Isolation of Side Population Cells and Detection of ABCG2 from SW480

Objective:Side population cells(SP cells)are a new type of stem cells.They mainly express ABCG2/BCRP1 and have the ability to eliminate DNA dye Hoechst33342.Many studies showed that side population cells were able of self-renewal,differentiation and carcinogenesis in cancers.Our investigation aimed at isolation of side population cells and ABCG2 positive subpopulation from colon cancer cell line SW480 and identification of their characteristics of cancer stem cells.Methods:side population cells and non-side population cells of colon cancer cell line SW480 were isolated with DNA dye Hoechst33342 and their cell cycles were measured by flow cytometry.Expression of ABCG2 of SW480 was measured by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence,and its proportion was measured by flow cytometry.Results:SW480 contained 2.29% side population cells.The fraction of side population cells decreased greatly to 0.40% by treatment with verapamil.The fraction of side population cells in S-G2M cell cycle was 16.14%,which was much lower than the fraction(34.05%)of non-side population cells in S-G2M.In SW480,ABCG2 positive cells,which proportion was 9.66%,were small,circular or oval,lack of psuedopods,similar to poor differentiation.On the contrary,the ABCG2 negative cells were large,polygonal,with many psuedopods,similar to high differentiation.Conclusion:our assay identified that side population cells did exist in SW480 and had a quiescence characteristic of stem cells.ABCG2 positive subpopulation occupied about 9.66% of SW480 and may have the ability to promote cell self-renewal and inhibit cell differentiation.Therefore,to isolate ABCG2 positive subpopulation from side population cells may be an alternative to study colorectal cancer stem cells.     

膀胱癌细胞系T24侧群细胞的分离及初步鉴定

目的:检测和分选人类膀胱癌细胞系T24中的侧群（side population,SP）细胞,并初步鉴定其癌干细胞特性,为癌干细胞的分离纯化奠定基础。方法:采用荧光激活细胞分选（FACS）技术,分选得到T24细胞中的侧群细胞,并检测其比例。采用反转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）技术检测侧群细胞中ABCG2的表达情况;继而将侧群细胞培养于无血清培养基中,观察形成悬浮肿瘤细胞球的能力。结果:流式细胞分选结果显示:T24细胞中侧群细胞的比例约为3.6%。和对应的母系T24细胞相比,T24侧群细胞的ABCG2表达增高。培养于无血清培养基中的侧群细胞成簇生长,并形成肿瘤细胞球。结论:人类膀胱癌细胞系T24中存在具有癌干细胞特性的侧群细胞。     

人前列腺癌细胞系DU 145中肿瘤干细胞样侧群细胞的分离

目的:分离人前列腺癌细胞系DU 145中的侧群(side population,SP)细胞,并初步分析其生物学特性。方法:采用荧光激活细胞分类(fluorescence activated cell sorting,FACS)技术,从DU 145细胞中分离出侧群细胞,并检测其比例;继而培养于无血清培养基中,观察其生长特性。采用反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术检测侧群细胞中ABCG2的表达水平。结果:DU 1 4 5细胞中存在含量极少的侧群细胞,比例约1.1%;培养于无血清培养基中成簇生长。和对应的母系DU 145细胞相比,DU 145侧群细胞的ABCG2表达增高。结论:人前列腺癌细胞系DU 145中存在具有肿瘤干细胞特性的侧群细胞。     

粪肠球菌脂磷壁酸激活Toll样受体2抑制胰腺导管癌BxPC-3细胞的增殖、侵袭和迁移

目的:探讨粪肠球菌脂磷壁酸(lipoteichoic acid,LTA)对胰腺导管腺癌(pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma,PDA)BxPC3细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移的影响及其可能的机制.方法:用0、5、10、50μg/ml的LTA分别处理BxPC-3细胞,以0μg/ml组作为空白对照组,其余...     

lncRNAHOXA-AS2靶向miR-520a-3p调控卵巢癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭

目的：探究长链非编码RNA HOXA-AS2（lncRNA HOXA-AS2）与微小RNA-520a-3p（miR-520a-3p）之间的靶向关系及其对卵巢癌SKOV3 细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响。方法：qPCR检测lncRNA HOXA-AS2 与miR-520a-3p 在多种卵巢癌细胞（SKOV3、HO8910、OVCAR3 细胞）及正常卵巢上皮细胞HOSE中的表达水平。生物信息学手段预测HOXA-AS2 与miR-520a-3p之间的靶向关系并用双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证。将si-HOXA-AS2、miR-520a-3p mimic、anti-miR-520a-3p 和相应对照片段分别或共转染SKOV3 细胞,MTT、Transwell 和Western blotting 法分别检测各组SKOV3 细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭及相关蛋白（CyclinD1、p21、p27、MMP-2、MMP-9、MMP-14）表达情况。结果：与HOSE细胞相比,多种卵巢癌细胞中HOXA-AS2 均呈高表达（均P<0.05）、miR-520a-3p 均呈低表达（均P<0.05）;HOXA-AS2 可靶向下调miR-520a-3p 的表达。si-HOXA-AS2 和miR-520a-3p mimics 组SKOV3 细胞的增殖、迁移及侵袭能力均较对照组均显著降低（ 均P<0.01）,且p21、p27 蛋白表达显著升高,而CyclinD1、MMP-2、MMP-9、MMP-14 蛋白表达显著减少（均P<0.01）;si-HOXA-AS2+anti-miR-520a-3p 组SKOV3 细胞增殖、迁移及侵袭能力较si-HOXA-AS2 和si-HOXA-AS2+anti-miR-NC 组显著增强（均P<0.05）。结论：lncRNA HOXA-AS2 通过靶向抑制miR-520a-3p表达进而增强卵巢癌SKOV3 细胞的增殖、迁移及侵袭能力。     

PM2.5混悬液对3种癌细胞侵袭和迁移能力的影响

目的：探讨PM_2.5混悬液对人肺癌A549细胞、人肝癌HepG2细胞和人肾癌A498细胞迁移和侵袭能力的影响。方法：采用10、50μg/mL的PM_2.5混悬液分别对A549、HepG2和A498细胞染毒24 h,Transwell小室实验检测细胞迁移、侵袭能力。结果：迁移实验结果显示,阴性对照组、10和50μg/mL PM_2.5染毒组A549细胞穿膜细胞数分别为(356.33±30.92)、(476.33±28.50)和(563.33±74.00)个;HepG2细胞分别为(86.42±4.75)、(140.00±16.15)和(234.17±9.06)个;A498细胞分别为(42.33±6.43)、(80.00±6.08)和(174.67±25.01)个。侵袭实验结果显示,阴性对照组、10和50μg/mL PM_2.5染毒组A549细胞的穿膜细胞数分别为(188.33±9.45)、(313.00±7.94)和(404.00±57.66)个;HepG2细胞分别为(48.33±3.26)、(97.75±6...     

Scutellaria Extract Decreases the Proportion of Side Population Cells in a Myeloma Cell Line by Down-regulating the Expression of ABCG2 Protein

Background and Aims: Scutellaria is one of the most popular traditional Chinese herbal remedies againstvarious human diseases, including cancer. In this study, we examined the active effects of Scutellaria extractand its main flavonoid constituents on the proportion of side population cells within human multiple myelomacell line RPMI8226 in vitro and explored the potential molecular mechanisms involved. Materials and Methods:The contents of flavonoids in ethanolic extract of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi were determined using highperformance liquid chromatography. The antiproliferative effect of the ethanolic extract on RPMI-8226 wasdetermined by CCK assay. Apoptosis was measured by annexin combining with propidium iodide in a flowcytometer. Cell cycle analysis was performed by propidium iodide staining in combination with flow cytometryanalysis. Hoechst 33342 exclusion assay was used for the identification of side population within RPMI8226cells. The expression of ABCG2 protein was assessed by Western blotting assay. Results: The content of majorflavonoids constitutents of Scutellaria extract was baicalin (10.2%), wogonoside (2.50%), baicalein (2.29%), andwogonin (0.99%), respectively. The crude Scutellaria extract did not show significant anti-proliferative effect,apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest in RPMI-8226 within the concentrations of 1-75μg/mL. However, theethanolic extract, baicalein, wogonin and baicalin reduced the side population cells in RPMI-8226, and datashowed that baicalein and wogonin had stronger inhibitory effects. Correspondingly, they also exhibited significanteffects on decreasing the expression level of ABCG2 protein in RPMI-8226 in vitro. Conclusions: Our results forthe first time demonstrated a novel mechanism of action for Scutellaria extract and its main active flavonoids,namely targeting SP cells by modulating the expression of ABCG2 protein. This study provides an insight fornew therapeutic strategies targeting cancer stem cells of multiple myeloma.     

