Overweight and obesity in Portuguese children and adolescents

The objective of this study is to obtain reliable data from recent studies concerned with obesity and its determinants in Portuguese children and adolescents. We searched in Medline/PubMed published data on overweight and obesity in Portuguese children and adolescents; search terms included “Portugal”, “overweight”, “obesity”, “children” and “adolescents”. We also conducted limited hand-searching of additional studies from PhD theses and other academic theses that addressed overweight or obesity in children and adolescents. Studies that considered body mass index based on self-reported weight and height were excluded. We identified 15 studies that reported overweight and obesity in children and adolescents in Portugal, but 1 study was excluded because it included self-reported weight and height. The International Task Force Recommendation (IOTF) using Cole cut-offs was the most used criterion to estimate overweight and obesity, followed by the age- and sex-specific BMI reference percentiles developed by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The range of ages in these studies was between 2 and 15 years. There were some variations in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among studies and different regions. In children between 3 and 5 years of age, one study reported that overweight reached 13.6% in boys and 20.4% in girls, and obesity varied between 6.5% and 6.9%, respectively, in boys and girls. Between 6 and 10 years of age (using the IOTF definition), in boys, the prevalence of overweight varied from 14.7 to 30.5% and obesity from 5.3 to 13.2%; in girls, overweight values ranged from 16.5 to 29.1% and obesity from 6.4 to 12.6%. One study evaluated only adolescents that were born in 1990 (ages varied between 13 and 14 years) and reported both prevalences of overweight and obesity; the applied method was CDC criteria; in boys, the percentage of overweight was 16.9%, and obesity prevalence was 11.3%; in girls, overweight was 16.0% and the percentage of obese was 9.2%. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in Portuguese children and adolescents may be considered as alarming, and early intervention to prevent obesity is needed.     

Detection of overweight and obesity in a national sample of 6-12-y-old Swiss children: accuracy and validity of reference values for body mass index from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the International Obesity Task Force

BACKGROUND: For defining overweight in children, reference values for body mass index (BMI) are available from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF). However, these 2 sets of reference criteria differ, and their accuracy in classifying adiposity has not yet been validated in most countries. OBJECTIVE: We compared BMI criteria from the IOTF and the CDC with percentage of body fat (%BF) from multisite skinfold thicknesses (SFTs) for identification of overweight in 6-12-y-old Swiss children. DESIGN: In a representative sample (n = 2431), weight, height, and 4 SFTs were measured. Regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate BMI as an indicator of adiposity. RESULTS: BMI and %BF were well correlated (r(2) = 0.74), and the areas under the ROC curves for overweight and obesity were 0.956-0.992. The sensitivity and specificity of the IOTF and CDC overweight criteria and of the CDC obesity criteria were high. The sensitivity of the IOTF obesity criteria was only 48% and 62% in boys and girls, respectively. Overall, the performance of the CDC criteria was superior. With the use of the CDC criteria, the prevalence of overweight in girls and boys was 19.1% and 20.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: BMI is an excellent proxy measure of adiposity in 6-12-y-old children. In Swiss children, both BMI criteria accurately predict overweight, but the sensitivity of the IOTF obesity criteria is poor. They failed to detect one-half of the children identified as obese on the basis of %BF from SFTs.     

北京市2004年2-18岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖流行现状

目的分析北京市2～18岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖检出率水平及分布特征.方法利用2004年北京市儿童代谢综合征调查总样本中21 198名2～18岁人群的体重指数数据,分别采用中国（WGOC标准）、美国疾病预防控制中心（CDC 2000标准）和国际肥胖工作组（IOTF标准）推荐的儿童青少年超重和肥胖体重指数分类标准计算超重和肥胖检出率.结果北京市2～18岁儿童青少年合并超重（包括肥胖）检出率、肥胖检出率分别是18.6%和8.1%（CDC 2000标准）,17.4%和5.1%（IOTF标准）;根据WGOC计算的7～18岁合并超重检出率和肥胖检出率是20.9%和8.9%.学龄儿童（6～18岁）的合并超重率高于学龄前儿童（19.8%：14.8%,CDC 2000标准）;学龄儿童中,男性高于女性（26.7%：16.5%,WGOC标准）,城市高于农村（27.0%：15.9%,WGOC标准）;学龄前儿童城乡间差异无统计学意义.结论北京市有1/5的儿童青少年超重或肥胖,居国内最高水平.儿童青少年肥胖已经成为北京市一个重要公共卫生问题,需要引起社会高度关注.     

