The hepatoprotective and antifibrotic effects of Saururus chinensis against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic fibrosis in rats

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill (Saururaceae) has been used in Chinese folk medicine for treatment of various diseases, such as edema, jaundice, gonorrhea, antipyretic, diuretic, and antiinflammatory agents.

Aim of the study

Our aim was to evaluate the hepatoprotective and antifibrotic effects of Saururus chinensis extract (SC-E) in carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) induced liver fibrosis rats.

Materials and methods

The SC-E (70 mg/kg) was administrated via gavage once a day starting from the onset of CCl₄ treatment (14 weeks) for subsequent 8 weeks. Evaluated with liver index, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), hyaluronic acid (HA), hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), total lipoprotein (TP), albumin (ALB), hydroxyproline (HYP), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), laminin (LN), type III collagen terminal peptide (PC-IIINP), and type IV collagen (IV-C), as well as with histopathologic changes of liver.

Results

SC-E effectively reduced the elevated levels of liver index, serum ALT, AST, HA, and hepatic MDA contents, enhance the reduced hepatic SOD activity in CCl₄-treated rats. The histopathological analysis suggested that SC-E obviously alleviated the degree of liver fibrosis induced by CCl₄.

Conclusions

Those results suggest SC-E has protective and therapeutic effects on liver fibrosis induced by CCl₄.     

Hepatoprotective effect of Vitis vinifera L. leaves on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver damage in rats

The hepatoprotective effect of ethanolic extract and its four different fractions (CHCl(3), EtOAc, n-BuOH, and remaining water fraction) of Vitis vinifera L. leaves was investigated against carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats. The ethanolic extract was found active at 125mg/kg dose (per os). The ethanolic extract was fractionated through successive solvent-solvent extractions and the n-BuOH fraction in 83mg/kg dose possessed remarkable antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities. Liver damage was assessed by using biochemical parameters (plasma and liver tissue MDA [malondialdehyde], transaminase enzyme levels in plasma [AST-aspartate transaminase, ALT-alanine transferase] and liver GSH [glutathione] levels). Additionally, the pathological changes in liver were evaluated by histopathological studies. Legalon 70 Protect was used as standard natural originated drug.     

Pharmacological evaluation of Ipomoea asarifolia (Desr.) against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Ipomoeaasarifolia (Desr.) Roem. and Schult. is used traditionally in some parts of Africa for the treatment of a variety of diseases. This study attempts to validate its hepatoprotective activity by evaluating the prophylactic and curative properties of the methanolic extract of Ipomoea asarifolia (IA) leaves.

Materials and Methods

Liver damage was induced by administering 0.5 ml/kg of an equal mixture of carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) in olive oil intraperitoneally on alternate days, for 5 days and the plant extract was given orally daily, for 7 days at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg.

Results

Pre-treatment with the extract significantly (P<0.05) decreased CCl₄-induced elevation in serum levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, triglycerides, bilirubin and cholesterol, better than the standard drug silymarin at 100 mg/kg. In the curative study, IA significantly (P<0.05) reversed CCl₄-induced liver damage, comparable to silymarin. Hepatoprotective potential was further supported by decrease in pentobarbitone sleeping time and improved hepatic tissue histopathology.

Conclusion

These results indicate that I. asarifolia leaves have potent hepatoprotective activity against CCl₄-induced hepatic damage in rats.     

Ameliorative effects of pycnogenol on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic oxidative damage in rats

This study evaluated the putative antioxidant activity of Pycnogenol (PYC) against CCl4-induced hepatic oxidative damage in Sprague-Dawley rats. A single oral dose of CCl4 (1.25 mL/kg) produced significantly increased levels of serum aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities. In addition, increased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, reduced glutathione (GSH) content, and decreased catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities were observed in the hepatic tissues. However, concomitant administration with PYC (10 or 20 mg/kg) significantly improved CCl4-induced hepatic injury, as evidenced by the decline of serum AST and ALT activities in a dose dependent manner. Moreover, PYC reduced MDA concentration and increased GSH levels and catalase, SOD and GST activities in hepatic tissues, indicating that concomitant administration with PYC efficiently prevent the CCl4-induced oxidative damage in rats. The free radical scavenging assay showed that PYC has a dose-dependent scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals. These results indicate that PYC has an antioxidant effect against CCl4-induced hepatic oxidative damage and is useful as a hepatoprotective agent against various liver diseases induced by oxidative stress.     

