登革热并发多器官损害的临床特点分析

目的探讨登革热并发多器官损害的临床特点。方法收集广州市第八人民医院收治的398例登革热患者的临床资料,对其进行回顾性分析。结果398例登革热患者中231例(58.04%)出现多器官损害,其中以血液系统损害最常见,其次是肝脏、肾脏、胃肠道及心脏,其它器官受累较少。所有患者治愈或好转出院。结论登革病毒感染较易发生多器官损害,以血液系统、肝脏及肾脏受累最多见,损害程度均较轻。     

Pleural involvement by Salmonella senftenberg: a report of two cases

Non-typhoidal serovars of salmonella are an unusual cause of pleuropulmonary infections. We report two patients with empyema caused by Salmonella senftenberg. One patient had associated diabetes and gall bladder carcinoma, and infection was acquired in hospital. Both patients responded well to parenteral antibiotics.     

Subacute thyroiditis complicated with multiple organ failure: A case report

Rationale:Subacute thyroiditis is an inflammatory disease of the thyroid gland that is often caused by viral infections. Multiple organ failure (MOF) is mainly caused by acute inflammatory reactions resulting from severe infection or trauma. MOF due to subacute thyroiditis is extremely rare.Patient concerns:A 48-year-old woman with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus was admitted to our hospital because of subacute thyroiditis. However, the patient developed MOF during hospitalization.Diagnosis:The patient was diagnosed with subacute thyroiditis complicated by MOF based on clinical symptoms and laboratory tests.Interventions:The patient was initially admitted to the endocrinology ward for glucocorticoid and insulin therapies. When the condition deteriorated to MOF, the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit. Ventilator-assisted breathing, blood transfusion, albumin infusion, improved cardiac function, oral glucocorticoids, and insulin were administered to the patient.Outcomes:The patient was followed-up at 2-weeks intervals for over 2 months. Her thyroid function returned to normal and her blood sugar level was stable. Transaminase, serum creatinine, albumin, and myocardial enzyme levels were normal.Lessons:MOF due to subacute thyroiditis is extremely rare. Especially in patients with elevated blood glucose or other immune dysfunctions, we should be alert to the occurrence of subacute thyroiditis with MOF.     

Typhoid fever complicated by acute renal failure and hepatitis: case reports and review

Four cases of typhoid fever complicated by both acute oliguric renal failure and hepatitis are presented. Two patients had type II hepatitis according to criteria proposed by Khosla et al. (30) with hepatomegaly, hyperbilirubinaemia and markedly elevated asparate transaminase (AST); the others had type III hepatitis, characterized clinically and biochemically by profound jaundice, hepatomegaly, hepatic encephalopathy (one case only), hyperbilirubinemia and markedly elevated serum AST. Renal biopsy was not performed in any of our patients. However, a combination of proteinuria and abnormal urinary sediments containing red cell casts and granular casts, as noted in these patients, is considered highly suggestive of glomerulonephritis. Although isolated renal failure and hepatitis with hepatomegaly and deranged liver enzyme values have been reported previously in typhoid fever, their occurrence simultaneously in the same patient in distinctly rare, having been reported only twice in the English language literature.     

Typhoid fever complicated by intestinal perforation: a persisting fatal disease requiring surgical management

In Bangladesh, clinical records of 323 patients with typhoid fever were reviewed to study the incidence, fatality, and optimal therapy of the complication of intestinal perforation. Fifteen patients (4.6%) developed intestinal perforation. Case-fatality rates were six of nine patients treated medically and one of four patients treated surgically for whom the postoperative courses were known. A literature review of 57,864 cases of typhoid fever in developing countries in the antibiotic era revealed that perforation developed in 2.5% of patients, a percentage that was similar to the incidence of 2.8% reported in the preantibiotic era. The median of case-fatality rates in these reports was 43% and the proportion of all reported typhoid deaths attributable to perforation was 25%. The case-fatality rates for patients with perforation were 70% for 410 patients managed medically and 26% for 1,835 patients managed surgically. Although some reports were biased toward placing patients at lower risk into surgical treatment, the large number of patients treated successfully by surgery suggests real improvement in surgical techniques in countries with endemic typhoid fever. These results indicate that intestinal perforation persists as a major cause of death in cases of typhoid fever in developing countries in the antibiotic era and that surgical treatment with use of antibiotic therapy is optimal for this complication.     

