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1.
A. M. Dudchenko L. D. Luk'yanova 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1995,120(6):1193-1195
After a prolonged (for 30 days) adaptation of rats to intermittent hypoxia, their brains contained lowered levels of mitochondrial
cytochromes, despite an increase in the number of mitochondria in the brain tissue mass, along with similar levels of high-energy
compounds and more protein as compaired to the brains of unadapted controls. A mitochondrial population with novel properties
presumably emerged in the brain. These effects were all more strongly marked in rats with an initially low resistance to hypoxia.
In the liver of hypoxiaadapted animals, unlike in their brain, cytochrome levels in the mitochondrial and microsomal redox
chains were lowered and the biogenesis of mitochondria was much less intensive.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N
o
12, pp. 576–579, December, 1995 相似文献
2.
L. D. Luk'yanova A. M. Dudchenko V. V. Belousova 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1994,118(6):1268-1272
It is shown that isolated hepatocytes are capable of perceiving slight changes in the envioronmental oxygen concentration.
A complicated phase dependence exists between adenosine triphosphate and partial oxygen pressure, which differs in cells from
animals with high and low resistance to hypoxia, the former showing a more stable and resistant energy-synthesizing function
than the latter. After long-term adaptation to periodic hypoxia, the resistance of the energy-synthesizing function rises
in hepatocytes from high-resistant animals, and falls in low-resistant animals suggesting a fundamentally different organization
of the emergency compensatory mechanisms of the energy-synthesizing function in hepatocytes of animals of these two types.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N
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12, pp. 576–581, December, 1994 相似文献
3.
V. V. Belousova A. M. Dudchenko L. D. Luk'yanova 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1995,119(1):23-27
It is demonstrated that the lactate-Po2 dependence is the same in hepatocytes of rats with high and low resistance to hypoxia and does not correlate with phasic
changes in the ATP concentration in the 890–50 μM O2 region. Strong activation of lactate formation against the background of ATP decrease indicates that glycolysis is not the
major mechanism determining the steady-state ATP level in the cell and affecting the ATP-Po2 relationship in a wide range of oxygen concentrations. The intensity of glycolysis in hepatocytes of rats with high resistance
to hypoxia is markedly increased after periodic adaptation to hypoxia but remains practically unchanged in the hepatocytes
of low-resistance rats. This indicates that fundamentally different compensatory mechanisms are involved in this process in
the liver of high- and low-resistance rats.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N
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1, pp. 28–32, January, 1995 相似文献
4.
A study of kinetic parameters of brain respiratory enzymes revealed that the maximal velocity and the Michaelis apparent constant
for NADH-cytochrome C-reductase are significantly lower in low-resistant rats than in rats with a high resistance to hypoxia.
Adaptation to periodic hypoxia increases total resistance only in low-resistant rats. It is accompanied by an increase in
the values of kinetics parameters for NADH-cytochrome C-reductase and cytochrome oxidase. Kinetic parameters for these enzymes
in the brain of high-resistant rats are either unaltered or even decreased. It is suggested that the first enzymatic complex
of the respiratory chain is one of the limiting or regulating links in energy metabolism determining the brain's resistance
to hypoxia.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N
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3, pp. 252–255, March, 1996. 相似文献
5.
N. P. Lebkova A. Ya. Chizhov L. N. Zeitlenok 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1995,119(6):574-579
A comparative ultrastructural study of organelles involved in supplying cardiac myocytes with energy (nucleus, mitochondria,
microbodies, and lysosomes) in pregnant rats that had been exposed to intermittent normobaric hypoxia and in rats not so exposed
showed no significant differences between these two groups of animals. In both groups, glycogen granules were present in the
nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes, and microbodies (peroxisomes) of cardiac myocytes, and many of their mitochondria had a
dense matrix and appeared hyperplastic.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N
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6, pp. 597–602, June, 1995
Presented by A. V. Smol'yannikov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences 相似文献
6.
A. A. Korneev G. K. Sheveleva I. A. Komissarova V. G. Filimonov 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1997,124(4):1018-1020
The status of pregnant rats, their fetuses, and progeny exposed to oxygen insufficiency are compares. By the end of pregnancy
the resistance to hypoxia markedly decreases. Newborn rats during nursing are highly resistant to hypoxia. When nursing period
is over, the resistance to hypoxia drops, but later is gradually restored. MR-33 preparation produces a pronounced antihypoxic
effect. Administration of the drug to pregnant rats not only appreciably improves their resistance to oxygen insufficiency,
but also promotes adaptation and compensatory mechanisms in the progeny, thus helping the progeny to better tolerate hypoxia,
particularly when its probability is particularly high.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 10, pp. 451–454, October, 1997 相似文献
7.
Cytophotometric determination of RNA in various brain structures of hypoxia-adapted and unadapted epilepsy-prone rats at different
times after an epileptic seizure shows much smaller decreases in RNA levels and their much more rapid return to normal in
the adapted than in the unadapted rats. The adaptation to hypoxia produces a marked anticonvulsive effect, and this effect
is enhanced and prolonged considerably by pharmacotherapy.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N
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2, pp. 120–123, February, 1994 相似文献
8.
