破裂性前交通动脉瘤的电解可脱卸弹簧圈栓塞治疗

目的：总结45例破裂性前交通动脉瘤急症血管内栓塞的经验和体会,方法：采用电解可脱卸弹簧圈（Guglielmi detachable coil,GDC)作动脉瘤内填塞治疗。结果：动脉瘤完全闭塞25,90%以上闭塞14例, 90％闭塞6例;2次填塞2例,复发经手术治愈1例。术后并发脑梗死7例,术后死于肺部并发症1例,植物入状态生存1例,随访1－20个月,治疗结果稳定,颅内多动脉瘤5例,4例1次填塞成功,结论：GDC栓塞破裂性前交通动脉瘤效果好,虽然有较高的脑梗死发生率,但临床预后良好。     

血管内支架治疗颅内动脉瘤

目的：探索使用血管内支架及血管内支架结合电解可脱卸弹簧圈（Guglielmi detachable coil,GDC)治疗颅内梭形及宽颈动脉瘤的可能性。方法：3例椎动脉颅内段梭形动脉瘤及6例宽颈动脉瘤,首先将冠脉支架跨动脉瘤颈放置,通过支架的网孔将微导管送入动脉瘤腔,填入GDC。结果：7例动脉瘤致密堵塞,2例大部堵塞,载瘤动脉通畅,临床效果优良。结论：联合使用支架及微弹簧圈是治疗颅内梭形及宽颈动脉瘤可选择的有效方法之一。     

颅内宽颈动脉瘤的介入治疗

介入治疗已成为颅内动脉瘤治疗的重要手段。电解可脱卸弹簧圈（GDC）栓塞颅内动脉瘤具有微创、安全、效果可靠的优点。但宽颈动脉瘤的致密栓塞率低，复发率高，如何提高颅内动脉瘤的致密栓塞是该技术的要点和难点。动脉瘤微导管的双弯塑型、横向成篮、篮外填塞、分部填塞及瘤颈重塑型技术可明显提高动脉瘤的致密栓塞率。常见的并发症有术中出血、血栓栓塞、血管痉挛等，迅速继续填塞动脉瘤是处理术中出血最有效的措施；实施腰蛛网膜下腔持续引流，释放血性脑脊液，辅以抗凝及“3H”治疗是防治脑血管痉挛和血栓栓塞的关键。对于特别宽颈及梭形动脉瘤，无法单纯采用GDC治疗，血管内支架结合GDC是治疗颅内梭形及宽颈动脉瘤的有效方法。正确的支架选择，防止支架移位，是手术成功的关键，但确切疗效需进一步长期随访。     

单侧A1优势前交通动脉瘤的栓塞治疗(附48例报告)

目的 总结使用可脱弹簧圈栓塞治疗48例单侧A1优势前交通动脉瘤的经验和方法.方法 2009年1月-2010年4月西京医院收治的单侧A1优势前交通动脉瘤患者48例,其中男23例,女25例,年龄32～72岁,平均53.4岁.全部动脉瘤均在术中应用旋转成像图像后处理技术,并采用弹簧圈进行动脉瘤内栓塞治疗,采用双侧颈动脉置管技...     

电解可脱卸弹簧圈栓塞颅内动脉瘤

目的 总结２２例颅内动脉瘤电解可脱卸弹簧圈（ＧＤＣ）栓塞治疗,探讨术中操作注意点,手术时机、术中出血、术后再出血的处理。方法 采用ＧＤＣ－１８、ＧＤＣ－１０系统栓塞治疗２２例２４个人动脉瘤。结果 动脉瘤腔完全栓寒６个,栓塞大于９０％６个,栓塞小于９０％２个,１例术后１月半复发,经手术夹闭而愈。全组无死亡。结论颅内动脉瘤的ＧＤＣ栓塞治疗是一较为安全、效果较好的技术。     

