增城市男性生殖健康现状调查研究

目的了解男性生殖健康状况和服务需求,探讨男性生殖健康适宜咨询和服务模式。方法从增城市随机抽取城区、乡镇、农村共860名成年男性进行问卷调查。结果成年男性普遍缺乏生殖健康知识,不同文化程度组间有显著性差异(P<0.05);存在不同的生殖健康问题;勃起功能国际问卷-5(IIEF-5)评分结果得出,男性勃起功能障碍(ED)患病率为36.5%,不同年龄组间ED的患病率及ED程度有显著性差异(P<0.05),且随着年龄的增大ED患病率增高,程度也愈严重;希望获得更多的生殖健康知识和有效的咨询服务。结论全社会应关注男性生殖健康,向他们提供适宜的生殖健康咨询和服务模式。     

输精管结扎术后远期对生殖激素水平、前列腺体积影响的研究

目的:探讨输精管结扎术对中老年男性生殖激素水平、前列腺体积、阴茎勃起功能和心理状态等状况的远期影响。方法:使用结构式问卷调查73例40岁以上,实施输精管结扎术20年以上健康男性(结扎组)和73例健康未实施结扎术健康男性(对照组),填写贝克抑郁量表(BDI-II)、国际勃起功能指数量表(IIEF-5)及国际前列腺症状评分量表(IPSS),测定并计算血清生殖激素水平及前列腺体积。结果:血清生殖激素水平、BDI-II评分及IIEF-5评分结扎组与对照组差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),结扎组前列腺体积小于对照组(P0.01),结扎组IPSS评分低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:输精管结扎术对受术对象勃起功能、心理状态及性激素水平无远期影响,但能抑制前列腺体积增大,改善下尿路排尿症状。     

从四川省育龄人群角度看男性在计划生育中的作用

目的:探讨计划生育中的性别作用。方法:小组访谈会。结果:共70人参加了访谈会(已婚育龄男性29人、女性41人)。访谈结果反映出男性优势的传统社会文化仍然根深蒂固,男性主动参与计划生育的意识淡薄,责任心不强。对男性绝育及其他避孕方法的认识存在误区。结论:应从项目层面加大宣传和倡导男性参与计划生育、生殖保健的力度,提高男性对改善妇女和自身生殖健康的意识。促进计划生育/生殖健康领域内的性别公平、公正。     

已婚育龄男女生殖健康认知与需求调查

为了解两类地区城市与农村已婚育龄男女对生殖健康概念、生殖健康知识的认知与需求情况,采用专题小组讨论的方法,在广东省选取经济发展两类地区珠海市和梅州市作为调查点,分别在六类人群进行座谈讨论。这六类人群包括:乡村已婚育龄男子、乡村已婚育龄女子、乡镇计划生育专干、城市已婚育龄男子,城市已婚育龄女子,城市计划生育干部。旨在与不同人群的座谈讨论中,发现普遍的、共同的特征。研究结果表明:我省已婚育龄男女对生殖健康概念仍较陌生;在避孕方法的选择方面仍显被动;对一些避孕方法如男性绝育、口服避孕药等缺乏正确的了解和认识;性生活质量、性健康需求已摆在生活中的重要位置;性传播疾病知识比较贫乏。根据调查结果对计生网络如何提高广大育龄男女的生殖健康意识和提供服务等方面提出一些建议。     