L. Yu. Golubeva S. N. Dvoryantsev A. N. Khatkevich I. Yu. Malyshev F. Z. Meerson 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1995,120(5):1103-1106
Effects of adaptation to hypoxia on the contractility of isolated rat hearts and on their levels of ATP and inorganic phosphate
after total ischemia were evaluated. This adaptation failed to render the cardiac energy-supplying system more resistant to
postischemic reperfusion and thus did not accelerate the restoration of cardiac contractility after ischemia. The results
of adaptation to hypoxia were then compared with those of adaptation to stress, which had been shown to bring about a marked
increase in cardiac resistance to postischemic reperfusion. It is concluded that the profound differences noted between the
cardioprotective effects of these two forms of adaptation are due to a much greater accumulation of stabilizing proteins from
the HSP70 family during adaptation to stress.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N
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11, pp. 481–484, November, 1995
Presented by N. R. Paleev, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences 相似文献
9.
M. L. Khachatur'yan V. M. Gukasov P. G. Komarov L. B. Pirogova M. V. Bilenko 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1996,121(1):22-25
Lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant system of the heart, liver, and brain are studied in adult male Wistar rats with high
and low resistance to hypoxia tested by “raising” to an altitude of 11.5 km and in intact outbred rats. These parameters are
found to be the same in the brain of low- and high-resistance rats, while the brain content of lipid peroxidation products
is higher in both groups of Wistar rats compared with outbred rats. The heart and liver parameters are coupled to the resistance
to hypoxia. Antioxidant activity prevails over lipid peroxidation in the hearts and livers of high-resistance rats, confirming
that oxidation plays a major role in the damaging and lethal effects of acute hypoxia.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N
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1, pp 26–29, January, 1996
Presented by A. I. Archakov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences 相似文献
10.
E. B. Manukhina A. V. Lapshin S. Yu. Mashina F. Z. Meerson V. D. Mikoyan L. N. Kubrina A. F. Vanin 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1995,120(5):1117-1120
Adaptation to intermittent hypoxic hypoxia did not affect the endothelium-dependent relaxation of the aorta in rats, but significantly
increased the relaxation of their tail artery. Following the adaptation, the NO level fell in the liver, intestine, and kidneys
and remained unchanged in the spleen. Adaptation to hypoxia presumably limits NO synthesis and/or release in the vascular
endothelium or enhances the capacity of this oxide to bind in a physiologically active depot.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N
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11, pp. 495–498, November, 1995
Presented by Yu. A. Vladimirov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences 相似文献
11.
N. A. Agadzhanyan L. V. Sorokin E. P. Tambovtsev V. I. Torshin 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1995,120(3):878-881
It is shown that the geometric mean of survival time and the deviation of σ from τ are measures of a population's resistance
to acute hypoxia; that a measure of the individual resistance of an animal to such hypoxia is Student's parameter for that
animal; that the distribution of Student's parameter in a population is a lognormal distribution under any conditions; and
that the number of animals with low resistance is always equal to the number of highly resistant animals. The procedure described
makes it possible to limit the number of animals used in an experiment by recording with the requisite accuracy the proposed
measures of resistance to acute hypoxia at the population and individual levels.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N
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9, pp. 239–241, September, 1995 相似文献
12.
I. G. Vlasova N. A. Agadzhanyan 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1994,118(5):1149-1152
The correlation between the pattern of a neuron's reaction to acute hypoxia and individual resistance to oxygen deficit is
studied on ratsin vivo as well as on surviving slices of their cerebellumin vitro. According to the survival time in a pressure chamber simulating an altitude of 11 km all the rats were divided into groups
of high resistance, medium resistance, and low resistance to hypoxia. Survival time was 4.2 times longer in the high resistance
group than in the low resistance group. In the cerebellar slices of high resistance animals 61.5% high-resistance neurons
and 38.5% low-resistance neurons were recorded. On the other hand, in the high resistance animals the percentage of high-resistance
neurons and low-resistance neurons was 31.2 and 68.8, respectively. The period of hypoxia development was 4.32 times longer
in the high-resistance neurons as compared to low-resistance neurons. It is speculated that individual differences in the
resistance to O2 deficit are of a hereditary nature and manifest themselves not only on the level of the whole organism, but also in the individual
nerve cell.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N
o
11, pp. 454–457, November, 1994 相似文献
13.
