远端胃大部切除后连续性空肠间置术对胃肠激素水平的影响

目的 通过建立成年Beagle犬远端胃大部切除模型,探讨远端胃大部切除连续空肠间置对Beagle犬胃肠激素的影响.方法 将24只成年Beagle犬随机分为连续性空肠间置组(连续间置组)、Billroth Ⅱ吻合组(毕Ⅱ组)、空肠孤立间置组(孤立间置组).应用酶联免疫法测定在远端胃大部切除术后分别行毕Ⅱ式、空肠孤立间置、连续间置术后犬血浆胃泌素、胃动素和胆囊收缩素的水平.结果 连续间置组术后2个月血浆胃泌素水平餐前为(2.2±0.7)ng/L、餐后为(3.9±0.8)ng/L,均低于术前的(3.8±1.0)ng/L、(5.3±1.6)ng/L,P＜0.05.连续空肠间置组术后2个月餐后血浆胃泌素水平为(3.9±0.8)ng/L,高于其他2组的(2.7±1.0)ng/L和(3.6±0.6)ng/L,P＜0.05;连续间置组术后2个月血浆胃动素水平餐前为(577±204)ng/L、餐后为(1003±209)ng/L,均高于术前的(429±128)ng/L、(854±218)ng/L,P＜0.05.连续间置组术后2个月餐后血浆胃动素水平为(1003±209)ng/L,高于其他2组的(840±205)ng/L、(986±189)ng/L,P＜0.05;连续间置组术后2个月血浆胆囊收缩素水平为(19.6±2.0)ng/L,高于术前的(19.0±2.0)ng/L,P＜0.05,低于其他2组的(22.2±2.1)ng/L、(20.1±2.5)ng/L.结论 远端胃大部切除术后行连续性空肠间置能使犬血浆胃动素和胃泌素在术后维持一个相对较高的水平,而血浆胆囊收缩素则维持一个相对较低的水平.     

远端胃大部切除术后不同消化道重建方式对糖耐量及胰岛素反应的对比研究

目的评估远端胃大部切除术后连续性空肠间置对餐后血糖和胰岛素的影响。方法将38只比格犬行远端胃大部切除术,根据不同消化道重建方式分为连续间置组（9只）、毕Ⅰ组（6只）、毕Ⅱ组（7只）、孤立间置组（8只）和对照组（8只）。通过口服糖耐量试验检测各组实验犬血糖和胰岛素水平的变化。结果与对照组相比,葡萄糖灌注后各消化道重建组血糖均显著升高,60min达到峰值．尤以毕Ⅱ组升高最为显著：之后血糖开始回落．以毕Ⅱ组回落最为缓慢。与对照组相比．葡萄糖灌注后各消化道重建组胰岛素水平均显著升高．60min达到峰值．但毕Ⅱ组升高不如其他3组显著。结论保留十二指肠食物通道（连续空肠间置、毕Ⅰ和孤立间置）有利于缓和远端胃大部分切除术后餐后血糖的波动．并提高相应胰岛素水平：对于胃大部切除术后不能行毕Ⅰ重建者．可优先考虑行连续性空肠间置。     

全胃切除消化道重建的动物实验研究

目的 通过建立大鼠全胃切除模型,探讨全胃切除术后合理的消化道重建方式. 方法 SD雄性大鼠60只,随机均分为Roux-en-Y组(RY组)、近端空肠储袋组(PJP组)、远端空肠储袋组(DJP组)、双空肠储袋组(TJP组)、十二指肠空肠储袋间置组(DJPI组)和剖腹探查组(L组)6组,观察和比较术后大鼠体重、肠道排空距离、食管空肠吻合口黏膜病理改变以及小肠黏膜形态学变化.结果 各组术后2周大鼠体重均较术前明显减轻(P＜0.05),术后第 4周及8周体重开始逐渐恢复,PJP组、TJP组和DJPI组均较RY组恢复好(P＜0.05). PJP组与RY组相比,肠道排空距离缩短,排空减慢(P＜0.05). 在小肠黏膜形态改变方面,TJP组和DJPI组与RY组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05). 在返流性食管炎方面各组间差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05). 结论近端和双空肠储袋吻合术是全胃切除后消化道重建的理想术式,十二指肠空肠储袋间置术也如此,但与前两者比无明显优势.     

