Ectopic liver (choristoma) associated with the gallbladder encountered during laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Access to the gastric remnant and duodenum is lost after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity. Traditionally, a percutaneous transhepatic access to the common bile duct has been used to manage choledocholithiasis and duct strictures. We present a novel method of laparoscopic transgastric endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for managing a benign biliary stricture after a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.     

Ectopic liver encountered during laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Ectopic liver is hepatic tissue that histologically resembles the mother tissue but is located at a site away from its usual location. Initially thought to be a rare anatomical anomaly of no clinical significance, it is now increasingly recognised to be capable of causing clinically relevant pathology. More specifically, it has been associated with a higher incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma, cholelithiasis and cholecystitis. Here, we report a case of ectopic liver encountered incidentally during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.     

Left-sided gallbladder (Sinistroposition) encountered during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A rare case report and review of the literature

IntroductionTrue Left-sided gallbladder (LSG) is a rare anatomical variation with a prevalence of 0.3%. Mainly discovered during the operation, its surgical approach in the laparoscopic setting may be challenging even for an experienced surgeon.Presentation of caseLSG was unexpectedly discovered in a young man during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. There were no pre-operative indications of this sinistroposition. The laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed with minor surgical modifications and it was uneventful. A meticulous review of recent literature about LSGs was conducted as well.DiscussionLSG is a scarce anatomical aberration that is difficultly identified pre-operatively. Surgeons should be aware of this aberration and of its accompanying anatomical variations in order to perform a safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy.ConclusionSurgeons, by placing the patient to left-side up position, are able to expose the Calot’s triangle and possible accompanying anatomical anomalies and thus perform a safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy without difficult surgical modifications.     

Ectopic gallbladder: laparoscopic cholecystectomy

An unusual case of ectopic retroplaced gall bladder is reported. In our patient, this congenital anomaly was detected on ultrasonography and confirmed by CT scan, MRCP, and ERCP. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed without complications. The importance of proper preoperative investigations is emphasized for accurate diagnosis, to rule out biliary tract anomalies, and to properly plan surgical approach and management.     

Carcinoma of the gallbladder found during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a case report and review of the literature.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become an accepted appropriate method for removal of the diseased gallbladder. With cancer of the gallbladder to be expected in 1-2% of all biliary tract operations, it is likely that surgeons may be confronted with the unsuspected finding of gallbladder carcinoma during the course of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We present here a case of gallbladder carcinoma found at laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and discuss the interesting clinical findings associated with this entity, including the preoperative suggestion of Trousseau's syndrome. A review of the pertinent literature is included.     

Major vessel injuries during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a case report

The aim of the study was to investigate major vascular injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which is a rare but potentially lethal complication if not recognized and treated swiftly, usually secondary to placement of the Veress needle or trocar. We report on our experience with a 35-year-old woman presenting an aortic laceration of the anterior wall and a puncture wound penetrating the anterior wall of the inferior vena cava. Repair of the injuries was done using a 5-0 Prolene suture mounted on pledgets. In addition, it was necessary to suture three mesenteric vascular injuries in the posterior peritoneum with Vicryl 2-0. The estimated blood loss was 1300 cc. The patient did well and was discharged on postoperative day 13. The distal abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava and large pelvic vessels are particularly prone to injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. In most cases, the vascular defect can be closed by direct suturing. Rarely is it necessary to reconstruct the injured vessel with an alloplastic prosthetic patch or a prosthetic implant.     

Ectopic gallbladder revisited,laparoscopically: a case report

A case of the rare congenital anomaly ectopic gallbladder is presented. A 16-year-old girl suffered attacks of epigastric pain unrelated to eating. On abdominal ultrasonography, the gallbladder could not be found in its usual position. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography demonstrated the gallbladder on the left side of the common duct and the cystic duct arising from the right hepatic duct. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was done without complication. This appears to be the first reported case of laparoscopic removal of an ectopic gallbladder. The importance of preoperative cholangiography is emphasized for accurate diagnosis and preoperative location of the gallbladder.     

Ectopic liver nodules: a rare finding during cholecystectomy

The ectopic liver (or choristoma) is a rare condition found during autopsy or abdominal exploration for various indications. The authors report two cases of ectopic liver found during laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholestytis. The ectopic liver tissue has been reported to develop in several sites as thoracic cavity, gastrohepatic ligament, adrenal glands, pancreas, esophagus and, above all, gallbladder. The Authors review the literature and report their experience as a contribution to the knowledge of this rare pathological entity.     

左肝外叶异位胆囊行腹腔镜切除术一例

异位胆囊在临床中很少见,在异位胆囊中尤以左肝位较为罕见,而左肝外叶异位胆囊且不伴有内脏全反位的患者更是少之又少.目前腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)已成为胆囊切除术的标准术式,临床医师已熟练掌握,但对于异位胆囊,极大地增加了术中不确定因素及医源性胆管损伤的概率.本文对1例左肝外叶异位胆囊且不伴有内脏全反位患者行LC报道如下.     