Thinness, overweight and obesity in a national sample of Iranian children and adolescents: CASPIAN Study

Background This study was conducted to assess the national prevalence of different grades of nutritional status (underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity) among Iranian school‐students and to compare the prevalence of overweight and obesity using three different sets of criteria. Methods This cross‐sectional national survey was conducted on a representative sample of 21 111 school students including 10 253 boys (48.6%) and 10 858 girls (51.4%) aged 6–18 years, selected by multistage random cluster sampling from urban (84.6%) and rural (15.4%) areas of 23 provinces in Iran The percentage of subjects in the corresponding body mass index (BMI) categories of the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) and the obtained national percentiles were assessed and compared. Results There was no gender differences in BMI, but was higher in boys living in urban than in rural areas (18.4 ± 3.88 vs. 17.86 ± 3.66 kg/m² respectively, P < 0.05). The prevalence of underweight was 13.9% (8.1% of boys and 5.7% of girls) according to the CDC percentiles, and 5% (2.6% of boys and 2.4% of girls) according to the obtained percentiles. According to the CDC, IOTF and national cut‐offs, the prevalence of overweight was 8.82%, 11.3% and 10.1% respectively; and the prevalence of obesity was 4.5%, 2.9% and 4.79% respectively. The prevalence of overweight was highest (10.98%) in the 12‐year‐old group and that of obesity (7.81%) in the 6‐year‐old group. The kappa correlation coefficient was 0.71 between the CDC and IOTF criteria, 0.64 between IOTF and national cut‐offs, and 0.77 between CDC and national cut‐offs. Conclusions The findings of this study warrant the necessity of paying special attention to monitoring of the time trends in child obesity based on uniform definitions, as well as to design programmes to prevent and control associated factors.     

Percent body fat cutoff values for classifying overweight and obesity recommended by the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) in Korean children

OBJECTIVE: To predict the percent body fat (%BF) cutoff values corresponding to overweight and obesity recommended by the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) in Korean children and to compare those values with the published cutoff values in Caucasian children. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: The sample consisted of 1083 Korean children and adolescents (555 boys and 528 girls) aged 7-18 years from 3 schools. Body mass index (BMI) and %BF using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer were measured. The classification of overweight and obesity was based on the age- and sex-specific BMI cutoff values of the IOTF guidelines. RESULTS: The predicted %BF cutoff values for overweight and obesity varied by age and sex: overweight, 17-22% in boys and 24-37% in girls; obesity, 24-30% in boys and 30-53% in girls. Those %BF cutoff values in older Korean boys tended to be lower than the published %BF cutoff values in Caucasian boys. While %BF cutoff values for overweight in Korean girls were similar to the values in Caucasian girls, %BF cutoff values for obesity in Korean girls aged 13-18 years were higher compared to cutoff values in Caucasian girls. CONCLUSION: The %BF values associated with the IOTF-recommended BMI cutoff values for overweight and obesity may require age- and sex-specific cutoff values in Korean children aged 7-18 years.     

Growth patterns of Qatari school children and adolescents aged 6-18 years

The study was conducted to analyze the patterns of growth in height and weight and the prevalence of over-weight among Qatari school children aged 6-18 years. Weights and heights of a cross-sectional sample of Qatari school children were measured. These children were selected randomly, in equal proportions of age and gender, from different schools from urban and semi-urban districts. Appropriate statistical procedures were performed to produce smooth percentile curves for boys and girls using a two-stage approach. Initial curve smoothing for selected major percentiles was accomplished by various paramet-ric and non-parametric procedures. In the second stage, a normalization procedure was used for creating z-scores that closely matched the smooth percentile curves. The height and weight results were compared with the international reference values of National Center for Health Statistics/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (NCHS/CDC). The prevalence of over-weight was calculated using the new International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) reference. Of 7442 Qatari children studied, 50.3% were male and 49.7%' female. The mean values for height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) increased with the age for both boys and girls until the age of 18 years, except BMI, which stabilized at the age of 16-18 years at around 22.6 for boys and at 21.6 for girls. The growth patterns of the Qatari children, aged 6-18 years, appeared to be comparable with those of the NCHS/CDC reference. The weight-for-age centile curves of the Qatari boys tended to be superior to those of the NCHS/CDC reference until the age of 15 years, less so those of the Qatari girls. In contrast, the height-for-age centile curves of the Qatari children tended to deviate in a negative sense from the NCHS/CDC reference curves, for boys and girls from age around 11 years and 13 years respectively. The deviation of the smoothed median height-for-age curves from the reference in adolescence could most likely be attributed to a later maturation among the Qatari children. The prevalence of under-weight, over-weight, and obesity for the Qatari children was quite below the CDC and IOTF rates, except for girls aged 6-9 years. More males than females were over-weight or obese according to either the local, the CDC, or the IOTF reference, and the prevalence increased with age. A good percentage of the Qatari children was at risk of being over-weight, which needs more attention because the development of obesity results in different types of diseases associated with changes in body composition.     