河北省农村已婚育龄妇女就医行为和生殖健康服务需求调查

目的:了解河北省农村已婚育龄妇女对患有生殖道感染后的就医意愿以及对生殖健康知识和生殖健康服务的需求情况,为制订生殖道感染干预措施提供依据。方法:采用分层整群抽样的方法和自行设计的"河北省农村已婚育龄妇女生殖健康调查表",在河北省11个设区市对3 359例农村已婚育龄妇女进行问卷调查。结果:3 359例农村已婚育龄妇女中,曾经接受过生殖健康检查者占92.17%,有86.75%的人表示出现生殖道感染症状会及时就诊,有83.72%的人对有关生殖道感染知识只是一般了解,其知识来源的途径主要是医生,占76.72%,有70.26%表示愿意接受定期的妇女病普查,72.52%妇女希望通过专科医生获取生殖保健知识。结论:应加强对农村已婚育龄妇女的生殖健康教育,她们非常需要计划生育专业技术人员提供的生殖健康知识和生殖保健服务。要充分发挥计划生育专业技术人员的作用,基层计划生育技术服务机构应将为农村已婚育龄妇女提供生殖健康服务纳入主要服务项目之中。     

印度Uttar Pradesh地区的男性对女性生殖健康需求知之甚少

在印度的一些地区 ,已婚男性缺乏生殖健康知识 ,根据 Uttar Pradesh地区男性生殖健康调查资料 ,仅有不足四分之一的男性能指出妇女在月经周期中的易孕期 ,有一半的男性不能够指出一项妊娠或分娩的严重并发症。 1 3%的男性在婚后出现过与性传播疾病有关的症状 ,其中有三分之二的人曾就医。Uttar Pradesh是印度婴儿死亡率较高而妇女保健水平较低的地区。为了研究妇女的社会地位与健康之间可能的联系 ,研究者在 1 995.1 0～1 9 96.4对该地区的 6,72 7名已婚男性进行了调查。调查问卷包括妇女生殖健康和计划生育方面的问题 ,同时涉及被调查者…     

安徽农村地区已婚育龄妇女生殖健康现状调查

目的:了解农村地区已婚育龄妇女生殖健康状况及其生殖健康知识、态度、行为,为制定提高我国农村地区妇女生殖健康水平的干预措施提供科学依据。方法:采用分层随机抽样,使用自编"安徽省农村地区育龄妇女生殖健康状况与KAP调查问卷",对安徽省淮北、江淮、皖南三个地区624名农村已婚育龄妇女进行一般情况、生殖健康状况、生殖健康相关KAP等方面调查。结果:624名已婚育龄妇女中,有617人有过孕育史,平均孕次2.31±1.119、平均活产子女数1.90±0.868,已婚妇女中高中及以上文化程度为9.6%,文盲为19.4%,不同文化程度已婚育龄妇女生殖健康相关知识、态度、行为之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。1/2以上的调查对象喜欢通过医生讲解和广播电视宣传的途径获得生殖道感染知识和优生优育知识等。结论:仍需继续提高农村地区妇女文化水平,农村已婚育龄妇女生殖健康相关知识水平亟需提高,态度、行为亟需改善;卫生服务部门应根据农村妇女的需要,采取更为直观、直接宣传教育方式对农村已婚育龄妇女进行健康教育。     

慢性前列腺炎与勃起功能障碍的关系及心理辅助治疗的效果分析

目的探讨慢性前列腺炎与勃起功能障碍的关系及心理辅助治疗的有效性。方法选取黄冈市某医院2013年5月-2015年5月收治的90例慢性前列腺炎患者作为研究对象,所有患者均采用美国卫生研究院慢性前列腺炎症状指数(NIH-CPSI)、国际勃起功能指数-5(IIEF-5)问卷进行评分,并接受心理辅助治疗。总结慢性前列腺炎与勃起功能障碍的关系,并分析心理辅助治疗的效果。结果同一类型前列腺炎患者勃起功能障碍的发生率并未随其CPSI评分的升高而升高,且不同类型前列腺炎患者的勃起功能障碍发生情况比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.831,P=0.243)。不同CPSI评分患者的勃起功能障碍发生情况比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.311,P=0.519);同一类型前列腺炎患者勃起功能障碍的发生率并未随WBC水平的升高而升高,且不同类型及不同WBC水平前列腺炎患者的勃起功能障碍发生情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(χ2=2.831,2.824,P=0.243,0.420);治疗后,患者的CPSI评分、WBC水平较治疗前及治疗后明显降低,与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),IIEF-5评分与治疗前比较,差异无统计学意义;心理辅助治疗后,患者的CPSI评分、WBC水平较治疗前及治疗后明显降低,IIEF-5评分较治疗前及治疗后明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗前、治疗后、心理辅助治疗后,不同类型前列腺炎患者勃起功能障碍发生情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(χ2=2.831,2.820,3.229,P=0.243,0.244,0.199)。结论心理因素是引起慢性前列腺炎患者合并勃起功能障碍的相关病因,心理辅助治疗可提高三线方案对慢性前列腺炎合并勃起功能障碍的治疗效果,进而提高患者的生活质量。     

