淋病奈瑟菌体外对人精子运动参数的影响

目的 :阐明淋病奈瑟菌体外对人精子的运动参数有无直接影响。　方法 :将淋病奈瑟菌制成活菌悬液 ,在体外与生育男性经上游优化处理的精子孵育。细菌 /精子比为 5 0∶1,分别孵育 0、2、4h ,采用计算机辅助的精子分析系统检测人精子运动参数 (前向性运动百分率、直线速度、曲线速度、平均路径速度、直线性、前向性 )。　结果 :细菌与精子的比例为 5 0∶1,孵育 0、2和 4h后 ,人精子运动参数无明显变化。　结论 :淋病奈瑟菌与精子的比例为5 0∶1,孵育 4h内 ,淋病奈瑟菌体外对人精子运动参数无直接影响     

结核杆菌体外对人精子运动功能的影响

目的　研究结核杆菌体外对人精子运动功能的影响。方法　将从临床泌尿生殖系感染病人中分离培养出的结核杆菌制成活菌悬液 ,然后将其在体外与 10例健康成年男性手淫获得并经上游优化处理的精子按菌 /精比 5 0∶1一起孵化 0、2和 4小时后 ,采用CASA检测人精子活率、运动参数 (前向运动百分率、直线速度VCL、曲线速度VSL、平均路径速度VAP)和精子形态及凝集情况。结果　结核杆菌与精子比例为 5 0∶1体外孵化 0、2和 4小时后 ,人精子活率和运动参数无明显降低 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　结核杆菌与精子的比例为 5 0∶1体外孵化 4小时内 ,对人精子的运动功能无显著影响     

白念珠菌体外感染对人精子运动和超微结构的影响

目的: 体外研究白念珠菌(Ca)对人精子的运动功能有无直接影响并观察精子超微结构变化,对其影响机制作初步探讨。　方法: 将从念珠菌性阴道炎患者的分泌物中分离纯化的Ca制成活菌悬液,对 10例健康青年男性手淫获得并经上游优化处理的精子进行体外感染。按细菌与精子比例不同分成A组 ( 1∶1 )、B组 ( 1∶10 )、C组(1∶100)、D组(1∶1 000)、E组(1∶10 000)、F组(空白对照)分别孵育,于 0、1、2、4h取样,计算机辅助精子分析系统(CASA)检测人精子运动参数(前向性运动百分率、直线速度、曲线速度、平均路径速度、头部侧摆幅度 )、精子存活率、精子形态及凝集情况。透射电镜观察孵育 4h后的各组精子的超微结构变化。　结果: Ca与精子体外孵育后,前向运动百分率所受影响最大,且与菌体密度及时间密切相关;其他参数与对照组相比也相继出现显著性差异。观察到精子黏附于菌体和凝集现象。精子超微结构产生变化:精子核空泡增多,顶体破裂,质膜破损,线粒体排列紊乱。　结论: Ca体外可显著降低精子存活率和抑制精子运动功能,其机制可能与Ca对人精子的黏附作用和超微结构的损伤有关。     

钙通道拮抗剂体外对人精子运动参数的影响

目的　探讨钙通道拮抗剂在体外对人精子运动参数的影响。方法　将不同类型的钙通道拮抗剂在体外与生育男性经上游优化处理的精子分别共同孵育 10、2 0、3 0、60min ,与正常组进行对照研究。采用计算机辅助精子分析系统检测人精子运动参数 (精子活率、精子前向运动百分率、畸形率、平均路径速度、精子侧摆幅度和摆动幅度 )。结果　硝苯地平 (10 μmol/L)在体外对精子活率 (P <0 .0 1)、精子前向运动百分率 (P <0 .0 1)、精子平均路径速度 (P <0 .0 0 1)、精子侧摆幅度 (P <0 .0 1)和摆动幅度 (P <0 .0 1)等指标的差异有非常显著性。结论　人精子细胞中存在L 型电压依赖性钙通道 ,且L 型钙通道拮抗剂可导致男性不育。     

刺五加提取物体外对精子运动参数的影响

目的 研究3种不同的刺五加提取物体外对精子运动参数的影响。方法 由14例弱精子症患者通过手淫获得并经上游优化处理的精子，与3种不同的中药刺五加提取物一起孵化0h、0．5h、2h后，采用计算机辅助的精子分析系统(CASA)检测精子的运动参数。结果 刺五加水层及饱和正丁醇层提取物在体外能显著提高人精子的活率、前向性运动百分率、直线运动速度(VsL)和曲线运动速度(VCL)。结论 中药刺五加水层和饱和正丁醇层提取物在体外能显著改善人精子的运动功能。     