全胃切除术后四种消化道重建术式的比较分析

目的 探讨全胃切除术后最适宜的消化道重建术式.方法 将2005年1月至2007年12月间天津医科大学附属肿瘤医院收治的159例胃肿瘤患者按全胃切除术后重建消化道方式的不同,分为A组（功能性连续空肠间置贮袋代胃,46例）、B组（改良BraunⅡ式,38例）、C组（P形空肠袢食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术,25例）和D组（Orr式空肠食管Roux-en-Y吻合术,50例）.比较4组患者术后1年生活质量、营养状况及并发症情况.结果 4组患者术后近期并发症发生率的差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.术后1年,A组患者生活质量（Visick分级指数）优于其他3组,而D组则劣于其他3组（均P＜0.05）.A组患者单餐进食量及体质量、血红蛋白、总蛋白增加幅度高于其他3组,而D组则低于其他3组（均P＜0.05）.4组患者预后营养指数比（PNIR）分别为1.21±0.15、1.14±0.97、1.15±0.16和1.10±0.16,A组高于其他3组,D组低于其他3组（均P＜0.05）.A组患者倾倒综合征、反流性食管炎、Roux-en-Y滞留综合征发生率分别为4.3%（2/46）、2.2%（1/46）和2.2%（1/46）,均显著低于其他3组（均P＜0.05）.结论 全胃切除术后功能性连续空肠间置贮袋代胃可有效改善患者营养、降低术后并发症、提高生活质量,是一种较好的消化道重建术式.     

胃十二指肠吻合口异常肌电活动对胃排空的影响

目的 探讨胃十二指肠吻合口临近区域的肌电活动对胃排空功能的影响.方法 将32只SD大鼠分成两组,实验组（16只）行幽门切除加胃十二指肠吻合术,吻合口两侧植入电极,对照组（16只）行假手术并于幽门两侧植入电极.记录跨吻合口和幽门的肌电活动：用放射性核素法评估近端胃、远端胃排空功能.结果 术后1周,实验组和对照组胃慢波频率分别为（0.8±1.4）次/min和（3.3±1.2）次/min（P＜0.01）,十二指肠慢波频率分别为（2.1±0.6）次/min和（11.1±0.7）次/min（P＜0.01） 两组均未见跨越吻合口的慢波传导.术后12～16周,两组胃慢波频率分别为（8.7±0.6）次/min和（4.0±0.4）次/min（P＜0.01）,十二指肠慢波频率分别为（11.1±0.8）次/min和（10.8±0.7）次/min（P＞0.05） 实验组十二指肠的慢波通过吻合口向胃传导,亦可见到胃慢波通过吻合口向十二指肠的传导.术后12～16周,实验组和对照组平均近端胃半排空时间分别为14.7 min和13.6 min（P＞0.05）,平均胃内核素残留率分别为25.4%和39.4%（P＞0.05）：平均远端胃半排空时间分别为25.3 min和10.5 min（P＜0.01）,平均胃内核素残留率分别为46.4%和18.7%（P＜0.01）.结论 胃肠吻合口区域肌电活动异常是导致幽门切除术后胃排空延迟的重要原因之一.     

开放胃癌远端胃切除消化道重建术式选择与注意事项

远端胃癌胃切除术后消化道重建可以选择Billroth Ⅰ（BⅠ）式、Billroth Ⅱ（BⅡ）式、Roux-en-Y（RY）吻合、双通路法以及空肠间置重建.BⅠ式是临床最常用的术式,其主要优点是保持了食物正常的十二指肠通路.与RY吻合比较,BⅡ式最主要的缺点是可能发生倾倒综合征.与BⅠ式比较,RY吻合虽然可以显著降低返流性残胃炎、食管炎的发生,但是在保持体重及改善营养状态方面并不具备优势.双通路法在具备了减少返流性残胃炎、食管炎的优点的同时又保留了食物正常十二指肠通路空肠间置克服了上述吻合的几乎所有缺点,但是操作复杂,手术时间长,术后可能发生吻合口溃疡.     

