原发性中小肝癌手术与射频消融治疗的疗效分析

目的:比较射频消融(radiofrequency ablation,RFA)治疗与手术切除治疗(surgical resection,SR)对于原发性小肝癌的疗效。方法:2003年1月到2009年6月共收治经甲胎蛋白(AFP)联合影像学(MRI或CT)证实的原发性中小肝癌患者125例:RFA组60例(B超引导下经皮射频消融51例,腹腔镜下射频消融6例,CT定位经皮射频消融3例),SR组65例:采用常规手术切除治疗(肿瘤局部挖出48例,肝段切除12例,肝叶切除5例)。评估并比较两组治疗效果。结果:RFA组和SR组术后第1、2和3年生存率分别为88.33%、71.67%、58.33%和93.85%、80.00%和72.31%,两者的生存曲线采用Kaplan-Meier检验有统计学意义(P=0.043)。RFA组和SR组术后第1、2和3年的肿瘤复发率分别为15.00%、31.67%、56.67%和10.77%、24.62%和36.92%,两组比较,复发率差异有统计学意义(P=0.034)。结论:射频消融治疗虽具有术后恢复快、出血量少、住院日短、花费少等微创特点,但在肿瘤复发率和术后生存率方面不如传统手术切除治疗。     

射频消融与手术再切除治疗复发性肝癌的比较

目的: 比较射频消融和手术再切除治疗原发性肝癌手术切除后复发癌患者的临床疗效。 方法: 分析比较2002年5月至2007年10月76例原发性肝癌手术切除后复发癌患者射频消融(n=45)和手术再切除(n=31)的临床疗效,引入COX比例风险模型初步分析探讨影响再复发和复发后患者生存期的可能因素。 结果: 消融组与再手术组比较,肿瘤完全清除率分别为88.9%和100%(P=0.147),1、2、3、5年复发率分别为45.2%、71.6%、80.1%、86.7%和39.6%、60.9%、77.6%、83.2%(P=0.711),1、2、3、5年复发后生存率分别为81.8%、60.1%、40.3%、24.2%和82.9%、64.7%、46.4%、34.8%(P=0.599)。复发间期(复发癌距初次手术切除的时间)及复发癌结节个数是影响再手术切除和消融治疗后再复发的危险因素(P=0.035,P=0.005),复发癌结节个数及再复发时间是影响复发后患者生存期的危险因素(P=0.006,P=0.000)。消融组并发症的发生率为13.3%,再手术组为29.0%(P=0.091)。消融组患者无需输血而再手术组需输血的比率为35.5%(P=0.000)。住院时间消融组为7.0天±0.8天,较之再手术组21.9天±1.6天明显缩短(P=0.000)。 结论: 对于原发性肝癌切除术后复发癌患者射频消融术亦可以获得与手术再切除相当的长期生存率,而且具有微创、经济、重复性好的优势,适合于复发癌患者的治疗。     

射频消融治疗肝癌的现状与展望

肝癌是世界上发病率最高的恶性肿瘤之一 ,每年至少有一百万新增患者 ,在我国其死亡率仅次于肺癌和胃癌。除淋巴结以外 ,肝脏也是其他恶性肿瘤最易转移的脏器。手术切除治疗是最好的方法 ,但由于患者的全身和肝功能状况以及肿瘤的大小、数目及部位等原因 ,仅 5 %～ 1 5 %的患者适合于手术。全身和肝动脉灌注化疗效果不甚理想[1,2 ] 。射频消融( radiofrequency ablation,RFA)治疗肝癌是近年发展的一项新技术 ,已初步证明较其他微创的局部治疗手段如经皮注射无水乙醇疗法 ( percutaneousethanol injection therapy,PEIT)和经皮微波凝固疗法…     