河南省农村地区男性生殖健康现状及评估

目的:了解河南省农村地区男性生殖健康的现状和需求。方法:根据地理条件的不同,分别以在河南省内山区、平原、丘陵及沿河地域,选择4个县农村地区,各随机抽取300名成年男性,共1200人,进行问卷调查及生殖系统检查,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果:农村成年男性生殖系统疾病患病率为43.30%,较国内其他地区为高;生殖健康知识缺乏,但需求度较高。结论:积极防治农村男性生殖系统疾病有其必要性和紧迫性,应拓宽和加强基层计划生育技术服务的能力,对农村地区不同年龄阶段的男性提供安全的生殖健康服务。     

男性流动人口主动参与生殖健康活动状况分析

目的:通过对育龄男性流动人群有关生殖健康问题的调查和访谈,了解其参与的主动性。方法:采取多阶随机抽样的方法,对台州市5个县、市、区共计2432名浙江省外来育龄男性人群进行调查和访谈。结果:浙江省台州市男性流动人群的文化程度总体较低,以小学和初中为主(72.3%).他们对生殖健康知识的了解较少,对计划生育/生殖健康服务的可得性明显不足,接受过避孕宣传的占29.1%,参与生殖健康活动主动性差,79.7%缺乏当地社会认同感和归属感。结论:加大对男性流动人群的生殖健康宣传教育力度,提高其生殖健康意识,促进其更多参与计划生育,有利于提升整体人群生殖健康水平。     

Adolescents' reports of reproductive health education, 1988 and 1995

CONTEXT: Reproductive health education is a key strategy for promoting safe sexual behavior among teenagers. In the last decade, new initiatives in response to AIDS and growing interest in abstinence education may have changed the prevalence, content or timing of the reproductive health education provided by schools and parents. METHODS: Formal reproductive health education and communication with parents about reproductive health among males aged 15-19 were analyzed using data from the 1988 and 1995 National Surveys of Adolescent Males. Young men's reports of formal instruction were compared with reports by adolescent females from the 1995 National Survey of Family Growth. RESULTS: Between 1988 and 1995, formal reproductive health education became nearly universal among adolescent males: In 1988, 93% of teenage males received some formal instruction, compared with 98% in 1995. The percentage of teenage males who received instruction about AIDS increased from 73% to 97% and the proportion who received instruction about how to say no to sex increased from 58% to 75%. Adolescent males who had dropped out of school received significantly less reproductive health education than those who had stayed in school, however. In addition, the median age at initial instruction decreased from age 14 to 13. Many males did not receive instruction prior to first intercourse, with non-Hispanic blacks being significantly less likely than other males to receive education prior to first intercourse. In 1995, 54% of black males had received reproductive health education before they first had sex, compared with 68% of Hispanic males and 76% of non-Hispanic white males. A smaller share of adolescent males than females received reproductive health education, and males were less likely than females to receive instruction prior to first intercourse. CONCLUSIONS: During the last decade, many types of formal reproductive health education for adolescents expanded. Further efforts should focus on assuring access to timely, comprehensive and high-quality reproductive health education for all teenagers and reducing gaps in access related to race, gender and school attendance.     

