兔骨髓间充质干细胞的体外培养及形态学观察

目的：对兔骨髓间充质干细胞进行体外分离培养,观察其形态学特征。方法：通过密度梯度离心联合贴壁培养法,对兔骨髓间充质干细胞进行体外分离、扩增、纯化,倒置相差显微镜观察其形态学特点。结果：体外培养的兔骨髓间充质干细胞为贴壁生长,长梭形成纤维细胞样细胞,可增殖形成克隆。结论：兔骨髓间充质干细胞通过密度梯度离心联合贴壁培养法可大量扩增、纯化,并表现为一定的形态学生长特征。     

人骨髓间充质干细胞体外分离培养方法的改进

目的：对人骨髓间充质干细胞(Mesenchvmal stem cells，MSCs)的体外分离纯化、培养扩增方法的改进，为MSCs的进一步诱导分化和应用奠定基础方法：抽取人骨髓细胞，采用密度梯度离心结合贴壁培养法进行分离纯化，并传代扩增，测定生长曲线和贴壁率，形态学观察，流式细胞仪检测其表面抗原表达。结果：密度梯度离心结合贴壁培养法能有效分离纯化人骨髓MSCs，MSCs在含胎牛血清的L—DMEM培养液中生长性状相对稳定，细胞基本呈成纤维细胞样生长，1、3、5代细胞生长曲线、贴壁率基本相同，贴壁存活率高，表达CD29、CD44、CD105、CD166。结论：密度梯度离心结合贴壁培养法能有效分离纯化人骨髓MSCs，在含胎牛血清的L-DMFM培养液中，细胞稳定扩增。     

骨髓间充质干细胞的分离、培养、鉴定及生物学特性研究

目的 通过体外细胞培养和贴壁筛选法将骨髓间充质干细胞由骨髓中分离纯化并加以鉴定，观察该细胞的生物学特性，为其用于组织工程提供实验基础。方法 提取骨髓，通过离心和贴壁筛选培养获取骨髓间充质干细胞，原位杂交检测骨髓间充质干细胞的表面标志CD44对培养细胞进行鉴定；测定其生长曲线和贴壁率。结果 通过体外培养和贴壁筛选可获得骨髓间充质干细胞，该细胞在体外培养条件下可在短时间内贴壁生长，增殖速度迅速，适应性强，长期传代不改变其生物学特性。结论 体外细胞培养和贴壁筛选能有效分离纯化免骨髓间充质干细胞，细胞扩增稳定。     

人骨髓间充质干细胞分离培养及生物学特性研究

目的 探讨体外培养骨髓间充质干细胞的一些生物学特性，为利用MSCs进行疾病的细胞治疗提供实验基础。方法 密度梯度离心，贴壁培养和消化时间控制相结合，分离纯化人骨髓间充质干细胞，并用马血清诱导分化为脂肪细胞。结果 分离获得了高纯度贴壁生长的MSCs。MSCs原代培养呈均匀分布的集落样生长，呈梭形。细胞传代稳定，在体外连续传代培养9代，未发生形态学改变，无衰老征象；传代培养MSCs（P3）在20％马血清的L—DMEM培养液中分化为脂肪细胞。结论 采用Percoll细胞分离液密度梯度离心，贴壁培养和消化时间控制相结合，可以获得纯度较高和活性骨髓MSC，是简便有效使用可行的方法；骨髓MSCs体外增殖和传代能力强，通过离体培养可使体内环境下低丰度的MSCs实现数量扩增；     

大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的分离培养及表型和功能特点

目的 建立体外分离纯化、培养扩增大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells，MSCs)的方法，探讨其表型和功能特点。方法 用密度梯度离心结合贴壁培养法分离纯化大鼠骨髓MSCs，传代扩增，测定生长曲线，通过形态学观察，细胞化学及免疫细胞化学法分析大鼠骨髓MSCs的表型和功能特点。结果 MSCs属骨髓中单个核细胞，密度梯度离心结合贴壁培养法能有效分离纯化大鼠骨髓MSCs，在含10％小牛血清的L-DMEM中，1、3、5代细胞生长曲线基本相同，增殖快，每传代一次细胞约增加2．2倍。细胞呈均一的成纤维细胞样，表达CD44、CD54、纤维粘连蛋白(fibronectin，FN)、Ⅰ型胶原(collagenⅠ)。加入地塞米松(Dex 10^-8mol／L)、β-甘油磷酸钠(β-GP 10mmol／L)、抗坏血酸(AA50μg／ml)可诱导MSCs分化为成骨细胞，碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase，ALP)活性增高，形成矿化结节。结论 所分离、培养的细胞具有间充质干细胞的表型和功能特点，建立了体外分离纯化、培养扩增大鼠骨髓MSCs的方法。     

