北京市机关单位成年人高血压危险因素调查

目的:调查北京市机关单位成年人高血压患病的主要危险因素。方法:采用整群抽样的方法调查2008年6月至2008年12月在北京医院体检中心体检的成年人,共8 867人。应用SPSS17.0软件进行单因素和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果:调查对象高血压患病率为27.24%。非条件多因素Logistic回归分析显示:年龄、家族史(①父或母亲有高血压,②双亲均有高血压)、腰围、血糖、尿酸、甘油三酯和和体重指数(超重,肥胖)是高血压患病的独立危险因素,OR值分别为2.164、2.007~2.387,1.816、1.490、1.386、1.408,1.323~2.482,P0.001,其中肥胖比超重,父母双方患高血压比单亲患高血压风险更大。结论:年龄、家族史、腰围、血糖、尿酸、甘油三酯和体重指数是北京市机关单位职工高血压发病的独立危险因素。     

老年糖尿病的死亡原因及其相关危险因素分析

303例住院死亡的老年糖尿病患者与同期住院的301例糖尿病患者的临床资料进行比较。结果：肾病、心、脑血管并发症是糖尿病的主要死亡原因，高血糖、高血压、脂代谢紊乱等是糖尿病患者死亡的危险因素。结论：严格控制血糖、血压及血脂，是降低糖尿病患者病死率的主要措施。     

老年糖尿病的死亡原因及其相关危险因素分析

303例住院死亡的老年糖尿病患者与同期住院的301例糖尿病患者的临床资料进行比较.结果肾病、心、脑血管并发症是糖尿病的主要死亡原因,高血糖、高血压、脂代谢紊乱等是糖尿病患者死亡的危险因素.结论严格控制血糖、血压及血脂,是降低糖尿病患者病死率的主要措施.     

浙江省杭州市西湖区高血压流行现状及危险因素分析

目的 了解浙江省杭州市西湖区居民高血压患病情况及其相关危险因素,为本区高血压病防治干预提供科学依据.方法 通过整群抽样的方式对西湖区8个社区年满35岁以上的居民入户进行问卷调查及相关体格检查,数据用Epidata3.1进行录入,SPSS 13.0进行统计分析.结果 杭州市西湖区人群的高血压患病率为46.5％,男性患病率显著高于女性(51.9％比41.3％;P ＜0.0001).该社区高血压的知晓率为70.2％,控制率为23.8％.随着年龄的增加,男性和女性的患病率均呈增高趋势(P ＜0.0001).与正常体质指数者相比,超重、肥胖患者的高血压患病率显著升高(51.5％和59.0％比36.1％;P ＜0.0001).Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、性别、饮酒、超重/肥胖、糖代谢异常及高甘油三酯是高血压的独立危险因素(P＜0.05).结论 杭州市西湖区居民高血压患病率处于较高水平,人群分布及相关危险因素具有一定的地域特征,高血压的预防控制应结合本地特点进行针对性干预.     

老年人医院内获得性肺炎的危险因素分析

目的 了解老年人医院内获得性肺炎(HAP)的发病率,筛查并确定老年人HAP发病危险因素尤其是高危因素.方法 多中心前瞻性队列研究.选2004年3-6月上海市31所二、三级医院新入院的老年患者为研究对象,统计HAP发病率及分析相关危险因素.结果 (1)共入组5299例老年患者,年龄65～96(74.3±5.9)岁.合并慢性疾病的老年患者占28.5%.APACHE Ⅱ评分为5～31(8.3±3.4)分.确诊为HAP者255例(4.81%),发病率46.75/1000住院日,粗病死率为14.90%.(2)HAP发病率较高的科室依次为ICU(21.43%)、血液科(12.17%)、胸外科(11.41%)、呼吸科(7.92%).(3)多因素logistic回归分析显示,入住二级医院或ICU、慢性阻塞性肺疾病病程≥10年、心肺功能不全、肝硬化失代偿期、卒中或脑外伤、免疫抑制、入院后使用抗菌药物或制酸剂、鼻胃管留置、机械通气、意识障碍、活动受限、血清白蛋白＜35g/L为老年人HAP发病的独立危险因素.结论 老年人HAP发病的独立危险因素众多,需要综合防治才能有效控制HAP的发生.     

