结肠次全切除及盲肠直肠端侧吻合治疗慢传输型便秘

目的 探讨结肠次全切除及盲肠直肠端侧吻合术治疗结肠慢传输型便秘的可行性.方法 回顾性分析2006年3月至2013年4月间在兰州军区兰州总医院肛肠外科接受结肠次全切除及盲肠直肠端侧吻合术治疗的23例慢传输型便秘患者的临床疗效.结果 23例患者均成功实施手术治疗,术后发生吻合口瘘1例,尿潴留1例;无吻合口狭窄、腹腔内出血、腹腔内疝、肛门失禁等并发症发生.随访2月至7年,排粪次数维持在1～4次/d,无需加用止泻剂,排粪时间均可控制在5 min内,且无便秘症状复发.结论 结肠次全切除及盲肠直肠端侧吻合术是一种治疗结肠慢传输型便秘较为有效的方法.     

Laparoscopic subtotal colectomy with cecorectal anastomosis for slow-transit constipation

Subtotal colectomy with cecorectal anastomosis represents an interesting alternative to total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis. Several technical variants to the methods for performing the anastomosis between the cecum and the rectal stump after subtotal colectomy have been reported. The mechanical, antiperistaltic, end-to-end cecorectal anastomosis is safe and easy to perform. The authors aimed to assess the safety and feasibility of this technique performed laparoscopically in a series of four patients. All the procedures were completed laparoscopically. The mean time for surgery was 200 min (range, 180–220 min). There was no mortality and no postoperative complications. The mean hospital stay was 4 days (range, 3–5 days). This technique can be performed laparoscopically with all the advantages inherent to the minimally invasive approach.     

Laparoscopic subtotal colectomy with antiperistaltic cecorectal anastomosis: a new step in the treatment of slow-transit constipation

Background

Subtotal colectomy with antiperistaltic cecorectal anastomosis (SCCRA) has proved to be an effective alternative to total colectomy for the treatment of severe slow-transit constipation. The laparoscopic approach has made this procedure even more attractive. This is the first controlled trial on laparoscopic SCCRA. The study compares the laparoscopic and the open approach.

Methods

Since 2001, all SCCRAs have been performed laparoscopically at our institution. Only severely symptomatic patients are offered surgery, after stringent patient selection. Laparoscopic SCCRA was performed following the same steps that we first described for the open approach, by utilizing a five-trocar technique. Outcome parameters were prospectively collected every 3 and 6?months. Wexner constipation and incontinence scales (WCS, WI) and gastrointestinal quality of life index (GIQLI) were adopted for functional results. We conducted a case–control study of 15 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic SCCRA (VL) and 15 patients previously operated on by the open approach (Op) to compare postoperative and functional outcomes.

Results

The VL group had better postoperative outcomes (pain, ileus) while complication rates were similar. Resolution of constipation was impressive in both groups, with no significant difference at follow-up. The VL group presented with a higher number of bowel movements at 3?months (3.8 vs. 2.8, p?=?0.039), resulting in a significantly higher incontinence rate at 3?months (WI 6.4 vs. 2.73, p?=?0.004), although the difference was no longer significant at 1-year follow-up. The quality of life was good for both groups; the VL group showed a significant improvement at 1-year follow-up (64.18 vs. 114.79, p?Conclusions Laparoscopic SCCRA confirmed the good functional results of the open approach, with no increase in morbidity rate and a faster postoperative recovery. An early higher incontinence rate did not affect quality of life.     

Laparoscopically assisted subtotal colectomy with antiperistaltic cecorectal anastomosis

Several trials have demonstrated the efficacy, low morbidity, and clinical benefit of laparoscopy, as compared with laparotomy, for the treatment of benign colorectal disease. Slow-transit constipation, also defined as colonic inertia (CI), improves after colectomy, and we recently proposed a technique for subtotal colectomy with a novel antiperistaltic cecorectal anastomosis (CRA). In this article, we propose a technique for subtotal colectomy with CRA via a laparoscopic approach. This technique was used to treat two young women affected by CI. The operating time was 320 and 360 min, respectively. There was no postoperative morbidity. The length of postoperative hospital stay was 10 days. One month after CRA, bowel frequency was regular in both cases. Our results allow us to state that laparoscopically assisted subtotal colectomy with CRA is safe and effective for patients with CI.     

