切术中的临床麻醉效果。方法 对本院收治的80例宫腔镜电切术患者资料进行分析,根据不同麻醉方法将患者分为对照组和实验组。对照组采用单纯丙泊酚麻醉,实验组采用地佐辛复合丙泊酚麻醉,比较两组麻醉效果。结果 实验组术后收缩压为(113.2±8.7)mm Hg、舒张压为(64.3±9.7)mm Hg、HR指标为(63.8±6.6)次/分,显著低于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者术后Sp O2差异不显著(P>0.05);两组麻醉起效时间差异不显著(P>0.05);实验组丙泊酚总用量为(220.2±24.2)分钟、意识恢复时间为(4.9±0.4)分钟,显著少于对照组(P<0.05);实验组清醒后5分钟VAS评分为(1.9±1.1)分、10分钟VAS评分为(1.7±1.2)分、20分钟VAS评分为(1.7±1.2)分、30分钟VAS评分为(1.8±1.2)分,显著低于对照组(P<0.05);实验组麻醉后不良反应发生率为7.5%,显著低于对照组(不良反应发生率为17.5%)(P<0.05)。结论 宫腔镜电切手术患者中采用地佐辛复合丙泊酚麻醉效果理想,值得推广使用。     

地佐辛用于腹腔镜下胆囊切除手术术后镇痛的临床观察

目的：观察地佐辛用于腹腔镜下胆囊切除手术术后的镇痛效果。方法：ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级择期拟行腹腔镜胆囊切除手术的患者40例,随机均分为地佐辛组（D）和对照组（C）。观察病人清醒时间,拔管时间以及拔管时、拔管后30分钟、1小时、2小时和6小时各时间点的疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）,术后恶心呕吐情况,病人满意度。结果：D组拨管后1小时、2小时VAS评分均较C组低（P〈0．05）。病人满意度D组高于C组（P〈0．05）。结论：地佐辛用于腹腔镜胆囊切除手术,可缓解术后疼痛,提高病人满意度。     

地佐辛预防瑞芬太尼复合麻醉患者术后痛觉过敏的效果

目的：探讨地佐辛预防瑞芬太尼复合麻醉患者术后痛觉过敏的临床效果。方法收集2011年10月～2012年10月于我院行腹部手术ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级患者72例,随机分为观察组与对照组各36例。两组患者均给予静脉复合麻醉,手术中持续微泵泵入丙泊酚与瑞芬太尼,并间断注射维库澳铵维持麻醉,观察组于手术结束前给予地佐辛预防术后痛觉过敏,对照组不给予地佐辛。比较两组患者术后拔管时间、自主呼吸及意识恢复时间,并比较术后疼痛评分。结果观察组患者在自主呼吸恢复时间、意识恢复时间、拔除气管导管时间为（6.27±2.62）min、（8.34±2.43）min、（9.38±3.08）min与对照组（5.89±2.21）min、（8.16±2.10）min、（9.21±3.12）min相比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。观察组33例患者VRS评分为0分,对照组0例患者VRS评分为0分,两组比较差异具有统计学意义（t=11.53,P＜0.05）。结论地佐辛在预防瑞芬太尼复合麻醉患者术后痛觉过敏方面效果明显,可有效减轻患者疼痛感,利于术后恢复,值得临床推广。     

地佐辛复合丙泊酚在无痛人工流产术的应用

目的探讨地佐辛复合丙泊酚在无痛人工流产术中的麻醉效果和安全性。方法将门诊行人工流产术的200例患者随机分成地佐辛复合丙泊酚组(A组)和单用丙泊酚组(B组)两组,观察两组丙泊酚用量、手术结束至睁眼时间、定向力恢复时间、呼吸抑制(Sp O292%或呼吸暂停15s)及恶心、呕吐等不良反应的发生率,记录患者麻醉前5 min(T0)、睫毛反射消失时(T1),扩宫颈时(T2)、吸刮子宫内膜时(T3)、呼之能睁眼时(T4)平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、呼吸(RR)的变化;记录患者术后宫缩痛的发生情况。结果 A组丙泊酚用量明显低于B组。A组手术结束至睁眼时间、定向力恢复时间明显短于B组。A组呼吸抑制及恶心呕吐等不良反应的发生率显著低于B组;2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),A组患者术中血流动力学稳定。结论地佐辛复合丙泊酚静脉麻醉较单用丙泊酚麻醉血流动力学更平稳。可明显缩短患者苏醒时间及定向力恢复时间,减少术后不良反应发生率及宫缩痛,提高患者的安全性和舒适度。     