吉林省长春地区农村中老年人血糖相关危险因素

目的 分析及探讨中国长春地区农村中老年人生活习惯的变化对血糖的影响,为预防血糖升高所带来的各种疾病提供有效的依据.方法 通过问卷调查、体格检查和临床血液检查获得研究对象基础调查资料,之后每年相同时间进行随访调查,并与基础调查比较,获得研究对象3～5年内生活习惯的变化和各项体检指标变化情况的资料.数据管理与录入采用Excel2007和Epidata3.0录入软件,用SPSS13.0进行统计学分析.结果 不同年龄段、不同性别、不同民族和不同文化程度之间血糖人·年升高率无统计学差异(P＞0.05),生活习惯中,坚持做运动或运动量增加的人群比其他人群血糖人·年升高率明显的低(P＜0.05).体格检查和临床血液检查中,增肥人群和收缩压升高人群的血糖人·年升高率明显高于其他人群(P＜0.05).Cox逐步回归多因素分析结果,收缩压升高组和增肥组的血糖人·年升高率高于无变化组(P＜0.05),运动增强组的血糖人·年升高率明显低于一直不做运动组(P＜0.05).结论 在3～5年内,显著影响血糖的危险因素是收缩压和肥胖,而运动是血糖升高的保护因素.     

迁西县农村高血压并发症的危险因素分析

目的：分析迁西县农村居民高血压并发症的危险因素。方法通过分层抽样和整群抽样方法，选择迁西县农村居民4013例，根据2010年《中国高血压防治指南》确诊高血压患者312例。采用自制的调查问卷进行调查，内容包括一般情况、个人习惯、抗高血压用药情况、高血压并发症情况，分析高血压并发症的保护因素和危险因素。结果不饮酒、经常进行体育锻炼、规律使用抗高血压药物、血压控制良好为高血压并发症发生的保护因素（P＜0．05或＜0．01），现行饮酒、从未进行体育锻炼、从未服用药物、未控制血压及控制较差、体质量指数增加为高血压并发症发生的危险因素（P＜0．05或＜0．01）。结论合理膳食，戒烟限酒、适量运动、改变不良生活习惯、规律规范使用抗高血压药物，控制好血压可以延缓高血压并发症的发生。     

南京某医院中青年体检人群高血压前期和高血压病流行现状及其危险因素分析

目的:通过分析中青年群体高血压前期和高血压病的患病现状及可能危险因素,为相应疾病防控提供研究依据。方法:选取南京鼓楼医院体检中心2009—2016年的中青年（18~44岁为青年,45~59岁为中年）体检人群作为研究对象,通过分析该人群的体检资料,探讨高血压前期［收缩压120~139 mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 ...     

南宁市某社区居民慢性病及其危险因素变化趋势分析

目的了解南宁市某社区居民慢性病及其危险因素的变化趋势。方法使用同一个心血管危险因素调查表分别在2007年、2012年调查南宁市某社区居民主要慢性病及其危险因素情况,并进行体格检查及统计学分析。结果 2007年高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病和脑卒中患病率分别为22.8%、14.4%、4.2%和2.7%;现在吸烟率、过去12个月饮酒率、中心性肥胖率、肥胖率分别为23.1%、22.0%、60.8%和9.8%。2012年高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病和脑卒中患病率分别为23.2%、19.4%、8.3%和2.8%。现在吸烟率、过去12个月饮酒率、中心性肥胖率、肥胖率分别为17.5%、19.4%、68.1%和16.8%。与2007年相比,2012年高脂血症患病率和糖尿病患病率呈上升趋势(χ2=4.536,P=0.033和χ2=7.280,P=0.007)。中心性肥胖率、肥胖率呈上升趋势(χ2=5.655,P=0.017和χ2=10.858,P=0.001)。现在吸烟率呈下降趋势(χ2=4.779,P=0.029)。高血压和脑卒中患病率、过去12个月饮酒率变化不大(χ2=0.018、0.017、0.989,P=0.892、0.898、0.320)。结论 5年间,南宁市某社区居民高脂血症、糖尿病患病率、肥胖率及中心性肥胖率显著上升,现在吸烟率稍有下降,应采取控制合理膳食和加强体育锻炼等针对性的"吃动两平衡"行为干预措施,重点控制高脂血症、糖尿病和肥胖的发生;继续加大控烟、限酒等宣传力度,减缓慢性病危险因素的上升速度。     