Incomplete excision of the gallbladder during laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Dissection and transection of the cystic duct close to the gallbladder has been advocated as a means of avoiding common bile injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). We present three cases in which inadequate identification of the gallbladder—cystic duct junction resulted in incomplete cholecystectomy. In two patients an unsecured gallbladder infundibulum presented as cystic duct leaks and one patient developed recurrent symptomatic cholelithiasis. These cases emphasize the need for complete dissection and visualization of the cystic duct at the gallbladder prior its division and secure ligation during LC.     

Single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy with the TriPort system: a case report

Single port access surgery may be the next generation of minimally invasive surgery. This study reports a recent experience with the TriPort system (trademark pending, Advanced Surgical Concepts, Wicklow, Ireland) to perform a laparoscopic cholecystectomy via a single peri-umbilical incision. To the authors' knowledge, this is one of the first cases of single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy ever performed with this device in the United States. Randomized studies to compare single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy with traditional laparoscopic cholecystectomy, with specific regard to postoperative pain scores, would be helpful in determining how much additional benefit, if any, there is to the patient.     

意外胆囊癌腹腔镜胆囊切除3例报告

回顾性分析 3例腹腔镜胆囊切除术术中意外发现胆囊癌患者的临床特征、病理分期、手术及术后处理措施。常规腹腔镜胆囊切除术、取出胆囊并切开后怀疑胆囊癌者 3例 ,继续腹腔镜下补做胆囊床、胆囊三角区系膜及淋巴结清除。术后病理检查 2例为高分化腺癌 ,1例为中低分化腺癌伴淋巴结转移。术后 2例行腹腔动脉灌注化疗。随访 1 1个月至 6年半 ,无切口种植、腹腔及远处转移。提示对腹腔镜下切除的胆囊怀疑为胆囊癌者应补行或预防性胆囊床、胆囊三角区系膜及淋巴结的清除。对病理检查有淋巴结转移者应行根治性淋巴结清扫。     

Hemobilia complicating elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a case report

Iatrogenic injury to the hepatic or cystic arteries can occur during laparoscopic cholecystectomy and can be seen in isolation or in association with bile-duct injury. The most common manifestation of arterial injury is intraoperative hemorrhage; also, interruption of the right hepatic artery can occur without hemorrhage, and this can be clinically insignificant or associated with hepatic ischemia. A less common manifestation of arterial injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy is presented. A 48-year-old woman had a pseudoaneurysm of the major anterior branch of the right hepatic artery in association with an injury to the common hepatic duct. This complication presented as massive hemobilia after she had been discharged from the hospital. Definitive repair of the pseudoaneurysm was carried out at the time of Roux-en-Y hepaticoje-junostomy for correction of the associated duct injury. This unusual vascular complication should be considered in patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy who demonstrate evidence of late occult or obvious hemorrhage.     

Duodenal duplication complicating laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a case report

Duplication of the gastrointestinal tract is an uncommon congenital abnormality that can occur anywhere from the tongue to the anus. The duodenum is the least common location for such an abnormality, which usually manifests as a spherical cyst-like structure that can present as mechanical bowel obstruction, biliary obstruction or an abdominal mass, among other presentations. Such abnormalities are typically detected during childhood but here we report a case of duodenal duplication discovered as a complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in an adult.     

异位甲状旁腺腺瘤并肾功能不全1例

病例资料 患者男,55岁．因“腰部酸痛1年”于2004年7月26日入住我院泌尿外科。查体：双侧肾区叩击痛阳性。既往有高血压病史,个人史、家族史均无特殊。实验室检查：血钙3．36mmol／L,血磷1．33mmol／L,血碱性磷酸酶（AKP）85．0mmol／L,BUN16．61mmol／L．Cr 312．8μmol／L。B超示：双肾结石,右侧输尿管上段结石并右肾重度积水。先后行右肾穿刺造瘘,右侧输尿管切开取石．左肾经皮肾镜碎石取石,术后结石无残留。     

Beware of the porcelain gallbladder during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Technical problems of retraction and hemorrhage during laparoscopic removal of a porcelain gallbladder are described. Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy was successful, a blood transfusion was required. We believe that porcelain gallbladder is a relative contraindication to laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The merits of plain radiography, computed tomography, and ultrasound in making the diagnosis are also discussed.     

异位甲状腺癌1例

1　病例报告患者　男,54岁。因发现左侧颈部包块50年,进行性增大4年入院,体查:全身未触及肿大淋巴结。左颈后三角区可触及一约55ｃｍ×4.0ｃｍ大小质硬而不规则包块,边界不清,活动度差,表面不平。穿刺细胞学检查为“甲状腺乳头状癌”,作有关检查证实有正常位置甲状腺组织...