全胃切除术后不同消化道重建方式对比格犬小肠动力影响的机制研究

目的研究全胃切除术后不同消化道重建术式对犬小肠动力的影响。方法将13只比格犬分为对照组（3只,仅行假手术）,全胃切除后采用功能性间置空肠进行消化道重建（FJI组,7只）和全胃切除后采用Roux-en-Y吻合进行消化道重建（RY组,3只）。手术后48h处死比格犬。处死前1h灌人活性炭,检测小肠转运率。取吻合口上下5cm的小肠,分别应用苏木精一伊红染色、免疫组织化学染色和干涉显微镜观察和检测小肠炎性反应,小肠组织卡哈尔细胞（ICC）分布及上皮凋亡情况。结果对照组和FJI组的小肠转运率分别为0．14±0．03和0．32±0．11,显著低于RY组（0．52±0．21,P〈0．05）。FJI组较RY组的小肠分布更多的ICC;FJI组的小肠浆膜炎性反应（包括出血、纤维渗出、溃疡）、中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞浸润以及小肠上皮细胞凋亡情况均不如RY组明显。结论减少手术创伤、保持小肠连续性的功能性间置空肠吻合消化道重建方式,具有更好的食物储存功能,有利于术后小肠动力的恢复。     

Billroth I和Billroth Ⅱ及Roux—Y术后液体胃排空和生活质量的改变

目的 探讨Billroth I、Billroth Ⅱ和Roux-Y术后液体胃排空变化以及对生活质量的影响。方法 应用锝^99m-植酸钠（^99mTc-PHY)液体核素餐和γ闪烁成像仪SPECT,测定35只SD大鼠液体胃排空以及体重和血清白蛋白后,随机分成5组：假手术组（SG）;剖腹探查组（LG）;远端胃切除、胃十二指肠吻合组（Billroth I group,B IG);远端胃切除、胃空肠吻合组（Billroth Ⅱ group,BⅡG),远端胃切除、胃空肠Roux-Y吻合组（R－Y group,R-YG)。术后第4、8和16周重复胃液体排空、体重和血清白蛋白测定。结果 SG16周内液体胃排空无显著性改变（P＞0．05）;LG第4周液体胃排空明显延迟（P＜0．01）,第8周恢复到术前水平（P＞0．05）;BIG、BⅡG和R－YG术后第16周液体胃排空均未恢复到术前标准（P＜0．01）;体重恢复BIG和R－YG较BⅡG好（P＜0．01）。结论 （1）剖腹探查能暂时性抑制液体胃排空;（2）BI、BⅡ和R－Y术后存在明显的液体胃排空延迟现象;（3）术后体重恢复以BI最好,R－Y次之,BⅡ较差。     

托烷司琼不同给药方式对术后镇痛恶心、呕吐的预防作用

目的 比较托烷司琼的不同给药方式对术后曲马多静脉自控镇痛患者恶心、呕吐的预防作用.方法 选择气管内全麻下择期腹部手术患者240例,ASAI或Ⅱ级,随机均分为四组.Ⅰ组术毕静脉连接患者自控镇痛（PCA）泵;Ⅱ组术毕静注5 mg托烷司琼后连接PCA泵;Ⅲ组术毕静注2 mg托烷司琼后连接PCA泵（PCA泵内加托烷司琼3 mg）;Ⅳ组术毕连接PCA泵（PCA泵内加托烷司琼5 mg）.PCA泵药物配制：900 mg曲马多加生理盐水配至总容量为100 ml.分别于术后2、4、8、20、36和48 h观察患者恶心、呕吐的发生情况.结果 （1）与Ⅰ组比较,Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组在术后2、4 h恶心的发生率明显降低（P＜0.05）;与Ⅳ组比较,Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组术后2、4和8 h恶心的发生率明显降低（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）.（2）与Ⅰ组比较,Ⅱ组在术后2、4、8和36 h呕吐的发生率明显降低（P＜0.05）;Ⅲ组在术后2、4、8、36和48 h呕吐的发生率明显降低（P＜0.05）;与Ⅱ组比较,Ⅲ组在术后48h呕吐的发生率明显降低（P＜0.05）;Ⅳ组在术后2、4、8 h呕吐的发生率明显高于Ⅱ组（P＜0.05）;Ⅲ组在术后2、4和48 h呕吐的发生率明显低于Ⅳ组（P＜0.05）.结论 术毕单次注射2 mg托烷司琼,并通过PCA泵持续输注可在术后48 h内有效预防恶心、呕吐的发生;术毕单次注射5 mg托烷司琼,术后短时间内可预防恶心、呕吐,但术后48 h已无此作用;而通过PCA泵中持续输注5mg托烷司琼不能预防恶心、呕吐.     

