问荆硅化物对四氯化碳急性肝损伤的保护作用及机制

目的 研究问荆硅化物(SCE)对CCl4急性肝损伤的保护作用及机制.方法 采用小鼠CCl4急性肝损伤模型进行实验,检测小鼠血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、NO及肝糖原、肝蛋白、肝甘油三酯、肝丙二醛、肝细胞色素P450含量及肝超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性.结果 SCE(灌胃1.0～2.0g/kg)能明显降低CCh肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST活性、NO含量及肝甘油三酯、肝丙二醛含量,提高肝糖原、肝蛋白、肝细胞色素P450含量及肝SOD活性.结论 SCE对CCl4引起的小鼠急性肝损伤具有明显保护作用,其机制可能与其清除自由基、抑制脂质过氧化及降低NO浓度有关.     

复方灵芝制剂防治化学性肝损伤实验研究

目的 通过实验操作探讨复方灵芝制剂防治化学性肝损伤的作用.方法 分0.33、0.67、2.00 g/kg 3个剂量组对小鼠每日经口进行灌胃,受试样品为复方灵芝制剂,空白对照组和模型对照组给予蒸馏水.30 d后将各组动物禁食16 h,模型对照组及各剂量组动物按0.01 mL/g一次灌胃给予四氯化碳(CCl4)染毒,各受试组染毒4 h后继续给予受试样品.染毒24 h后摘取眼球取血,分离血清,测定ALT、AST,同时处死动物,取肝脏进行组织病理学检查.结果 模型对照组小鼠的ALT、AST含量比空白对照组高(P＜0.05),低、中剂量组的ALT、AST值与模型对照组比较,有下降,差异呈显著性(P＜0.05).结论 复方灵芝制剂具有防治CCl4化学性肝损伤的作用.     

利肝宁药效学实验研究

目的：探讨验证利肝宁合剂(LGNM)的主要药效学。方法：(1)小鼠灌胃给予LGNM(6．25g／kg，12．5g／kg，25．0g／kg)，9—10天后，腹腔分别注射D-Gal(800mg／kg)、1％CCl4豆油溶液(10ml／kg)，造小鼠急性肝损伤模型。24小时后检测其血清ALT，AST水平。(2)小鼠碳粒廓清实验：鼠尾iv印度墨汁0．1ml／10g，在小鼠眼后静脉丛取血，按分光光度法测取吸收度(OD)，计算吞噬指数K。结果：(1)小鼠灌胃给予LGNM可明显降低D-Gal、CCl4所致急性肝损伤小鼠的血清ALT、AST水平。(2)小鼠碳粒廓清实验显示LGNM明显增强小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬血中碳粒的能力。结论：利肝宁合剂(LGNM)具有保肝、降酶和免疫增强作用。     

芪蛭胶囊对四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤保护作用的研究

目的研究芪蛭胶囊对四氯化碳(CCl4)所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法采用0.2?l4液体石蜡灌胃制作CCl4小鼠急性肝损伤模型。通过检测血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、总蛋白(TP)和白蛋白(ALB)水平,探讨芪蛭胶囊对CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。结果模型组与空白组比较,血清ALT、AST明显增高(P<0.01);芪蛭胶囊组与模型组比较,血清ALT、AST、TNF-α明显降低(P<0.01)。结论芪蛭胶囊对CCl4所致小鼠急性肝损伤有一定的保护作用。     

秃疮花提取物对CCl_4诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤的影响

目的 探讨秃疮花提取物(DLE)对CCl4诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤的影响.方法 给予小鼠不同剂量的DLE灌胃,连续10 d.小鼠腹腔注射CCl4造成急性肝损伤,16 h后测定血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性;制备肝组织匀浆测定丙二醛含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性;同时进行肝组织病理观察.结果 与模型组相比,不同剂量的DLE给药组小鼠血清ALT、AST活性显著降低,肝组织匀浆中丙二醛含量显著减少;SOD、GSH-Px活性显著升高;病理切片表明DLE作用后肝组织损伤不同程度减轻,其中剂量为2.0 g生药/kg体重时,肝组织的损伤程度较轻.结论 DLE对CCl4诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤具有很好的保护作用,其作用机制可能与DLE抑制抗氧化酶活性和抗自由基活性有关.     

