荧光原位杂交法与免疫组织化学法检测乳腺癌HER-2基因扩增及蛋白表达的对比研究

目的 比较桂林市荧光原位杂交法(FISH)和免疫组织化学法(IHC)检测乳腺癌组织中人表皮生长因子受体(HER-2)基因扩增及其蛋白表达情况的一致性,探讨FISH与IHC检测乳腺癌HER-2基因状态的临床意义.方法 应用IHC和FISH对50例乳腺癌患者HER-2蛋白表达、基因扩增情况及17号染色体倍体性进行检测,分析IHC与FISH检测HER-2基因状态的差异以及HER-2蛋白状态与17号染色体倍体性的相天性.结果 FISH与IHC结果 总的符合率为82.0%,两者之间存在较好的一致性(kappa=0.640),FISH检测IHC结果 为3+、2+和0/1+者的符合率分别为92.9%、70.0%和80.8%;IHC3+及2+者出现17号染色体多体性的几率比IHC0/1+者高(P<0.05).结论 FISH可以准确和稳定地检测乳腺癌组织中HER-2的基因状态及17号染色体倍体性;FISH检测IHC3+者符合率较高,FSH与IHC的差异主要在于IHC2+和IHC0/+组,IHC仅作为检测HER-2基因状态的初筛方法 ,而IHC结果 为2+或0/1+者的HER-2基因状态必须应用FISH进一步确定.     

荧光原位杂交法与免疫组织化学法检测乳腺癌HER-2基因扩增及蛋白表达的对比研究

目的比较桂林市荧光原位杂交法（FISH）和免疫组织化学法（IHC）检测乳腺癌组织中人表皮生长因子受体（HER-2）基因扩增及其蛋白表达情况的一致性．探讨FISH与IHC检测乳腺癌HER-2基因状态的临床意义。方法应用IHC和FISH对50例乳腺癌患者HER-2蛋白表达、基因扩增情况及17号染色体倍体性进行检测,分析IHC与FISH检测HER-2基因状态的差异以及HER-2蛋白状态与17号染色体倍体性的相关性。结果FISH与IHC结果总的符合率为82．0％．两者之间存在较好的一致性fkappa=0．6401,FISH检测IHC结果为3＋、2＋和0／1＋者的符合率分别为92．9％、70．0％和80．8％;IHC3＋及2＋者出现17号染色体多体性的几率比IHC0／1＋者高（P〈0．05）。结论FISH可以准确和稳定地检测乳腺癌组织中HER-2的基因状态及17号染色体倍体性：FISH检测IHC3＋者符合率较高,FISH与IHC的差异主要在于IHC2＋和IHC0／＋组,IHC仅作为检测HER-2基因状态的初筛方法．而IHC结果为2＋或0／1＋者的HER-2基因状态必须应用FISH进一步确定。     

乳腺浸润性癌组织人表皮生长因子受体-2基因扩增状态与蛋白表达的比较及其与临床病理特征的相关性

目的探讨乳腺癌组织中人表皮生长因子受体-2(HER2)蛋白表达和基因扩增的一致性及临床意义,并分析HER2基因扩增与临床病理特征的相关性。方法采用全自动免疫组化(IHC)及荧光原位杂交(FISH)的方法,分别检测101例乳腺浸润性癌患者的蛋白表达及基因扩增状态。分析2种不同检测方法结果的差异,并揭示其临床意义。结果 101例浸润性乳腺癌中, IHC显示HER2蛋白1例为(-), 6例为(+), 81例为(++), 13例为(+++)。FISH显示HER2基因无扩增为75例, HER2基因有不同程度的扩增为26例。HER2蛋白(-)的1例及(+)的6例HER2基因均无扩增, HER2蛋白(++)的81例中HER2基因扩增的有14例, HER2蛋白(+++)的13例中HER2基因扩增的有12例。101例中FISH检测共发现9例17号染色体多体。FISH和IHC 2种检测方法的差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。FISH结果与患者的年龄相关(P0.05),与肿瘤组织学分级、肿瘤最大径、Ki67表达及患者腋窝淋巴结转移情况均无相关性(P0.05)。结论 IHC与FISH具有较高的一致性, IHC染色强度和基因扩增状态成正相关, IHC可作为临床使用赫赛汀的初筛方法,应联合应用FISH检测来确定临床用药及判断患者预后情况。     