miR-623在膀胱癌中的表达及靶向Fascin1抑制膀胱癌细胞迁移和侵袭

目的:探讨miR-623在膀胱癌中的表达及通过靶向Fascin1对膀胱癌细胞迁移和侵袭能力的影响.方法:采用实时荧光定量PCR检测正常膀胱上皮组织、膀胱癌组织、正常永生化膀胱上皮细胞系(SV-HUC-1)和膀胱癌细胞系(T24、UMUC3)中miR-623的表达量;采用脂质体瞬时转染miR-623 mimics,划痕实...     

ABCG2基因在胃癌组织中的表达(英文)

Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of ABCG2 in human gastric carcinoma and its clinical significance.Methods:Expression of ABCG2 was examined with immunohistochemical technique in the specimens from 45 gastric carcinoma tissues and 30 surrounding normal tissues.The mRNA expression of ABCG2 was measured by RT-PCR and real-time quantitative PCR in 30 cases of gastric carcinoma and normal gastric mucosa, respectively.Results:ABCG2 expression was observed in 28 of 45(62.2%) cases ...     

环加氧酶-2 通过调控EMT促进乳腺癌MDA-MB-231 细胞的迁移和侵袭

[摘要] 目的：探讨环加氧酶-2（COX-2）在乳腺癌转移中的作用及其可能的机制。方法：收集从2015 年10 月至2018 年4 月在云南省肿瘤医院接受乳腺切除术的患者中获得的原发乳腺癌组织和脑转移乳腺癌组织临床病理样本共45 例,其中原发30 例、脑转移15 例。采用qPCR检测COX-2 在原位乳腺癌和脑转移乳腺癌组织中的表达。将COX-2 过表达重组病毒（LV6-COX2）或敲减COX-2 重组病毒（LV3-COX2 shRNA1、LV3-COX2 shRNA2）感染人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231 细胞并获得稳转细胞株后,CCK-8法检测COX-2 表达对MDA-MB-231 细胞增殖的影响,划痕实验和Transwell 法检测对MDA-MB-231 细胞迁移和侵袭的影响。qPCR和WB实验分析各组细胞中COX-2 mRNA和蛋白的表达水平,qPCR检测COX-2 表达对MDA-MB-231 细胞内EMT相关基因表达的影响。结果：COX-2 表达水平在脑转移乳腺癌患者组织中显著高于原位乳腺癌组织（P<0.01）;并且与乳腺癌患者肿瘤TMN分期有关。成功构建稳定过表达/敲减COX-2 的MDA-MB-231 细胞株。过表达COX-2 促进MDA-MB-231 细胞的迁移和侵袭（均P<0.01）,同时显著提高MMP2、MMP1、N-cadherin 和vimentin 的表达（均P<0.01）,但对细胞增殖无明显影响;而沉默COX-2 则有相反的作用,且可促进细胞增殖（P<0.05）。结论：COX-2 在脑转移乳腺癌组织中高表达,其可能通过调控EMT过程促进乳腺癌MDA-MB-231 细胞的迁移和侵袭。     

