Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in one-anastomosis gastric bypass surgery: a matched-cohort study

Background

One-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is considered new from the bariatric standpoint.

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol in spine surgery

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols are a set of interventions which are carried out in the preoperative and perioperative period. They are aimed to decrease the harmful effects of surgery on the body and help the patient recover better post-surgery. The effectiveness of ERAS has been well established in various other surgical specialities. Earlier spine surgery was thought to be very complex for application of ERAS protocols. However, this has changed over the last decade with (ERAS) protocols gaining widespread popularity in spine surgery. Initial studies involving ERAS in spine surgery were limited to lumbar spine. However, over the years the horizon of ERAS has expanded to include anterior cervical surgeries, spine deformity, spinal tumors and spine surgery in the elderly. ERAS has been shown to reduce the length of hospital stay, overall hospital costs, opioid consumption in perioperative and postoperative period and to lower complication rates in spine surgery. In this narrative review, we discuss various aspects of ERAS in spine surgery including the benefits of ERAS in spine surgery, the various components of preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative measures of ERAS protocol.     

Deviation and failure of enhanced recovery after surgery following laparoscopic colorectal surgery: early prediction model

Aim Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programmes are well established, but deviation from the postoperative elements may result in delayed discharge. Early identification of such patients may allow remedial action to be taken. The aims of this study were to investigate factors associated with delayed discharge and to produce a predictive scoring system for ERAS failure. Method A retrospective review was carried out of case notes of patients who underwent elective laparoscopic colorectal resection and ERAS at Yeovil District Hospital between 2002 and 2009. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed and binary logistic regression was used to model a predictive scoring system. Results In all, 385 patient records were reviewed with a median length of stay of 6 days; 122 (31%) patients stayed longer than 1 week (delayed discharge) and 159 (41%) deviated in up to two postoperative ERAS factors. Patient demographic factors were not predictive of delayed discharge. Deviation from ERAS factors at the end of the first postoperative day, including continued intravenous fluid infusion, lack of functioning epidural, inability to mobilize, vomiting requiring nasogastric tube insertion and re‐insertion of urinary catheter, were strongly associated with delayed discharge. A five‐element predictive scoring system for ERAS failure and delayed discharge was formulated. Conclusion Enhanced recovery failure and delayed discharge after laparoscopic colorectal surgery can be predicted by the early deviation from postoperative factors of an ERAS programme.     

加速康复外科理念在胆管空肠Roux－en－Y吻合术中的疗效分析

目的将加速康复外科理念(ERAS)运用于胆管空肠Roux－en－Y吻合术(CDJ)围术期管理,评价其安全性及可行性。 方法回顾性分析2015年5月至2019年5月83例接受CDJ治疗的良性疾病患者资料。其中37例接受传统理念治疗(传统组);46例患者采用ERAS理念治疗(ERAS组)。运用SPSS 19.0软件进行分析。术中术后各项指标、VAS疼痛评分以( ± s)表示,采用独立t检验;术后并发症比较采用χ²检验,Fisher确切概率法进行校正,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果ERAS组患者在术后各时间段VAS评分、肛门排气时间、下床活动时间、住院时间、住院费用、患者满意度评分等均优于传统组(P<0.05);ERAS组患者总并发生发生率(8.7%)明显低于传统组(27.0%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论将ERAS理念应用于CDJ中,有效减轻患者术后疼痛,确保术后快速康复,同时减少患者住院期间的医疗费用,提高了患者对诊疗过程的满意度。     