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy complicated by high-grade atrioventricular block: A report of two cases

The present report describes two female patients aged 39 and 57 years who experienced loss of consciousness and chest pain due to high-grade atrioventricular block. Both patients demonstrated noncontraction centred on the cardiac apex and excessive contraction at the cardiac base on cardiac ultrasonography and left ventriculography, but neither of them demonstrated any significant stenotic lesions on coronary angiography. Furthermore, neither patient showed elevated serum biomarkers of cardiac injury or serum viral antibodies. In a repeat left ventriculogram two weeks later, the left ventricular wall motion disorder had improved in both patients. Based on these findings, the patients were diagnosed with takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Because the high-grade atrioventricular conduction disorder did not improve in spite of the improvement of left ventricular wall motion disorder, permanent pacemaker implantation was performed. It is extremely rare for takotsubo cardiomyopathy to be complicated by high-grade atrioventricular block. In the present study, both patients had takotsubo cardiomyopathy complicated by high-grade atrioventricular block and eventually underwent permanent pacemaker implantation.     

Typhoid fever in Singapore: a review of 370 cases

The medical records of 370 patients treated for typhoid fever between 1986 and 1988 at the Communicable Disease Centre, Singapore, were reviewed. The disease was generally mild. There was no mortality. Fever was found in 98.4% of patients on admission and diarrhoea in 21%. Cough was predominantly a symptom of children and occurred in 7.1% of patients aged below 15 years. Other symptoms were uncommon. Hepatomegaly was found in 71% and splenomegaly in 47%. Leucopenia was not a helpful diagnostic marker. Chloramphenicol was the drug of choice. The relapse rate was 5.4% and the convalescent and temporary carrier rates 11.6%. The risk of developing the carrier state was significantly higher among patients who were afebrile on admission compared with those who were febrile (P less than 0.001); it was also higher in patients treated with ampicillin as compared to those treated with chloramphenicol (P less than 0.001, chi 2 = 22.7, odds ratio = 5.25, 95% confidence limits: 2.46 and 11.29). The role of ampicillin as a first line treatment for acute typhoid fever may need further re-evaluation.     

Liver involvement revealing systemic mastocytosis: report of two cases

Systemic mastocytosis is a disease defined by an abnormal infiltration of mast cells involving several extra-cutaneous organs. Hepatic involvement is frequent, however it rarely reveals the disease. We report two cases of systemic mastocytosis revealed by hepatic symptoms: liver failure in one case and jaundice in the second case. The diagnosis is often difficult. Mast cell tissular infiltration can be identified on paraffin sections by tryptase or CD117 (c-kit) immuno-staining.     

多器官功能衰竭中急性肾功能衰竭61例临床分析

多器官功能衰竭 (MOSF)是严重危及患者生命的临床综合征。MOSF中急性肾功能衰竭 (ARF)的发生率和病死率均较高。现对 6 1例 MOSF伴 ARF患者的临床资料进行分析 ,并与 6 8例无 MOSF的 ARF对照 ,探讨 MOSF中 ARF的防治方法。对象与方法1.对象 :MOSF组 6 1例 ,男性 35例 ,女性 2 6     

阑尾血吸虫病伴阑尾低级别黏液性肿瘤2例

本文报道2例阑尾血吸虫病伴阑尾低级别黏液性肿瘤病例。     

Typhoid fever as a cause of opportunistic infection: case report

Background  

Typhoid fever is a systemic infection caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype typhi, which is acquired by ingestion of contaminated food and water. Each year the disease affects at least 16 million persons world-wide, most of whom reside in the developing countries of Southeast Asia and Africa. In Italy the disease is uncommon with a greater number of cases in Southern regions than in Northern ones.     

Fulminant course of leptospirosis complicated by multiple organ failure

We describe a case of a 39-year-old male, who initially presented with severe muscle pain, fever, shortness of breath and tachycardia. He was admitted to hospital with suspected myocarditis. The next days he developed a generalized icterus and acute renal failure. Suspecting leptospirosis an intravenous therapy with penicillin was started. Due to pulmonary and circulatory insufficiency intensive care was necessary. In course the patient developed all known manifestations of leptospirosis including, cardiac arrhythmia and asystolia due to AV-block III degrees, recurrent atelectases of the lungs, hyperbilirubinemia, thrombocytopenia, hepatitis, pancreatitis, very severe rhabdomyolysis and polyradiculitis with areflexia and tetraplegia. Additionally, the patient had a transient hyperthyreosis, which has not been described in the literature so far. After 33 days the patient left the intensive care unit and was discharged out of hospital a fortnight later. 4 weeks later he was able to return to work. The only residuum of this illness is a partial paresis of his right quadriceps muscle.     