E盒结合锌指蛋白2基因对卵巢癌细胞侵袭及迁移影响的实验研究

目的探讨E盒结合锌指蛋白2(ZEB2)在卵巢癌细胞侵袭及迁移中的作用及机制。方法将卵巢癌细胞SKOV3分为Control组、ZEB2 shRNA组、shRNA-NC组。ZEB2 shRNA组、shRNA-NC组分别转染ZEB2 shRNA和shRNA-NC,Control组不进行细胞转染。采用实时聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和蛋白质印迹(Western blot)法检测转染效果,细胞划痕实验检测细胞迁移能力,Transwell小室检测细胞侵袭能力,Western blot法检测迁移和侵袭相关蛋白基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP2)、波形蛋白(vimentin)的相对表达量。结果 ZEB2 shRNA组细胞ZEB2mRNA和蛋白相对表达量均低于shRNA-NC组和Control组(P﹤0.05)。ZEB2 shRNA组细胞迁移率均低于Control组和shRNA-NC组,侵袭细胞数目均少于Control组和shRNA-NC组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。ZEB2 shRNA组细胞中MMP2、vimentin蛋白相对表达量均低于Control组和shRNA-NC组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论沉默ZEB2基因表达能够抑制卵巢癌细胞迁移和侵袭能力,MMP2和vimentin可能是其作用机制之一。     

干扰FBXO2表达对胃癌细胞增殖、侵袭、迁移及EMT的影响

目的：探讨F框蛋白2（F-box only protein 2,FBXO2）基因在人胃癌细胞系中表达及其对胃癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和EMT 的影响。方法：选择胃癌细胞系 MGC-803、AGS、SGC-7901、MKN-28以及正常胃黏膜上皮细胞株 GES-1,qPCR 法检测细胞中FBXO2 mRNA表达水平。设计靶向抑制FBXO2表达的特异siRNA,并瞬时转染MGC-803细胞,转染siRNA无义序列的为阴性对照。qPCR法检测转染48 h后MGC-803细胞中FBXO2 mRNA表达水平;用MTT法、细胞划痕愈合法、Transwell小室法检测降低 FBXO2表达对细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响,WB 法检测细胞中 EMT 相关蛋白 E-cadherin、N-cadherin、vimentin的表达。结果：4种胃癌细胞中FBXO2 mRNA表达水平显著高于胃黏膜上皮细胞GES-1（P<0.05或P<0.01）。与阴性对照组相比,siRNA[1]FBXO2组MGC-803细胞中FBXO2 mRNA表达下调（P<0.01）,该细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力受到显著抑制（P<0.05或P<0.01）,E-cadherin蛋白表达明显升高（P<0.01）,N-cadherin、vimentin蛋白表达显著降低（均 P<0.01）。结论：低表达的 FBXO2可抑制胃癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力,该抑制作用可能与EMT过程有关。     

ABCG2 (BCRP) expression in normal and malignant hematopoietic cells

ABCG2 (BCRP) is a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family of cell surface transport proteins. ABCG2 expression occurs in a variety of normal tissues, and is relatively limited to primitive stem cells. ABCG2 expression is associated with the side population (SP) phenotype of Hoechst 33342 efflux. The substrate profile of ABCG2 includes the antineoplastic drugs primarily targeting topoisomerases, including anthracyclines and camptothecins. More recently, pheophorbide, a chlorophyll-breakdown product, and protoporhyrin IX have been described as ABCG2 substrates, perhaps indicating a physiologic role of cytoprotection of primitive cells. Also, mice lacking ABCG2 expression have no intrinsic stem cell defects, although there is a remarkable increase in toxicity with antineoplastic drugs that are ABCG2 substrates, and also a photosensitivity resembling protoporphyria. Like other members of the ABC family, such as MDR1 and MRP1, ABCG2 is expressed in a variety of malignancies. Despite numerous reports of ABCG2 expression in AML, there is little evidence that ABCG2 expression is correlated with an adverse clinical outcome. This review will focus on the potential usefulness of ABCG2 as a marker primitive stem cells and possible physiologic roles of ABCG2 in protection of primitive stem cell populations, and potential methods of overcoming ABCG2-associated drug resistance in anticancer therapy.     

超微氧化铁纳米粒子通过强化自噬机制抑制人肝细胞癌HepG2细胞的迁移和侵袭

目的:探讨超微氧化铁纳米粒子(ultrasmall iron oxide nanoparticle,USIONP)对人肝细胞癌HepG2细胞迁移和侵袭的影响及其可能的机制.方法:采用粒径分析仪和透射电镜分别分析USIONP的水合粒径和核心粒径,Zeta电位和胶体稳定性实验分析USIONP的分散性及其稳定性以鉴定USIO...     

