牙龈结合上皮对铸造钛种植体附着状况的超微结构研究

目的：研究牙龈结合上皮对精密铸造加工的一段式钛种植体的附着情况。方法：拔除实验动物双侧前磨牙４只,愈合３个月后,植入一段式铸造钛种植体,分别于植入后６,１２周取标本在透射电子显微镜下观察结合上皮对种植体的附着状况。结果：牙龈结合上皮增再生活跃,界面层以半桥粒结合方式附着于种植体表面的基质上,细胞质内有较多的粗面内质网,游离核糖体,分泌小泡,张力细丝,线粒体,有时还可见高尔基复合体。结论：牙龈结合上     

钛牙种植体的临床应用

钛是一种稀有金属。目前钛制作成牙种植物在临床上被广泛应用。本文报告应用国产叶状、螺旋状两类种植体对１０６颗牙齿进行了种植。通过２至于２０个月的观察，结果表明：有９８颗效果良好，获得成功，成功率为９２．４５％。     

二段式纯钛人工牙种植体的临床应用

目的 探讨总结二段式纯钛人工牙种植体的临床应用疗效。方法 对11例患者共种植二段式纯钛人工牙种植体128枚，术后3－6个月行烤瓷冠修复。结果 修复后通过1－5年随访，种植体成功率为95．31％。结论 严格的适应症，正确的外科操作，种植体的合适选择及正确修复是种植体成功的关键。国产人工牙种植体与国外的一些种植体相比，其精度有待进一步提高，但它价廉，适合中国国情。     

钛生物陶瓷涂层种植体的实验研究

目的 :比较溶胶 -凝胶烧结法制作的钛 -羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷种植体与纯钛种植体在动物骨中的骨性结合 ,为临床提供制作简单、造价低且与骨结合好的牙种植体。方法 :混种家兔 2 0只 ,均为雄性 ,体重 2～ 3kg,随机分成实验组和对照组 ,每组 1 0只。将溶胶 -凝胶烧结法制作的钛 -羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷种植体与纯钛种植体分别植入家兔胫骨内 ,分别在术后 1、4、8、1 2、1 6周后镜下观察种植体与骨结合情况。结果 :实验组术后 8周时种植体与骨形成良好骨性结合 ,而对照组则为1 2周 ,术后 1 6周对照组和实验组均显示良好的骨性结合。结论 :溶胶 -凝胶烧结法制作的生物陶瓷涂层种植体具有良好的生物性能 ,可供临床应用     

牙龈卟啉菌381对纯钛及钛75合金种植体表面失泽的腐蚀

目的：研究牙龈卟啉菌３８１对纯钛及钛７５合金种植体表面失泽腐蚀。方法将纯钛（ＴＡ２）、钛７５合金机加成１０ｍｍ＊１０ｍｍ＊１ｍｍ板片,数量分别为３０片和６０片,取钛７５合金试件３０片与纯钛试件分别进行化学钝化处理,将每组试件３０片随机分空白对照组、培养基对照组、实验组各１０片,厌氧环境中将牙龈卟啉菌３８１接种到改良ＧＡＭ培养基上,将试件贴附表面,每周转换传递１次,共１０ｗｋ．０．５ｍＬ．Ｌ＾－１Ｄ     

纳米银抗菌钛种植体对成纤维细胞的影响

目的考查纳米银抗菌钛板对成纤维细胞早期生物学行为的影响。方法将原代培养的人牙龈成纤维细胞接种于纳米银抗菌钛种植体表面,通过对样品表面细胞形态学观察和细胞增殖的检测分析该表面对成纤维细胞早期生物学行为的影响。结果和对照组相比,成纤维细胞在纳米银抗菌钛种植体表面早期铺展形态有差异,而增殖差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论经过纳米银改性后的钛片对成纤维细胞早期生物学行为无不良影响。     

钛种植体载银对牙龈卟啉单胞菌抗菌效应研究

目的 探究钛种植体表面载银涂层的构建及其对牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Pg)的抗菌效应,为钛种植体表面抗菌改性提供新方法.方法 利用阳极氧化法在纯钛表面制备出均一的二氧化钛纳米管(TNT)结构,并通过层层自组装的方法将载银的壳聚糖与肝素在TNT表面交替吸附沉积,构建载银多层膜涂层.扫描电子显微镜、接触角测量仪、X射线光电子能谱仪以...     