毕Ⅱ式联合Braun吻合与单纯毕Ⅱ式吻合在全腹腔镜下远端胃癌根治术中的疗效比较

目的探讨全腹腔镜下远端胃癌根治术中毕Ⅱ式吻合联合Braun吻合的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析笔者所在医院2012年6月至2014年6月期间收治的行全腹腔镜下远端胃癌根治术的186例远端胃癌患者的临床资料,根据术中消化道重建方式分为毕Ⅱ式+Braun吻合组86例和毕Ⅱ式吻合组100例,比较2组患者的临床疗效。结果毕Ⅱ式+Braun吻合组和毕Ⅱ式吻合组患者的手术时间、消化道重建时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间及住院时间比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),而毕Ⅱ式+Braun吻合组的碱性反流性胃炎、十二指肠残端瘘、吻合口炎及术后胃瘫综合征的发生率均低于毕Ⅱ式吻合组(P0.05)。结论在全腹腔镜下远端胃癌根治术中,毕Ⅱ式联合Braun吻合的应用减少了术后碱性反流性胃炎、十二指肠残端瘘、吻合口炎及术后胃瘫综合征的发生,是改善胃癌患者术后生存质量较理想的手术方式。     

Jejunal interposition to prevent postgastrectomy syndromes

BACKGROUND: Postgastrectomy syndromes include reflux gastritis and oesophagitis, dumping syndrome, intractable diarrhoea and afferent loop syndrome. To prevent such syndromes, since January 1994 jejunal interposition has been used following distal gastrectomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefit of this procedure. METHODS: A consecutive series of 42 patients who underwent distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer was studied. Twenty-two patients had a Billroth I procedure before January 1994, and 20 patients had isoperistaltic jejunal interposition using a 10-12-cm segment after January 1994. RESULTS: The mean operating time was 260 min for Billroth I and 352 min for jejunal interposition. No serious postoperative complications arose. Reflux gastritis occurred in 19 patients after Billroth I but in none after jejunal interposition. Five patients in the Billroth I group had complaints consistent with dumping syndrome, compared with none after jejunal interposition. The barium gastric emptying time was significantly shorter after Billroth I (mean(s.d.) 269(225)s) than after jejunal interposition (736(479) s) (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Jejunal interposition prevented reflux gastritis and inhibited rapid gastric emptying. Postgastrectomy syndromes were effectively prevented by this reconstruction procedure.     

