前颅窝底脑膜瘤的手术治疗与颅底重建术

目的 探讨显微手术切除前颅窝底脑膜瘤及颅底重建的方法 与疗效.方法 回顾性分析69例经显微外科手术治疗前颅窝底脑膜瘤患者的临床资料,将其分为嗅沟区(32例)和鞍结节区(37例)二组,不同部位的肿瘤选择相对适宜的手术入路,术中尽量全切肿瘤,必要时行颅底重建术.结果 按照Simpson切除标准,该组Ⅰ级切除9例(13.04%);Ⅱ级切除50例(72.46%);Ⅲ/Ⅳ切除10例(14.49%),12例患者术中行颅底重建术.肿瘤全切除85.51%,次全切除14.49%,残余肿瘤术后行γ刀治疗,无手术死亡、脑脊液漏、颅内感染及其他严重并发症.随访12～24个月,未见肿瘤复发.肿瘤的全切除率与肿瘤部位有关,嗅沟区肿瘤的全切除率较高(93.75%).结论 根据肿瘤部位及侵袭范围采用不同的手术入路,适时予以必要的带蒂帽状腱膜或骨膜瓣进行颅底重建,可达到较好的远期生活质量.     

大型岩斜脑膜瘤的显微手术治疗

目的　对 12例大型岩斜脑膜瘤行乙状窦前入路的显微手术治疗 ,探讨该入路治疗岩斜脑膜瘤的要点。方法　总结岩斜脑膜瘤的临床表现、神经影像学特征和术中要点。结果　肿瘤全切除 10例 ,次全切除 1例 ,大部切除 1例 ,术后好转率 83.3%。结论　大型岩斜脑膜瘤首选乙状窦前入路 ,掌握术中暴露要点和分离技巧可提高手术疗效     

嗅沟脑膜瘤的显微外科手术治疗(附21例临床分析)

目的探讨嗅沟脑膜瘤显微外科手术治疗的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析显微手术治疗嗅沟脑膜瘤21例的临床治疗情况和随访资料,对嗅沟脑膜瘤的显微手术技巧和颅底重建方法进行探讨。结果 21例脑膜瘤显微手术,Simpson I级全切除19例(90.5%),SimpsonⅡ级全切除2例(9.5%)。术前视力变差的15例,术后视力改善14例,术后视力无改善1例;Simpson I级全切除的病例术后平均随访30个月未见肿瘤复发。结论应用显微外科手术全切除嗅沟脑膜瘤和严密的颅底重建,能够取得较好的临床疗效。     

颅脑脑膜瘤的诊断及治疗（附46例报告）

目的 介绍４６例颅底脑膜瘤的诊断和治疗,方法 分析４６例颅底脑膜瘤的临床及影像学特征,手术方法,手术结果,术后并发症等。结果 颅底脑膜瘤全切除３７例,次全切除９例,其中１２例采用显微手术,疗效优于直视手术,术后死亡２例,５例术后颅神经症状加重,２１例无任何神经损伤症状２０例颅神经症状同术前,结论 颅底脑膜瘤的手术治疗,熟悉颅底解剖选择良好入路可提高疗效,利用显微技术可提高全切除率,降低术后并发症和     

蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的显微手术治疗(附22例报告)

目的 探讨蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的手术入路、显微切除方式并总结手术治疗效果.方法 回顾分析22例蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的影像学资料、手术入路及显微手术治疗情况.结果 肿瘤全切(Simpson Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级)外侧型12例均全切除;内侧型10例中全切除7例,次全切除3例,无死亡.22例随访3月至3年,全切除的19例无复发.次全切除2例无变化,1例肿瘤增大.结论 正确的手术入路和良好的显露对外侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤手术可达全切.内侧型的治疗仍是一个难题,显微外科手术明显地提高了手术全切率,但对侵犯颈内动脉及海绵窦的肿瘤应在保全生命及保护好神经功能的前提下,尽量多切除肿瘤,残留肿瘤术后放疗.     