乳腺癌HER-2检测方法比价及其与ER、PR、淋巴结转移的相关性分析

【目的】比较免疫组化（IHC）与荧光原位杂交（FISH ）检测乳腺癌 HER‐2的一致性;分析 HER‐2与 ER 、PR 及淋巴结转移的相关性。【方法】采用回顾性分析,统计本院2010年至2014年 IHC 法检测的1003例乳腺癌手术标本 HER‐2蛋白及 ER 、PR 的表达情况,其中434例浸润性癌行 FISH 检测 HER‐2基因扩增状态,比较 IHC 与 FISH 方法检测 HER‐2的差异;分析 IHC 与 FISH 检测乳腺癌 HER‐2与 ER 、PR 的相关性;同时分别分析 HER‐2蛋白表达情况及 HER‐2基因扩增情况与淋巴结转移的相关性。【结果】① IHC 检测1003例乳腺癌 HER‐2蛋白表达（处）阳性率为23．93％,其中行 FISH 检测的434例浸润性癌 HER‐2基因扩增率为26．27％;IHC 检测 HER‐2蛋白（处）的病例与 FISH 检测 HER‐2基因扩增符合率为85．71％;②HER‐2蛋白表达（处）和 HER‐2基因扩增均与 ER 、PR 表达呈显著负相关;③ HER‐2蛋白表达阳性（处）病例中淋巴结转移率为45．16％;HER‐2蛋白表达阴性（0／＋）病例中淋巴结转移率为46．99％,HER‐2蛋白表达可疑（触）病理中淋巴结转移率为49．45％,组间比较差异无统计学意义（ P ＝0．1398）;HER‐2基因扩增病例中淋巴结转移率为51．58％,HER‐2基因无扩增病例中淋巴结转移率为51．99％,两者差异无统计学意义（P ＝0．346）。【结论】IHC 检测 HER‐2蛋白（－）／（＋）和（处）的病例与 FISH 检测 HER‐2基因扩增有较好的一致性;HER‐2蛋白（触）的病例需要进一步行 FISH 检测确定 HER‐2基因扩增状态,以准确指导把向药物治疗;IHC 与 FISH 检测乳腺癌 HER‐2均与 ER 、PR 呈显著负相关性,与淋巴结转移无相关性。     

显色原位杂交(CISH)技术在检测乳腺癌HER-2/neu基因状态中的应用

目的 显色原位杂交(CISH)在检测乳腺癌患者组织中HER2基因状态的临床应用,比较CISH与免疫组化(IHC)检测HER2状态的差异性.方法 采用试剂盒,以cIsH方法对216例IHC EnVision法染色阳性和阴性的浸润非特异性乳腺癌石蜡切片标本进行HER2基因状态的检测.同时进行雌激素(ER)、孕激素(PR)表达的检测.结果 HER2表达IHC(+++)的111例标本中,IHC 3+者中CISH显示扩增者102例(扩增率91.1%),58例IHC 2+者中CISH显示扩增者33例(扩增率56.9%),17例I-HC 1+者中CIsH显示扩增者4例(扩增率23.5%),30例IHC 0者中CISH显示扩增者2例(扩增率6.6%),两种方法总符合率77.3%(167/216),两者明显相关(P<0.01).另外,216例标本中,CISH检测的HER2基因扩增例数142例,无扩增者74例;ER阳性者为88例,阴性者128例;PR阳性者为94例,阴性者122例.基因扩增表达与ER、PR蛋白表达呈负相关性性(0.01).结论 IHC是HER2表达初步筛查的首选方法,由于蛋白表达和基因扩增检测结果存在明显相关性,符合率高,CISH检测方法一定程度上可替代FISH检测法.建议IHC(+++～+1)患者可进一步作CISH法检测HER2基因扩增来确诊,同时进行ER、PR的检测,更有利于临床治疗方案的选择.     