miR-124 通过靶向BECN1 基因调控细胞自噬抑制食管癌KYSE170 细胞的侵袭和迁移

目的：探讨miR-124 通过调控细胞自噬对食管癌KYSE170 细胞侵袭和迁移能力的影响。方法：食管癌KYSE170 细胞转染miR-124 mimic,Transwell 实验检测细胞侵袭和迁移能力的变化,双荧光素酶报告基因验证miR-124 对BECN1(Beclin1)基因的靶向调控作用,Western blotting 分析对BECN1、P62 及LC3 蛋白表达水平的影响。向KYSE170 细胞中转染BECN1 siRNA沉默BECN1 的表达,Transwell 法检测细胞侵袭及迁移能力的变化,Western blotting 检测BECN1、P62 及LC3 蛋白的表达。将miR-124 mimic 与BECN1 过表达质粒共转染至KYSE170 细胞,Transwell 实验检测细胞侵袭及迁移能力的变化,Western blotting 检测自噬相关基因表达的变化。结果：转染miR-124 mimic 后,KYSE170 细胞的侵袭和迁移能力下降(P<0.05),BECN1 蛋白及荧光素酶报告基因活性均明显下调(均P<0.01),自噬相关蛋白P62 表达增高,LC3 表达水平明显降低(均P<0.01)。沉默BECN1 表达抑制食管癌细胞侵袭及迁移(P<0.01),而过表达BECN1 使miR-124 mimic 对KYSE170 细胞自噬、侵袭和迁移能力的抑制作用明显减弱(P<0.01),自噬相关蛋白P62 表达降低、LC3 蛋白表达水平明显升高(均P<0.01)。结论：miR-124 能够抑制食管癌细胞侵袭及迁移能力,其机制可能与靶向调控自噬相关基因BECN1 的表达影响细胞自噬有关。     

ABCG2 overexpression in colon cancer cells resistant to SN38 and in irinotecan-treated metastases

Overcoming drug resistance has become an important issue in cancer chemotherapy. Among all known mechanisms that confer resistance, active efflux of chemotherapeutic agents by proteins from the ATP-binding cassette family has been extensively reported. The aim of the present study was to determine the involvement of ABCG2 in resistance to SN38 (the active metabolite of irinotecan) in colorectal cancer. By progressive exposure to increasing concentrations of SN38, we isolated 2 resistant clones from the human colon carcinoma cell line HCT116. These clones were 6- and 53-fold more resistant to SN38 than the HCT116-derived sensitive clone. Topoisomerase I expression was unchanged in our resistant variants. The highest resistance level correlated with an ABCG2 amplification. This overexpression was associated with a marked decrease in the intracellular accumulation of SN38. The inhibition of ABCG2 function by Ko143 demonstrated that enhanced drug efflux from resistant cells was mediated by the activity of ABCG2 protein and confirmed that ABCG2 is directly involved in acquired resistance to SN38. Furthermore, we show, for the first time in clinical samples, that the ABCG2 mRNA content in hepatic metastases is higher after an irinotecan-based chemotherapy than in irinotecan-naive metastases. In conclusion, this study supports the potential involvement of ABCG2 in the development of irinotecan resistance in vivo.     

miR-489抑制结直肠癌细胞的侵袭转移

目的:探究miR-489在结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)中的表达情况及其临床意义,并进一步探究miR-489对CRC细胞的侵袭迁移的作用.方法:应用Real-time PCR检测miR-489在CRC组织和细胞系中的表达情况;分析miR-489与CRC临床病理特征的关系;应用Transwell实验探究miR-489对CRC细胞的侵袭与迁移能力的影响;Western blot探究miR-489对CRC细胞上皮-间质转化(epithelial to mesenchymal transition,EMT)的作用.结果:Real-time PCR结果显示miR-489在CRC组织和细胞系中均为显著性低表达(P＜0.05);统计学分析显示miR-489的表达量与CRC的静脉浸润、浸润深度以及淋巴结转移呈显著相关(P＜0.05);Transwell实验结果显示miR-489能够抑制CRC细胞的侵袭与迁移;Western blot结果显示miR-489能够抑制CRC细胞的EMT.结论:miR-489在CRC中为低表达,其能够通过抑制CRC细胞的侵袭、迁移与EMT发挥其抗CRC作用.