莪术抗癌作用原理的初步实验研究——Ⅲ.体外杀瘤作用的进一步观察

莪术对一些恶性肿瘤特别是宫颈癌的临床疗效已一再得到肯定,并在不断提高。体外试验表明:莪术油制剂及其提出的一些成份对小鼠艾氏腹水癌(ECA)细胞、L615细胞、腹水型肝癌细胞均有明显的抑制破坏作用;看来,莪术的这种直接杀瘤作用,很可能是实现其抗癌效应的一个重要机制。进一步研究莪术体外杀瘤作用的特点和机理,对深入探讨莪术抗癌作用的原理及提高莪术的抗癌效应,都具有一定的意义。     

苦参碱抗肿瘤活性研究进展

苦参是一味传统的中药,在我国药用历史悠久。苦参碱是苦参中主要有效活性成分之一,对各类肿瘤细胞均有较强的抑制作用,已被作为抗肿瘤药物进行了大量的研究。通过相关文献的筛选和分析发现,苦参碱主要通过抑制肿瘤细胞的迁移和侵袭、增殖、改变肿瘤细胞相关蛋白和癌基因的表达、干扰肿瘤细胞周期和诱导肿瘤细胞自噬、凋亡等作用机制,共同参与发挥对肺癌、乳腺癌、肝癌、胃癌、胰腺癌、前列腺癌、白血病、骨髓瘤等的抗癌活性。本文通过对苦参碱抗癌活性及作用机制的发掘,综述其作为抗癌剂的研究进展,为肿瘤的新药研发与临床应用提供有益启示。     

莪术抗癌作用原理的初步实验研究

自从莪术治疗子宫颈癌获得初步成效的报导发表以来,莪术抗癌作用的研究受到了各方面的重视,在临床应用、剂型改革、有效成分的分离等问题上都取得了一定的进展。我院在观察莪术抗癌临床疗效的同时,也开展了莪术抗癌作用的实验研究,对莪术抗癌作用的原理进行了初步探讨。实验表明:莪术不仅在体外对小白鼠艾氏腹水癌细胞具有直接的抑制、破坏作用,而且用莪术处理的艾氏腹水癌细胞能成功地使小白鼠获得明显的主动免疫,病理形态学的初步观察提示:这种获得性免疫与淋     

莪术醇对人胃癌SGC-7901细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的研究莪术醇对人胃癌SGC-7901细胞生物学特性的影响。方法用MTT法测定莪术醇对SGC-7901细胞增殖的影响,流式细胞仪检测莪术醇对SGC7—901细胞周期和细胞凋亡的影响。结果10、30、100μg／mL莪术醇均能够抑制胃癌SGC-7901细胞的增殖;莪术醇能使S和G2／M期肿瘤细胞比例减少,G0／G1期肿瘤细胞比例增加,其中100μg／mL浓度的莪术醇作用最强（F=88．14,P〈0．01）;莪术醇诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,其中100μg/mL浓度的莪术醇凋亡作用最强（F=34．14,P〈0．01）。结论莪术醇诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖,     

莪术醇抗肿瘤研究进展

莪术醇是近年来发现的新的抗肿瘤中药单体之一,特别是莪术醇药物的有效性和低毒性,使其在肿瘤治疗中的研究越来越受到人们的重视。莪术醇的抗肿瘤机制尚未完全明确,可能与诱导细胞凋亡、细胞分化,影响细胞膜电位、肿瘤细胞核代谢以及抑制血管生成等作用有关。     

