血清载脂蛋白和血脂含量与脑血管病关系的实验性研究

对５０例脑梗死和５０例脑出血患者血清中载脂蛋白（ＡｐｏＡＩ、ＡｐｏＢ１００）、血脂（ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）的含量进行测定，发现其ＡｐｏＡＩ和ＨＤＬ－Ｃ均明显低于健康人。而ＴＧ、ＡｐｏＢ１００均显著高于健康人。因此，测定血清脂质尤其是载脂蛋白水平的变化对了解脑血管动脉硬化的形成、发展及预后都有重要的意义。     

血清载脂蛋白产血脂含量与脑血管病关系的实验性研究

对５０例脑梗死和５０例脑出血患者血清中载脂蛋白（ＡｐｏＡＩ、ＡｐｏＢ１００）、血脂（ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）的含量进行测定，发现其ＡｐｏＡＩ和ＨＤＬ－Ｃ无明显低于健康人。而ＴＧ、ＡｐｏＢ１００均显著高于健康人。因此，测定血清脂质尤其是载脂蛋白水平的变化对了解脑血管动脉硬化的形成、发展及预后都有重要的意义。     

吡啶-2,6(1H,3H)二酮生物碱对血小板聚集及血栓素B_2和6-酮-前列腺素_(Iα)的影响

观测ＳＨ１对ＡＤＰ，ＡＡ，Ｃｏｌａｇｅｎ诱导的兔血小板聚集及ＴＸＢ２和６－ｋｅＴＯ－ＰＧＦＩα生成的影响。用比浊法测定了透骨草提取的单体生物碱结晶ＳＨ１体外对兔血小板聚集的影响，用放免法测定ＴＸＢ２和６－ｋｅＴＯ－ＰＧＦＩα的含量。结果：ＳＨ１０．８～３．０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内明显抑制ＡＡ，ＡＤＰ，Ｃｏｌａｇｅｎ诱导的兔血小板聚集。ＳＨ１对三种诱导剂的最大抑制率分别为６２．１６％，４５．２５％，５３．６７％。大剂量组明显加快ＡＤＰ诱导的血小板聚集后的解聚速度，ＳＨ１显著延长Ｃｏｌａｇｅｎ的诱导起聚时间。其抑制作用有明显的量效关系，对ＡＡ诱导的ＴＸＢ２产生明显抑制作用，可使６－ｋｅＴＯ－ＰＧＦＩα的含量略有增加，但６－ｋｅＴＯ－ＰＧＦＩα／ＴＸＢ２比值显著增大     

国家集训队教练员载脂蛋白A－I基因多态性及其与血浆脂质水平关系的研究

为从分子遗传水平探讨教练员高脂血症及潜在的动脉粥样硬化（Ａｓ）或冠心病（ＣＨＤ）的病因，我们通过Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ分子杂交法，用人载脂蛋白Ａ－ＩｃＤＮＡ探针，对５１名优秀运动员出身的国家集训队教练员进行载脂蛋白Ａ－Ｉ基因ＰｓｔＩ位点的限制性片段长度多态性（ＲＦＬＰｓ）分析。杂交结果出现２．２ｋｂ和３．３ｋｂ两条与文献报道近似的杂交带，５１名教练员中Ｐ＿２等位基因（３．３ｋｂ）频率为０．１３。与一文献报道的在中国人群中所作的类似研究比较，Ｐ＿２等位基因频率，教练员接近陈旧性心梗患者（Ｐ＿２频率＝０．２０，Ｐ＞０．０５），而显著高于正常对照人群（Ｐ＿２频率＝０．０２，Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示优秀运动员出身的教练员和／或优秀运动员具有某些遗传特异性，尤其值得重视的是潜在的Ａｓ或ＣＨＤ易感性。本研究中，具有或不具Ｐ＿２等位基因的教练员，ＴＧ、ＴＣ、ＨＤＬ－ｃ、ａｐｏＡ－Ｉ、ａｐｏＢ等五种血脂水平无显著差异。     

OSTEOGENIC POTENTIAL OF RABBIT DERMAL FIBROBLASTS CULTURED IN VITRO: A HISTOCHEMICAL AND RADIOAUTO-GRAPHICAL STUDY

ＯＳＴＥＯＧＥＮＩＣＰＯＴＥＮＴＩＡＬＯＦＲＡＢＢＩＴＤＥＲＭＡＬＦＩＢＲＯＢＬＡＳＴＳＣＵＬＴＵＲＥＤＩＮＶＩＴＲＯ：ＡＨＩＳＴＯＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＬＡＮＤＲＡＤＩＯＡＵＴＯ┐ＧＲＡＰＨＩＣＡＬＳＴＵＤＹＣＨＡＩＢｅｎ－ｆｕ（柴本甫），ＴＡＮＧＸｕｅ－...     