人骨髓间充质干细胞的分离和体外培养

目的 探讨骨髓间充质干细胞的体外分离和培养方法。方法 采用密度梯度离心法和贴壁法进行骨髓间充质干细胞的分离，体外培养并观察其形态学特点。结果 细胞呈梭形或星形，4-5代内具有良好的增殖能力。结论 该方法是一种较理想的骨髓间充质干细胞培养方法。     

大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的分离培养及荧光标记的实验研究

目的建立一种分离纯化,培养扩增、荧光标记骨髓间充质干细胞的方法,为利用MSCs进行疾病的细胞治疗提供实验基础。方法密度梯度离心,贴壁培养和消化时间控制相结合,分离纯化骨髓间充质干细胞,并用荧光活性杂料CM-Dil标记。结果分离获得了高纯度贴壁生长的MSCs。MSCs原代培养呈均匀分布的集落样生长,呈梭形,细胞传代稳定,在体外连续传代培养9代,未发生形态学改变,无衰老征象;CM-Dil标记后,荧光显微镜下观察,见全部细胞标记后呈红色荧光,DIL标记阳性率为100%,标记的骨髓MSCs呈梭形,保持了良好的形。结论采用淋巴细胞分离液密度梯度离心,贴壁培养和消化时间控制相结合,以获得纯度较高和活性骨髓MSC,是简便有效使用可行的方法;CM-Dil是一种简洁、有效的标记骨髓MSCs的方法。     

离心并贴壁法培养兔骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨特性

目的 观察密度梯度离心并贴壁培养法体外分离纯化兔骨髓间充质干细胞的效果,以及诱导后的兔骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨特性.方法 采用密度梯度离心法结合贴壁培养法分离兔骨髓间充质干细胞.采用倒置显微镜进行形态学观察、免疫细胞化学法鉴定骨髓间充质干细胞膜抗原;经成骨培养液诱导培养后,对碱性磷酸酶活性、细胞矿化形成钙化结节的能力进行测定.结果 分离的骨髓间充质干细胞2 h后贴壁,贴壁细胞平均10 d[]形成克隆,细胞表型稳定.诱导条件下,细胞碱性磷酸酶活性明显增高,Von.ossa染色可见矿化结节.结论 密度梯度离心结合贴壁培养法能有效分离纯化兔骨髓间充质干细胞,用此种方法培养的细胞具有骨髓间充质干细胞的一般生物学特性.     

人骨髓间充质干细胞体外分离培养的实验研究

目的探索体外分离培养人骨髓间充质干细胞的方法并观察基本生长特性，为今后研究其分化提供实验依据。方法：采用Ficoll-Paque淋巴细胞分离液分离人骨髓间充质干细胞，体外培养扩增，在倒置相差显微镜下观察细胞形态变化，细胞计数法绘制生长曲线，流式细胞仪检测细胞周期。结果：密度梯度离心法可获得较高纯度的骨髓间充质干细胞，细胞形态呈圆形、三角形或棒杆状，48h后细胞开始贴壁，4-5d可见有集落形成，2w左右可达到基本融合。生长曲线示骨髓间充质干细胞增殖活跃，流式细胞仪检测显示约有86％的细胞处于G0、G1期。结论：人骨髓间充质干细胞在体外培养条件下生长性状稳定，增殖能力较强，可作为肝组织工程中理想的种子细胞来源。     

小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的体外培养和鉴定

目的采用全骨髓贴壁培养法分离和体外培养小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,并通过形态学观察和排除鉴定法进行初步鉴定。方法无菌分离小鼠胫骨和股骨,剪开骨干骺端,用RPMI1640培养基反复液冲洗骨髓腔,收集并过滤离心。DMEM—LG培养基重悬细胞,将细胞悬液转入0．1％明胶包被的培养瓶中,37℃,5％CO2常规进行原代培养并传代。在培养过程中,取不同代数的细胞做CD45流式标记鉴定。结果采用全骨髓贴壁培养法获得的骨髓间充质干细胞贴壁时间短,增殖快,经传代后能够纯化。第4-5代骨髓间充质干细胞形态单一均匀,呈典型的极性漩涡状生长,并不表达白细胞标志抗原CD45。结论本实验可稳定获得均质性良好的小鼠骨髓问充质干细胞,并初步通过鉴定。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.