Utility of childhood BMI in the prediction of adulthood disease: comparison of national and international references

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; CDC Reference) or International Obesity Task Force (IOTF; IOTF Reference) BMI cut-off points for classifying adiposity status in children are more effective at predicting future health risk. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: The sample (N=1709) included 4- to 15-year-old (at baseline) boys and girls from the Bogalusa Heart Study. Overweight and obesity status were determined using both the CDC Reference and IOTF Reference BMI cut-off points at baseline. The ability of childhood overweight and obesity, determined from the two BMI classification systems, to predict obesity and metabolic disorders in young adulthood (after a 13- to 24-year follow-up) was then compared. RESULTS: Independently of the classification system employed to determine adiposity based on childhood BMI, the odds of being obese and having all of the metabolic disorders in young adulthood were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the overweight and obese groups by comparison with the nonoverweight groups. Childhood overweight and obesity, determined by both the CDC Reference and IOTF Reference, had a low sensitivity and a high specificity for predicting obesity and metabolic disorders in young adulthood. Overweight and obesity as determined by the CDC Reference were slightly more sensitive and slightly less specific than the corresponding values based on the IOTF Reference. DISCUSSION: Overweight and obesity during childhood, as determined by both the CDC and IOTF BMI cut-off points, are strong predictors of obesity and coronary heart disease risk factors in young adulthood. The differences in the predictive capacity of the CDC Reference and IOTF Reference are, however, minimal.     

成都2～18岁儿童少年体质指数现况调查

目的:调查成都城区2～18岁儿童少年体质指数分布趋势以及超重、肥胖流行状况。方法:分别采用中国WGOC标准、国际肥胖工作组IOTF标准和美国CDC2000标准对成都市城区10520名2～18岁儿童少年体质指数进行评价。结果:成都城区儿童少年超重率及肥胖率分别为男9.6、5.2,女7.1、2.3(WGOC标准);男9.5、2.8,女7.1、1.1(IOTF标准);男8.0、5.7,女6.0、2.1(CDC2000标准),男生肥胖率普遍>女生,BMI均呈先缓慢下降,后迅速回升趋势,肥胖-超重比女生>男生,均大于可接受水平。结论:成都城区儿童少年处于肥胖流行早期阶段,发生肥胖潜在危险性高,并呈上升趋势,应引起足够重视并采取早期预防措施。     

宁波地区7岁以下儿童超重和单纯性肥胖调查及三种筛查方法比较研究

目的 了解宁波地区7岁以下儿童单纯性肥胖发生情况,探讨BMI不同参照标准在儿童超重、肥胖筛查的应用.方法 随机整群抽样调查64 038名儿童的身高、体重,按WHO 2006年推荐的身高标准体重值,体重达身高标准体重≥10%为超重、≥20%为肥胖,剔除伴肥胖的遗传性疾病和内分泌疾病.并分别采用WHO与国际肥胖工作组(IOTF)推荐的超重、肥胖BMI参照值对同一人群计算超重、肥胖检出率.结果 按WHO身高标准体重值宁波市7岁以下儿童超重和单纯性肥胖检出率分别为4.25%和2.88%,其中男童分别为4.45%和3.01%,女童分别为3.86%和2.56%,男童与女童的超重和肥胖检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).儿童超重和肥胖检出率随年龄增长而逐渐上升,6岁时男童分别达到11.84%和9.68%、女童分别达到10.14%和9.46%.不同年龄组和性别超重/肥胖比在1.15～1.94:1之间.调查人群BMI的P85、P95均低于WHO与IOTF标准中"超重"、"肥胖"的BMI判断界值,使用WHO与IOTF推荐的BMI参照值宁波市7岁以下儿童超重、肥胖检出率分别为9.72%、2.83%和6.11%、0.55%.结论 儿童早期是预防日后肥胖的关键时期,男童是预防和控制肥胖发生、发展的重点人群,应将预防和控制儿童肥胖工作列入儿童保健服务之中,建议尽快建立适合中国7岁以下儿童超重、肥胖筛查的BMI参考值.     