直径小于3cm肝癌的经皮射频微创治疗

[目的]初步总结采用经皮射频消融治疗肿瘤直径小于3cm小肝癌的疗效和经验。[方法]射频消融治疗肿瘤直径小于或等于3cm的小肝癌共53例，其中首次诊断为原发性肝癌30例，肝癌术后复发16例，肝转移癌7例，全部采用超声引导下经皮穿刺，单纯射频消融治疗31例，射频消融联合瘤内无水酒精注射术治疗22例。[结果]全组未见严重并发症，常见的术后反应为穿刺点疼痛，腹胀，低热，甲胎蛋白治疗后转阴者12例，下降但未完全转阴者5例，术后第1年出现复发者2例，第2年出现复发者1例，死亡1例，1年生存率为98.1%。[结论]经皮射频消融对小肝癌的治疗具有微创，简单，快速和重复性好的特点，是一种新的具有根治可能的微创治疗手段。     

肝癌射频消融个体化治疗进展

射频消融治疗已成为肝癌最常用的非手术治疗方法,其创伤小、见效快,可以重复治疗,在临床有很好的应用前景,但射频消融术后较高的复发率仍是临床关注的焦点。肝癌射频消融治疗要进行充分的术前评估,通过三维适形、数字建模及多种疗法的联合应用,制定个体化的治疗方案及策略,从而有效降低复发,提高疗效。     

射频消融在肝癌治疗中的应用与研究进展

 射频消融 (radiofrequencyablation ,RFA)是近几年来兴起的一种新的局部治疗肝癌的方法。具有操作简便、创伤小、副作用及并发症少、疗程短和安全可靠的优点 ,引起临床工作者越来越多的重视。本文对RFA技术的基本原理、射频后组织病理改变、副作用及并发症、RFA面临的主要问题及提高RFA效果的研究作一综述。1　RFA基本原理RFA的原理是将射频电极插入组织内通过射频发生器发射 4 6 0 5 0 0kHz的射频电流 ,使组织带电粒子振荡摩擦产热而直接毁损病灶。热杀死细胞主要与以下几个方面有关 :①细胞膜损伤 ,包括细胞膜成分、膜通透性及流动性等改变导致细胞死亡 ;②溶酶体损伤 ,溶酶体内消化酶的释放引起细胞死亡 ;③与合成DNA、RND有关的蛋白质受损伤而间接引起细胞死亡。其生物学基础是 :热对乏氧细胞的敏感性与对足氧细胞的不同 ;低 pH值及营养不良环境能增加热对细胞的杀灭能力 ;细胞分裂周期中对射线抵抗的S期细胞对热敏感 ;肿瘤散热能力差[1] 。射频也使肿瘤组织微管系统完全破坏 ,直径小于 3mm的肝动脉、门静脉、及肝静脉发生栓塞 ,在肿瘤周围的血管组织形成一个反应带 ,使之不能向肿瘤...     

介导下射频消融治疗肝癌的临床应用研究

肝癌的现代治疗仍然是采取以手术为主的综合治疗模式，尤其是诸如冷冻、微波、激光及射频等微创手术的介入，使得肝癌的治疗有了更多的选择。其中，射频消融技术(radiofrequency ablation，RFA)由于设备及方法上的改进，已成为比较效的有肿瘤局部治疗手段之一。该项技术于1999年获得FAD     

射频消融治疗原发性肝癌围手术期安全性分析

  目的  讨论射频消融术治疗原发性肝癌(HCC)的安全性及其并发症的防治。  方法  对2001年1月至2011年6月531例原发性肝癌患者共653个病灶, 729例次行射频消融治疗。  结果  CT引导下、数字减影血管造影机(digital subtraction angiogra-phy, DSA)引导下及DSA与Dvna-CT联合引导下射频消融术分别为165例次、351例次及213例次; 本组病例总死亡率0.3%(2/729), 因消化道大出血及肝功能衰竭死亡各1例; 总并发症发生率为4.1%(30/729), 其中CT引导下并发症发生率为10.9%(18/165), DSA引导下及DSA与Dvna-CT联合引导下并发症发生率为2.1%(12/564), 两者比较有显著性差异(χ2=24.95, P<0.05)。并发症包括: 腹腔出血0.5%(4/729)、胆管损伤0.1%(1/729)、肝功能衰竭0.1%(1/729)、肺部并发症(胸腔出血、肺部感染)0.3%(2/729)、气胸1.8%(13/729)、皮肤灼伤0.4%(3/729)、门静脉损伤0.4%(3/729)、肝脓肿0.1%(1/729)、消化道出血0.3%(2/729), 无其他严重合并症发生。  结论  射频消融术治疗原发性肝癌有发生合并症的风险。根据病灶内碘油沉积情况、病灶与重要器官或组织的关系选择不同的引导方式, 会降低发生合并症的风险.      