大庆市老年人慢性病患病状况及其主要疾病影响因素

目的了解大庆市老年人健康状况及其影响因素,制定有效的防治措施。方法对大庆市60岁及以上的老年人进行健康调查。结果大庆市老年人慢性病总患病率为68.3%,其中患病率位于前四位的慢性疾病依次为高血压、脑血管病、心脏病和糖尿病。文化程度、收入水平及睡眠质量是影响老年人高血压、脑血管病、心脏病和糖尿病的相关因素。结论应大力开展和促进健康教育活动,普及老年人口慢性疾病防治知识及健康保健知识,加强宣传教育,采取有效的干预措施,加强社区医疗保健,完善医疗保障体制,提高老年人健康水平。     

高血压前期人群中心脑血管事件发生情况及影响因素

目的观察高血压前期人群中心脑血管事件发生情况及影响因素。方法采用前瞻性队列研究方法,以参加2006-07-2007-10健康查体的30～70岁开滦集团在职及离退休职工101510人中,符合美国预防、检测、评估与治疗高血压全国联合委员会第7次报告(JNC7)高血压前期诊断标准(30027人)和理想血压诊断标准(15614人)的人群作为观察队列。随访38.0～53.0(47.6±3.2)月,随访期间每半年收集1次新发心脑血管事件情况。观察高血压前期人群中心脑血管事件发生率并用多变量Cox比例风险回归模型分析影响心脑血管事件的因素。结果与理想血压人群相比高血压前期人群的平均年龄较大;男性比例较高;三酰甘油、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和体质量指数水平高(均P<0.05)。随访期间共发生461例心脑血管事件。高血压前期人群中总心脑血管事件、脑梗死、脑出血、心肌梗死和心脑血管病致死事件的累积发生率分别为1.19%、0.57%、0.20%、0.23%和0.23%,高于理想血压人群的0.67%、0.27%、0.12%、0.17%和0.15%,其中总心脑血管事件、脑梗死和脑出血累积发生率两组人群差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。校正其他传统心血管危险因素后,高血压前期人群发生总心脑血管事件和脑梗死的RR分别较理想血压人群增加37%(95%CI1.10～1.70)和56%(95%CI1.10～2.20)。结论高血压前期人群的总心脑血管事件、脑梗死和脑出血累积发生率高于理想血压人群;高血压前期是总心脑血管事件和脑梗死的独立危险因素。     

Parental smoking during pregnancy and offspring cardio-metabolic risk factors at ages 17 and 32

Objective

To examine the association of maternal and/or paternal smoking during pregnancy with offspring cardio-metabolic risk (CMR) factors at adolescence and early adulthood, taking into account socio-demographic, medical and lifestyle characteristics of parents and offspring, as well as offspring common genetic variation.

Methods

We used a population-based cohort of all 17 003 births in Jerusalem during 1974–76, with available archival data on parental and birth characteristics. Measurements at age 17 were assessed at military induction examinations for 11 530 offspring. 1440 offspring from the original 1974–1976 birth cohort were sampled using a stratified sampling approach, and were interviewed and examined at age 32. Parental smoking during pregnancy (i.e. maternal, paternal and any parent) was primarily defined dichotomously (any number of cigarettes smoked daily by mother or father during pregnancy vs. non-smokers). Additionally, smoking was assessed by quantity of cigarettes smoked daily. Linear regression models were used to evaluate the associations of parental smoking during pregnancy with various offspring CMR factors, after controlling for potential confounders and for genetic variation in candidate genes.

Results

Prevalence of exposure to parental smoking in-utero (i.e. smoking of any parent) was 53.2% and 48.4% among the 17 years old and 32 years old samples, respectively. At age 17, smoking of at least one parent during pregnancy was significantly associated with weight (B = 1.39), height (B = 0.59), BMI (B = 0.32) and pulse rate (B = −0.78) (p-values < 0.001). At age 32, parental smoking, adjusted for covariates, was associated with 2.22 kg higher mean offspring weight, 0.95 cm higher mean offspring height, 0.57 kg/m² higher BMI, and 1.46 cm higher waist-circumference (p-values ≤ 0.02). Similar results, reflecting a dose response, were observed when maternal and paternal smokings were assessed by number of cigarettes smoked daily.

