乳腺错构瘤1例

患者女性,30岁。发现左乳包块6个月。查体:左乳房外上象限可触及一包块,9 cm×9 cm×4 cm大小,质软光滑,有轻压痛,腋窝淋巴结不肿大。临床诊断:左乳囊肿。手术切除送检。病理检查巨检:粉红色类圆形包块,直径9 cm,表面附有少量脂肪组织,有部分包膜,切面实性、灰白色、质软。镜检:肿瘤由增生的平滑肌组织、脂肪组织及血管构成。肿瘤细胞排列紊乱,中间有乳腺导管埋陷及有黏液变性。平滑肌细胞无异型性,呈交错排列。脂肪组织为成熟的脂肪细胞构成,血管增生。免疫组化:actinv、imentin(),S-100(-)。病理诊断:(左乳)乳腺错构瘤。讨论乳腺错构瘤又…     

乳腺错构瘤1例

患者女性 ,2 8岁。因左乳无痛性肿块 3年入院。查体 :左乳外上象限可触及一肿块 ,体积 3ｃｍ× 3ｃｍ× 3ｃｍ ,与皮肤无粘连。肿块表面光滑 ,质地软 ,边界清楚 ,活动 ,无压痛。Ｂ超示乳腺内实质性肿块 ,有包膜 ,内部回声不规则。术中冷冻报告为错构瘤 ,行肿瘤单纯切除。病理检查　巨检 :椭圆形肿块一个 ,体积 2 5ｃｍ× 2 5ｃｍ× 2 0ｃｍ ,表面光滑 ,包膜完整 ,切面淡黄色质软区与灰白色质韧区成分大致相等 ,彼此交叉。镜检 :淡黄色区主要分布于外周 ,为大量成熟脂肪组织、少量平滑肌束及纤维组织 ;灰白色区主要分布在中央 ,为不规则分…     

婴儿纤维性错构瘤1例

病例男,10岁。因发现右侧会阴部包块1＋年就诊。查体：右侧会阴部至臀部扪及一大小约4 cm×5 cm×10 cm质软包块,边界不清,无压痛,活动度差,局部皮肤无红肿、无破溃。MRI平扫及增强扫描示：右侧会阴部至臀部皮下脂肪层内见团块状异常信号影,最大层面大小约9.8 cm×3.6 cm,边缘不清,T1WI呈等、低混杂信号,T2WI呈高信号,其内见迂曲走行的管状影。     

儿童脾错构瘤1例

患儿男性,10岁。剧烈运动时腹痛,外院B超示脾占位。查体:左上腹轻压痛。CT示脾内类圆形低密度影,边界清,最大横截径为4.72 cm×5.15 cm,增强扫描后明显强化。影像学诊断:首先考虑血管瘤。行脾切除及脾移植术。术中见近脾门处有一肿块直径约5 cm。     

乳腺巨大错构瘤1例

正患者女,38岁,主因"发现右乳腺包块8年余,逐渐增大、并有隐疼感1年余"就诊。查体:右乳增大,于近外上象限触及约5.0cm×7.0cm椭圆形肿物,质地较软,边界清楚,无压痛,压之有囊性感,移动度大,与皮肤无粘连。X线片:右乳外上象限见巨大类椭圆形混合密度肿块影,以低密度为主,约     

肝脏错构瘤1例

患者男 ,10岁。上腹部胀痛 1个月。体检 :右侧肝区有深压痛 ,无肌紧张。ＣＴ显示肝右叶一混杂密度肿物 ,内有囊性区。超声示肝右叶直径约 93ｍｍ的实质性肿物 ,边界清晰 ,稍高回声 ,血运不丰富。ＭＲ平扫及增强 :肝右叶类圆形实质性肿物 ,呈中等信号 ,内有条形长Ｔ1长Ｔ2信号的     

颌面部错构瘤1例分析

对颌面部错构瘤1例分析如下。1病历摘要男,1岁。2009-03-06因颌面部皮赘样物于我院门诊就诊,家长叙述患儿出生时颌面部赘生物就存在,随着患儿身体发育而生长。患儿未诉任何不适,因影响美观由家长带其就诊。查体:一般情况良好,系统检查未见异常,肿物位于左颊部,呈指状突起,直径约1cm,高出皮面约1cm,表面覆盖有皮肤,突起     

胆管错构瘤1例报告

1病例患者，男性，35岁。因间歇性上腹部隐痛8年，加重2个月伴纳差消瘦，收住院。临床检查：一般情况好，心肺正常，腹部平软，未扪及明显肿块，肝肋下二指，质中，无明显压痛点。血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)及乙肝五项化验均为阴性。肝功正常。B超检查：示肝区光点密度模糊，分布不均匀，左外叶见95cm不均质回声区，无明显边界。彩色多谱勒示其内可见线状、分支状彩色血流。PD测及动脉频谱，RI值0．464～0．69。     

眼眶骨瘤1例

患者女,26岁.主因右眼球逐渐突出,视力缓慢下降二年就诊.检查:右眼球明显向前突出,活动受限,右眼眶下可触及质地坚硬肿块,眼底视乳头水肿,视网膜可见放射状压迫条纹,右眼视力4.3,左眼检查正常.     