结肠次全切除逆蠕动盲直吻合术和结肠全切除回直吻合术治疗慢传输型便秘的疗效比较

目的比较结肠次全切除、逆蠕动盲直吻合术和结肠全切除回直吻合术治疗重度顽固性慢传输型便秘的疗效,方法分析1999年至2005年间收治的37例单纯慢传输型便秘患者患者4年的随访资料,比较结肠次全切除、逆蠕动盲直吻合术（结肠次全切除组,17例）和结肠全切除、回直吻合术（结肠全切除组,20例）后的排便功能。结果两组患者术前一般资料差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结肠次全切除组每天大便（2．4±0．9）次,显著低于结肠全切除组的每天大便（3．4±0．8）次（P=0．0014）。Wexner肛门失禁评分,结肠全切除组（4．3±1．8）高于结肠次全切除组（5．8±1．9）（P=0．0223）。结肠次全切除组患者术后钡灌肠结果显示盲肠及残余升结肠呈“储袋征”。结论与结肠全切除术相比,结肠次全切除、逆蠕动盲直吻合术可能是部分慢传输便秘患者更好的手术选择。     

腹腔镜辅助结肠次全切除经肛门取出标本治疗慢传输型便秘

目的：探讨腹腔镜辅助结肠次全切除、经肛门取出标本治疗慢传输型便秘的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析2013年2-11月间行腹腔镜辅助结肠次全切除、经肛门取出标本并进行升结肠直肠吻合术的8例慢传输型便秘患者的临床资料。采用Wexner便秘与失禁评分来评估术后便秘情况,采用胃肠生活质量评分来评估术后生活质量。结果全组患者手术完成顺利,无肠瘘、盆腔感染、吻合口狭窄、术后肠梗阻和肛门失禁等并发症发生。手术时间（287．6±21．5） min,术中出血量（109．7±41．1） ml,术后肛门排气时间（2．5±0．9） d。患者术后便秘症状评分为4.7±1.9,较术前的15.1±2.8明显降低（P＜0．05）。术后胃肠生活质量评分为97．3±15．7,较术前的71．5±14．7明显提高（P＜0．05）;术后Wexner便秘与失禁评分为8．8±3．7,较术前20．4±5．7明显降低（P＜0．05）。结论腹腔镜辅助结肠次全切除、经肛门取出标本并进行升结肠直肠吻合术治疗慢传输型便秘,近期疗效满意,生活质量改善明显。     

Functional outcomes of two types of subtotal colectomy for slow-transit constipation: ileosigmoidal anastomosis and cecorectal anastomosis

BACKGROUND: Some patients with severe slow-transit constipation may benefit from subtotal colectomy, but there is no consensus on standard operative mode. The aim of the study was to compare the functional outcomes of subtotal colectomy with cecorectal anastomosis (CRA) with those of subtotal colectomy with ileosigmoidal anastomosis (ISA) in patients with severe slow-transit constipation. METHODS: Records of 79 patients who received preoperative investigation to confirm slow transit at our institution from 1989 to 2004 and subsequently received colectomy with CRA (n = 34) or colectomy with ISA (n = 45) were reviewed. The mean follow-up was 2 years (range 1-15). RESULTS: Postoperative defecation frequency increased and symptoms such as bloating and abdominal pain decreased in both groups. More CRA patients than ISA patients experienced persistent constipation and continued using laxatives or enemas at the 12-month follow-up. More ISA patients (93.3%) than CRA patients (73.5%) were satisfied with the procedure, whereas some patients in both groups complained of excessively high stool frequency and fecal incontinence. CONCLUSION: Both CRA and ISA procedures increase the number of bowel movements; however, ISA results in higher defecation frequency, less use of laxatives and enemas, and higher patient satisfaction.     