Hepatoprotective effects and mechanisms of dehydrocavidine in rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis

Aim of the study

The current study was designed to examine the effects and possible mechanisms of dehydrocavidine (DC) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic fibrosis in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.

Materials and methods

Hepatic fibrosis was induced in male rats with CCl4 administration for 12 weeks. Liver histopathological study was performed, and the liver function was examined by determining the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and total bilirubin (TBIL) for evaluating the effect of DC on hepatic fibrosis. The possible mechanisms were investigated by measuring hepatic collagen metabolism and oxidative stress level. Furthermore, oligo microarray analysis of 263 genes was performed, and quantitative real-time RT-PCR was used to verify 4 of the abnormally expressed genes (Bcl2, Cyp3a13, IL18 and Rad50).

Results

DC treatment significantly inhibited the loss of body weight and the increase of liver weight induced by CCl4. DC also improved the liver function of rats as indicated by decreased serum enzymatic activities of ALT, AST, ALP and TBIL. Histopathological results indicated that DC alleviated liver damage and reduced the formation of fibrous septa. Moreover, DC significantly decreased liver hydroxyproline (Hyp) and increased urine Hyp. It also decreased liver malondialdehyde concentration, increased activities of liver superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Microarray analysis revealed that DC altered the expression of genes related to apoptosis, cytokines and other proteins involved in tissue repair.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that DC can protect rats from CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis through reducing oxidative stress, promoting collagenolysis, and regulating fibrosis-related genes.     

Antihepatotoxic effect of Nymphaea stellata willd., against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic damage in albino rats

Nymphaea stellata willd., a medicinal plant mentioned in Ayurveda for the treatment of liver disorders, has not been subjected to systematic scientific investigations to asses its hepatoprotective effects. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the hepatoprotective activity of extract of Nymphaea stellata willd., flower against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic damage in albino rats. The oral administration of varying dosage of extract of Nymphaea stellata willd., flower to rats for 10 days afforded the good hepatoprotection against carbon tetrachloride-induced elevation in serum marker enzymes, serum bilirubin, liver lipid peroxidation and reduction in liver glutathione, liver glutathione peroxidase, glycogen, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity.     

Evaluation of hepatoprotective effects of Helminthostachys zeylanica (L.) Hook against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in Wistar rats

The rhizomes of Helminthostachys zeylanica (L.) are used by the Kattunaikan tribe of Kerala, for the treatment of various hepatic disorders. In the present study, the effect of the methanolic extract of Helminthostachys zeylanica rhizomes on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver damage in Wistar rats was studied. The results showed that significant hepatoprotective effect was obtained against CCl4-induced liver damage, by oral administration of Helminthostachys zeylanica methanolic extract as evident from decreased levels of serum enzymes and an almost normal architecture of the liver, in the treated groups, compared to the controls. The extract was effective in increasing the choleretic activity of anaesthetised normal rats. It also shortened hexobarbitone-induced sleeping time in mice, which was increased by CCl4 treatment, besides showing significant antilipid peroxidant effect in vitro. Thus, the present study provides a scientific rationale for the traditional use of this plant in the management of liver diseases.     