老年肝癌患者的射频消融治疗

目的 比较射频消融治疗老年和非老年肝癌患者的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析比较2004年3月~2007年8月77例老年和非老年肝癌患者射频消融的治疗效果,年龄≥60岁者为老年组(n=31),＜60岁者为非老年组(n=46)。结果 老年组与非老年组比较,肿瘤完全清除率87.1％vs 82.6%(P=0.832),1~3年复发率分别为44.4％、59.8％、71.3％vs 56.4％、70.7％、78.1％(P=0.464)。1~3年生存率分别为89.6％、63.8％、35.9％vs 78.9％、46.6％、20.1％(P=0.114)。并发症的发生比率分别为29.0％vs 26.1％(P=0.776)。肿瘤个数、初治时是否复发及治疗后是否再复发是影响预后的危险因素,而年龄、肿瘤直径不是预后的影响因素。结论 对于老年肝癌患者PRFA治疗可以获得与非老年患者相当的长期生存率,而其微创、重复性好的优势更适合老年肝癌患者,尤其是复发癌患者。     

肝细胞癌冷循环射频治疗与手术切除治疗的前瞻性对比研究

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and surgical resection for the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: From January 2002 to June 2009, 87 HCC patients with 3 or fewer nodules, no more than 3 cm in diameter, and liver function of Child-Pugh class A or B were enrolled. Forty-seven underwent RFA while 40 underwent surgical resection. Follow-up ranged from 6 to 69 months. We compared the overall and disease-free survival ra...     

Prediction of late recurrence after radiofrequency ablation of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma with the age-male-albumin-bilirubin-platelets (aMAP) risk score: a multicenter study

BackgroundLong-term survivals of patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma are limited by the high incidence of tumor recurrence after radiofrequency ablation (RFA), identification of the risk factors and understanding the patterns of recurrence can help to improve the comprehensive management of patients after RFA. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to explore the prognostic value of the age-male-albumin-bilirubin-platelets (aMAP) score in patients with early-stage HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receiving RFA; investigate the risk factors and patterns of late recurrence (LR); and develop a nomogram to predict recurrence-free survival (RFS).MethodsA retrospective review of HBV-related HCC patients who underwent primary RFA from March 2012 to December 2020 was conducted. The prognostic value of the aMAP score was evaluated in a primary cohort (n=302) and then further validated in an independent validation cohort (n=143). The optimal threshold of aMAP scores was calculated by X-tile 3.6.1 software. A prognostic nomogram was constructed from multivariate analysis and validated in an external validation cohort.ResultsPatients with aMAP scores ≤63.8, 63.8–67.8, and >67.8 were classified into low-, medium-, and high-recurrence risk groups, respectively. The C-index to predict LR was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.700–0.810). The high-risk group was associated with the worst RFS (HR: 5.298; 95% CI, 2.697–10.408; P<0.001) and overall survival (OS) (HR: 2.639; 95% CI, 1.097–6.344; P=0.03) compared with medium- and low-risk groups. The aMAP score, multiple tumors and preoperative HBV DNA level were independent risk factors for LR. The proposed nomogram had excellent performance in predicting LR of HBV-related HCC [C-index: 0.82 (95% CI: 0.772–0.870)].ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that the aMAP score can serve as an objective predictor of LR for HBV-related HCC patients after RFA. The nomogram based on preoperative HBV DNA level, aMAP score, and number of tumors can reliably help clinicians to stratify the recurrence risk of HCC patients after RFA.     