Conclusions

This prospective study demonstrates a potential long-term adverse effect of parental smoking during pregnancy on offspring health and calls for increasing efforts to promote smoking cessation of both parents before pregnancy.     

酒精性肝病的危险因素分析

目的　明确ALD患病率与酒精摄入的量、饮酒的方式习惯、种类及肥胖等的关系。方法　对西安城乡 4115名各种不同职业人群进行整群随机抽样调查及流行病学资料分析。每一调查对象均经调查员上门按统一要求详细询问其饮酒的种类、品牌、度数、时间、频度、方式及饮酒后不良事件的发生次数等 ,必要时还询问其家人 ,以便能更准确的估计其酒精摄入的量。所有饮酒人群均经B超检查 ,并抽取外周血查肝功 ,HBsAg、抗HCV。结果　①每日饮酒精≥ 40g ,持续饮用 5年以上 ,ALD患病率明显增加 ,最高的OR值出现在日酒精消耗量≥ 160g时 ,此时ALD患病率高达 18 7%。而每日饮酒精 <2 0g ,饮酒时间 <5年时 ,无ALD发生。②空腹饮酒者各种酒类的日均消耗量均大于只在进餐时饮酒者 ,空腹单纯饮用白酒和多种酒混合饮用患病率最高 ,分别达18 9%和 15 4%。单纯饮用啤酒等有色酒者ALD发生率较低。③BMI≥ 2 5的 2 0 3例日均酒精消耗量低于BMI <2 5的人群 ,患病率11 5 % ,明显高于人群患病率 6 5 %。结论　日均酒精消耗量 <2 0g ,短于 5年是发生ALD的相对安全域值。日均酒精消耗量 >40g ,>5年则ALD的发病率明显增加 ;空腹饮用白酒和混合饮用多种酒类 ,ALD患病率较高。肥胖者饮酒 ,可增加ALD各阶段发病的危险     

慢性支气管炎、慢性肺源性心脏病急性加重住院患者死亡危险因素的分析

目的探讨慢性支气管炎、慢性肺源性心脏病急性加重住院患者死亡的危险因素。方法回顾性分析2008-2015年入住我科的1 460例慢性支气管炎、慢性肺源性心脏病急性加重住院患者的临床资料,应用SPSS 17软件对年龄、性别、肺气肿、肺大泡、肺炎、支气管扩张、哮喘、肺栓塞、恶性肿瘤、冠心病、高血压病、糖尿病、低蛋白血症、贫血、肝功能异常、肾功能异常等因素进行Logistic分析,并对该病种收治患者、死亡患者的时节进行分析。结果 1 460例患者中,正常出院患者1 393例,死亡患者67例。高龄、肺炎、恶性肿瘤、低蛋白血症、贫血、肝功能异常、肾功能异常是死亡的危险因素(OR1,P0.05);合并支气管扩张、支气管哮喘,并未增加病死率;季节变换时期及冬季该病种住院患者病死率明显高于其他时节。结论高龄、肺炎、恶性肿瘤及患者的营养状态、各脏器功能状态是慢性支气管炎、慢性肺源性心脏病急性加重住院患者死亡的危险因素,在临床工作中对这一类患者加强教育、积极控制合并症、加强营养等具有重要的意义,针对该病种患者,加强换季预防可能是减少其死亡的方法之一。     

Long-term survival,risk factors and causes of mortality in surgically treated chronic pancreatitis