芝麻素对四氯化碳慢性肝损伤大鼠肝脏的保护作用

目的观察芝麻提取物芝麻素对四氯化碳(CC l4)慢性肝损伤大鼠肝脏的保护作用。方法将60只SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、芝麻素高剂量组、芝麻素中剂量组、芝麻素低剂量组和甘利欣对照组6组,各10只,除正常组外于皮下注射40%CC l4溶液(5 mL/kg),以后每3 d予40%CC l4溶液(3 mL/kg)皮下注射造模,正常组予等容积花生油皮下注射。同时,正常组、模型组每日予0.9%氯化钠注射液1.5 mL灌胃;芝麻素高剂量组、芝麻素中剂量组、芝麻素低剂量组每日分别予9.0、3.0、1.0 mg/mL浓度芝麻素甲基纤维素悬浊液1.5 mL灌胃;甘利欣对照组每日予0.3 mg/mL甘利欣1.5 mL灌胃。8周后处死大鼠,检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(A lb)、球蛋白(G)含量,并进行病理组织学检查。结果芝麻素高剂量组、芝麻素中剂量组大鼠血清ALT、AST活性虽然仍高于正常组,但比模型组明显降低(P0.05),且与甘利欣对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),而且芝麻素高剂量组、芝麻素中剂量组大鼠肝组织结构破坏不明显,肝细胞脂肪变性程度显著减轻,肝细胞坏死减轻,尤以芝麻素高剂量组肝组织改善显著,接近甘利欣对照组;芝麻素高剂量组、芝麻素中剂量组、芝麻素低剂量组、甘利欣对照组TP、A lb含量比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),但均较模型组高(P0.05),与正常组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),6组血清G含量比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论芝麻素能改善造模大鼠肝细胞损害和坏死状况,对肝功能有保护作用,而且与剂量有一定关系。     

Effect of the aqueous extract of Syzygium cumini on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the aqueous Syzygium cumini leaf extract, given either as a single dose or by 7 days of pretreatment, on hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats. Blood samples obtained after treatments were measured for aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). A significant increase in the AST and ALT activities occurred after carbon tetrachloride administration alone, which was significantly lowered by preadministration with the aqueous extract of Syzygium cumini, but not by a single dose. This suggests that the extract may be useful for liver protection but needs to be given over a significant period and prior to liver injury.     

Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effect of swertiamarin from Enicostemma axillare against d-galactosamine induced acute liver damage in rats

Ethnopharmacological relevance

The whole plant of Enicostemma axillare Raynal (Family: Gentianaceae) is used in variety of diseases in traditional Indian system of medicine including hepatic ailments.

Aim of the study

Swertiamarin isolated from Enicostemma axillare Raynal was evaluated for antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity.

Materials and methods

Swertiamarin was isolated from successive ethyl acetate extract of the plant Enicostemma axillare belongs to the family Gentianaceae. The concentration of swertiamarin was determined by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). The hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of swertiamarin (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) was carried out against d-Galactosamine (d-GalN) (200 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally i.p.) induced liver injury in rats.

Results

Swertiamarin a secoiridoid glycoside was found to contain a major constituent of the extract. d-GalN caused significant hepatotoxicity by alteration of several hepatic parameters. It also caused significant lipid peroxidation and reduced the levels of antioxidant defense mechanisms. The treatment with swertiamarin at 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight when administered orally for 8 days prior to d-GalN caused a significant restoration of all the altered biochemical parameters due to d-GalN towards the normal, indicating the potent antioxidant and hepatoprotective nature of swertiamarin.

Conclusions

Swertiamarin isolated from Enicostemma axillare possesses significant antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties against d-GalN induced hepatotoxicity given at 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight orally for 8 days, which might be due to its in vitro antioxidant activity.     

Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of Dicoma anomala Sond.aqueous root extract against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in Wistar rats