Outcomes of laparoscopic subtotal colectomy with cecorectal anastomosis for slow-transit constipation: a single center retrospective study

Purpose: To study the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic subtotal colectomy (LASC) with cecorectal anastomosis for slow-transit constipation (STC).

Methods: This study was a retrospective review of all patients undergoing LASC with cecorectal anastomosis for STC between March 2010 and May 2017. The main variables included the operative time, blood loss, length of postoperative hospital stay, complications, and long-term outcomes.

Results: In this analysis, 56 patients were included. There were 17 males and 39 females aged between 34 and 80 years old. The mean operative time was 208?±?21?min, and the mean perioperative blood loss was 116?±?48?mL. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 7.7?±?3.5 days, and the incidence of perioperative complications was 19.6%, with no mortality. One patient required reoperation because of intra-abdominal bleeding. During the follow-up period, 26.8% of patients suffered from chronic pain and bloating, with no recurrence of STC. The causes of these symptoms included small bowel obstruction (7.1%), slow transit (10.7%), anastomotic stenosis (5.4%) and gastroptosis (3.6%). Postoperatively, after 12 months, the frequency of defecation was 2–4 times per day. Patients with follow-up of at least 60 months, the mean frequency of defecation was 0.9?±?0.5 times per day. The percentage of satisfaction was 82.1%.

Conclusion: LASC with cecorectal anastomosis is a safe and effective surgical approach for STC, with the majority of patients being satisfied with the outcome of surgery.     

两种术式治疗合并直肠前突的慢传输型便秘的效果比较

目的比较结肠次全切除联合直肠前壁悬吊术和结肠次全切除联合经阴道修补术治疗合并直肠前突的顽固性慢传输型便秘的疗效。方法回顾性分析2002年1月至2009年1月间收治的32例合并直肠前突的顽固性慢传输型便秘患者临床资料,比较结肠次全切除联合直肠前壁悬吊术(A组)和结肠次全切除术联合经阴道修补术后(B组)的排便功能。结果两组患者术前一般资料差异无统计学意义。术中两组的手术时间和出血量差异无统计学意义。术后早期并发症、便秘症状改善程度、Wexner肛门功能评分差异无统计学意义。随访1年后A组的胃肠生活质量指标评分、便秘症状改善度和便秘复发率均好于B组(P0.05)。结论与结肠次全切除术联合经阴道修补术相比,结肠次全切除术联合直肠前壁悬吊术是治疗合并直肠前突的顽固性慢传输型便秘的更有效的手术方法 。     

Hand-assisted laparoscopic subtotal colectomy with cecorectal anastomosis for chronic idiopathic colonic pseudo-obstruction: report of a case

Chronic idiopathic colonic pseudo-obstruction (CICP) is characterized by the chronic disturbance of colonic motility without mechanical obstruction, any underlying disease or medication. Currently, there are no established medical treatments for CICP. A 62-year-old female who had undergone right hemicolectomy for splenic flexure syndrome caused by idiopathic megacolon was referred to our hospital with relapse, experiencing palpitation and abdominal fullness. She was diagnosed with CICP according to findings of marked dilation of the colon without mechanical obstruction, dilation of other parts of the gastrointestinal tract, or underlying disease. The dilated colon was surgically removed by hand-assisted laparoscopic subtotal colectomy, followed by cecorectal anastomosis. Histopathologically, there was no degeneration or lack of ganglion cells in Auerbach’s plexus. The patient has experienced no severe symptoms after undergoing the present operation.     

Outcome of colectomy for slow transit constipation

OBJECTIVE: To review the outcome data for colectomy performed for patients with slow transit constipation (STC). BACKGROUND: The outcome of surgical intervention in patients with STC is unpredictable. This may be a consequence of the lack of effectiveness of such interventions or may reflect heterogeneity within this group of patients. METHODS: The authors reviewed the data of all series in the English language that document the outcome of colectomy in > or = 10 patients in the treatment of STC. RESULTS: Thirty-two series fulfilled the entry criteria. There was widespread variability in patient satisfaction rates after colectomy (39% to 100%), reflecting large differences in the incidence of postoperative complications and in long-term functional results. Outcome was dependent on several clinical and pathophysiologic findings and on the type of study, the population studied, and the surgical procedure used. CONCLUSIONS: It may be possible to predict outcome on the basis of preoperative clinical and pathophysiologic findings. This review suggests a rationale for the selection of patients for colectomy.     