丙泊酚合并芬太尼、地佐辛麻醉在人工流产术中的应用比较

目的:丙泊酚伍以地佐辛的临床效果观察.方法:对要求无痛人流的90例早孕患者,分别用丙泊酚,及复合芬太尼和地佐辛三种方法,比较效果.结果:丙泊酚伍以地佐辛效果确切,不良反应少.结论:在人工流产术麻醉中,丙泊酚伍以地佐辛效果确切,术后下腹疼少,值得推广.     

丙泊酚联合地佐辛在无痛人工流产术麻醉中的应用效果

正人工流产术是妇科常见的短小手术之一,一般3~5 min即可完成操作。但术中牵拉子宫、扩张宫颈、吸宫及刮宫的刺激可引起子宫强烈收缩,引起迷走神经兴奋导致受术者心动过缓、心率不齐、血压下降,甚至出现大汗淋漓、呕吐、头晕、胸闷等症状,严重者可发生人工流产综合征[1]。2016-07—2017-01间,我科在100例人工流产术中,分别实施丙泊酚联合芬太尼及丙泊酚联合地佐辛麻醉,现对麻醉效果进行比较,报告如下。     

喉罩用于隆胸手术患者气道管理的效果

[摘要]目的观察喉罩通气全凭静脉麻醉用于隆胸术的临床效果。方法选择ASAI～Ⅱ级女性隆胸手术患者40例,年龄23—42岁;体重45—67kg;随机分为气管内插管组（A组,n=20）与喉罩组（B组,n=20）两组,A组静脉注射芬太尼0．2mg、丙泊酚2．0—2．5mg／kg、阿曲库铵0．15mg／kg诱导,插入气管导管;B组静脉注射芬太尼0．1mg、丙泊酚2．0～2．5mg／kg诱导,插入普通型喉罩,两组均接麻醉机行IPPV模式控制呼吸,两组均以微量泵持续泵入丙泊酚6～9tLg／（kg·min）,瑞芬太尼0．1—0．15μg/（kg·min）维持麻醉,A组间断静脉注射阿曲库铵,手术结束前10min停止用药,待受术者呼之能应,呼吸良好时拔除气管导管或喉罩。观察记录两组患者气管内插管和喉罩置入时间及置人情况、监测病人麻醉前（11D）、插管（插喉罩）后即刻（T1）、分离胸部肌肉时（他）、植入假体时（T3）、喉罩和气管导管拔除后即刻（T4）时的MAP、HR及SpO：的变化、通气状态以及操作时及术后的相关不良反应。结果A组1次成功完成气管内插管率与B组1次成功置入喉罩率无显著性差异（P〉0．05）;A组诱导时芬太尼用量显著多于B组（P〈0．05）;A组气管内插管后即刻（T1）以及拔管后即刻（rr4）的MAP及HR较诱导前显著升高（P〈0．05）,分离胸部肌肉时（T2）与植入假体时（T3）SBP、DBP、MAP和HR值均低于麻醉前,而B组T1、T2、T3时均较诱导前低（P〈0．05）;T4与诱导前相比无明显差异（P〉0．05）。A组插管时发生口腔粘膜出血及术后发生咽喉疼痛及呛咳的患者明显多于B组（P〈0．05）。结论与气管内插管全麻相比,喉罩通气全凭静脉麻醉施行隆胸手术,麻醉效果更满意、循环更稳定、并发症更少,术后恢复更舒适。     