OBJECTIVE:To evaluates the antioxidant and hepatoprotective potentials of Dicoma anomala Sond.(Asteraceae) on body weight,feed and water intake,biochemical parameters and organ histology.METHODS:Various concentrations(1.56-25 μg/m L)were used in the in vitro assays 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl(DPPH,superoxide anion,hydroxyl radicals,etc.).The effects of treatment with 125,250 and 250 mg/m L Dicoma anomala aqueous roots extract(DARE) was investigated in vivo in the CCl4-induced hepatotoxic rats during the 15 days study.RESULTS:Water extract exhibited the best activity(IC50:15.20 ± 0.03,11.70 ± 0.10,and 0.84 ± 0.05 μg/m L) in vitro in DPPH,hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals,respectively,when compared with standards.Pre-treatment and treatment with different concentrations of DARE significantly(P 0.05)attenuated the elevated serum activities of aspartate transaminase,alanine transaminase levels while increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase,catalase and glutathione peroxidase.The histopathological evaluations revealed extensive liver damage characterized by severe vacuolar and cytoplasmic degeneration,hepatic necrosis,and cellular infilteration in pre-treated groups while in the treated groups;such liver damages were not observed most especially at 500 mg/kg dose.CONCLUSION:The results proved the hepatoprotective potential of DARE against CCl4-induced oxidative stress.Moreover,histopathological examinations revealed better therapeutic advantage of DARE than prophylactic use.     

The protective effect of Phoenix dactylifera L. seeds against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

Ethnopharmacological relevance

In traditional Egyptian medicine, Phoenix dactylifera L. (date palm) seeds are listed in folk remedies for the management of diabetes, liver diseases and gastrointestinal disorders. The present study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of Phoenix dactylifera L. seeds aqueous suspension against the chemically-induced hepatic injury in rats.

Methods

Liver injury was achieved by exposing Wistar rats to CCl4 (10% in olive oil; 0.5 mL/rat; IP) twice a week for 4 weeks. Along with CCl4, aqueous suspensions of raw or roasted Phoenix dactylifera seeds (1.0 g/kg) were administered orally in a daily manner.

Results

Our results demonstrated that Phoenix dactylifera seeds significantly improved the CCl4-induced alterations in liver function parameters (AST, ALT, ALP and albumin). Moreover, the CCl4-induced oxidative stress, represented by elevated thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), nitric oxide and oxidative DNA damage, was ameliorated by Phoenix dactylifera seeds treatment. In addition, Phoenix dactylifera seeds restored the activities of hepatic antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase) that were declined after CCl4 treatment. Examination of liver histopathology revealed that Phoenix dactylifera seeds attenuate the incidence of liver lesions (including vacuolization and fibroblast proliferation) triggered by CCl4 intoxication.

Conclusion

The Phoenix dactylifera seeds could be a promising candidate for protection against the CCl4-induced liver intoxication, and this hepatoprotective effect might be attributed to the antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities.     

Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Momordica dioica Roxb. leaves

In present study, the hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Momordica dioica Roxb. leaves were evaluated against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatic damage in rats. The extracts at dose of 200mg/kg were administered orally once daily. The substantially elevated serum enzymatic levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (AST), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (ALT), serum alkaline phosphatase (SALP) and total bilirubin were restored towards normalization significantly by the extracts. Silymarin was used as standard reference and exhibited significant hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride induced haptotoxicity in rats. The biochemical observations were supplemented with histopathological examination of rat liver sections. The results of this study strongly indicate that Momordica dioica Roxb. leaves have potent hepatoprotective action against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic damage in rats. Ethanolic extract was found more potent hepatoprotective. Meanwhile, in vivo antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities were also screened which were positive for both ethanolic and aqueous extracts. This study suggests that possible mechanism of this activity may be due to free radical-scavenging and antioxidant activities which may be due to the presence of flavonoids in the extracts.     

Hepatoprotective potential of Aloe barbadensis Mill. against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity

Aloe barbadensis Mill. Syn. Aloe vera Tourn. ex Linn.(Liliaceae) has been used in variety of diseases in traditional Indian system of medicine in India and its use for hepatic ailments is also documented. In the present study an attempt has been made to validate its hepatoprotective activity. The shade dried aerial parts of Aloe barbadensis were extracted with petroleum ether (AB-1), chloroform (AB-2) and methanol (AB-3). The plant marc was extracted with distilled water (AB-4). All the extracts were evaluated for hepatoprotective activity on limited test models as hexobarbitone sleep time, zoxazolamine paralysis time and marker biochemical parameters. AB-1 and AB-2 were observed to be devoid of any hepatoprotective activity. Out of two active extracts (AB-3 and AB-4), the most active AB-4 was studied in detail. AB-4 showed significant hepatoprotective activity against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity as evident by restoration of serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin and triglycerides. Hepatoprotective potential was confirmed by the restoration of lipid peroxidation, glutathione, glucose-6-phosphatase and microsomal aniline hydroxylase and amidopyrine N-demethylase towards near normal. Histopathology of the liver tissue further supports the biochemical findings confirming the hepatoprotective potential of AB-4. The present study shows that the aqueous extract of Aloe barbadensis is significantly capable of restoring integrity of hepatocytes indicated by improvement in physiological parameters, excretory capacity (BSP retention) of hepatocytes and also by stimulation of bile flow secretion. AB-4 did not show any sign of toxicity up to oral dose of 2 g/kg in mice.     

The role of Urtica dioica and Nigella sativa in the prevention of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

The role of Nigella sativa L. (Ranunculaceae) (NS) and Urtica dioica L. was investigated (UD) in the prevention of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Fifty Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into fi ve groups (I, IIA and B, IIIA and B) and CCl4 was injected biweekly to all groups. Group I (control, CCl4 only), group IIA and B (NS fixed oil and volatile oil), group IIIA and B (UD fixed oil and UD decoction extract) rats were killed at the end of week 12 and histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations of liver tissues were performed. In the control group, coagulation necrosis and hydropic degeneration were marked in the periacinar regions (zone 3) associated with fibrosis in the periacinar regions and in the portal tracts. In groups IIA-B and IIIA-B (NS and UD), none of the serious histopathological findings were detected except for sparse coagulation necrosis in the periacinar regions. ASMA-positive perisinusoidal cells with myo fibroblastic transformation and lysosomal enzyme activity suggesting fibrogenesis were also significantly more common in the control group than in the NS and UD groups. UD and NS seem to be significantly effective in the prevention of carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats.     

Protective effect of Nigella sativa seeds against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage

It has been reported that Nigella sativa oil possesses hepatoprotective effects in some models of liver toxicity. However, it is N. sativa seeds that are used in the treatment of liver ailments in folk medicine rather than its oil. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the aqueous suspension of N. sativa on carbon tetrachloride (CCL4)-induced liver damage. Aqueous suspension of the seeds was given orally at two dose levels (250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg) for five days. CCL4 (250 microl/kg intraperitoneally / day in olive oil) was given to the experimental group on days 4 and 5, while the control group was only treated with the vehicles. Animals treated with CCL4 showed remarkable centrilobular fatty changes and moderate inflammatory infiltrate in the form of neutrophil and mononuclear cells when compared to the controls. This effect was significantly decreased in animals pretreated with N. sativa. Histopathological or biochemical changes were not evident following administration of N. sativa alone. Serum levels of aspartic transaminase (AST), and L-alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were slightly decreased while lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was significantly increased in animals treated with CCL4 when compared to the control group. LDH was restored to normal but ALT and AST levels were increased in animals pretreated with N. sativa. In conclusion, N. sativa seeds appeared to be safe and possibly protective against CCL4-induced hepatotoxicity. However, further studies may still be needed prior to supporting its use in folk medicine for hepatic diseases.     

Carthamus red from Carthamus tinctorius L. exerts antioxidant and hepatoprotective effect against CCl4-induced liver damage in rats via the Nrf2 pathway

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Carthamus red isolated from safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L., a Chinese traditional medicine) is evaluated for antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity.

Materials and methods

Carthamus red was isolated from a Na₂CO₃ extract of safflower and its analysis was carried out by HPLC/MS. Acute toxicity study was determined and the antioxidant activity was investigated using various established in vitro systems. An in vivo study against CCl₄-induced liver injury was also conducted and compared with that of silymarin, a known hepatoprotective drug.