教练员高脂血症的环境因素分析──Ⅰ．教练员血浆脂质和载脂蛋白水平的特点

本研究以北京市体工队教练员６１人，健康体检者８４人和心肌梗塞患者８４人等３组人群为对象，进行血脂检测与问卷调查，并对教练员高脂血症的病因及发病过程中环境因素所起的作用进行研究，结果表明：教练员高脂血症的检出率为５７．４％，明显高于正常人，低于心梗患者；教练员组血浆ＴＣ，ａｐｏＢ，ＬＤＬ／ＨＤＬ，（ＴＣ－ＨＤＬ）／ＨＤＬ水平明显高于正常人组；ＨＤＬ，ａｐｏＡＩ／ａｐｏＢ水平明显低于正常人组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。心梗患者组的ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＬＤＬ、ａｐｏＢ和Ｌｐ（ａ）水平都明显高于对照组和教练员组；ＨＤＬ，ａｐｏＡＩ／ａｐｏＢ水平明显低于对照组和教练员组（Ｐ＜０．０５），环境因素分析表明，吸烟和肉食过多是高脂血症的危险因素；经常运动锻炼对高脂血症具有防病作用。教练员患高脂血症的危险程度介于正常人和心梗患者之间。     

ApoE基因敲除鼠12周游泳运动前后纤溶激活功能的改变

目的：探讨ＡｐｏＥ在长期有氧运动中影响纤溶激活作用中的有关机制。方法：以ＡｐｏＥ基因敲除（ＡｐｏＥ－／－）鼠为实验组、以相同遗传背景的Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６Ｊ鼠为对照组建立运动模型。结果：１２周游泳后，对照组鼠ＴＧ（０．９６±０．３０ｖｓ０．５４±０．０７０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｐ＜０．０１）和ＰＡＩ（０．９２±０．０７ｖｓ０．８０±０．０９ＡＵ／ｍｌ，Ｐ＜０．０５）降低，ｔＰＡ升高（０．６０±０．１２ｖｓ１．０４±０．２３ＩＵ／ｍｌ，Ｐ＜０．０１）；而ＡｐｏＥ－／－鼠的ＴＧ（１．２８±０．３４ｖｓ１．２９±０．３２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｐ＞０．０５）和ＰＡＩ（０．７４±０．１０ｖｓ０．７９±０．０４ＡＵ／ｍｌ，Ｐ＞０．０５）均没有显著变化，ｔＰＡ（０．７１±０．１５ｖｓ０．９７±０．１７ＩＵ／ｍｌ，Ｐ＜０．０１）升高。结论：长期有氧运动使对照小鼠纤溶激活作用明显改善，其机制与ＴＧ和含ＡｐｏＥ脂蛋白水平降低导致ＬＲＰ清除ｔＰＡ－ＰＡＩ作用加强、ＰＡＩ抑制作用减弱及ｔＰＡ合成水平增加有关。Ａｐ ｏＥ－／－鼠运动后，ＰＡＩ水平稳定而ｔＰＡ活性增加，提示ｔＰＡ合成作用增强。     

运动对预防大鼠高脂血症的作用及其机理研究

大鼠在喂饲高脂高胆固醇饲料的同时,给予有氧运动（游泳）训练７周,观察有氧运动对高脂血症的预防作用并探讨其作用机理。结果发现：有氧运动可显著改善高脂膳食所引起的脂质代谢紊乱,有氧运动组大鼠的血ＴＣ,ＬＤＬ,ＨＤＬ,ＴＧ和Ａｐｏ　Ｂ水平都明显低于高脂饲料组,血浆ＡｐｏＡＩ水平明显高于高脂饲料组。运动对高脂所引起的抗氧化能力下降有明显的恢复作用。同时运动可以减少ＬＤＬＲｍＲＮＡ在血管壁的表达,上调ＬＤＬＲ　ｍＲＮＡ在肝脏的转录和蛋白表达,减少脂质沉积,促进脂质清除。     

21d头低位卧床中几种体液调节激素的变化

目的观察卧床模拟失重所致血浆肾素活性（ＰＲＡ）、醛固酮（Ａｌｄ）及前列腺素（ＰＧＩ２）的变化和ＬＢＮＰ对抗措施对上述激素的影响。方法１２名健康男性志愿者进行了２１ｄＨＤＴ－６°卧床实验。被试者年龄２３．７±５．０岁,随机等分为对照组（ＣＯＮ）和下体负压（ＬＢＮＰ）组。ＬＢＮＰ组在卧床最后一周进行下体负压锻炼（－３０ｍｍＨｇ,１ｈ／ｄ）。卧床前、卧床第２、４、１１天及卧床结束日清晨分别抽取肘静脉血。结果与卧床前相比,Ａｌｄ在第２天显著下降（ＣＯＮ－３０％,Ｐ＜０．０５;ＬＢＮＰ－３８％,Ｐ＜０．０１）,在第１１天显著上升（ＣＯＮ＋３０％,Ｐ＜０．０５;ＬＢＮＰ＋４８％,Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＰＲＡ在第４天达到峰值（Ｐ＜０．０５）,第２２天回落到低于对照水平。ＰＧＩ２在ＨＤＴ过程中均高于对照水平。对照组在第２２天增加＋２６０％（Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＬＢＮＰ组在第１１天,第２２天分别升高１４９％,１０２％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。采用ＬＢＮＰ对抗措施后,ＰＲＡ,Ａｌｄ在两组间无明显差别,ＰＧＩ２在ＬＢＮＰ组未进一步升高。结论２１ｄ头低位卧床导致ＰＲＡ、Ａｌｄ的一过性升高及ＰＧＩ２持续性升高。     

L─ARGININE IMPROVES THE SPLANCHNIC VASODILATATION AND INTESTINAL BLOOD FLOW IN ENDOTOXEMIA

Ｌ┐ＡＲＧＩＮＩＮＥＩＭＰＲＯＶＥＳＴＨＥＳＰＬＡＮＣＨＮＩＣＶＡＳＯＤＩＬＡＴＡＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＩＮＴＥＳＴＩＮＡＬＢＬＯＯＤＦＬＯＷＩＮＥＮＤＯＴＯＸＥＭＩＡＸＩＡＯＮａｎ（肖南），ＣＨＥＮＨｕｉ－ｓｕｎ（陈惠孙），ＨＵＤｅ－ｙａｏ（胡德耀）ＬＵＳ...     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.