CDIC纯钛人工牙种植体的临床应用研究

目的：探讨CDIC纯钛牙种植体的临床应用疗效。方法：对114例失牙患者共种植各型CDIC纯钛牙种植体156颗,术后3～6个月用固定种植义齿修复方法行烤瓷冠修复。结果：修复后通过13～48个月随访种植体成功率为96．15％。结论：严格的技术适应证,正确的外科操作,种植体的合适选择及正确的修复是种植体成功的关键,尽管CDIC种植体只能行固定种植修复,其精确度与国外种植体比还有待于进一步提高,但CDIC种植价廉,成功率较高,适合中国国情。     

Endopore种植体即刻种植的临床研究

目的：应用Endopore 系统种植体行即刻种植，并对种植效果进行临床分析。方法：对具有即刻种植适应症18例患行26个人工牙种植体植入，牙槽窝较宽加用人冻干脱钙骨植入或联合超薄钛膜覆盖，3-6个月后，行种植义齿修复。结果：26个种植体植入后，伤口一期愈合，义齿修复后行使咀嚼功能3-36月，未发现种植失败。结论：即刻种植应严格掌握适应症，避免牙槽骨损伤，保证充分的骨组织与种植体结合，软组织要充分松驰，伤口无张力缝合。     

牙种植体结合上皮形成的动物实验

目的:观察牙种植体结合上皮形成的组织学过程.方法:HE染色及增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)免疫组化染色,观察Beagle狗1、3、6、9、12、15、20、30 d共8个时间段的牙种植体结合上皮区.结果:种植术后第12 d在牙种植体周围结合上皮开始形成,PCNA呈强阳性表达;第15 d上皮细胞增生趋于平稳,PCNA表达减弱;第20 d有类似天然牙的结合上皮细胞附着,PCNA维持低水平表达.结论:纯钛牙种植体周围能形成类似天然牙的结合上皮.     

Clinical evaluation of overdenture retention using indigenous dental implants

Background

The continuous resorption of the alveolar ridge after extraction of all the teeth can eventually result in a jaw anatomy which offers inadequate support for the dentures. This resorption can render the prosthesis inadequate in terms of both function and esthetics.

Methods

A study was conducted where 50 edentulous, denture-wearing patients, of either sex, were given mandibular implant overdentures, using their existing denture. The implants used were one piece implants with an integrated ball and socket joint for retention. A healing time of 3–4 months was given before loading.

Results

Implant failure was seen in 11 cases during the healing phase. A success rate of 78% was seen in this study during an observation period of 6 months. This success rate is significantly low as compared to global records where a success rate of 87–98% is documented. The patients were asked to grade the overdenture as poor, satisfactory, good and excellent in categories of masticatory efficiency, speech and overall comfort. 71.79% patients rated the overall comfort as excellent and the same percentage of patients rated the speech as good.

Conclusion

Implant retained overdentures help in improving the masticatory efficiency, speech and overall comfort of the patient as compared to conventional dentures.     

Clinical evaluation of overdenture retention using indigenous dental implants

Background

The continuous resorption of the alveolar ridge after extraction of all the teeth can eventually result in a jaw anatomy which offers inadequate support for the dentures. This resorption can render the prosthesis inadequate in terms of both function and esthetics.

Methods

A study was conducted where 50 edentulous, denture-wearing patients, of either sex, were given mandibular implant overdentures, using their existing denture. The implants used were one piece implants with an integrated ball and socket joint for retention. A healing time of 3–4 months was given before loading.

Results

Implant failure was seen in 11 cases during the healing phase. A success rate of 78% was seen in this study during an observation period of 6 months. This success rate is significantly low as compared to global records where a success rate of 87–98% is documented. The patients were asked to grade the overdenture as poor, satisfactory, good and excellent in categories of masticatory efficiency, speech and overall comfort. 71.79% patients rated the overall comfort as excellent and the same percentage of patients rated the speech as good.

Conclusion

Implant retained overdentures help in improving the masticatory efficiency, speech and overall comfort of the patient as compared to conventional dentures.     

3D打印钛合金种植体的制备及其骨结合性能

目的:观察3D打印种植体与经典Straumann种植体植入家兔体内后骨整合情况,为其临床应用提供理论依据.方法:以3D打印的方法制作Ti-6Al-4V(TC4)种植体,以经典Straumann种植体作为对照,于6只家兔双侧股骨植入种植体建立家兔种植体模型,每侧各植入1颗TC4种植体和1颗Straumann种植体,共12...     