Results

Carthamus red did not show any toxicity and mortality up to 2000 mg/kg dose, and it showed strong antioxidant ability in vitro. In the in vivo study, carthamus red treatment lowered the serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP and total protein in liver damage rat models. Meanwhile, Nrf2, GSTα and NQO1 expressions were up-regulated at the protein level by carthamus red intervention. Additionally, the activities of antioxidant enzymes and level of GSH were elevated by carthamus red intervention, while the content of TBARS, which is an oxidative stress marker, was lessened. HE stain analysis showed that the condition of liver damage was mitigated.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that carthamus red may serve as a candidate with strong a hepatoprotective effect and antioxidant activity in liver damage.     

Hepatoprotective effects of propolis extract on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats

The effects of an ethanolic extract of Cuban red propolis were examined using the model of acute hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCL₄) in rats. Propolis extract at doses of 5, 10 and 25 mg/kg i.p. decreased significantly the activity of alanine aminotransferase and the concentration of malondialdehyde in rat serum as well as the concentration of triglycerides in liver which were increased in CCI₄-treated animals. An ethanol extract of red propolis also reduced liver damage induced by CCI₄ in rats. This effect was observed by electron microscopy. According to our results it is concluded that ethanolic extract of red propolis exerts hepatoprotective effects in this experimental model which are probably caused by antioxidative properties (e.g. scavenging action against oxygen radicals) of this extract.     

Evaluation of hepatoprotective potential of jigrine post-treatment against thioacetamide induced hepatic damage.

Jigrine a polypharmaceutical herbal formulation containing aqueous extracts of 14 medicinal plants developed on the principles of unani system of medicine is used for liver ailments. The hepatoprotective potential of jigrine post-treatment at the dose of 0.5 ml/kg per day p.o. for 21 days was evaluated against thiocetamide induced liver damage in rats. Biochemical parameters like AST, ALT in serum and TBARS and glutathione in tissues were estimated to assess liver function. Data on the biochemical parameters revealed hepatoprotective potential of jigrine post-treatment against thioacetamide induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Silymarin used as reference standard also exhibited significant hepatoprotective activity on post-treatment against thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxity in rats. The biochemical observations were supplemented with histopathological examination of rat liver sections.     

苦参碱葡萄糖注射液合并丹参注射液对四氯化碳所致大鼠慢性肝损伤的保护作用

目的观察苦参碱葡萄糖注射液合并丹参注射液对慢性肝损伤的保护作用。方法将80只SD大鼠随机分为5组,即正常组、模型组、苦参碱葡萄糖注射液组、丹参注射液组和苦参碱葡萄糖注射液合并丹参注射液组各16只。正常组和模型组均给予0.9%氯化钠注射液20 mL/kg;苦参碱葡萄糖注射液组给予苦参碱葡萄糖注射液40 mL/kg;丹参注射液组给予丹参注射液1.6 mL/kg;苦参碱葡萄糖注射液合并丹参注射液组给予苦参碱葡萄糖注射液20 mL/kg＋丹参注射液0.8 mL/kg。应用四氯化碳（CCl4）攻击方法制备改进,大鼠皮下注射10%CCl4橄榄油溶液5 mL/kg,造成大鼠慢性肝损伤模型。观察造模大鼠存活率,进行病理组织学检查、血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、总胆红素（TBiL）和血清总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（A）和白蛋白/球蛋白（A/G）的测定。结果苦参碱葡萄糖注射液组、丹参注射液组和苦参碱葡萄糖注射液合并丹参注射液组与模型组大鼠存活率比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,高于模型组。正常组肝脏病理组织正常,仅2例肝细胞有轻度水肿或脂变;其余各组对CCl4所致慢性肝损伤大鼠肝脏病理组织学均有不同程度的影响。苦参碱葡萄糖注射液组、丹参注射液组和苦参碱葡萄糖注射液合并丹参注射液组治疗均能降低造模动物肝脏ALT、AST、ALP、TBiL水平,升高TP、A、A/G,其中以苦参碱葡萄糖注射液合并丹参注射液组效果明显。结论苦参碱葡萄糖注射液合并丹参注射液改善慢性肝损伤效果优于单独应用苦参碱葡萄糖注射液或丹参注射液。