Cardiovascular involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus: report of two cases

Cardiac abnormalities has been receiving increased attention in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Cardiovascular system involvement has been found to have a substantial effect on mortality and morbidity in patients with SLE [1]. Recent diagnostic methods using echocardiography examination have allowed the delineation of cardiac manifestations such as myocarditis and myocardial dysfunction, valvular disease, pericardial disease or pulmonary hypertension. A report of two cases is presented: 23-year-old man with acute myocarditis with left ventricular failure and pulmonary oedema as a initial presentation of active SLE, and 51-year-old woman with SLE, antiphospholipid antibodies, with history of cerebral embolic infarction, TIA and venous thrombosis and with mitral valvular dysfunction in course of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis. Pulmonary hypertension has been recognised in both patients probably as a result of vasculaopathy and intimal proliferation, vasculitis, thromboembolic disease or parenchymal lung disease in SLE. Recent advances in diagnosis and treatment have substantially improved the prognosis of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and cardiovascular system involvement [2].     

Typhoid fever caused by a typical variants of Salmonella typhi--a preliminary report

In the study carried out from, February, 1996 to January, 1999. 42 (33.9%) a typical variants of S typhi which fermented sucrose were encountered. This variant was identified as of antigenic structure 9, 12, v1, d1 and typed as phage type E1 and Bio type I.     

Necrotizing fasciitis complicated by fatal multiple organ dysfunction due to Pasteurella multocida infection: a case report

Necrotizing fasciitis is rarely caused by Pasteurella multocida, a facultative anaerobic gram-negative coccobacillus found in the flora of the oro-gastrointestinal tract of many animals. We describe a rare case with overwhelming septicaemia resulting in multiple organ failure.     

Immunoblastic lymphadenopathy-like T-cell lymphoma complicated by multiple gastrointestinal involvement

We report a rare case of immunoblastic lymphadenopathy (IBL)-like T-cell lymphoma complicated by multiple gastrointestinal involvement, which appeared to be ameliorated by chemotherapy but resulted in perforative peritonitis. A 66-year-old Japanese woman who had generalized lymphadenopathy and eruptions was admitted to our hospital because of bloody stool. Colonoscopic examination revealed hemorrhagic ulcers in the terminal ileum and a saucer-like ulcer in the cecum. Gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed several ulcerative or elevated lesions in stomach and duodenum. Biopsy specimens of these lesions and of a lymph node showed characteristic histological features of IBL-like T-cell lymphoma. The initial treatment with prednisolone (PSL) and cyclophosphamide (CPA) was effective. Six months after the treatment, however, she developed bloody stool again caused by multiple ulcerative lesions in the large intestine. The recurrence of the disease was determined histologically, and four courses of CPA, PSL, vinblastine sulfate and doxorubicin hydrochloride (CHOP) therapy were administered. One month after completing the CHOP therapy, she developed intestinal obstruction and then acute peritonitis resulting from perforation at an ulcer scar in the jejunum. Surgical treatment was successful, and histological examination demonstrated no lymphoma cells in the resected specimen. A gastrointestinal perforation should be recognized as a potential complication of IBL-like T-cell lymphoma, even during remission. (Received: June 24, 1998; accepted: Oct. 23, 1998)     

重症肝炎并发多器官功能衰竭175例

目的探讨重症肝炎并多器官功能衰竭的临床特征．方法对１７５例重症肝炎并多器官功能不全的诱因、发病机制、病死率及预后进行分析．结果急性、亚急性和慢性重症肝炎并发多器官功能不全的病死率分别为８５７％，８１８％和７１８％，最常见的诱因为感染、消化道大出血及电解质紊乱，预后与重症肝炎类型、受损器官数目、年龄、并发症的器官与系统、妊娠及重叠感染密切相关．结论重症肝炎并发多器官功能不全的发病机制复杂，其中微循环障碍可能是中心环节．病死率与受损器官数目成正相关     

恙虫病并发多器官功能衰竭1例

1病例报告 患者,女,72岁。因反复乏力1周,加重1d于2008年06月14就诊。患者平时有户外锻炼习惯。1周前无明显诱因出现乏力、低热,体温波动于37．5-38℃,1d前症状加重,门诊查尿素氮43mmol／L,肌酐342μmol／L,收入肾内科。入院查体：T36．6℃,P106／min,R22／min,血压测不到,神志清楚,全身皮肤散在出血点,左腰背部可见一焦痂,周围红肿。