颅底脑膜瘤的诊断及治疗(附46例报告)

目的：介绍４６例颅底脑膜瘤的诊断和治疗。方法：分析４６例颅底脑膜瘤的临床及影像学特征、手术方法、手术结果、术后并发症等。结果：颅底脑膜瘤全切除３７例,次全切除９例,其中１２例采用显微手术,疗效优于直视手术,术后死亡２例。５例术后颅神经症状加重,２１例无任何神经损伤症状,２０例颅神经症状同术前。结论：颅底脑膜瘤的手术治疗,熟悉颅底解剖选择良好入路可提高疗效,利用显微技术可提高全切除率,降低术后并发症和颅神经损伤率     

前颅窝底巨大脑膜瘤的显微手术治疗

目的:总结前颅窝底巨大脑膜瘤的手术入路和切除方式,并分析特殊类型脑膜瘤的手术治疗方法。方法:回顾性分析2012至2014年间我科收治的21例前颅窝底巨大脑膜瘤病例的临床资料、手术经过及预后情况。结果:所有病例经影像学检查,并行显微手术治疗,肿瘤全切除(SimpsonⅠ、Ⅱ级切除)18例,近全切除3例,无死亡病例;除1例颅神经功能术前完全丧失外,术后神经功能改善者17例,无改善者2例,加重者1例。术后随访复查头颅MRI,肿瘤全切除组病例未见复发,近全切除有2例复发。结论:前颅窝底巨大脑膜瘤手术切除难度大,根据肿瘤部位选择正确手术入路,采用精细的显微外科技术,可取得良好的手术效果。     

鞍结节脑膜瘤的手术治疗体会和并发症的预防

目的探讨鞍结节脑膜瘤的手术入路及显微手术技巧。方法回顾性分析2000-2011年显微手术治疗的62例鞍结节脑膜瘤的临床资料和影像学特点。根据肿瘤大小、主体生长方向、与周围重要结构关系等选择不同的手术入路。结果51例鞍结节脑膜瘤经翼点入路,6例经额下入路,5例经额下翼点联合入路。SimpsonⅠ-Ⅱ级切除肿瘤55例(88.7%),SimpsonⅢ级切除7例(11.3%)。术后恢复良好者51例,优良率为82.2%;中度残疾6例(9.7%);重度残废2例(3.2%);死亡3例(4.8%)。结论详细的术前准备和个体化的手术入路以及良好的显微外科技巧,充分囊内切除肿瘤,术中注意视神经及重要血管的保护,可提高肿瘤全切率和减少并发症,达到良好的临床效果。     

显微手术治疗后颅窝天幕脑膜瘤的体会

目的 探讨后颅窝天幕脑膜瘤的临床特点与显微手术治疗体会.方法 回顾性分析21例天幕脑膜瘤病例的临床表现、影像学资料、手术方法 、切除程度及19例随访资料.结果按Simpson脑膜瘤切除分级,Ⅰ级切除5例(23.8%),Ⅱ级切除10例(47.6%),肿瘤次全切除3例(14.3%),肿瘤大部分切除3例(14.3%),手术后死亡2例.随访19例,恢复工作12例,生活自理4例,需他人帮助生活3例;有3例复发,其中1例经再次手术治愈.结论 熟悉局部显微解剖并熟练运用显微外科技术是取得手术成功的关键.天幕脑膜瘤显微手术切除可获较好的疗效,根据肿瘤的位置及周围结构受累的情况正确选择手术入路、切除方式、合理处理残留瘤,保护重要脑功能是切除肿瘤应遵循的基本原则.     

大脑镰旁脑膜瘤的显微外科治疗

目的探讨大脑镰旁脑膜瘤的手术方法和治疗效果。方法对手术治疗的22例大脑镰旁脑膜瘤患者的影像学资料、手术入路、显微手术切除肿瘤的方法及策略进行回顾性分析。结果按Simpson切除标准,Ⅰ级切除6例,Ⅱ级切除12例,Ⅲ级切除2例,Ⅳ级切除2例。随访1～2年,2例复发,无死亡病例。结论术前影像学评估,选择合适的手术入路和细致的显微操作,能明显提高肿瘤的全切除率,降低复发率和其他并发症发生。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.