电解可脱卸弹簧圈栓塞颅内动脉瘤

目的：探讨电解可脱卸弹簧圈（GDC）的治疗颅内动脉瘤的手术指征,术前评估方法,技术操作要点、并发症防治、疗效、存在问题及临床应用前景。方法：1998年7月至2000年2月对93例118例颅内动脉瘤患者施行了电解可脱卸弹簧圈栓塞术,其中84例为破裂动脉瘤,按Hunt-Hess分级：Ⅰ级18例,Ⅱ级29例,Ⅲ级25例,Ⅳ级10例,Ⅴ级2例,7例行急性诊栓塞,手DSA动态监视下完成,术后腰椎蛛网膜下腔持续引流,并予以3H（高血容量、高血压、血液释释）治疗。结果：动脉瘤完全闭塞104个（88．14％）,栓塞程度达90％以上11个（9．32％）,栓塞程度在90％以上3个（2．54％）。全组死亡3例（3．23％（）。1例术后1．5个月复发出血经手术夹闭愈,2例术后复查发现瘤颈扩大,经再次填塞复良好。结论短期随访结果表明,GDC栓塞颅内动脉瘤具有微创,安全、效果可的优点,致密填塞动脉瘤疗效可靠,部分填塞可能导致动脉瘤继续扩大,破裂出血,破裂动脉瘤应急诊检塞治疗。术后腰椎蛛网膜下腔持续引流,可明显提高疗效。     

支架辅助GDC治疗颅内动脉瘤术中并发症的防治

目的 回顾总结血管内支架治疗颅内动脉瘤术中并发症，以提高使用血管内支架结合电解可脱卸弹簧圈(GDC)治疗颅内夹层及宽颈动脉瘤的安全性。方法 105例难治性动脉瘤，首先将冠脉支架跨动脉瘤颈放置，通过支架的网孔将微导管送入动脉瘤腔，填入GDC。结果 6例患者术中出现支架移位，1例发生动脉瘤破裂出血，1例发生大脑中动脉穿支出血，1例发生支架塌陷，1例发生颈内动脉夹层动脉瘤，1例弹簧圈突入小脑后下动脉(PICA)起始部，10例发生血管痉挛，经对症处理，预后良好。结论 在支架植入过程中，联合采用多种措施可减少并发症的发生；支架和GDC联合应用治疗颅内夹层及宽颈动脉瘤安全、有效。     

微弹簧圈栓塞前交通动脉瘤效果评价

目的：评价微弹簧圈栓塞治疗前交通动脉瘤的有效性及安全性。方法回顾性分析盐城市第三人民医院采用微弹簧圈栓塞术治疗的连续27例前交通动脉瘤患者的临床资料,其中多发前交通动脉瘤1例。通过评估动脉瘤栓塞率、患者预后、并发症、神经功能等判断微弹簧圈栓塞治疗前交通动脉瘤的有效性及安全性。结果27例前交通动脉瘤患者全部栓塞治疗成功,其中使用双导管技术3例,支架辅助技术3例。致密栓塞21例,瘤颈残余6例;所有患者保留载瘤动脉且载瘤动脉通畅,未见动脉瘤破裂出血、弹簧圈逸出。术后1 d再次出血,2 d后死亡1例;术后6个月轻度复发1例。术后6个月改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分显示24例患者0~1分,1例2分,1例4分。结论采用适宜的血管内栓塞治疗技术,可安全有效地治疗前交通动脉瘤。     

双微导管技术成功处置脑动脉瘤栓塞术中动脉瘤破裂一例

电解可脱弹簧圈(GDC)栓塞颅内动脉瘤已取得长足进步，但仍可发生栓塞术中动脉瘤破裂的严重并发症，对此主张从微导管内继续填塞GDC以闭塞破口。笔者报道采用双微导管技术闭塞栓塞术中破裂的动脉瘤，随后通过腰穿把微导管插入小脑延髓池，注射尿激酶溶解血块并持续引流血性脑脊液的成功病例，发现联合使用这2种介入技术能有效地     