Overweight and obesity in Irish primary schools: retrospective cohort study

BACKGROUND: This retrospective cohort study investigates the feasibility of using established methods and routinely generated data from the statutory primary school health-screening programme to estimate prevalence rates for childhood overweight and obesity in children from a rural area in the Republic of Ireland (ROI). METHOD: Paper-based records in the primary school health service for County Leitrim and parts of County Cavan in north-west of ROI were hand searched to identify children attending senior infant classes during academic year 2001/2002. Electronic calculation of body mass index (BMI) and age at examination was carried out. Application of age- and sex-specific cut-off points from International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) and United Kingdom (UK) standard definitions for childhood overweight and obesity was used to determine age- and sex-specific prevalence rates for childhood overweight and obesity. RESULTS: The eligible cohort was almost completely identified and consisted of 361 children. Weight and height measurements were available on 328 (91%) children aged between 4.22 and 7.92 years. IOTF standard application gave prevalence rates of 25% for obesity and overweight in boys and 26% in girls. With the UK growth standard, this increased to 34% in boys and reduced to 23% in girls. CONCLUSION: It is feasible to generate prevalence rates for childhood overweight and obesity from data routinely obtained through the statutory school health-screening programme in ROI. This study suggests levels of childhood overweight and obesity comparable to other Western societies. Further research on developing a universally accepted standard definition of childhood overweight and obesity is required.     

Using routine growth data to determine overweight and obesity prevalence estimates in preschool children in the Capital Health Region of Alberta

BACKGROUND: Overweight and obesity prevalence is increasing in Canadian children. In the Capital Health region of Alberta, there is a need to examine this public health issue and implement strategies to overcome it. Two growth references, one provided by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the other by the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF), are available to assess individuals and screen populations for overweight and obesity. The prevalence can vary as a function of the reference used. The primary objective of this study is to determine prevalence estimates of overweight and obesity in 4-6 year olds in the Capital Health region. The secondary objective is to explore differences in estimates using both classification systems. METHODS: Anthropometric measurements were incorporated into regular preschool immunization visits. Body Mass Index (BMI), defined as the bodyweight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared was calculated for each record and percentiles for age and sex were determined using cut-offs from the IOTF and CDC. The prevalence estimates of overweight and obesity using both classification systems were determined and compared. RESULTS: Out of 7,369 children, 13.8% were overweight and 11.4% were obese according to the CDC reference. The IOTF reference classified 11.5% as overweight and 6.8% as obese. The two reference systems had moderate agreement (kappa 0.69, p<0.01). CONCLUSION: The results indicate a lower prevalence estimate of overweight and obesity among young children in the Capital Health region compared to other parts of Canada. The IOTF reference provides more conservative estimates than the CDC reference, accounted for more by the difference in estimates of obesity than by the difference in estimates for overweight.     

北京市儿童少年体重指数与体脂百分比关系的分析

目的 分析北京市儿童少年体重指数(BMI)和体脂百分比(PBF)的关系并比较两者判定肥胖的一致性。方法 抽取北京城区757名女生(平均10.1岁),郊区165名女生(平均13.5岁)和郊区172名男生(平均13.7岁),用双能X线吸收仪测定体成分,并计算BMI。结果 北京市城区女生、郊区女生和男生在各年龄段BMI与PBF呈中、高度相关,r=0.59～0.83。与PBF判定的肥胖(男生:PBF≥25％,女生:PBF≥35％)相比,国际肥胖工作小组(IOTF)提出的分年龄、性别BMI切点判定肥胖时有较高的特异度,达100％,而灵敏度较差,只有7.3％～18.9％。结论 北京市儿童少年BMI和PBF呈中高度相关,IOTF提出的分年龄、性别的BMI切点对于确定中国儿童高体脂水平具有较高特异性,适合儿童肥胖的判定,而不适用于儿童肥胖的筛查。     

Obesity, overweight and thinness in schoolchildren of the city of Florianópolis, Southern Brazil