Propofol and remifentanil for deep sedation in children undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a combination of propofol and remifentanil deep sedation in spontaneously breathing children less than 7 years of age undergoing upper and/or lower gastrointestinal endoscopy. METHODS: The effect of propofol and remifentanil sedation was prospectively studied in 42 unpremedicated children undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy. Anesthesia was induced with a combination of sevoflurane, nitrous oxide and oxygen. Anesthesia was maintained with an infusion of propofol (50-80 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1)) and remifentanil (0.1 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1)). Demographic data, heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation were recorded every 5 min for each child. In addition, recovery and discharge times were recorded. RESULTS: All 42 procedures were completed with no complications. The combination of propofol and remifentanil resulted in a decrease in heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate. There was no respiratory depression or oxygen desaturation in any child. A bolus of propofol (1 mg x kg(-1)) was necessary in one child for excessive movement. No patient experienced any side effects in the recovery period. CONCLUSION: The combination of propofol and remifentanil for sedation in children undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy can be considered safe, effective and acceptable.     

Augmentation Mammaplasty—Psychiatric and Psychosocial Characteristics and Outcome in a Group of Swedish Women

Thirty-eight women undergoing augmentation mammaplasty, consecutively operated on at the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Malmo, Sweden, were studied preoperatively regarding medical history, personality, psychosocial and psychiatric characteristics. Thirty-six of these patients were interviewed one year postoperatively. Thirty-three age-matched women operated on with minor surgical out-patient procedures were used as a contrast group. The mammaplasty patients generally came from insecure homes with conflicts between parents and unsatisfactory emotional relations to both parents. Their educational as well as income level was significantly lower than the contrast group and they were socially isolated. Their sexual adaptation seemed to have been hampered by their sensitivity reactions towards their breasts but nonetheless most of them lived in stable heterosexual relations. Generally the augmentation mammaplasty patients were not psychiatrically abnormal apart from the negative evaluation of their physical attractiveness. The great majority of the women, 86%, were satisfied with the results of surgery. Postoperatively the patients changed their style of dressing, extended their leisure time activities and social contacts, improved their sexual life and relations to their spouse. Postoperative increase of nervous symptoms was reported by 39% of the patients, but about as many patients, 36%, reported decreased nervous symptoms. Difficulties in accepting the surgical result, sexual dysfunctions and negative mental reactions proved to be associated with specific personality characteristics. Various factors have previously been proposed as being usable in the prediction of adverse reactions after augmentation mammaplasty. None of these factors, however, proved in this study to correlate with postoperative maladaptation. A need for increased methodological stringency in predictor studies is indicated.     

Augmentation Mammaplasty for Mammarial Hypothrophy and Ptosis in a Patient with Ichthyosis

A 30-year-old female with mammarial hypothropy was diagnosed with non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NBCIE) with dermatologic evaluation. Her mammarial hypotrophy and ptosis was corrected with a breast implant. Although there is a tendency to skin infections and increased skin fragility in the ichthyotic patients, breast augmentation with silicone prosthesis is well-tolerated by the patient.     

瑞芬太尼及丙泊酚静脉用药对高龄患者术后认知功能恢复的影响

目的探讨瑞芬太尼及丙泊酚对高龄患者静脉麻醉后认知功能恢复的影响。方法2009年1月-2013年1月我院行食管癌根治术患者32例,年龄70-80岁,ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级,随机分为两组,分别采用瑞芬太尼＋丙泊酚＋卡肌宁（瑞芬太尼组,n=16）及芬太尼＋丙泊酚＋卡肌宁（芬太尼组,n=16）行麻醉诱导维持。术后记录自主呼吸恢复时间、呼之睁眼时间、拔管时间及自我陈述时间,分别于术前24h、术后2h、24h应用简易精神状态量表评估患者认知功能。结果两组自主呼吸恢复时间未见显著差异（P〉0．05）,瑞芬太尼组呼之睁眼时间、拔管时间及陈述自己姓名时间均明显早于芬太尼组（P〈0．05）。术后2h两组简易精神状态量表评分均较术前明显降低（P〈0．05）,术后24h评分两组较术前均无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。结论瑞芬太尼与丙泊酚合用对高龄患者术后认知功能影响小,值得临床推广应用。     

