新疆枸杞子化学成分的研究

目的 研究新疆枸杞子的化学成分.方法 采用多种色谱方法对新疆枸杞子含有的化合物进行分离纯化,利用波谱法对得到的化合物进行结构鉴定.结果 经化学方法和光谱数据分析得到7种化合物,其中4种化合物的结构鉴定为:β-谷甾醇(β-Sitosterol)(Ⅱ)、β-谷甾醇葡萄糖苷(daucosterol)(Ⅲ)、4-羟基-反式-肉桂酸(4-hydroxide radical-antiform-cinnamic acid)(Ⅴ)、芦丁(rutin)(Ⅰ).结论 从新疆枸杞子中分离得到7种化合物,其中化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ为首次从新疆枸杞子中分离得到.     

瘤果槲寄生化学成分的研究

【目的】研究槲寄生属植物的化学成分。【方法】应用柱层析和结晶方法进行分离、纯化,并采用光谱学方法进行结构鉴定。【结果】分离并鉴定出3个化合物：羽扇豆醇乙酸酯(lupeol acetate)(Ⅰ)、β—香树脂醇(β—amyrin)(Ⅱ)、齐墩果酸(oleanolic acid)(Ⅲ)。【结论】3个化合物均为首次从瘤果槲寄生中分离得到。     

金叶子的化学成分研究

目的:研究金叶子(Craibiodendron yunnanese W.W.Smith)的化学成分。方法:利用65%乙醇提取,大孔吸附树脂和硅胶柱色谱等方法进行分离纯化,根据化合物的光谱数据鉴定结构。结果:从金叶子中分离得到7个化合物,分别鉴定为儿茶素(catechin)(1),3,3’,4’,5,6,7,8-heptahydroxyflavan(2),十五碳酸(3),槲皮素(quercetin)(4),乌苏酸(3β-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic-acid)(5),棕榈酸(palmitic acid)(6),Benzoicacid,4-[2-(4-methoxyphenoxy)ethyl(]7)。结论:化合物1,2,3,5,7为首次从该种植物分离得到。     

薤化学成分研究

目的 研究薤(Allium chinense G.Don)的化学成分.方法 采用硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、制备HPLC等色谱方法分离、纯化薤的化学成分,采用理化性质结合波谱数据分析鉴定分离得到化合物的化学结构.结果 从薤的体积分数60％甲醇提取物中分离并鉴定7个化合物,分别为:N-对香豆酰酪胺(1),N-顺式-对香豆酰酪胺(2),无梗五加苷D(3),β-D-吡喃果糖(4),β-D呋喃果糖甲苷(5),β-谷甾醇(6),胡萝卜苷(7).结论 化合物3～5为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

地椒抗氧化活性部位化学成分的研究?

目的研究地椒抗氧化活性成分,阐明地椒抗氧化活性化学成分组成。方法采用1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)和2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)(ABTS)自由基清除试验筛选评价地椒5个极性部位的抗氧化活性;采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20和MCI GEL CHP-20P等柱色谱方法进行分离纯化,并根据质谱、核磁数据和参考文献数据等鉴定化合物的结构。结果地椒乙酸乙酯层和正丁醇层显示很好的抗氧化活性。从该两萃取层中,分离鉴定18个化合物分别为野黄芩苷(1),野黄芩素(2),5,6,7-三羟基-4'-甲氧基黄酮(3),4'5-二羟基-6,7,8,-三甲氧基黄铜(xanthomicrol)(4),芹菜素(5),4'-甲氧基木犀草素(6),木犀草苷(7),木犀草素(8),芦丁(9),丹参素(10),香草酸(11),原儿茶酸(12),绿原酸(13),咖啡酸(14),阿魏酸(15),2,6-二羟基-4-异丙基-β-D-葡萄糖苷(16),齐墩果酸(17)和胡萝卜苷(18)。结论化合物1~3和16首次从百里香属植物中分离得到,化合物4~8,10~12,14~15和17~18首次从地椒植物中分离得到。     