胃次全切除术后不同消化道重建方式对胃癌患者血浆ghrelin水平的影响

目的探讨胃次全切除术后不同的消化道重建方式对血浆ghrelin水平的影响,以及ghrelin与BMI之间的关系。方法收集81例行根治性手术的T1-3N0M0远端胃癌患者,根据消化道重建方式的不同分为毕Ⅰ式组（30例）、毕Ⅱ式组（25例）和Roux—en—Y组（26例）。分别在术前、术后1d、1周、半年及1年测定血浆ghrelin水平及BMI。结果术后1d,毕Ⅰ式、毕Ⅱ式和Roux-en-Y3组患者ghrelin水平分别为术前水平的（34．2±5．2）％、（37．7±4．7）％和（36．5±4．9）％;术后1周分别为（52．6±6．5）％、（48．3±5．7）％和（48．1±6．0）％,3组比较差异均无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。术后半年,3组患者ghrelin水平分别为术前水平的（91．7±7．5）％、（80．4±8．1）％和（75．3±8．3）％;术后1年分别为（95．3±5．1）％、（84．5＋6．3）％和（79．9±6．7）％;毕Ⅰ式组ghrelin水平显著高于其他两组（均P〈O．01）,毕Ⅱ式组高于Roux-en—Y组均（P〈0．05）。术后1年3组患者BMl分别下降了（2．1±1．1）％、（4．5±1．9）％和（5．7±1．8）％,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）：3组患者ghrelin下降幅度与BMI下降幅度均存在线性相关（均P〈0．01）。结论符合解剖生理的毕Ⅰ式消化道重建更加有利于术后血浆ghrelin水平的代偿性恢复;胃次全切除术后血浆ghrelin水平的下降是导致患者体质量减轻的重要原因。     

连续性空肠间置在胃次全切除术消化道重建中的应用研究

目的 探讨胃次全切除术时采用连续性空肠间置完成消化道重建的临床效果。方法 远端胃癌患者34例，随机分成两组，A组16例，B组18例。胃次全切除后，A组行残胃与空肠、十二指肠与空肠的端侧吻合，再行空肠侧侧吻合，将胃空肠吻合的输入袢空肠和十二指肠空肠吻合口的输出袢空肠分别结扎阻断，形成完整的连续性间置空肠代胃。B组行Billroth Ⅱ式消化道重建。比较两组患者术后并发症发生率和死亡率；术后1年比较两组患者的Visiek分级指数、血浆白蛋白水平、每餐进食量和体重，并用胃镜检查残胃和吻合口情况。结果 两组患者术后均未出现并发症。术后1年观察，Visiek分级指数两组比较，u=2．1，P〈0．05；差异有统计学意义。A组所有患者平均每日进食量均在术前水平的85％以上，B组只有14人达到该水平。两组手术前后体重减少值比较，t=-2．181，P〈0．05；差异有统计学意义。两组手术前后血浆白蛋白变化值对比，差异有统计学意义（t=2．125，P〈0．05）；A组在1年后显著增加，与术前相比（t=-2．175，P〈0．05）差异有统计学意义。手术后1年胃镜复查，A组残胃未发现胆汁反流，吻合口通畅，吻合口黏膜和间置空肠无充血、水肿，而B组发现残胃内胆汁潴留11例（61．1％），吻合口炎症13例（72．2％），吻合口溃疡2例（11．1％）。结论 连续性空肠间置能够恢复消化道生理通道并避免反流性胃炎的发生。     

Evaluation of gastroesophageal reflux disease following various reconstructive procedures for a distal gastrectomy

Background and aims Some patients develop gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) after a distal gastrectomy. In these patients, the evaluation of GERD with 24-h pH monitoring could be difficult because they may have an insufficient amount of gastric acid.Patients and methods To evaluate GERD following a distal gastrectomy, we retrospectively evaluated 38 patients postoperatively with an acid reflux test (ART), a barium study, endoscopy, and esophageal manometry. Three reconstructive procedures, Billroth I (B-I group: 14 patients), Billroth II (B-II group: 11 patients), and jejunal interposition (interposition group: 13 patients) were compared with respect to GERD and short- term operation results.Results Operation time and postoperative hospital stay were longest in the interposition group. Reflux symptoms were present in ten patients (26%). The ART, barium study and endoscopy demonstrated evidence of GERD in 22 (58%), 10 (26%) and 4 (11%) of the 38 patients, respectively. The frequency of a positive ART in the interposition group was significantly lower than in both the B-I and the B-II groups. The abdominal length of the lower esophageal sphincter in the interposition group was higher than that in the B-II group (P<0.05).Conclusion Although jejunal interposition required longer operation time and hospital stay, the lower esophageal sphincter function following jejunal interposition appears to be superior to that following a Billroth-I or Billroth-II procedure.     

Effects of vagotomy and gastrectomy on pancreatic glucagon release.