刺五加注射液与茶碱、咖啡因体外对精子运动功能影响的比较研究

目的:比较刺五加注射液与茶碱、咖啡因体外对精子运动功能的影响。方法:由12例弱精子症患者通过手淫获得并经上游优化处理的精子分别与一定浓度的刺五加注射液(10g/L)、咖啡因(7mmol/L)和茶碱(3mmol/L)一起孵化0h、1h、3h后,采用计算机辅助精液分析系统(CASA)检测精子的运动参数(精子活动率、前向性运动百分率、直线运动速度、曲线运动速度)。结果:刺五加注射液在体外能显著提高人精子活动率,前向性运动精子百分率,精子直线运动速度和曲线运动速度,其改善精子运动功能优于茶碱和咖啡因,差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:中药刺五加注射液在体外能显著改善人精子的运动功能。     

双丁酰环磷酸腺苷对人精子运动功能的影响

目的 :通过研究双丁酰环磷酸腺苷 (dbcAMP)对体外人精子的运动功能有无影响 ,了解环磷酸腺苷 /蛋白激酶A(cAMP/PKA)信号传导通道是否参与人精子运动功能的调节。　方法 :10例健康生育男性手淫获得并经上游优化处理的精子与不同浓度的dbcAMP一起孵育 2 0、30、6 0min后 ,采用计算机辅助的精液分析系统 (CASA)检测精子的运动参数。　结果 :dbcAMP在体外能显著提高人精子的活率及前向性运动百分率 ,并且随浓度的增加 ,这种作用显著增强 ,而对精子的形态及直线速度 (VSL)和曲线速度 (VCL)无明显影响。　结论 :dbcAMP在体外能提高人精子的运动功能     

活性氧致人精子运动功能和存活力变化的分析

目的 :对活性氧 (ROS)作用后精子的运动参数和存活率的变化进行分析 ,以证实ROS是否为引起精子运动功能障碍的病因之一。　方法 :采用Percoll梯度离心法选择具有正常生理功能的人精子作为正常精子模型 ,应用次黄嘌呤 黄嘌呤氧化酶体系产生ROS ,在有氧环境下与精子模型孵育后 ,运用计算机辅助精液分析 (CASA)系统 ,分析ROS攻击后精子运动参数的改变。　结果 :与对照组相比 ,正常精子模型与ROS孵育 30min后 ,精子活动率、曲线速度 (VCL)、直线速度 (VSL)、平均路径速度 (VAP)均明显下降 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,头侧摆幅度 (ALH)尚无明显改变 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,而与ROS孵育 6 0min后 ,精子运动功能近乎丧失 ,精子主要运动参数趋向于零。　结论 :ROS与正常精子作用后 ,可导致精子运动功能下降 ,从而证实ROS为精子运动功能障碍的病因之一。     

重组人睾丸精子结合蛋白对人精子运动参数的影响

目的:探讨重组人睾丸精子结合蛋白(TSBP)对体外培养人精子运动参数的影响。方法:将22例生育男性的精液经Percoll密度梯度离心后,分别与0.01mg/ml及0.1mg/ml的重组His6-TSBP在体外共同孵育1h或3h,同时设立对照组,Western印迹检测重组His6-TSBP与精子膜的结合情况,计算机辅助精液分析(CASA)系统测定重组His6-TSBP对精子运动参数的影响。将12例弱精子症患者的精液按同样方法处理,检测重组His6-TSBP对弱精子症患者精子运动参数的影响。结果:0.1mg/ml重组His6-TSBP与生育男性精子作用1h可以提高体外培养精子的前向运动百分率(a+b级精子百分率),培养3h后前向运动百分率和活率均有所提高,差异具有显著性(P<0.05);0.01mg/ml重组His6-TSBP对检测各指标均无显著性影响。0.1mg/ml重组His6-TSBP与弱精子症患者精子作用3h可以提高精子前向运动百分率(P<0.05),但对活率无显著影响。结论:0.1mg/ml的重组His6-TSBP在体外可以提高生育男性精子的前向运动百分率和活率及弱精子症患者精子的前向运动百分率。     