电解可脱卸弹簧圈栓塞颅内动脉瘤术中出血的原因和防治

目的　分析颅内动脉瘤电解可脱卸弹簧圈 (GDC)栓塞治疗术中动脉瘤破裂的原因和防治对策。方法　 178例颅内动脉瘤患者采用GDC栓塞治疗。 6例GDC栓塞过程中出血 ,立即中和肝素 ,并继续栓塞止血。 1例为术后CT证实的出血。术后对症治疗。结果　 7例术中破裂者中 5例致密栓塞 ,<90 %栓塞 2例。 4例恢复好 ,1例轻残 ,2例术后 1周死于颅内高压。结论　GDC栓塞颅内动脉瘤发生术中出血与术中操作、动脉瘤以及患者血管条件有关 ,继续栓塞可以挽救大部分患者的生命     

Endovascular treatment of anterior communicating artery aneurysms using Guglielmi detachable coils

The aim of this study was to evaluate endovascular treatment of anterior communicating artery aneurysms using Guglielmi detachable coils GDC. To obtain long-term follow-up, we selected patients treated between October 1992 and March 1994. Among the 251 berry aneurysms treated by detachable coils at our institution, 36 were located at the anterior communicating artery and treated with GDC. The most frequent clinical presentation in this group (86 %) was subarachnoid haemorrhage (30 cases). There were 23 aneurysms which were completely and 6 were partially occluded. We did not treat 7 aneurysms. In 3 cases, no endovascular treatment was attempted either because the aneurysmal neck was not clearly distinct from the adjacent, or parent vessels (2 cases), or because the aneurysm sac was too small (1 case). In 4 cases, treatment failed because of atheroma of the cervical and intracranial vessels. Complications were, in the majority of cases, related to clotting (3 cases) with a good outcome in 2 cases and neurological sequelae in 1. In 1 case rupture of the aneurysm occurred during treatment. Endovascular packing was continued until complete occlusion of the aneurysm was achieved and no clinical complication was observed after the treatment. Two patients died as a result of complications of subarachnoid haemorrhage (vasospasm in one case, pulmonary complications in the other). Endovascular treatment using GDC is an efficient technique for treating anterior communicating artery aneurysms even in the acute phase of bleeding. Received: 6 June 1995 Accepted: 25 August 1995     

电解可解脱弹簧圈栓塞颅内动脉瘤

目的　探讨电解可解脱弹簧圈治疗颅内动脉瘤的手术指征、术前评估方法、技术操作要点、手术时机、并发症防治、治疗效果、存在的问题及临床应用前景。方法　 72例患者 ,80枚颅内动脉瘤中 ,6 8例为破裂动脉瘤 ,4例为未破裂动脉瘤。动脉瘤部位在后交通动脉 2 0枚 ,前交通动脉 32枚 ,大脑中动脉 8枚 ,大脑后动脉 5枚 ,眼动脉 3枚 ,颈内动脉分叉处 3枚 ,基底动脉 5枚 ,小脑后下动脉 2枚 ,脉络膜前动脉 2枚。 72例患者中 ,Hunt Hess分级 :Ⅰ级 2 4例 ,Ⅱ级 2 5例 ,Ⅲ级 10例 ,Ⅳ级 9例 ,Ⅴ级 4例。72例患者分别采用单纯弹簧圈栓塞、血管内支架加弹簧圈栓塞、瘤颈重塑形技术栓塞和双导丝技术栓塞。蛛网膜下腔出血 (SAH)后 1周内治疗的患者 18例 ,2～ 3周内治疗的患者 2 9例 ,4周以后治疗的 2 1例。手术采用全麻并在术中适当控制血压 ,使收缩压不超过 110mmHg ,手术全程在DSA动态监视下完成。根据患者SAH的严重程度 ,采用术前或者术后给予脑室外引流、腰椎蛛网膜下腔引流或单纯腰椎穿刺释放血性脑脊液的方法 ,栓塞术后全部病例给予“3H”治疗。结果　动脉瘤完全闭塞 6 8枚 ,占 85 % ,栓塞程度 95 %～ 99%的 8枚 ,占 10 % ,栓塞程度达 90 %的 4个 ,占 5 %。全组死亡 2例 ,占 2 .78%。术中动脉瘤出血 2例 ,经弹簧     