不同表面形貌的纯钛种植体对牙龈软组织界面影响的扫描电镜观察

目的:比较不同的纯钛种植体表面形貌对牙龈软组织界面的影响,寻找一种有利于牙龈软组织附着的种植体颈部表面形貌。方法：采用电化学方法使纯钛金属种植体形成4种表面,即酸蚀组（AE组）纳米表面、电化学腐蚀1和2组（ECE1和ECE2组）的微米表面、电化学腐蚀加酸蚀组（ECA组）的微米-纳米表面,并以光滑组（S组）光滑表面作为对照,将5种试件即刻植于犬下颌骨中,术后20 d及3个月分别处死各组犬,制作标本后采用扫描电镜观察牙龈软组织与种植体表面结合界面的情况。结果：各组犬牙龈上皮与种植体表面连接紧密,组间比较未见明显差异;去除软组织后种植体表面未见上皮组织残留。S组胶原纤维平行黏附于种植体表面,与种植体表面大部分开裂分离,去除软组织后种植体表面残留胶原纤维较少;其他各组胶原纤维均垂直扎向种植体表面,牙龈组织面与种植体表面形成复杂的微米-纳米镶嵌结构,与种植体表面开裂较少;ECE2组和 ECA组去除软组织后种植体表面残留的胶原纤维多于AE组和ECE1组。结论: 通过电化学方法处理得到的微米和微米-纳米表面的种植体可明显改善牙龈软组织与种植体表面的黏附。     

种植牙周围颌骨质量的评价和意义

种植牙骨整合及良好的功能依赖于颌骨局部健康的骨质和足够的骨量.目前,数字化影像技术、计算机断层扫描技术以及双能X线吸收法等骨密度检查方法在临床上的广泛应用,可对牙种植局部颌骨的量和质进行精确的评估,选择合适的种植体及种植部位,了解骨的即刻负荷能力,设计出合理的外科种植方案,获得良好的初期稳定性,提高种植体的负荷能力,监测种植体周围骨质量的变化,对种植牙的预后均具有重要意义.     

不同表面处理的种植入早期表面沉积物的分析研究

目的：比较两种不同表面处理的种植体在植入早期表面沉积物的差异及其骨组织反应。方法：将表面经双重酸-双氧水热处理和双重酸处理的种植体分别植入兔子胫骨内，然后，采用带能谱分析的扫描电镜观测2、4、8周带种植体的骨组织。结果：植入2周后在两组种植体表面均沉积富含钙磷层；4周时这层结构大部分消失，但双重酸-双氧水-热处理组可见较多的骨生成细胞附着在种植体表面并形成新骨。8周时两组种植体表面均附着一些新骨，但以双重酸-双氧水-热处理组相对较多。结论：两组种植体在植入早期表面均可形成富含钙磷层。     

表面为金红石型纯钛种植体与口腔粘膜界面的组织学观察

目的：观察表面为金红石型纯钛种植体与口腔粘膜上皮界面的愈合情况，探讨两者之间是否可以形成良好的上皮屏障结构。方法：拔除Beagle狗双侧下颌前磨牙，愈合3个月后，植入二段式表面为金红石型纯钛种植体，分别于植入后15d、2个月及负荷后2个月，取标本作HE染色切片和透射电镜，观察种植体周围结合上皮的情况。结果：植入后15d即可在种植体周围形成上皮袖口，结合上皮再增生活跃，界面层以半桥粒结合方式附着于种植体表面的基质上。植入后2个月结合上皮增长，上皮较一致，为3－4层细胞。负荷后2个月结合上皮受炎症刺激后出现增生，形成上皮钉突。结论：口腔粘膜上皮可以与表面为金红石型纯钛种植体形成生物性附着，并起到生物屏障的作用。     

Role of single photon emission computerised tomography in evaluating osseointegration of indigenous DRDO implants: An in vivo study

Background

A study of first indigenous titanium dental implant developed by DRDO was undertaken at INMAS, Delhi. The aim was to establish the time taken for osseointegration, along with objectives to define the time of implant loading and compare the osseointegration of indigenous dental implants with already established dental implant systems.

Methods

21 subjects rehabilitated using 39 indigenous dental implants were evaluated by bone SPECT before implantation and at regular intervals towards establishing the aim and objectives.

Results

The rise followed by fall in Osteoblastic activity indicates the postoperative physiologic changes, which peaked at 2 weeks (mean) post-implantation and falls off to pre-implantation levels in 12 weeks (mean) indicating completion of osseointegration, healing and time of loading.

Conclusion

It can be summarized that the Osteoblastic activity of indigenous dental implants completes within three months, which can be taken as the time required for complete healing/osseointegration and loading the implants. On comparison with the available data of already established implants the figures appear similar, indicating indigenous implants to be similar in biologic behaviour.