Background/ObjectivesChronic pancreatitis (CP) is a complex disease with a high complications rate, poor quality of life and considerable mortality. Prospective investigations on long-term outcomes in chronic pancreatitis are scarce. Thus, we aimed to assess long-term survival, causes of death and impact of risk factors on survival in a cohort of surgically managed patients with chronic pancreatitis.MethodsAfter IRB approval, a prospective longitudinal cohort study with long-term follow-up (up to 19.6 years) was conducted. All consecutive single center patients operated between 1997 and 2019 were included. Data on health and social status, risk behavior, history of CP, indications for surgery, comorbidities and causes of death were collected. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Cox proportional multivariate hazard regression was used to assess the impact of risk factors on mortality. The results are reported as the hazard ratio (HR) with the 95% confidence interval (CI). The log-rank test was used to test for differences in survival between groups.ResultsA total of 161 patients with CP were subjected to operative management due to chronic pain or local complications of CP. Forty-eight patients (29.8%) died during the follow-up period. Mortality rate was 32.8 per 1000 patient-years (PY) since the diagnosis of CP. Standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was 1.8 (2.7 for the subgroup of continuous alcohol users). Median survival after surgical treatment was 13.3 years. Univariate analysis revealed the following risk factors on survival: preoperative and postoperative continuous moderate or heavy alcohol consumption, heavy smoking, age ≥50 years, Charlson’s comorbidity index (CCI) ≥4 and 2–3, unemployment, disability, insulin-dependent diabetes, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI), and low body mass index (BMI). In multivariate regression analysis lower survival was associated with continuous moderate/heavy alcohol consumption (hazard ratio (HR) 2.27), history of heavy smoking (HR 4.40), unemployment (HR 2.49), CCI 2–3 and ≥4 (HR 2.53 and HR 3.16, respectively), and BMI <18.5 (HR 4.01).Behavioral risk factors accounted for the vast majority of deaths due to chronic alcoholic liver disease (21 cases, 43.7%), smoking-related diseases (15 cases, 31.3%). CP-related mortality was 4.2%.ConclusionsLong-term outcomes of surgically treated chronic pancreatitis was associated with low CP-related mortality. Alcohol-related and smoking-related diseases caused the vast majority of deaths. Thus, surgery provides the best results in patients, preventing postsurgical relapse of original behavioral risks. For achieving this, ongoing postoperative support would be highly beneficial.     

终末期肝病患者营养风险调查和危险因素分析

目的评估终末期肝病患者营养风险,了解患者的普遍营养状态、相关危险因素,并探讨可能的干预措施。方法采用营养风险筛查(nutritional risk screening,NRS-2002)表,评估65例住院肝硬化患者的营养风险。结果营养风险分布男女性基本一致,高度风险均为70岁以上老年人,城区患者的营养风险明显低于农村地区患者,经济较好的患者存在营养风险的比例明显低于贫穷的患者;Child B/C级、存在中等以上胃肠道症状和并发感染均为营养风险的危险因素。结论对于终末期肝病患者,年龄、农村地区居住、贫穷、乙型肝炎、Child B/C级、伴胃肠道症状及并发感染,均会提高患者营养风险,而性别、教育程度则与营养风险的关系较弱。     

青年脑梗死病因及危险因素分析

目的探讨青年脑梗死的病因分布和分析其危险因素。方法回顾性分析连续入院的首发急性青年脑梗死患者243例（年龄≤45岁），经影像学及其他病因学检查确定诊断的临床资料，依据TOAST（Trial of Org10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment）分型标准，确定患者所属分型，经统计学分析其主要危险因素暴露情况。结果本组患者TOAST分型构成情况是，心源性脑栓塞占12．8％（31／243）；大动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死占22．2％（54／243）；小动脉脑梗死占16．0％（39／243）；其他原因引发的脑梗死占7．0％（17／243）；原因不明的脑梗死占42．0％（102／243）。危险因素的暴露率最高的为高血压，占50．6％（123／243）、饮酒，占46．5％（113／243）、吸烟，占28．4％（69／243）、脑血管病家族史，占25．5％（62／243）。卒中分型的组间危险因素单因素分析显示，原发性高血压（69．2％，Χ^2=17．18，P〈0．01）和血脂异常（48．7％，Χ^2=46．09，P〈0．01）在小动脉脑梗死分型中显著增高。结论青年脑梗死的病因分型以原因不明和大动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死所占比例较高。危险因素以高血压、饮酒的暴露率高。高血压和血脂异常在小动脉脑梗死患者中更加明显。     