山仙颗粒抑制肿瘤作用机制的研究概况

该研究对山仙颗粒抑制肝癌、肺癌、肉瘤、黑色素瘤等肿瘤的作用机制进行了综述,以期为山仙颗粒治疗恶性肿瘤提供依据。山仙颗粒是陕西中医药大学肿瘤学团队在中医辨证论治理论的基础上结合数十年的临床经验以及现代药理研究成果而研制的抗恶性肿瘤的纯中药制剂,主要由山楂、仙鹤草、西洋参、莪术、龟甲、鳖甲、延胡索、猪苓等组成,具有益气养阴、扶正培本及活血化瘀、消肿抗癌的功效,该制剂的药物组成体现了扶正不敛邪、祛邪不伤正的组方原则。山仙颗粒能有效抑制肝癌、肺癌、肉瘤、黑色素瘤等肿瘤的体内外生长与转移,减轻肿瘤患者临床症状,改善预后。其疗效机制与增强机体免疫功能、抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、促进肿瘤细胞发生凋亡、抑制肿瘤细胞侵袭与转移、抑制肿瘤血管形成等有关。     

山慈菇的化学成分及其抗肿瘤作用机制研究进展

山慈菇，味甘、微辛，归肝、脾经。研究表明，山慈菇的主要化学成分菲类化合物、联苄类化合物、芳香化合物及其苷类、糖及糖苷类化合物、萜类及甾体类化合物、黄酮类化合物等，具有抗菌、降压、治疗痛风、抗肿瘤以及阻断乙酰胆碱受体M3等作用。近年来，山慈菇由于良好的抗肿瘤活性，而在临床上被广泛应用。其抗癌机制涉及抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡、抑制肿瘤新生血管生成、抑制肿瘤细胞的侵袭和转移、增强机体免疫力等。本文将对山慈菇的化学成分及其抗肿瘤作用机制作一综述，以期为山慈菇的抗肿瘤机制及深入开发研究提供理论支持。     

干扰素抗肿瘤作用的研究

干扰素（Interferon,IFN）是一种细胞因子,有抗病毒、调节免疫以及抗肿瘤作用。干扰素主要通过抑制肿瘤细胞增生、促进肿瘤细胞凋亡、抑制癌基因表达、调节免疫、抗肿瘤血管生成、抑制肿瘤转移、与其他抗癌药物起协同作用、诱导肿瘤细胞分化等机制抗肿瘤。本文全面叙述了干扰素的抗肿瘤作用。     

部分抗癌中药对Hela细胞的抵制实验

中药对肿瘤的治疗作用主要通过两方面起作用 ,一是直接杀灭肿瘤细胞 ,二是提高机体抗癌能力 ,有的药物则两者兼备 ,就大多数抗肿瘤药物来说 ,是直接杀灭肿瘤细胞 ,阻止其分裂繁殖而起作用的。国外有不少实验室用体外培养的癌细胞进行药物试验 ,作为初选抗癌药物的一种重要途径。本实验用得较多的部分抗癌中药及对人参及其复方制剂进行了试验 ,斑鳌、七叶一枝花、半枝莲、莪术、石上柏、三棱、白花蛇舌草、青黛等也作了体外抗癌试验 ,以比较各种抗癌中药的作用。现将实验结果报告如下 :1　实验材料1 1　中药提取液人参为吉林边条参 ,用 70 %…     

莪术抗癌作用及其原理的实验研究

莪术是我国革命医务人员在文化大革命中发掘出来的抗癌中草药之一。从中医有关“活血化瘀”的基本理论出发,临床上将莪术用于恶性肿瘤(特别是宫颈癌)的治疗,并已获得初步成效。遵照毛主席关于“中国医药学是一个伟大的宝库,应当努力发掘,加以提高”的教导,近年来,我们对莪术的抗癌作用及其原理进行了初步的实验研究。结果发现:莪术不仅在体外对小白鼠艾氏腹水癌(ECA)细胞具有直接的抑制、破坏作用,而且用莪术处理的艾氏腹水癌细胞(莪术瘤苗)进行免疫后,可使昆明种(杂系)小白鼠获得明显的免疫保护作用。用615纯系小鼠的可移植性白血病L615为模型,进行体外抑制实验及主动免疫实验也获得了类似结果。本实验进一步表明:(1)莪术油本身在体外对L615     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.