Microwave ablation versus radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Purpose: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA) are the two main percutaneous techniques for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, to date, studies comparing the two therapies have provided discordant results. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the two treatments for HCC patients. Materials and methods: A computerised bibliographic search was performed on PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar and Cochrane library databases. The rates of complete response (CR), local recurrence (LRR), 3-year survival (SR) and major complications were compared between the two treatment groups by using the Mantel-Haenszel test in cases of low heterogeneity or the DerSimonian and Laird test in cases of high heterogeneity. Sources of heterogeneity were investigated using subgroup analyses. In order to confirm our finding, sensitivity analysis was performed restricting the analysis to high-quality studies. Results: One randomised controlled trial (RCT) and six retrospective studies with 774 patients were included in the meta-analysis. A non-significant trend of higher CR rates in the patients treated with MWA was found (odds ratio (OR)?=?1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.67–1.88, p?=?0.67]. Overall LRR was similar between the two treatment groups (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.53–1.87, p?=?0.98) but MWA outperformed RFA in cases of larger nodules (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.24–0.89, p?=?0.02). 3-year SR was higher after RFA without statistically significant difference (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.58–1.57, p?=?0.85). Major complications were more frequent, although not significantly, in MWA patients (OR 1.63, 95% CI 0.88–3.03, p?=?0.12). Conclusions: Our results indicate a similar efficacy between the two percutaneous techniques with an apparent superiority of MWA in larger neoplasms.     

射频消融术联合肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗肝癌的临床效果

目的探讨射频消融术后联合肝动脉化疗栓塞对肝癌的治疗效果。方法25例肝癌患者共34个瘤灶,中等大小肿瘤(3 cm~5 cm)9个,大肿瘤(>5.1 cm)25个。射频消融术后2~10周行肝动脉化疗栓塞术。治疗效果采用增强CT扫描和临床随访评估。结果射频消融术后CT扫描见治疗区仍有残留癌灶。化疗栓塞后CT扫描见大部分残留癌灶碘油沉积良好。16例患者AFP转阴或明显下降。24例获随访,累计生存率>1年(87.9%),>2年(70.8%)。结论射频消融术后联合肝动脉化疗栓塞是治疗肝癌的有效方法。     

Comparison of microwave ablation and radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Microwave ablation (MWA) has several advantages over radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of MWA with those of RFA for HCC from the perspectives of percutaneous and laparoscopic approaches.

Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane library, and China Biology Medicine databases were searched. Studies comparing the efficacy and safety of MWA with those of RFA in patients with HCC were considered eligible. Complete ablation (CA), local recurrence (LR), disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and the major complication rate were compared between MWA and RFA.

Results: Four randomized controlled trials and 10 cohort studies were included. For percutaneous ablation, no significant difference was found between MWA and RFA regarding CA, LR, DFS, OS, and the major complication rate. A subgroup analysis of tumors measuring ≥3?cm revealed no difference in CA and LR for percutaneous ablation. For laparoscopic ablation, a significantly lower LR rate and a non-significant trend toward a higher major complication rate were observed for the MWA group (odds ratio [OR] 2.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16–4.02, p?=?.01 for LR; OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.04–1.03, p?=?.05 for major complication rate). CA, DFS, and OS were similar between the two groups.

Conclusions: Percutaneous (P)-MWA had similar therapeutic effects compared with P-RFA for HCC. Patients undergoing laparoscopic MWA had a lower LR rate; however, their major complication rate appeared to be higher. The superiority of MWA over RFA remains unclear and needs to be confirmed by high-quality evidence.     