叶下珠复方Ⅱ号对四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的观察叶下珠复方Ⅱ号对四氯化碳(CCl4)致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法72只昆明小鼠(KM小鼠)随机分为正常组、模型组、叶下珠复方Ⅱ号高剂量组(6.04 g/kg)、中剂量组(3.02 g/kg)、低剂量组(0.604 g/kg)和联苯双酯组(150 mg/kg),给药7 d后,除正常组外,其余各组小鼠均按10 m L/kg腹腔注射0.12%CCl4大豆油溶液,16 h后取小鼠血清,检测丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性;取肝组织,观察肝组织病理改变,并检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH)和丙二醛(MDA)水平变化。结果与模型组比较,叶下珠复方Ⅱ号高、中剂量组可显著降低急性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST活性(P0.01或P0.05),显著减轻肝组织病理改变,并提高肝组织SOD活性(P0.01或P0.05),降低肝组织MDA水平(P0.01)。结论叶下珠复方Ⅱ号对CCl4诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤有较好的保护作用,其作用机制与抗脂质过氧化损伤有关。     

蕨麻多糖的提取及对CCl_4急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的 观察蕨麻多糖对CCl4致急性化学性肝损伤的保护作用.方法 60只昆明种小鼠按随机数字表分为6组,分别为正常对照组、CCl4模型对照组、联苯双酯组、蕨麻多糖低、中、高剂量组(200、400、800 mg/kg).给药7 d后用0.1%的CCl4灌胃,建立实验性急性肝损伤模型,观察体重、脾脏系数、肝脏系数及血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性.结果 蕨麻多糖能明显降低CCl4肝损伤小鼠血清巾ALT、AST的活性(P＜0.05),且与剂量呈负相关.结论 蕨麻多糖对小鼠CCl4肝损伤有良好的保护作用.     

CAPE-NO2预处理对CCl4引起的小鼠肝损伤的保护作用

目的 研究对硝基咖啡酸苯乙酯(CAPE-NO2)对CCl4诱导的小鼠化学性肝损伤的保护作用.方法 小鼠分为7组,每组10只.分组:正常组,CAPE-NO2(2.0 mg/kg)组,模型组,CAPE(2.0 mg/kg)+CCl4组,CAPE-NO2(2.0 mg/kg)+CCl4组,CAPE-NO2 (1.0 mg/kg)+CCl4组,CAPE-NO2(0.5 mg/kg)+ CCl4组.各组腹腔注射给药15 d,正常组和模型组给生理盐水0.1 mL/10 g.第15天给药结束后,正常组和CAPE-NO2组腹腔注射橄榄油溶液(0.1 mL/10g),其余各组腹腔注射0.15％CCl4橄榄油溶液(0.1 mL/10 g).测定血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性、三酰甘油(TG)水平,肝组织匀浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性.取肝左叶经10％多聚甲醛固定,进行组织病理学检查和TUNEL染色.结果 CAPE-NO2能显著降低CCl4诱导的肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST活性、TG水平,升高小鼠肝组织中CAT、GSH-Px的活性,且呈药效剂量依赖性.CAPE-NO2能明显减少肝细胞损伤和降低肝细胞凋亡率,且作用强于CAPE.结论 CAPE-NO2对小鼠化学性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用,机制可能与增强肝细胞抗氧酶的水平,提高机体清除自由基能力和抑制细胞凋亡有关.     

叶下珠复方对四氯化碳所致小鼠肝损伤的保护作用及影响

目的：探讨叶下珠复方对小鼠实验性肝损伤的保护作用。方法：用CCl4诱导小鼠急慢性肝损伤模型，将实验小鼠分为空白对照组，CCl4模型组，西药对照组,吾下珠复方高，中,低剂量组（分别含生药60，30，15g/kg小鼠体重），西药在急，慢性肝损伤实验分别为联苯双酯和秋水仙碱，检测血清中的谷丙转氨酶（ALT），超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的含量，观察肝组织病理改变。结果：所检测的各指标值CCl4模型组和正常组比差异有显意义（P＜0．01）；叶下珠复方各剂量组均可显降低血清中ALT和提高SOD含量，在急性肝损伤实验中，复方大，中剂量对降低ALT的效果与联苯双酯相似（P＞0．05），但复方大剂量提高SOD的效果优于联苯双酯；而在慢性肝损伤实验中，叶下珠复方大剂量降低ALT和SOD的效果优于秋水仙碱（P＜0．05），病理检查证实叶下珠复方各剂量组还可明显减轻肝细胞损伤程度。结论：叶下珠复方有很好的保护肝细胞作用。     

HG颗粒对免疫性肝损伤小鼠肝功能的影响

目的:研究HG颗粒对免疫性肝损伤小鼠肝功能的影响.方法:50只小鼠用卡介苗联合脂多糖腹腔注射,建立小鼠免疫性肝损伤模型,其中4组分别给予HG颗粒高(9 g/kg)、中(4.5 g/kg)、低(2.25 g/kg)剂量及复方鳖甲软肝片(1.5 g/kg)灌胃治疗,余10只模型小鼠(模型对照组)和10只未造模小鼠(正常对照组)给予蒸馏水灌胃,1次/d,10 d后,检测各组小鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性.结果:模型对照组小鼠血清ALT、AST活性较正常对照组增高.HG颗粒组血清ALT、AST活性均较模型对照组下降(P＜0.05).结论:HG颗粒具有保护卡介苗联合脂多糖致免疫性肝损伤小鼠肝功能的作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.