苗药地瓜藤化学成分的研究

目的研究苗药地瓜藤Ficustikoua Bur的化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱色谱及Sephadex LH-20等色谱技术分离纯化,根据理化性质及色谱数据鉴定结构。结果从地瓜藤乙醇提取物的石油醚萃取部分分得4个化合物,分别为4-豆甾烯-3-酮(stigmast-4-en-3-one,Ⅰ)、佛手内酯(bergapten,Ⅱ)、β-香树脂醇(β-amyrin,Ⅲ)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,Ⅳ);从乙醇提取物的醋酸乙酯萃取部分分得5个化合物,分别是香豆酸甲酯(methyl p-coumarate,Ⅴ)、咖啡酸甲酯(caffeic acid methyl ester,Ⅵ)、尿囊素(allantoin,Ⅶ)、齐墩果酸(oleanolic acid,Ⅷ)和胡萝卜苷(daucos-terol,Ⅸ)。结论所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分得。     

九节菖蒲的化学成分研究

目的:研究九节菖蒲的化学成分.方法:利用Diaion HP-20,Toyopearl HW-40,Sephadex LH-20,硅胶等柱色谱技术对九节菖蒲的化学成分进行分离纯化,根据化合物的光谱数据和理化性质鉴定其结构.结果:分离并鉴定了9个化合物的结构,分别为:七叶内酯(Ⅰ),氢化咖啡酸(Ⅱ),阿魏酸(Ⅲ),氢化阿魏酸(Ⅳ),5-羟甲基糠醛(V),3,4-二羟基苄醇(Ⅵ),9,12,13-三羟基-10,15-十八碳二烯酸(Ⅶ),5-羟基-4氧代戊酸(Ⅷ),β-·谷甾醇(Ⅸ).结论:化合物(Ⅰ)-(Ⅶ)均为首次从该植物中分得.     

细柱五加果实化学成分的研究

目的 研究细柱五加Acanthopanax gracilistylus果实的化学成分.方法 采用硅胶柱层析、反相柱层析、重结晶等方法分离纯化,根据理化性质和光谱数据鉴定化合物的结构.结果 从细柱五加果实中分离得到7个化合物,分别鉴定为竹节参苷Ⅳa甲酯(1),竹节参苷Ⅳa丁酯(2),Acankoreoside D(3),acantrifoside A(4),β-胡萝卜苷(5),3-epi-betulinic acid(6),16-α-羟-19-贝壳杉烷酸(7).结论 化合物1,2首次从该属植物中分离得到,其余均为首次从该植物果实中分离得到.     

连翘籽化学成分的分离和鉴定

目的:对连翘籽进行化学成分的分离和结构鉴定研究.方法:用化学方法及层析法对样品的乙醇提取物进行化合物分离,采用光谱法对分得化合物结构进行鉴定.结果:采用溶剂提取、溶剂萃取、硅胶柱层析、凝胶柱层析、重结晶等理化提取分离纯化手段,从连翘籽80%乙醇提取物中分离得到两个单体化合物,并利用理化性质和光谱数据鉴定为:β-香树脂醇乙酸酯(Ⅰ),白桦酯酸(Ⅱ).结论:化合物(Ⅰ)和(Ⅱ)为首次从连翘籽中分离得到.     

牛白藤抗炎活性化学成分的研究

目的 研究牛白藤抗炎活性的化学成分.方法 利用硅胶柱色谱法对牛白藤进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和核磁共振谱数据鉴定其结构.结果 从牛白藤提取物中分离鉴定了8个化合物:β-谷甾醇(1)、△5.22豆甾醇(2)、莨菪亭(3)、羽扇豆醇(4)、表白桦脂酸(5)、熊果酸(6)、齐墩果酸(7)和咖啡酸(8).结论 化合物4、7和8...     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.