Patterns of men's use of sexual and reproductive health services

CONTEXT: Men have been neglected as a target population for sexual and reproductive health services. As a result, little is known about the rates and antecedents of men's service utilization. METHODS: Data from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth were used to examine utilization of sexual and reproductive health services among 3,611 men aged 20-44 who had ever had sex with a woman. Associations between demographic and behavioral variables and measures of service utilization were assessed in univariate and logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Only 48% of men reported receiving sexual and reproductive health services in the past year. The testicular exam was the most commonly received service (35%), but half of men who had had a testicular exam had received no other sexual and reproductive health services. Levels of unmet need for services among men engaging in sexual risk behaviors were substantial (32-63%). The odds of having received nontesticular services were elevated among men who were nonwhite and older, engaged in sexual risk behaviors, had had a physical exam and had public health insurance. The odds of having received only a testicular exam were elevated among men who were white, had lower levels of sexual risk, had had a physical exam and had private or no insurance. CONCLUSIONS: Men who have sex with women are not receiving adequate levels of sexual and reproductive health care, and the care they receive is neither comprehensive nor integrated. Standards of clinical care need to be defined and communicated to men and providers.     

SERVING RURAL AUSTRALIA WITH REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH EXPERTISE

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to review the use of reproductive health services in Family Planning clinics by women from rural (non-metropolitan) Australia through a retrospective analysis of data collected at clinics of seven state/territory Family Planning Organisations (FPO). From a total of 146 157 client visits to FPO clinics between July 1998 and June 1999, 42 497 (29.1%) were by clients who lived outside metropolitan areas. Some 97% of clients were women. Our results show the use of reproductive health services by women from rural areas was different from the services used by women from metropolitan areas. There were fewer male clients, more women over 40 years of age, and fewer clients from a non-English speaking background. More of the attendees had pension cards and fewer were privately insured. We concluded there is considerable demand for reproductive health services among the rural population and reproductive health care needs to be expanded to reach rural women.     

农村地区育龄人群生殖道感染性/传播疾病的健康教育效果评价

目的　评价综合性健康教育措施对农村地区育龄人群的生殖道感染 性传播疾病知识的改善效果。方法　资料来源于 1998～ 2 0 0 2年实施的生殖健康 计划生育国际合作项目。利用准人群试验设计 ,从 3 2个项目县中选择 6个县作为干预组。选择人口和经济状况与项目县类似的 6个县作为对照组。采用结构式问卷共访谈 <3岁儿童的母亲和 <3 5岁男性青年 675名 ,干预组和对照组各为 3 67名和 3 0 8名。利用logistic回归模型分析项目地区和非项目地区目标人群在生殖健康 计划生育知识的差异 ,并用OR值反映差异的大小。结果　经过 18个月的综合性健康教育干预后 ,干预组在生殖道感染 性传播疾病的传播途径、危害、症状、处理和预防五个方面的知晓率明显高于对照组。logistic回归分析表明 ,在控制人口学特征因素后 ,干预措施与调查对象在传播途径、健康危害、症状、得病后的处理和预防五个方面的知识相关 ,OR值的 95%CI分别为 2 .4～ 6.4、2 .0～ 4.8、3 .0～6.4、1.9～ 5.7和 1.8～ 6.8。文化程度是影响目标人群掌握生殖道感染 性传播疾病知识一个重要因素。结论　综合性健康教育可提高目标人群的生殖道感染 性传播疾病的知晓率     

家庭暴力对流动人口已婚育龄妇女性与生殖健康的影响

目的：了解丈夫的身体暴力或性暴力对流动人口已婚育龄妇女性与生殖健康的影响。方法：在上海市某中心城区采用以社区为基础的多阶段整群抽样方法对符合条件的流动人口已婚育龄妇女进行问卷调查,共收回有效问卷958份。结果：曾经或最近1年遭受过身体暴力或性暴力的对象有不良妊娠结局、曾经或最近1年有生殖道感染症状、性生活不和谐、曾经感到缺乏性欲和最近1年感到缺乏性欲的比例显著高于同一时期从未遭受过任何暴力的对象。Logistic回归分析发现,遭受过身体暴力或性暴力的对象有不良妊娠结局、生殖道感染、妇科疾病、性生活不和谐和缺乏性欲的危险性是未遭受过任何暴力对象的2.05～4.79倍。结论：身体暴力或性暴力对流动人口已婚育龄妇女的性与生殖健康状况有显著影响。     