The effects of gastrectomy and vagotomy on pancreatic glucagon release were investigated clinically. The study included 20 men and eight women, who ranged in age from 28 to 69 years, and who were divided into the following four groups: 1) patients with gastroduodenal ulcers treated with partial gastrectomy, by the Billroth I method, whose hepatic branch was preserved (n = 7). 2) Patients with gastroduodenal ulcers treated with partial gastrectomy, by the Billroth II method, whose hepatic branch was preserved (n = 7). 3) Patients with gastric carcinoma treated with subtotal gastrectomy, by the Billroth I method. In these cases lymphadenectomy required section of the hepatic branch (n = 7). 4) Patients with gastric carcinoma treated with subtotal gastrectomy, by the Billroth II method. In these cases lymphadenectomy required section of the hepatic branch (n = 7). Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed in 10 patients, before operation, and in 28 gastrectomized and vagotomized patients. In the preoperative patients and in the first group, oral glucose (50g) suppressed pancreatic glucagon release, but in the other groups pancreatic glucagon levels were markedly increased.     

不同胃肠吻合方式对非肥胖型2型糖尿病大鼠的降糖作用

目的 观察不同胃肠吻合方式对非肥胖型2型糖尿病(T2DM)大鼠的治疗作用.方法 将24只雄性Goto-Kakizaki(GK)大鼠随机分3组,分别为Roux-en-Y式、毕Ⅱ式胃转流术组和毕Ⅰ式组,每组8只.检测术前(0周)及术后1、3、6、12、24周空腹血糖及空腹血清胰岛素水平,采用稳态模型法计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR).结果 与术前比较,毕Ⅰ式组空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、HOMA-IR术后1～24周未见明显变化(P＞0.05):而Roux-en-Y式、毕Ⅱ式组术后1～24周空腹血糖较术前显著降低(P＜0.01),术后24周,空腹血糖由(12.56±2.97)、(12.96±3.01)mmol/L下降到(7.87±0.75)、(9.21±1.53)mmol/L;空腹胰岛素术后1～24周未见明显变化(P＞0.05),HOMA-IR术后1～24周显著降低(P＜0.01),术后24周,HOMA-IR由(11.92±1.45)、(12.69±2.03)下降到(6.66±1.25)、(7.97±0.68).结论 毕Ⅰ式胃肠吻合术对2型糖尿病大鼠可能无治疗作用,Roux-en-Y式和毕Ⅱ式胃转流术可改善2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗程度,有效控制血糖水平,且Roux-en-Y式胃转流术疗效优于毕Ⅱ式胃转流术.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the effect after gastrojejunostomy with different types of anastomosis in an animal model of nonobese type 2 diabetes.Methods Twenty-four Goto-Kakizaki rats randomly underwent one of the following procedures:gastric bypass with different types of anastomosis of Roux-en-Y ( n = 8),Billroth Ⅱ ( n = 8 ) or Billroth Ⅰ ( n = 8 ).Rats were observed for 24 weeks after surgery.Fasting blood glucose and insulin level were tested at 0,1,3,6,12,24 weeks and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was done.Results As compared with preoperation,fasting blood glucose levels,the fasting blood insulin level and the HOMA-IR level had no significant change in Billroth Ⅰ rats during the entire follow-up period ( P ＞ 0.05).In both Roux-en-Y and Billroth Ⅱ groups,fasting blood glucose levels were significantly decreased as early as 1 week after surgery and then kept a similar level during the entire follow-up period (P＜0.01 ).Twenty-four weeks after operation,the fasting blood glucose levels was declined from (12.56 ±2.97),(12.96 ±3.01) mmol/L to (7.87 ±0.75),(9.21 ± 1.53) mmol/L;the fasting blood insulin levels were similar during the entire follow-up period ( P ＞0.05 ).The HOMA-IR level was significantly decreased after surgery in both Roux-en-Y and Billroth Ⅱ groups during the follow-up period ( P＜0.01 ).Twenty-four weeks after operation,the HOMA-IR level was declined from (11.92 ± 1.45),(12.69 ±2.03) to (6.66 ± 1.25),(7.97 ±0.68).Conclusion Billroth Ⅰ reconstruction after gastrectomy is not effective on diabetes control.Roux-en-Y and Billroth Ⅱ gastric bypass in a nonobese diabetic model were effective in terms of glucose control and improving insulin resistance.But Roux-en-Y gastric bypass seems to be more effective than Billroth Ⅱ gastric bypass on antidiabetes.     