结肠次全切除、逆蠕动盲肠直肠吻合术与结肠全切除、回肠直肠吻合术治疗慢传输型便秘的对比研究

目的 比较结肠次全切除、逆蠕动盲肠直肠吻合术和结肠全切除、回肠直肠吻合术治疗重度慢传输型便秘的疗效.方法 回顾性分析1999年1月至2008年6月52例慢传输型便秘患者的临床资料.其中32例行结肠次全切除、逆蠕动盲肠直肠吻合术,20例接受结肠全切除、回肠直肠吻合术.统计分析两组临床疗效并进行平行对比.结果 术后患者随访1～7年(中位时间4年).两组患者一般资料具有可比性.中位随访4年,结肠次全切除组每日大便次数显著低于结肠全切除组(2.5±0.8比3.4±0.8;P=0.000).Wexner肛门失禁评分结肠全切除组高于结肠次全切除组(5.8±1.9比4.4±1.6;P=0.011).胃肠生活质量评分结肠次全切除组显著高于结肠全切除组(120.7±7.5比111.1±12.0;P=0.005).结论 与结肠全切除术相比,对于慢传输便秘患者,行结肠次全切除、逆蠕动盲肠直肠吻合术后可获得更好的疗效和生活质量.     

逆蠕动盲肠直肠吻合术与结肠全切除回直肠吻合术治疗重度顽固性慢传输型便秘的比较

目的对比逆蠕动盲肠直肠吻合术与结肠全切除回直肠吻合术对重度顽固性慢性传输型便秘患者的临床疗效。方法 47例慢传输型便秘(STC)患者按照实际病情所采取的手术方式不同分为逆蠕动盲肠直肠吻合术组(观察组)25例和结肠全切除回直吻合术组(对照组)22例;综合评价两组患者术后疗效。结果观察组手术时间、术后大便次数显著低于对照组,组问相比差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者术后主要并发症有切口感染、腹膜后淋巴瘘和小肠梗阻,各不良反应发生情况两组间相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组Wexner肛门失禁评分显著低于对照组,而GIQLI评分显著高于对照组,两组间相比差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对于胃肠功能基本正常的重度STC患者,逆蠕动盲肠直肠吻合术的综合疗效要优于结肠全切术。     

腹腔镜结肠切除术治疗慢性传输型便秘的临床体会

目的:探讨腹腔镜治疗慢性传输型便秘(slowtransit constipation,STC)的临床效果。方法:回顾分析2006至2009年施行腹腔镜手术治疗23例STC患者的临床资料。8例行全结肠切除术,10例行结肠次全切除术,5例行乙状结肠切除术。结果:22例手术成功,1例因术中出血中转开腹。住院5~11d,平均7d。术后1例并发肠梗阻,经保守治疗不能缓解,再次行开腹手术治愈。随访6~12个月,18例便秘症状明显缓解,大便1~3次/d;3例腹泻,大便4~6次/d;2例轻度便秘复发,大便1次/2~3d。结论:腹腔镜结肠切除术治疗STC安全有效,且住院时间短,患者康复快,切口小,并发症少,腹部外观好,值得推广应用。     

Role of subtotal colectomy in the treatment of incapacitating constipation

Nine patients from a community surgical practice have been presented who underwent subtotal colectomy with ileal lower sigmoid anastomosis for the treatment of chronic incapacitating idiopathic constipation. Emphasis was placed on carefully selecting patients for this procedure. The results in this small series have been promising. Long-term follow-up is necessary to determine whether the patients will continue to do well. A review of the literature regarding the surgical treatment of constipation has indicated that subtotal colectomy is the most successful form of treatment in select patients. More studies are needed, specifically in the area of radiopaque markers and anorectal manometry, to determine whether or to what extent these procedures can help select patients who might benefit from this procedure.     