球囊辅助瘤颈成形术治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤

目的　总结球囊辅助瘤颈成形术在颅内宽颈动脉瘤治疗中应用的临床体会。方法　采用球囊辅助瘤颈成形术对 18例患者 2 0个颅内宽颈动脉瘤进行栓塞治疗 ,先将微导管超选入动脉瘤内 ,再将不可脱卸球囊于动脉瘤颈处充盈覆盖瘤颈 ,电解可脱卸弹簧圈 (GDC)填塞动脉瘤。结果　 17个动脉瘤治疗成功 ,完全填塞的动脉瘤 12个 ,次全填塞 (>90 % ) 4个 ,不完全填塞 (<90 % ) 1个 ,载瘤动脉均保持通畅 ,平均随访 9.4个月 ,临床效果优良。结论　采用球囊辅助瘤颈成形术治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤是安全、有效的方法     

电解可脱式微弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤

目的：探讨电解可脱式微弹簧圈(GDC)栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤的方法。方法：采用美国波士顿公司GDC栓塞治疗17例患者18个颅内动脉瘤，其中15例蛛网膜下腔出血患者，术前Hunt和Hess分级：I、Ⅱ级l0例；Ⅲ级3例；Ⅳ级2例。结果：13例痊愈，3例轻度短期神经功能障碍，1例死亡。结论：GDC栓塞是治疗颅内动脉瘤较为理想的方法之一。     

MR angiography in the follow-up of coiled cerebral aneurysms after treatment with Guglielmi detachable coils

Purpose: Intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (DSA) has been considered the gold standard examination in the follow-up of patients treated with Guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs). However, DSA is an invasive and expensive investigation and results in exposure to ionising radiation to both patient and operator. The aim of this study was to compare MR angiography (MRA) with DSA with regard to patency of the occlusion of aneurysms following GDC treatment.Material and Methods: We performed 75 MRA and DSA examinations on 51 patients treated with GDCs. The examinations were performed 3-36 months after embolisation and the interval between MRA and DSA was less than 1 week. Hard copies of both studies were interpreted retrospectively and independently for residual flow within the aneurysm, residual aneurysmal neck, and parent and branch vessel flow.Results: Patency status of parent and branch vessel flow was correctly identified with MRA in all patients except 1. The sensitivity of MRA in revealing residual flow within the aneurysm was 97%. The specificity in ruling out residual flow within the aneurysm was 91%.Conclusion: MRA may replace DSA in the long-term follow-up of coiled cerebral aneurysms. The initial follow-up examination should, however, include both modalities.     

MR angiography in the follow-up of intracranial aneurysms treated with Guglielmi detachable coils: systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction The aim of this study was to systematically review published data on the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) compared with digital subtraction angiography as reference standard in the follow-up of intracranial aneurysms treated with Guglielmi detachable coils. Methods A systematic search for relevant studies was performed of the PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase databases. Two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality of each study. A meta-analysis of the reported sensitivity and specificity of each study was performed. Results The inclusion criteria were met by 16 studies. The studies had moderate methodological quality. Pooled sensitivity and specificity of nonenhanced time-of-flight MRA (TOF-MRA) for the detection of residual flow (within the aneurysmal neck and/or coil mesh) were 83.3% (95% CI 70.3–91.3%) and 90.6% (95% CI 80.4–95.8%), respectively. Pooled sensitivity and specificity of contrast-enhanced MRA (CE-MRA) for the detection of residual flow were 86.8% (95% CI 71.4–94.5%) and 91.9% (95% CI 79.8–97.0%), respectively. All pooled estimates were subject to heterogeneity. There were no statistically significant differences in pooled sensitivity and specificity between TOF-MRA and CE-MRA. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that both TOF-MRA and CE-MRA achieve a moderate to high diagnostic performance. However, the findings should be interpreted with caution because the included studies were of moderate methodological quality and all pooled estimates were subject to heterogeneity. More well-designed studies are required to confirm the current results and MRA at higher field strength (>1.5 T) needs to be further explored.     