中国民航飞行员心血管病可控危险因素的流行病学调查

目的 了解中国民航飞行员心血管病可控危险因素的发生情况,为实施心血管疾病干预措施提供依据.方法 以整群抽样的方法抽取中国民航飞行员进行心血管病可控危险因素的流行病学调查,对不同地区、年龄民航飞行员的高血压、高总胆固醇、高甘油三酯、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和糖尿病的患病率,吸烟率,超重或肥胖率进行比较.结果 (1)共抽取中国民航飞行员5012名,分析其中资料完整有效者4684名.(2)中国民航飞行员高血压、高总胆固醇、高甘油三酯、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和糖尿病的患病率依次为8.07%、7.47%、14.45%、27.63%和0.43%,吸烟率为66.45%,超重或肥胖率为49.64%.(3)不同地区民航飞行员高血压、高总胆固醇、高甘油三酯、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的患病率,吸烟率,超重或肥胖率差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01);不同年龄段民航飞行员高血压、高总胆固醇、高甘油三酯患病率,吸烟率,超重或肥胖率差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01),低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).(4)具有1个及以上心血管病可控危险因素的民航飞行员占88.96%,具有2个及以上心血管病可控危险因素的民航飞行员占54.46%,无同时具有≥7个心血管病可控危险因素的民航飞行员.不同地区之间具有2个及以上心血管病可控危险因素的飞行员比例差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同年龄之间具有2个及以上心血管病可控危险因素的飞行员比例差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 中国民航飞行员具有心血管病可控危险因素的比例高,应积极加强对心血管病可控危险因素的干预.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the status of controllable risk factors of cardiovascular disease in Chinese pilots. Methods Pilots in seven regions of China were selected with cluster sampling.The rates of hypertension, diabetes mellitus,smoking and abnormal body mass index(BMI) as well as levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol were obtained. Results (1)A total of 5012 pilots were selected and 4684 pilots whose data were effective were studied.(2) The prevalence rates of hypertension, high total cholesterol, triglyceride, low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol and diabetes mellitus were 8.07%,7.47%,14.45%,27.63% and 0.43%, respectively.The rate of smoking was 66.45%.The rat of increased BMI was 49.64%.(3) Significant difference existed on the rates of hypertension, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,smoking and abnormal BMI among pilots from different regions (all P<0.01).There was also a significant difference between the rates of hypertension, total cholesterol, triglyceride, smoking and abnormal BMI in different age groups (all P<0.01).The rate of low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol was similar in different age groups (P>0.05).(4) 88.96% of the participants had at least one controllable risk factor.54.46% of the participants had at least two controllable risk factors.None of the participants had more than seven risk factors.There was a significant difference between the rates of pilots who have more than two controllable risk factors in different regions (P<0.01).There was a significant difference between the rates of pilots who have more than two risk factors in different age groups(P<0.01). Conclusions There was high prevalence of controllable cardiovascular risk factors in Chinese pilots.Active intervention targeting these cardiovascular disease risk factors needs to be considered to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in Chinese pilots.     

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its risk factors in adult Malaysians: results of a nationwide survey

Aim

To report the national prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its risk factors among adult Malaysians (>18 years old) based on World Health Organization (WHO), the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel III (ATP III)^, International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the ‘Harmonized’ criteria.

Methods

A multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to select 4341 subjects from Peninsular and East Malaysia. Subjects underwent physical and clinical examinations.

Results

Based on the WHO, ATP III, IDF and Harmonized definitions, the overall crude prevalences of MetS were 32.1, 34.3, 37.1 and 42.5%, respectively. Regardless of the criteria used, MetS was higher in urban areas, in females, in the Indian population and increased significantly with age. Risk factors also increased with age; abdominal obesity was most prevalent (57.4%), was higher in females (64.2%) and was highest in Indians (68.8%). Hypertension was higher in males (56.5%) and highest among Malaysians (52.2%). In contrast, the Chinese had the highest prevalence of hypertriglyceridaemia (47.4%).

Conclusions

Malaysia has a much higher prevalence of MetS compared with other Asian countries and, unless there is immediate intervention to reduce risk factors, this may pose serious implications on the country's healthcare costs and services.     

某部军队飞行人员心血管危险因素的调查

目的：调查某部军队飞行人员的心血管危险因素。方法：收集某部415名军队飞行人员的身高、体重、血压、空腹血糖、血脂及吸烟等参数并进行分析。结果：415例飞行人员中存在心血管危险因素的有211例（50．84％）,存在2项以上心血管危险因素的有153例（36．87％）,存在3项以上危险因素的有73例（17．59％）;年龄31-40岁组及〉41岁组心血管危险因素明显多于20～30岁组（P〈0．05）,近6年心血管危险因素较此前6年的显著增多（P〈0．05）。结论：必需加强军队飞行人员心血管危险因素的综合防治。