未婚女性青少年流动人口生殖健康知识及需求调查

目的:了解未婚女性青少年流动人口的生殖健康知识、影响因素及生殖健康需求。方法:采用单纯随机抽样和非随机抽样相结合的方法,对青岛市3个区3个工厂的137名未婚女性青少年流动工人进行自填式问卷调查。结果:调查对象平均年龄为20.23岁。生殖健康知识分为五类,总评分为100.00分。女性青少年流动人口的总知识得分的中位数为24.50分。各项知识得分换算为百分制,其中避孕知识的得分为0.00分,怀孕与人工流产知识为10.00分,生殖道感染与艾滋病知识为41.67分,性健康知识为37.50分,妇科疾病知识为50.00分。五类知识得分差异具有统计学意义(χ2=221.642,P=0.000)。影响总知识得分的因素有年龄(OR=1.705)、月收入(OR=2.784)和文化程度(OR=2.677)。调查对象中36.50%有妇科疾病症状,有54.01%的人有月经异常。有妇科疾病症状者中仅有10.00%的人曾去看病,未看病的原因:42.22%的人认为"每个妇女都会有这些症状,没有什么关系",24.44%的人认为"我没有症状"。73.72%、90.51%、85.40%、76.64%的调查对象不知道计生服务中心发放宣教资料、发放避孕药具、诊断妇科疾病和开展健康教育服务。结论:未婚女性青少年流动人口的生殖健康知识水平较低,尤其是避孕知识。影响知识水平的因素有年龄、收入及文化水平。她们在妇科疾病、月经问题上有较大的需求,但缺乏主动求医意识且对目前计划生育服务中心的服务内容不了解。     

860例男性生殖健康状况和需求调查

目的为了解男性生殖健康状况和服务需求,探讨男性生殖健康最佳咨询和服务模式。方法从增城市随机抽取城区、乡镇、农村共860名成年男性进行问卷调查。结果成年男性普遍缺乏生殖健康知识和必备的保健意识,存在不同的生殖健康问题,希望获得更多的生殖健康知识和有效的咨询服务。结论通过多途径大力宣传生殖健康保健知识,发挥计生服务网络和妇幼保健网络优势,为不同年龄段男性提供满意安全的生殖健康咨询服务。     

Use of reproductive health services among young men, 1995.

PURPOSE: To analyze the extent to which teenage males receive preventive reproductive health services and identify demographic and health factors associated with their receipt. METHODS: Bivariate and multivariate analyses of nationally representative data from the 1995 National Survey of Adolescent Males were conducted using logistic regression to determine which factors predicted whether teenagers had a physical examination and whether they discussed reproductive health topics with a medical professional, had a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) test, or had a sexually transmitted disease (STD) test. RESULTS: Although 71% of males aged 15-19 years received a physical examination in the past year, only 39% of them received any of the three reproductive health services. Less than one-third of all young men discussed reproductive health with their doctor or nurse. Among sexually experienced males, one-sixth had an STD test and one-quarter an HIV test. In multivariate analysis, males who had a physical examination were more likely to have an STD or HIV test, but were no more likely to discuss reproductive health topics. Minority and low-income youth were more likely to receive these reproductive health services, as were young men with multiple sex partners and those with health problems. CONCLUSIONS: In general, the proportion of teenage men receiving reproductive health services is low, although levels are higher among minority youth and certain groups at risk. To reduce rates of teen pregnancy and STDs, physicians and nurses need to incorporate reproductive health care into routine health services for teenage males, as well as females.