电解可脱弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤

目的：分析应用电解可脱卸弹簧圈(GDC)栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤的临床效果。方法：6例因蛛网膜下腔出血或其它神经系统症状入住我科的病人，经CT或(和)MR以及DSA检查证实为颅内动脉瘤，其中左侧后交通动脉3例，右侧后交通动脉1例，前交通动脉1例，C2段1例。瘤体直径在5．0-20．0mm之间。在神经安定 局麻下行动脉瘤栓塞术。先作载瘤动脉造影，明确动脉瘤的大小、形状、体／颈比以及与载瘤动脉的关系。再将微导管和微导丝塑型为相应的形状后经导引导管送至动脉瘤腔中部，选择合适的GDC进行填塞，直至致密填塞。结果：全部病人均一次性栓塞治疗成功，技术成功率为100％。栓塞后即刻行脑血管造影显示动脉瘤腔填塞满意，填充程度均在95％以上。全部病人均无再次出血和并发症产生。结论：GDC栓塞颅内动脉瘤是安全、有效和微创的治疗手段。     

Three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography for evaluation of intracranial aneurysms after endosaccular packing with Guglielmi detachable coils: comparison with 3D digital subtraction angiography

The sensitivities and specificities of three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography (3D-TOF MRA) and 3D digital subtraction angiography (3D-DSA) were compared for evaluation of cerebral aneurysms after endosaccular packing with Guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs). Thirty-three patients with 33 aneurysms were included in this prospective study. 3D-TOF MRA and 3D-DSA were performed in the same week on all patients. Maximal intensity projection (MIP) and 3D reconstructed MRA images were compared with 3D-DSA images. The diameters of residual/recurrent aneurysms detected on 3D-DSA were calculated on a workstation. In 3 (9%) of 33 aneurysms, 3D-TOF MRA did not provide reliable information due to significant susceptibility artifacts on MRA. The sensitivity and specificity rates of MRA were 72.7 and 90.9%, respectively, for the diagnosis of residual/recurrent aneurysm. The diameters of residual/recurrent aneurysms that could not be detected by MRA were significantly smaller than those of detected aneurysms (mean 1.1 vs mean 2.3 mm). In one aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery (ACoA), the relationship between the residual aneurysm and the ACoA was more evident on MRA than DSA images. MRA can detect the recurrent/residual lumen of aneurysms treated with GDCs of up to at least 1.8 mm in diameter. 3D-TOF MRA is useful for follow-up of intracranial aneurysms treated with GDCs, and could partly replace DSA.     

GDC血管内栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤

目的 探讨电解可脱性弹簧圈（GDC）血管内栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤的疗效和技术要点。方法 对31例动脉瘤患者应用微导管技术,通过数字减影全脑血管造影,采用GDC作动脉瘤囊内填塞治疗。结果 31例31枚动脉瘤中28枚瘤腔完全闭塞,3枚95％闭塞。术后30例临床痊愈;1例死亡;病死率3．2％。术中并发动脉瘤再破裂出血1例;术后弹簧圈末端逸出1例。术后随访0．5～3年均无再出血。结论 GDC血管内栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤疗效可靠,早期栓塞及有效的术后处理是提高治愈率的重要方法。