生脉注射液在体外对精子运动能力和存活时间的影响

目的:观察生脉注射液对人精子运动参数和存活时间的影响。方法:将33例正常生育男性精液均分为两份,一份与生脉注射液+Hams-F10孵育,一份与Hams-F10共孵育。于0.5、1、2、4、8、12 h取样,检测精子存活率、并应用计算机辅助精子分析系统(CASA)测定精子的直线运动速度(VSL)、曲线运动速度(VCL)、平均路径速度(VAP)和头部侧摆幅度(ALH)等精子运动参数。结果:生脉组在孵育8 h时VCL明显高于Hams-F10组(P<0.05),12 h时生脉组VCL显著增高(P<0.01)。孵育4、8、12 h,生脉组VSL和VAP明显高于Hams-F10组(P<0.05)。孵育2、4、8、12 h时生脉组ALH明显高于Hams-F10组(P<0.05)。两份精液各时间段的精子死活比率相比,除12 h时有明显差异(P<0.05)外,其他各时间段无明显差异。结论:生脉注射液能提高精子的运动能力、延长精子的体外存活时间。     

Influence of several uropathogenic microorganisms on human sperm motility parameters in vitro

Aim: The effects of certain uropathogenic microorganisms (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis) on human sperm motility characteristics were studied in vitro. Methods: In 10 healthy fertile men, ejaculates were aseptically obtained by masturbation and With a swim-up technique, a sperm suspension of high motility and purity was obtained. Several uropathogenic bacteria were obtained from outpatients with genitourinary tract infections. The sperm suspension was incubated with the pathogens at a bacteria: sperm ratio of 50:1 at 37℃. The sperm mobility parameters were estimated with a computerassisted sperm analyzer (CASA) provided with a multiple-exposure photography system (Madi Corp., Zhejiang, China). Measurements were carried out at 0, 2 and 4 hours of incubation. Results: Staphylococcus aureus significantly decreased the sperm motility and viability, but Staphylococcus epidermidis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae d     

卡托普利体外对人精子运动参数的影响

目的:探讨卡托普利体外对人精子运动参数的影响。方法:将卡托普利注射液配制成1×10-5、1×10-6及1×10-7mol/L 3组浓度,分别在体外作用于取自正常生育男性并经Percoll梯度离心处理的精子。分别将3组卡托普利溶液各20μl与180μl精子悬液混匀,均于作用5 m in后采用计算机辅助精液分析系统检测精子运动参数。结果:3组不同浓度卡托普利溶液与精子作用5 m in后,精子活率和前向运动精子百分率明显降低(P<0.05);其他运动参数无明显变化。结论:卡托普利能显著降低精子活率和前向运动精子百分率,对其他运动参数无显著影响。     

Influence of tris(4-chlorophenyl)methanol, non-ortho PCB 77 and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane on human sperm function in vitro

In recent years, there has been growing concern that environmental pollutants in general, and organochlorines in particular, adversely affect male fertility. Therefore, we investigated the effects of tris(4-chlorophenyl)methanol (TCPM), non-ortho PCB 77 and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-HCH, lindane) on human sperm functions in vitro. Human spermatozoa from healthy donors were washed in human tubular fluid medium containing 1% human serum albumin, filtered through glass wool and exposed to different concentrations of TCPM, PCB 77 or gamma-HCH. After incubation for 5 h at 37 degrees C and 5% CO(2), sperm vitality and the percentage of living acrosome-reacted spermatozoa were examined using triple stain technique. Total sperm motility was evaluated by computer-assisted sperm analysis (Stroemberg-Mika) after 5 h. For TCPM, total motility was additionally measured after 18 and 40 h. Different concentrations of PCB 77 and gamma-HCH did not alter the percentage of spontaneous living acrosome-reacted spermatozoa, vitality and total motility. TCPM dose-dependently altered sperm motility, vitality and acrosome reaction. The percentage of living acrosome-reacted spermatozoa was increased at overtly toxic concentrations. Therefore, it is suggested that unspecific acrosomal loss has been induced by degenerative processes. In conclusion, even high concentrations of PCB 77 and gamma-HCH did not affect human sperm functions in vitro. Only very high cytotoxic TCPM concentrations modulated spontaneous acrosome reaction and total motility. Therefore, in vivo effects on human sperm function seem to be unlikely. However, individual susceptibility has to be considered and little is known about additive and possible synergistic effects as other environmental pollutants with similar potencies have been found in the human male and female reproductive tract.     