近端胃癌患者根治性切除术后三种消化道重建方式的对比研究

目的比较胃底贲门癌患者根治性胃切除术后不同消化道重建术式的反流性食管炎发生情况及生活质量。方法前瞻性人组2010年2月至2011年8月间河南省肿瘤医院收治的、拟行根治性胃切除的123例胃底贲门癌患者,按照随机数字表法分为3组,每组41例,在根治性胃切除术后分别行空肠间置吻合术、食管残胃后壁吻合术及食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术。分别于术前和术后1月行胃排空试验和食管下段pH值测定以评估患者食管反流情况．追踪肝肾功能及血常规变化情况：于术前和术后12月评估患者肝肾功能及生活质量。结果3组患者手术前、后血常规和肝肾功能指标的变化均无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。术后空肠间置吻合组、食管残胃后壁吻合组和食管空肠Roux—en—Y吻合组分别有1例（2．4％）、10例（24．4％）和7例（17．1％）患者出现反流性食管炎症状,差异具有统计学意义（P=0．017）;分别有1例（2．4％）、7例（17．1％）和8例（19．5％）患者于上消化道钡餐造影检查时发现钡剂反流入食管,差异有统计学意义（P=0．046）;食管下段pH值分别为6．9±0．2、6.8±0．1和6．9±0．1,差异无统计学意义（P=0．196）。术后1年,3组患者在整体健康状况、躯体功能、情绪功能、疲劳、恶心呕吐、疼痛症状、便秘及腹泻方面的生活质量评分明显优于术前（均P〈0．05）;空肠间置吻合组患者在整体健康状况、情绪功能、恶心呕吐、便秘及腹泻方面的生活质量评分显著优于其他两组（均P〈0．05）。结论近端胃癌患者根治性胃切除术后采用空肠间置吻合术、食管残胃后壁吻合术及食管空肠Roux—en—Y吻合术均能够满足消化道重建的需要,能够有效地改善患者的生活质量;其中空肠间置吻合重建术在减少反流性食管炎的发生和提高患者生活质量方面的效果更为显著,是比较理想的近端胃癌根治术后消化道重建术式。     

Effect of reconstruction method on nutritional status after gastrectomy. Comparison of Roux-Y esophagojejunostomy and jejunum interposition

Body composition, postprandial symptoms and social performance were studied in 61 tumor-free patients after total gastrectomy and Roux-Y esophagojejunostomy (n = 30) or jejunal interposition (n = 31). Emptying of the gastric substitute and small bowel transit of a 99mTc-labeled solid test meal were measured by scintigraphy. Serum glucose levels, and immunoreactive insulin were measured simultaneously. The lowest postoperative weight was 73 +/- 2% of the pre-morbid weight in Roux-Y cases, and 77 +/- 2% after jejunal interposition, the weight at study was 82 +/- 2% respectively 87 +/- 1% of the premorbid weight (p less than 0.05). Of the patients younger than 60 years at operation only one third of the twelve Roux-Y cases had resumed their work, as compared to two thirds of the eighteen interposition cases (p = 0.056). The incidences of the postprandial symptoms were not different among the modes of reconstruction, except for a slightly higher incidence of late dumping in Roux-Y (17% vs. 10%). After correction for gender higher mean values of fat-free mass, total body water, and intracellular water were measured in interposition cases (bioelectric impedance analysis). The emptying half-time of the gastric substitute was 488 s in the Roux-Y group, and 378 s after interposition (p = 0.05), whereas the small bowel transit (median: 200 min) showed no differences between the groups. There was no correlation between t1/2 or small bowel transit and the nutritional data. Early dumping (p = 0.01) was the only symptom significantly associated with rapid emptying of the gastric substitute.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)