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of obesity, overweight (including obesity) and thinness in children of the city of Florianopolis (southern Brazil). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS: Representative sample of 7-10-y-old schoolchildren of the first four grades of elementary schools (1432 girls, 1504 boys). METHODS: Measurements of weight, height and triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) were taken following standard techniques. The body mass index (BMI) was computed as weight/height2. Nutritional status was defined using two references: (1) the Must et al reference for BMI and TSF to define thinness, overweight and obesity (5th, 85th and 95th percentiles, respectively); (2) the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) BMI cutoffs to define overweight and obesity. RESULTS: Using BMI, according to the Must et al, and IOTF references, the prevalence of obesity was 10.6 and 5.5%, respectively; overweight (including obesity) affected 26.2 and 22.1% of children, respectively. According to the Must et al reference, the prevalence of thinness was 3.2%. Using TSF rather than BMI, according to the Must et al references, fewer children were classified as obese (8.0%) or overweight (20.2%) and more children were classified as thin (4.9%). CONCLUSION: This study supports the previously reported high frequencies of childhood overweight and obesity in developing countries. The data allow comparisons with other studies carried out in Brazil and other parts of the world.     

2015年山东省6~18岁儿童青少年超重肥胖流行现况

目的 分析山东省学龄期儿童青少年超重肥胖流行现况,为儿童青少年肥胖防治策略和措施的制定提供基础数据。方法 利用2015年山东省中小学生体检数据,共纳入9 583 576名6~18岁儿童青少年。利用国内外四种儿童青少年超重肥胖标准分析山东省学龄期儿童超重肥胖性别、年龄、城乡分布特征,并比较国内标准与国外标准间的一致程度。结果 基于中国肥胖问题工作组(中国标准)、国际肥胖问题工作组(IOTF标准)、美国疾病预防控制中心(CDC标准)和世界卫生组织(WHO标准)推荐的儿童青少年超重肥胖体重指数(BMI)筛查标准,山东省6~18岁儿童青少年总体超重检出率分别为17.5%、16.6%、13.9%和17.6%,肥胖检出率分别为13.1%、7.2%、11.4%、10.8%。男生超重肥胖检出率高于女生,城市高于农村。在6~11岁年龄组随年龄增长超重肥胖检出率呈平稳上升趋势,12~18岁年龄组呈迅速下降趋势。中国标准与其他三种国际标准之间一致性较好,加权Kappa值分别为0.82(中国标准vs.CDC标准)、0.70(中国标准vs.IOTF标准)和0.83(中国标准vs.WHO标准)。结论 儿童青少年肥胖已成为山东省重要的公共卫生问题,需引起全社会的重点关注。     

Obesity in a cohort of black Jamaican children as estimated by BMI and other indices of adiposity

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationships of body mass index (BMI) to obesity indices derived from anthropometry and to determine tracking of overweight between late childhood and early adolescence, in a cohort of children with mixed nutritional history. We also compared identification of overweight children using The International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) BMI cut-off points with skinfolds. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Kingston, Jamaica. SUBJECTS: A total of 306 children examined at 7-8 y and at 11-12 y. MEASUREMENTS: Triceps (TSF) and subscapular skinfolds (SSF), height and weight were measured. The sum of the skinfolds (sum SF), BMI, percentage body fat (%fat) and fat mass (FM) were calculated. Pubertal stage was assessed at 11-12 y. RESULTS: Overweight increased from 3.5 to 9.5% over the follow-up period. BMI was better correlated with the other indices of adiposity in girls and in the older age group. BMI tracking over follow up was high. In regression analysis BMI explained 52 and 61% of the variance in FM in boys and girls at 7-8 y. This increased to 69% in both sexes at 11-12 y. Using the IOTF cut-off points BMI had low sensitivity to identify children >85th percentile of the NHANES references for SSF. The sensitivity for those assessed by TSF and sum SF was higher, but between 14 and 30% of the children were misclassified. The specificity of BMI was high. CONCLUSIONS: Adiposity increased over follow-up. Although the cohort remained relatively lean BMI rank among the fattest children was maintained. Girls were fatter than boys, reflecting adult obesity patterns. Children identified as overweight by the IOTF BMI cut-off points are likely to have high body fatness. However the BMI cut-off points may not identify many children with high body fatness.     