M. L. Khachatur'yan V. M. Gukasov P. G. Komarov L. B. Pirogova M. V. Bilenko 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1996,121(2):126-131
The relationship between the intensity of lipid peroxidation and the activity of the antioxidant system in the heart, liver,
and brain is studied in male Wistar rats with low and high resistance to hypoxia tested by being “raised” to an altitude of
11.5 km and in intact outbred rats. It is found that in all groups of rats the content of lipid peroxidation products is highest
in the liver, lower in the heart, and lowest in the brain. In all groups, the rate of the ascorbate-induced lipid peroxidation
is highest in the brain, lower in the liver, and lowest in the heart. The activity of the antioxidant system is highest in
the brain, lower in the liver, and lowest in the heart of low-resistance and outbred rats, while in high-resistance rats it
is the same in all the organs. Thus, the difference in the parameters of lipid peroxidation and, particularly, of the antioxidant
system in the studied organs is most pronounced in rats with a low resistance to hypoxia.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N
o
2, pp. 138–143, February, 1996
Presented by A. I. Archakov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences 相似文献
14.
T. L. Nemirovskaya O. S. Tarasova B. S. Shenkman V. B. Koshelev 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1995,119(6):579-582
This study, in which rats were exposed on 12 successive days to hypoxia in combination with exercise on a treadmill, showed
that a reduction in partial oxygen pressure leads to a decrease in the magnitude of the structural component of vascular resistance
rather than to improvement in the system of oxygen utilization, and that such combined exposure may cause alterations in protein
synthesis and result in early stimulation of capillary growth in muscles, as well as elicit differential changes of enzyme
activity in different types of muscle fibers.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N
o
6, pp. 602–605, June, 1995
Presented by A. I. Grigor'ev, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences 相似文献
15.
O. R. Grek Yu. P. Gichev E. O. Guseva V. I. Sharapov 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1998,126(6):1203-1204
Hepatic monooxygenase activity was studied in rats with various resistance to hypoxia during adaptation to cold. Cold-induced
change in the concentrations of cytochromes P-450 and b5 and the activity of microsomals metabolism of amidopyrine and aniline were shown to be associated with individual resistance
to hypoxia. The content of microsomal cytochromes in highly resistant rats did not change on the fifth day of cold exposure.
However, the intensity of metabolic reactions decreased. In low-resistance rats, a cold-induced decrease in the concentration
of the cytochromes was not accompanied by significant changes in metabolic rates of amidopyrine and aniline.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 12, pp. 631–633, December, 1998 相似文献
16.
Yu. M. Kolesnik M. M. Seredenko A. V. Abramov 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1995,120(6):1183-1185
Using immunocytochemical and immunoradiometric assays, it is found that intermittent exposure to hypoxia stimulates insulin
synthesis and secretion by pancreatic beta cells and activatesde novo formation of these cells in the acinar tissue of both intact rats and rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus,
as well as inhibiting the destruction of Langerhans islets in the latter animals.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N
o
12 pp. 565–567, December, 1995
Presented by G. N. Kryzhanovskii, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences 相似文献
17.
Changes in NADH fluorescence in brain mitochondria of rats exposed to hypercapnic hypoxia were studied. The status of the
succinate oxidation system determines the level and kinetic characteristics of pyridine nucleotide reduction. The kinetic
characteristics of energy production are more susceptible to hypoxia than changes in NADH level.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 127, No. 3, pp. 287–290, March, 1999 相似文献
18.
N. A. Bondarenko E. L. Germanova L. D. Luk'yanova 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》2000,130(3):849-851
Locomotor activity in the open field test did not correlate with rat resistance to acute hypobaric hypoxia; there was a correlation
between this resistance and rat behavior during acute stress. Immobility was characteristic of rats with low and particularly
medium resistance to hypoxia; this reaction can be abolished by antidepressants. By contrast, highly resistant rats were mainly
hyperactive. The resistance to hypoxia was associated with extreme parameters of dopaminergic neuron functioning. In low-resistant
rats locomotor stereotypia was maximal, while perioral stereotypia was the minimal; highly resistant rats were characterized
by an opposite pattern, and medium-resistant rats occupied an intermediate position.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 9, pp. 275–278, September, 2000 相似文献
19.
Newborn rats euthanized 24 h after birth were examined. The rats were born to females exposed to chronic hypobaric hypoxia
on days 14–19 of gestation. The index of nuclei labeled with3H-thymidine in the tracheal epithelium of newborn rats exposed to prenatal hypoxia was 3 times lower than in the control.
The LPO level was higher in posthypoxic animals than in intact rats. Prenatal hypoxia led to the suppression of antioxidant
defense in the lungs of newborn rats.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N
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5, pp. 531–533, May, 1994 相似文献
20.
L. D. Luk'yanova A. Yu. Malyshev S. V. Krapivin 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1997,124(1):672-676
The succinate-containing hydroxypyridine derivative yancarb increases both the altitude tolerated by rats and their survival
time at a high altitude, particularly in rats with low resistance to hypobaric hypoxia; it also prevents both phasic changes
in the EEG characteristic of hypobaric hypoxia and hemispheric asymmetry and paroxysmal activity in the brain of highly resistant
rats in the 5000–10,000 m range and in rats with low resistance in the 5000–11,000 m range. Antihypoxic effects of this substance
are more pronounced in low-resistance rats and in the left hemisphere of both high- and low-resistant animals; in altitude
range of 10,000–13,000 m these effects are weaker or absent.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 7, pp. 57–62, July, 1997 相似文献