Freezing-free preservation of human spermatozoa--a pilot study

This study tested a method for maintaining human spermatozoa without freezing for subsequent use in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). We demonstrated that human sperm stored in electrolyte-free solution maintain their motility and viability for at least 4 and 6 weeks, respectively. We also have shown that preserved spermatozoa are fully functional in ICSI. Sperm chromosome analysis after injection of human sperm into mouse oocytes revealed that two weeks of storage does not negatively affect sperm DNA integrity. A mouse model was used to analyze the ability of preserved sperm to participate in normal embryogenesis. Mouse sperm preserved in electrolyte-free solution in a similar manner as human sperm maintained motility for up to 3 weeks. When mouse spermatozoa stored for 1 week were injected into the oocytes by ICSI, they yielded normal blastoctysts and normal viable fetuses. The results of the study bear significance for human assisted reproduction technologies (ART) and provide clinicians and infertile patients with a new method that can simplify sperm preparation for ICSI, assisting men who are unable to provide semen on the day of assisted fertilization.     

吸入麻醉剂对人精子运动功能影响的体外研究

目的:观察吸入麻醉剂在体外对人精子运动功能的影响。方法:选择人精液20份,上游法优化处理后随机分为异氟醚实验组和七氟醚实验组,各10份。分别观测低浓度和高浓度异氟醚及七氟醚对精子活力的影响,并观察异氟醚和七氟醚停用1h后精子运动功能的变化。精子运动功能采用计算机辅助精子分析系统分析。结果:1.4%～5.6%异氟醚作用于精子0.5～4h后,精子活动率及活力显著升高。停用异氟醚后精子活动率及活力恢复至对照组水平。5.6%～42%异氟醚不引起精子活动率和活力的变化。42%～84%异氟醚可引起精子活动率和活力呈剂量依赖性下降。1.3%～84.5%七氟醚对精子活力无影响。结论:临床浓度异氟醚在体外作用于人精子,可以显著升高精子活动率和活力,并且作用可逆,随着浓度超过42%以上,精子活力和活动率逐渐下降。七氟醚对精子活力没有显著影响。     

Investigations on the Motility of Human Spermatozoa in a Defined Medium in the Presence of Metabolic Inhibitors and of Carnitine

When washed human sperm were incubated in a modified Krebs-Ringer buffer solution in the absence of exogenous metabolizable substrates at 30 degrees C they maintained progressive motility for at least six hours. Under these conditions the spermatozoa apparently utilize endogenous substrates but addition of exogenous substrates (glucose, fructose, acetate, short-chain fatty acids, branched chain amino acids) did not affect the % progressive motility or % total motility of the cells. The phospholipase inhibitors, quinacrine and Upjohn No. 1002, inhibited progressive motility when added to sperm utilizing endogenous substrate, and subsequent addition of oxidative or glycolytic substrates did not reverse the inhibition. In contrast, the inhibition by KCN of progressive motility based upon utilization of endogenous substrate was reversed upon addition of glycolyzable compounds (glucose or fructose). The addition of carnitine or its acetyl-, propionyl-, isobutyryl-, valeryl- or isovaleryl esters did not consistently affect progressive or total motility of sperm samples. The inhibitor, octylsulfobetaine, inhibited sperm motility at a concentration higher than that required for inhibition of carnitine acetyltransferase or translocase activity. On the basis of these results it does not appear that exogenous carnitine has an effect on the motility of human sperm incubated under the conditions described here.     

A direct effect of α-chlorohydrin on rat epididymal spermatozoa

The effect of α-chlorohydrin (α-CH) on rat epididymal spermatozoa was studied in vivo and in vitro. α-CH was injected sc in doses of 5 and 20 mg daily for 16 days. The 20 mg dose resulted in diminished epididymal spermatozoal content (8 pL 4 vs. 44 pL 5 million, m pL SE, n = 5) and motility (13 pL 7 vs. 74 pL 4%) as compared to saline injected-controls. Fertility rates were significantly reduced; control-100% (5/5), 5 mg - 25% (1/4), 20 mg - 0% (0/4). a-CH was added to suspensions of spermatozoa in vitro and a level of 132 μg ml depressed motility by 90% ( P < 0.0001) and O₂ consumption by 40% ( P < 0.05). Intrauterine insemination of in vitro treated spermatozoa was performed in 61 pro-oestrous rats. α-CH treated spermatozoa (from 5.3 to 26.400 μg/ml) were found to be completely infertile compared to untreated spermatozoa which showed a 63% fertility rate. There was almost complete absence of oocytes in the flushed ampullas of recipients of α-CH treated sperm, in the lowest dose which did not affect sperm motility. Thus, α-CH has direct effect upon spermatozoal function and also has a possible effect on the female reproductive tract.     

体外rhTNF-a对人精子运动、线粒体功能影响的实验研究

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