右美托咪定、咪唑安定及异丙酚术中镇静比较

目的 比较右美托咪定、咪唑安定及异丙酚在区域麻醉中的镇静作用. 方法 腰-硬联合麻醉下行下肢手术患者75例,ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,随机分为右美托咪定组(D组)、咪唑安定组(M组)与异丙酚组(P组),各25例.分别于麻醉成功后给予右美托咪定、咪唑安定及异丙酚行术中镇静,使镇静/警觉评分(The observer(s) assessment of alertness/sedation scale,OAA/S)达3分或2分.监测血压、心率、血氧饱和度及心电图等生命体征,术后24h询问患者有无术中知晓. 结果 三组镇静效果均满意,有良好的顺行性遗忘,三组的术中知晓率无统计学差异(P＞0.05);D组、M组无呼吸抑制,P组有轻度呼吸抑制,且较D组、M组易发生(P＜0.05);D组有2例血压升高、1例血压下降,M组血压无变化,P组有5例血压下降,P组较M组易引起血压下降(P＜0.05);D组心率下降明显,2例要用阿托品,M组、P组心率稳定,D组心率明显慢于M组与P组(P＜0.01). 结论 术中镇静,右美托咪定降低心率明显,异丙酚有轻度的呼吸、循环抑制,但都易于纠正;咪唑安定对呼吸、循环无影响.右美托咪定、咪唑安定及异丙酚都可用于区域麻醉的镇静.     

静脉镇静镇痛复合肋间神经阻滞用于隆乳手术的临床观察

目的:观察静脉镇静镇痛复合肋间神经阻滞用于隆乳术的麻醉效果。方法:共60例行择期隆乳术的健康女性病人,随机采用负荷剂量后持续输注咪唑安定-芬太尼(M-F组,n=30)或咪唑安定-芬太尼-氯胺酮(M-F-K组,n=30)的方法,调整注速维持镇静深度在改良的OAA/S评分2～3分。所有病人行双侧T2～T7肋间神经阻滞。结果:两组病人术中呼吸循环功能稳定,镇静镇痛效果满意,以M-F-K组更为理想。两组病人均在停药后4～12min内清醒,时间无明显差别。术后24h随访所有病人均无术中记忆,对麻醉方法满意。结论:静脉镇静镇痛复合肋间阻滞具有镇痛良好,胸大肌松弛,病人痛苦小、恢复快、并发症少、无精神创伤等优点,是适合隆乳手术简单、安全有效的理想麻醉方法,以M-F-K镇静镇痛的效果更加理想。     

隆胸术治疗轻度漏斗胸的临床应用15例

目的评介隆胸术治疗轻度漏斗胸的临床效果。方法2000年1月至2008年1月对15例女性轻度漏斗胸患者，年龄18-35岁，在双侧腋窝横皱襞内各作4cm切口直达皮下组织，随后向内分离至胸大肌外侧边缘，切开胸大肌肌膜，用手指钝性分出胸大肌后间隙，用乳房分离器捅入间隙广泛分离至设计范同再置入乳房毛面硅凝胶假体。结果15例患者通过腋下入路行隆胸术后，随访1-9个月，均未见局部皮肤坏死、感染等并发症，前胸壁漏斗胸状畸形明显改善。结论应用隆胸术治疗轻度漏斗胸，具有操作方便，手术损伤小，效果满意等优良，可在临床推广应用。     

Prevention of propofol-induced injection pain by remifentanil: a placebo-controlled comparison with lidocaine

In a randomised, double-blind study we compared the efficacy of continuous remifentanil infusion (0.25 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1) with 40 mg lidocaine and placebo in the prevention of injection pain due to intravenous propofol administration (1.5-2 mg x kg(-1)) in 155 patients scheduled for elective surgery. Pain severity was evaluated using a four-point scale. The incidence of injection pain was 62% in the placebo group and could be reduced significantly by using remifentanil (30%; p < 0.0015) or lidocaine (33%; p < 0.005). Analysis of the pain scores showed a significant difference between remifentanil and placebo (p < 0.00005) as well as between lidocaine and placebo (p < 0.0002). There was no significant difference between remifentanil and lidocaine. Remifentanil provided effective pain relief, comparable with lidocaine, and is an alternative as part of an intravenous anaesthesia regimen to using another concomitant drug.