乳腺错构瘤超声表现1例

患者女,48岁,因无意中发现左乳包块4个多月入院.自觉包块光滑活动,无疼痛.查体:左乳下方距乳头约2 cm处扪及大小约3 cm×2 cm×1.5 cm的包块,光滑,活动,质韧,形态较规则,部分边界较清楚,同侧腋窝未扪及肿大淋巴结.患者曾行"左乳包块针吸细胞学检查",查见成团增生导管上皮细胞.超声检查:左侧乳腺腺体层增厚,内可见不规则的低回声区,边界不清,回声较紊乱(图1).术后病理组织学镜检:透明变性的纤维结缔组织分隔乳腺导管和小叶,其间混杂有不同数量的脂肪组织,个别导管扩张,间质水肿及黏液样变.病理诊断:(左乳)错构瘤.     

Large cystic-solid pulmonary hamartoma: A case report

BACKGROUNDIt now seems that all pulmonary hamartomas (PHs) are large cystic-solid lesions that are difficult to diagnose. However, few cases of large cystic-solid PHs have been reported. The present case report presents a large cystic-solid PH and provides a literature review of the imaging features, formation mechanism and histopathological basis of PHs.CASE SUMMARYA 53-year-old woman with no clinical symptoms underwent a chest computed tomography (CT) examination at our hospital. Nonenhanced CT images revealed a large, flat tumor with multiple air-containing cysts in the left thoracic cavity and a cystic part confined to the medial side of the tumor; the solid part of the tumor showed abundant fat and lamellar soft tissue components. Multiple small blood vessels were detected in the solid part of the tumor on contrast-enhanced CT images. Given the large size of the lesion, the patient elected to undergo surgery. Histological examination revealed PH. A detailed review of the patient’s CT imaging showed that the lesion had a small vascular pedicle to the left lower lobe, which was a clue to its lung tissue histological origin. According to immunohistochemical staining, the confined multiple air-containing cysts were caused by the entrapment of respiratory/alveolar epithelium.CONCLUSIONThis case shows the imaging manifestations of a large PH. Heightened awareness of its formation mechanism and histopathological basis may alert radiologists to consider this diagnosis in their daily workflow.     

Splenic hamartoma: A case report and review of the literature

Splenic hamartoma is a rare benign malformation, composed of an anomalous mixture of normal splenic elements, often found incidentally while working up other complaints or at autopsy. A splenic mass was incidentally found while evaluating the effects of a traffic accident in a 63-year-old woman. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a well-defined splenic mass with rim enhancement. The patient underwent splenectomy. The resected spleen contained a well-defined mass lesion measuring 3.5 cm × 3.0 cm. Microscopic examination revealed disorganized slit-like vascular channels lined by plump endothelial cells without atypia. The cells lining the vascular channels were positive for CD8, CD31, CD34 and vimentin. Endothelial cells that are positive for CD8 are a key feature that differentiates hamartoma from other vascular lesions of the spleen. Although this tumor is very rare, it must be included in the differential diagnosis of splenic mass-forming lesions.     

肾脏错构瘤伴脑结节性硬化2例

例1:女,16岁.因右肾区疼痛2天,查体发现面部多发紫红色皮疹,鼻翼口角之间最大.B超提示考虑错构瘤.肾脏CT表现:双肾多发大小不等、密度不一的占位病变,最大者,有明显坏死液化,未坏死区强化非常明显,瘤内未见脂肪成分,较小病灶强化不明显.头颅CT扫描,发现室管膜下多发钙化结节.诊断:双肾多发错构瘤伴脑结节性硬化.     

CT诊断胸壁错构瘤1例

患者男,46岁,体检时发现右胸壁肿物半月余。CT:右侧胸壁约平右侧第7后肋不规则软组织密度影,约5cm×3cm×3cm,CT值-48～253HU,边界欠清,病灶内部密度不均匀,可见斑片状脂性密度影及钙化灶,邻近肋骨骨质密度尚均匀,未见明确骨质破坏(图1),考虑为错构瘤。行     

超声诊断结节性硬化症颅内结节1例

患者,男,15岁.发作性呕吐半年.查体:智力正常,双重眼底水肿,双侧颊部散在红褐色丘疹.     

肺错构瘤的综合影像学诊断

目的探讨肺错构瘤的X线、CT表现及其诊断价值。方法回顾性分析16例经手术病理证实的肺错构瘤的影像学资料。结果左肺发病6例,右肺10例;除2例出现浅分叶外,其余所有病灶均表现为边界清楚的类圆形结节影,所有病例均为单发病灶。5例胸片病灶表现为边界清楚结节影;11例行cT检查,均表现为边界清楚的结节影,9例薄层扫描可见病灶内脂肪,增强扫描后病变呈轻度强化。结论x线有助于错构瘤的检出,薄层cT平扫及增强扫描对其诊断价值较高。     

乳腺错构瘤超声误诊分析

目的探讨乳腺错构瘤的超声图像特征,提高超声对其诊断的准确率。方法回顾分析经病理证实的31例,34枚乳腺错构瘤病灶的超声图像特点,分析超声漏误诊原因。结果乳腺错构瘤病灶呈圆形或椭圆形,局限性、膨胀性生长,边界清楚,均可探及包膜,后方回声无衰减;34枚病灶中,脂肪为主型12枚,纤维腺体为主型15枚,混合型7枚。彩色多普勒超声显示肿瘤主要为乏血供。34枚病灶中被超声误诊为脂肪瘤5枚,纤维腺瘤2枚,局限性增生性病变9枚,诊断符合率为50%。结论乳腺错构瘤超声易误诊,混杂回声及完整包膜是乳腺错构瘤超声特征性表现,其内部回声因瘤体内所含脂肪和纤维腺体成分的数量不同而异,对该疾病超声表现的充分认识和了解,可提高超声诊断的准确率。