Mexican anthropometric percentiles for ages 10-18

OBJECTIVE: To elaborate Mexican growth charts based on international methodology. DESIGN: Data were obtained from the Mexican National Health Survey. The survey was stratified and probabilistic representative of all the country. SETTING: Nationwide open population living in urban and rural areas. SUBJECTS: Boys (8545) and girls (9983) from 10 to 18 years participating in the survey. METHODS: Age, weight and height were recorded. Empirical percentiles were calculated and smoothed. Smoothed curves were approximated using least-mean square estimation. RESULTS: Tables and figures for percentile values of weight, height and body mass index (BMI) for age, as well as percentile values of weight and BMI for height for both genders are presented. Regarding 50th BMI for age percentiles, Mexicans had higher levels than the Americans in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts; Mexicans were lower but had similar weights than the Americans. Owing to the high BMI, the percentile corresponding to an overweight level (25 kg/m(2)) at 18 years was 74.5 in boys and 72.5 in girls, whereas obesity level (30 kg/m(2)) at 18 years was 97.3 and 97.4 in boys and girls, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The present growth charts are snapshots of a Mexican population. Because of the high median BMI compared to US and World Health Organization standards, we must be cautious in establishing an upper normal cutoff for clinical normality, not merely selecting the 85th and 95th percentiles as equivalents of overweight and obesity, respectively. Therefore, we proposed percentiles 74.5 in boys and 72.5 in girls as the action points of overweight as they are the percentiles corresponding to BMI 25 kg/m(2) at 18 years. SPONSORSHIP: The survey was supported by the Mexican Minister of Health. Statistical analyses were sponsored by Dr Del-Rio-Navarro.     

中国2～18岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖筛查体重指数界值点的研究

目的 研究中国2～18岁儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数(BMI)界值点.方法 在中国0～18岁儿童青少年BMI生长参照值的基础上,根据常用的超重、肥胖筛查界值点选择方法(与成年人界值点接轨法、百分位法或Z分值法),初步分别确定[BMI 24kg/m2 (BMI24)、28 kg/m2(BMI28)]、(P85、P95)和(Z1、Z2)三组界值点,通过对不同界值点进行差值和检出率比较,并与中国肥胖问题工作组(WGOC)和国际肥胖问题工作组(IOTF)的超重、肥胖界值点做对比分析,最后确定适宜界值点.结果 按照不同的超重、肥胖筛查BMI界值点选择方法获得三组界值点,不同界值点之间存在不同程度差异,但在超重合并肥胖检出率上差异相对较小.与WGOC相比,男章超重、肥胖及女童肥胖界值点非常接近,女童在8.5～15.5岁其超重界值点比WGOC标准低0.3～1.0 kg/m2,通过筛查"2004年北京市儿童代谢综合征调查"数据库,女童超重检出率比WGOC标准高约3.4%.结论 采用与成年人界值点接轨法(BMI24、BMI28)获得的中国2～18岁儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查BMI界值点是适宜的,实现了在使用BMI指标上年龄的连贯性和筛查标准的一致性.     

深圳市学龄儿童BMI值分布及超重和肥胖状况

目的了解深圳市学龄儿童超重、肥胖状况及人体质量指数值分布情况,为学生营养健康教育提供依据。方法抽取深圳市2所小学7~12岁学龄儿童3 008名作为观察对象,以国际生命科学会中国肥胖问题工作组(WGOC)颁布的“中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体质量指数值分类标准”,对深圳市小学生超重、肥胖状况进行筛查。结果与WGOC采用P85和P95作为超重和肥胖筛查标准相比,深圳市学龄儿童BMI值P85和P95相对较高。以WGOC标准筛查,深圳市学龄男童超重和肥胖检出率分别为17.6%和12.3%,女童超重和肥胖检出率分别为8.1%和6.1%。结论采用WGOC标准能较准确地筛查学龄儿童超重和肥胖。深圳市学龄儿童肥胖检出率较高。     

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Greek school-aged children and adolescents

The aim of the present study, which was part of the Health Behavior in School Aged Children (HBSC) study, was to provide national estimates for overweight and obesity in Greek school-aged children and adolescents. A nationwide multistage procedure was followed to obtain a representative sample of children and adolescents aged 11.5, 13.5 and 15.5 y. The resultant sample consisted of 4299 students, 51.3% girls and 48.7% boys. Self-reported weight and height data were used. According to the body mass index cutoff points adopted by the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF), 9.1% of girls and 21.7% of boys were classified as overweight, and 1.2% of girls and 2.5% of boys as obese. Corresponding values using CDC growth charts were 8.1% of girls and 18.8% of boys for overweight, and 1.7% of girls and 5.8% of boys for obese. Compared to most other western countries, the prevalence of obesity is lower in Greek children aged 11-16 y.