乳腺癌Her-2/neu蛋白表达与基因扩增的相关性分析

目的:应用免疫组织化学(IHC)法和荧光原位杂交(FISH)法分析乳腺癌相关蛋白Her-2/neu表达情况及其与基因状态间的相关性,并探讨其临床价值。方法:采用PathVysionTM探针试剂盒中基因识别位点探针(LSI)Her-2/neu基因探针和着丝粒17探针(CEP 17),以FISH法分析96例浸润性乳腺癌患者的石蜡切片病理标本中17号染色体和Her-2/neu基因状态,并分析已经IHC证实的Her-2/neu不同表达水平与FISH结果间的一致性,同时分析Her-2/neu基因状态与相应蛋白表达水平间的关系。结果:96例浸润性乳腺癌患者的病理标本中,FISH法检测的Her-2/neu阳性率为26.0%。IHC检测结果为(-)或(+)者的FISH阳性率为13.2%(7/53),IHC(++)者的FISH阳性率为31.4%(11/35),IHC(+++)者的FISH阳性率为87.5%(7/8),三者都以Her-2/neu高度扩增(Her-2/neu/CEP17﹥10)为主。所有患者中17号染色体为非整体性者占45.8%(44/96),其中亚二体性(CEP17﹤2)占7.3%(7/96),多体性占38.5%(CEP17﹥2)(37/96)[包括低多体性(2     

双色荧光原位杂交技术检测乳腺癌石蜡切片人类表皮生长因子受体2基因扩增

目的:应用荧光原位杂交技术检测乳腺癌组织人表皮生长因子受体2(human epidermal growth factor receptor 2,Her-2)基因扩增情况.并对操作方法进行优化.方法:收集2008年4月至2008年10月期间我院乳甲科进行手术治疗的乳腺癌患者的癌组织病理切片,采用荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术检测Her-2基因扩增情况,并与免疫组化结果相比较,分析两者的相关性,同时优化操作方法.结果:收集的40例乳腺癌石蜡切片中,免疫组化检测Her-2蛋白表达(+++)有6例,(++)有22例,(+)有7例,(-)有5例.其中Her-2蛋白表达(+++)的标本FISH检测结果均为阳性,基因扩增与蛋白表达的符合率为100%;Her-2蛋白表达(++)的标本FISH结果有6例阳性,16例阴性,基因扩增与蛋白表达的符合率为27.3%.Her-2蛋白表达(+)及(-)的标本FISH结果均为阴性.Her-2蛋白表达(++)及以上的标本基因扩增与蛋白表达的符合率达到42.9%(r=0.584,P＜0.01).结论:FISH检测乳腺癌Her-2基因扩增的结果与IHC检测的蛋白表达结果符合率较好,可作为乳腺癌Her-2基因检测的一项新技术;在具体操作时,应注意严格控制切片厚度、消化时间及变性杂交温度等因素.     