结肠次全切除逆蠕动盲肠直肠吻合术治疗慢传输型便秘的远期疗效

目的 评估结肠次全切除、逆蠕动盲肠直肠吻合术治疗特发性慢传输型便秘的远期疗效。方法 对2003年1月至2004年2月14例单纯慢传输型便秘患者和2例慢传输型合并出口梗阻型便秘患者行结肠次全切除、逆蠕动盲肠直肠吻合术。术后随访患者的排便情况、并发症、生活质量及满意度。结果 平均随访期为3年。所有患者术后无严重并发症及死亡。术后1个月每天平均排便4次（3—6次）,半液体状大便。术后3年平均每天排便2次（1—3次）,固体状大便。随访期间所有患者控便能力良好,无大便失禁发生。2例患者出现术后粘连性小肠梗阻。9例患者对手术效果满意,7例非常满意。所有患者生活质量得到明显改善。1例混合型便秘患者术后需间断性使用泻药。结论 对部分慢传输型便秘患者行结肠次全切除后逆蠕动盲肠直肠吻合术效果理想。     

腹腔镜下全结肠切除术治疗顽固性结肠慢传输型便秘的临床疗效研究

目的评价腹腔镜下全结肠切除术治疗顽固性结肠慢传输型便秘（CSTC）的安全性、有效性与可行性。方法2002年6月至2010年12月对53例顽固性CSTC患者采用全结肠切除术,其中腹腔镜组24例,开腹组29例。结果腹腔镜组与开腹组患者在切口长度[（5．27±0．33）CITI比（15．83±0．68）cm]、术后止痛剂使用次数[（2．04．±0．46）比（6．28±0．65）]、术后肠道功能恢复时间[（2．25±0．68）h比（4．41±0．95）h]、术后住院及出院期间粘连性肠梗阻并发率（4．17％比24．14％）及住院时间[（9．50±0．98）d比（14．76±1．67）d]方面差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论腹腔镜下全结肠切除术治疗CSTC是一种更加安全有效、创伤小、瘢痕小、恢复快、并发症少的手术方式,值得临床推广。     

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目的 探讨结肠慢传输型便秘的诊断及治疗方法，提高诊治水平。方法 对部分顽固性便秘病人的临床症状，结肠软内镜检查，结肠传输试验和排粪造影等的检查结果进行分析，对52例确诊为结肠慢传输型便秘者，进行了手术治疗。其中全结肠切除，回肠与直肠吻合术14例，次全结肠切除，盲肠与直肠吻合术34例，左半结肠切除4例。结果 结肠慢传输型便秘的病理检查可肠壁神经丛有变性，减少，回直肠吻合术后病人大便次数偏多，多数＞3次／日，个别病人半年内每天大便20次左右，半年后次数逐渐减少。左半结肠切除术后仍有排粪困难；而盲直肠吻合术效果较好，多数病人大便1－3次／日。结论 结肠慢传输型便秘的病人行次全结肠切除，盲直肠吻合术效果较好。     

结肠慢传输型便秘手术方式进展

慢传输型便秘（slow transit constipation,STC）是1986年由Proton和Lennard-Joners提出,临床指以便秘、结肠通过时间延长和对纤维素、缓泻剂治疗反应差为特征,伴有腹痛、腹胀、恶心等症状,并排除全身性基础疾病和盆底肌功能失调的慢性便秘,即由结肠运动功能紊乱所致的以结肠通过时间延长和结肠动力下降为特征的顽固性便秘。     

腹腔镜技术在慢传输型便秘治疗中的运用

慢传输型便秘(slow transit constipation,STC),因其结肠动力显著减弱,肠内容物在结肠内传输异常减慢,又被称为结肠无力(colonic inertia),因其病因不清有时被称为特发性便秘(idiopathic constipation),因其症状顽固病程长又被叫做顽固性慢性便秘(intractable chronic constipation).