经皮肝穿刺射频热凝对复发性肝癌的治疗意义

目的 探讨对于无再次手术指征的复发性肝癌行B超引导经皮肝穿刺射频热凝(PRFA)治疗的意义。方法 1999年10月～2001年7月经病理证实为原发性肝癌，术后影像学和血清肿瘤标记物证实为肝癌复发的47患者进行B超引导PRFA治疗。复发瘤灶为单发者24例、多发者23例，其中复发灶为单发且小于3．5cm者12例。定期随访，复查AFP、肝功能和B超，1个月后复查MRI或CT了解肿瘤坏死情况，以后每3个月复查。Kaplan—Meier法计算累积生存率。结果 复发灶为单发者1、2、3年的生存率分别为65.2％、37．5％、37．5％，复发灶为单发且小于3.5cm者1、2、3年的生存率分别为83.3％、51．4％、51．4％。复发灶为多发者1、2年的生存率为41．7％、19．5％。结论 B超引导经皮肝穿刺射频热凝是肝癌综合治疗中一种重要手段，对于无再次手术指征的复发性肝癌可以根据复发瘤灶的大小、范围、复发时间，决定单独或结合TACE给予B超引导经皮肝穿刺射频热凝(PRFA)治疗，可以更加有效地控制复发、提高生存率。     

Percutaneous CT-guided radiofrequency ablation for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma pulmonary metastases

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous CT-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma pulmonary metastases (HCCPM) and to identify the prognostic factors for survival.

Materials and methods: We reviewed the medical records of 320 patients with HCCPM treated between January 2005 and January 2012. Among them, 29 patients with 68 lesions of unresectable HCCPM underwent 56 RFA sessions. Safety, local efficacy, survival and prognostic factors were evaluated. Survival was analysed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate analyses were evaluated by the log-rank test.

Results: Pneumothorax requiring chest tube placement occurred in five (8.9%, 5/56) RFA sessions. During the median follow-up period of 23 months (range 6–70), 18 patients (62.1%, 18/29) died of tumour progression and 11 (37.9%, 11/29) were alive. The 1-, 2- and 3-year overall survival rates were 73.4%, 41.1% and 30%, respectively. The median progression-free survival was 18 months (95% confidence interval (CI) 9.8–26.2) and the median overall survival time was 21 months (95%CI, 9.7–32.3). The maximum tumour diameter ≤3?cm (p?=?0.002), the number of pulmonary metastases ≤3 (p?=?0.014), serum AFP level ≤400?ng/mL (p?=?0.003), and the controlled status of intrahepatic tumour after lung RFA (p?=?0.001) were favourable prognostic factors for overall survival.

Conclusions: Our study indicates that percutaneous CT-guided RFA, as an alternative treatment procedure to pulmonary metastasectomy, can be a safe and effective therapeutic option for unresectable HCCPM.     

Combination of radiofrequency ablation and sequential cellular immunotherapy improves progression‐free survival for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurs frequently after minimally invasive therapy. The aim of our study was to observe the efficiency and safety of the combined treatment of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with cellular immunotherapy (CIT) for HCC patients. In our study, 62 patients with HCC who were treated with radical RFA were divided into two groups: RFA alone (32 patients) and RFA/CIT (30 patients). Autologous mononuclear cells were collected from the peripheral blood and separated by apheresis, and then induced into natural killer (NK) cells, γδT cells and cytokine‐induced killer (CIK) cells. These cells were identified by flow cytometry with their specific antibodies and then were infused intravenously to RFA/CIT patients for three or six courses. The tumor recurrent status of these patients was evaluated with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging every 3 months after RFA. Progression‐free survival (PFS), liver function, viral load and adverse effects were examined. The results implied that PFS was higher in RFA/CIT group than that in RFA group. In RFA/CIT group, six courses had better survival prognosis than three courses. Viral load of hepatitis C was decreased in two of three patients without antiviral therapy in RFA/CIT group, but was increased in RFA group. No significant adverse reaction was found in the patients with CIT. In summary, these preliminary results suggest that combination of sequential CIT with RFA for HCC patients was efficient and safe, and may be helpful in the prevention of the recurrence for the patients with HCC after RFA.