乳腺癌HER-2基因扩增和蛋白表达与ER、PR的关系及临床意义

目的探讨HER-2基因及其蛋白在乳腺癌中扩增及表达状况,并研究其与ER、PR的相关性。方法用FISH技术和IHC技术检测51例乳腺癌新鲜标本中的HER-2基因的扩增及蛋白表达情况,并检测ER、PR进行对比分析。结果51例中10例HER-2蛋白表达强阳性（＋＋＋）,6例阳性（＋＋）,2例弱阳性（＋）,33例阴性,其中基因过表达率（IHC检测＋＋／＋＋＋）为31．4％;FISH检测中基因扩增14例,37例无扩增,扩增率为27．5％。IHC（＋＋／＋＋＋）与FISH检测符合率87．5％（P〈0．05）,ER、PR表达情况与HER-2基因及蛋白扩增呈负相关,ER和PR均为阴性的HER-2基因扩增率及蛋白表达率明显高于ER和（或）PR阳性的患者（IHC50％与24．3％,P〈0．05;FISH42．9％与19．4％,P〈0．05）。结论HER-2的扩增和蛋白过度表达提示乳腺癌预后不良,HER-2与ER、PR在乳腺癌的治疗中起重要作用,IHC可以作为检测HER-2基因状态的首选方法,但对于HER-2（＋＋）需要进一步进行FISH检测。     

探讨不同预处理方法对HER2基因荧光原位杂交效果的影响

正人类表皮生长因子受体2基因(HER2)定位于17号染色体,编码一种具有酪氨酸激酶活性的跨膜生长因子受体。研究表明,乳腺癌HER2基因扩增或蛋白过表达与疾病进展和不良预后相关,且是靶向治疗的靶点~([1])。目前指南推荐通过免疫组化技术(IHC)检测HER2蛋白的表达,或通过原位杂交技术(ISH)检测HER2基因~([2,3])。原位杂交技术分为显色原位杂交(CISH)和荧光原位杂交(FISH)~([4])。文献对     

乳腺癌HER-2、FISH分子病理检测技术及临床意义

目的:探讨乳腺癌HER-2、FISH分子病理检测技术及临床意义。方法:选取江苏省人民医院病理科2017年8月份分析的100个乳腺癌HER-2阳性蜡块为研究对象,分别采用免疫组化技术(IHC)和荧光原位杂交技术(FISH)对蜡块标本中的HER-2基因扩增以及HER-2蛋白表达进行比对分析。结果:FISH检HER-2基因扩增阳性30例(30%),IHC检测蛋白表达(-^+)80例,HER-2蛋白表达(++)4例,HER-2蛋白表达(+++)8例。结论:IHC检测HER-2蛋白表达(++^+++)与FISH检测HER-2基因的扩增具有很高的一致性。乳腺癌HER-2 FISH分子病理检测技术对乳腺癌诊断及分型、发生、发展,对于IHC(++^+++)者需要进一步进行FISH检测,提高检测的准确性。     

Measurement of L-carnitine and acylcarnitines in body fluids and tissues in children and in adults

We have developed a reliable and validated radio-enzymatic method for the assay of L-carnitine and acylcarnitines, using a modification of existing methods. The sensitivity of the assay is 10 mumol/l using 10 microliters of plasma or urine. It is also suitable for measurements of carnitine in a 10 mg sample of liver or muscle obtained by percutaneous biopsy. The use of N-ethylmaleimide in the reaction mixture together with an excess of [1-14C]acetyl CoA ensures that the reaction proceeds to completion and a linear response is obtained. Using this method control ranges have been established for plasma and urine carnitine concentrations in healthy children and adults, and for the carnitine content of liver and muscle in adults. No significant difference was found between fasting and post-prandial plasma carnitine levels. An age-related increase was found in urinary total carnitine and acylcarnitine concentration throughout childhood. These data provide a reliable basis for studies of patients with abnormal carnitine and acylcarnitine metabolism, distribution and excretion.     

Rosamicin in Urethral and Vaginal Secretions and Tissues in Dogs and Rats

In animal studies we investigated the distribution of rosamicin in plasma and urethral and vaginal tissues in rats as well as in urethral and vaginal secretions in dogs. We found concentration ratios between urethral secretion and plasma of 1.9 and between vaginal secretion and plasma of 2.4. The rosamicin concentrations in urethral and vaginal tissue significantly exceeded the levels of all other tissues investigated. Because rosamicin could be valuable for the treatment of bacterial urethritis and the colonization of the vaginal introitus with fecal bacteria in women, it should be investigated clinically in this respect.     

Similarities and differences in clients treated and in medications prescribed by APRNs and psychiatrists in a CMHC

This study is part of a larger study comparing prescribing practices of psychiatrists and advanced practice psychiatric nurses (APRNs) using the following three groups of patients: patients treated by psychiatrists, those treated by APRNs, and those treated by both APRNs and psychiatrists at different times in 1 year. Demographics for 5507 patients were examined. A subsample of APRNs and psychiatrists prescribed similar total numbers of medications. Psychiatrists prescribed more types of antidepressant medications other than the SSRI antidepressants, and they prescribed more than twice the number of benzodiazepines. APRNs prescribed more SSRIs and spent more time with clients during medication visits.     

Postural strategies and falls in elderly and in parkinsonism]

OBJECTIVE: To use a posture analysis to show the evolution of postural pattern connected with falls.MATERIAL AND METHOD: It is a prospective study on two groups of 16 persons of more than 60 years. A group concerns 16 small disability off drug parkinsonian patients, a group concerns 16 healthy witnesses. All the persons benefited from a posture recording by means of a force platform and were followed during 1 year. RESULTS: Data analysis underlines three groups of persons corresponding to three postural patterns, independently of the presence of Parkinson disease. A group (n = 18) did not contain fallers, the second (n = 10 ) contained 20% of fallers, the third (n = 4) contained 100% of fallers. Differences between the groups were identified on 16 posturographic parameters. DISCUSSION: A group has a good functional value and one does not record any fall. Its characteristics, which correspond to a category of persons who compensate well for the phenomena of ageing, are found in the literature. A group has an intermediate functional value and regrets 20% of fallers. Kinetic profile reveals a tendency to the stiffness of the posture. This group is going to operate rather ankle strategies. A group has an inferior functional value and regrets 100% of fallers. Kinetic profile seems disrupted and not to be able to adapt itself in a satisfactory way to the situation otherwise than by stereotypical reactions. This group is going to operate systematically much less stabilizing hip strategies. CONCLUSION: A close determinism between physiological neuromotor ageing and Parkinson disease does exist. We showed with a prospective follow-up, the arisen of fall and showed the evolution of postural patterns related to fall. It appears as well that evolution mainly follows three stages leading from a small risk of fall gait pattern to a major risk of fall gait pattern.     

Racial differences in oxidative stress and inflammation: in vitro and in vivo

African American race is an independent risk factor for enhanced oxidative stress and inflammation. We sought to examine whether oxidative-stress and inflammatory markers that are typically measured in humans also differ by race in cell culture. We compared levels between African American and Caucasian young adults and then separately in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) from both races. We found heightened oxidative stress and inflammation in the African Americans both in vitro and in vivo. African American HUVECs showed higher nitric oxide (NO) levels (10.8 ± 0.4 vs. 8.8 ± 0.7 μmol/L/mg, p = 0.03), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels (61.7 ± 4.2 vs. 23.9 ± 9.0 pg/mg, p = 0.02), and lower superoxide dismutase activity (15.6 ± 3.3 vs. 25.4 ± 2.8 U/mg, p = 0.04), and also higher protein expression (p < 0.05) of NADPH oxidase subunit p47phox, isoforms NOX2 and NOX4, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS), inducible NOS, as well as IL-6. African American adults had higher plasma protein carbonyls (1.1 ± 0.1 vs. 0.8 ± 0.1 nmol/mg, p = 0.01) and antioxidant capacity (2.3 ± 0.2 vs. 1.1 ± 0.3 mM, p = 0.01). These preliminary translational data demonstrate a racial difference in HUVECs much like that in humans, but should be interpreted with caution given its preliminary nature. It is known that racial differences exist in how humans respond to development and progression of disease, therefore these data suggest that ethnicity of cell model may be important to consider with in vitro clinical research.