加速康复外科方案在青少年特发性脊柱侧凸围手术期的应用实践

目的:探讨加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)方案在青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(adolescent idiopathic scoliosis,AIS)矫形围手术期临床应用的效果。方法:回顾性分析2010年9月～2016年8月在我院骨科接受矫形手术的AIS患者(未进行三柱截骨)91例,其中应用常规围手术期方案(对照组)51例;围手术期应用ERAS方案(ERAS组)40例,观察并记录两组患者年龄、性别、体质指数(body mass index,BMI)、术前血红蛋白、麻醉风险分级、侧凸分型(Lenke)、术前冠状位Cobb角、手术时间、融合节段、椎弓根螺钉置入数量、冠状面矫形率、出血量、输同种异体血比例、术后血红蛋白、术后疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、引流量、引流管移除时间、术后住院日、患者满意度、术后并发症。组间数据采用独立样本t检验比较连续变量,采用卡方检验或Fisher′s精确检验比较分类变量。结果:两组患者年龄、性别、BMI、术前血红蛋白、麻醉风险分级、侧凸分型与术前冠状位Cobb角无统计学差...     

加速康复外科策略与常规策略在腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术中的效价比较

目的探讨基于多模式镇痛的加速康复外科（ERAS）理念应用于腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术中的优势。 方法回顾性分析2017年1月至12月我院同一组手术医师行腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术患者围术期的相关资料,ERAS组患者11例,常规策略组患者24例。 结果两组患者年龄,ASA分级及心功能分级差异无统计学意义。ERAS组患者较常规治疗组术中补液量降低[（7.2±2.2）ml vs（10.7±3.8）ml/kg/h,P=0.009],术后住院时间明显减少[（7.5±2.8）d vs（10.3±2.8）d,P=0.008],术后首次排气时间缩短[（1.4±0.9）d vs（2.4±0.9）d,P=0.018]。ERAS组住院总费用及麻醉费用均较对照组增加[（75 129±21 217）元vs（55 201±19 109）元,P=0.009;（5 537±4 430） 元vs（3 121±726）元,P=0.01],而在总住院时间、麻醉费用所占住院总费用比例方面,两组差异无统计学意义。 结论在腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术中应用ERAS理念下多模式镇痛,可以加速患者胃肠道功能恢复,缩短术后住院时间,不增加围术期并发症的发生率。     

Positive effects of the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol in DIEP flap breast reconstruction

BackgroundEnhanced recovery after surgery protocols are successfully implemented in different surgical specialties, but a specific protocol for autologous breast reconstruction is missing. The aim of this study was to determine whether an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol contributes to a reduced length of stay without an increase in postoperative complications for patients undergoing a DIEP flap breast reconstruction.Materials en methodsThe effect of the ERAS protocol was examined using a single-center patient-control study comparing two groups of patients. Patients who underwent surgery between November 2017 and November 2018 using the ERAS protocol were compared with a historical control group (pre-ERAS) who underwent surgery between November 2016 and November 2017. The primary outcome measure was hospital length of stay. Secondary outcome measures were postoperative pain and postoperative complications.Results152 patients were included (ERAS group, n = 73; control group, n = 79). Mean hospital length of stay was significantly shorter in the ERAS group than in the control group (5 vs. 6 days, p < 0.001). The average pain score was 1.73 in de the ERAS group compared to 2.17 in the control group (p = 0.032). There were no significant differences between the groups in postoperative complications. The ERAS group experienced less constipation (41 vs. 25 patients, p = 0.028).ConclusionAn enhanced recovery after surgery protocol contributes an accelerated postoperative recovery of patients undergoing a DIEP flap breast reconstruction. In this study a significant decrease was found in hospital length of stay, patient-reported pain score and adverse health issues.     

加速康复外科理念在肝胆管结石手术治疗中应用的前瞻性随机对照研究

目的探讨加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)理念应用于肝胆管结石手术治疗的安全性与有效性。方法将2014年1月至2015年10月来我院肝胆科行开腹手术治疗的肝胆管结石患者80例随机分为两组:ERAS组40例,应用ERAS理念进行围手术期处理;对照组40例,按传统方法进行围手术期处理。比较两组患者术后疼痛评分、首次下床活动时间、恢复肛门排气时间、住院天数、住院费用及两组术后并发症发生情况等。结果共73例患者完成试验,其中ERAS组36例,对照组37例。ERAS组患者术后疼痛评分、首次下床活动时间、恢复肛门排气时间、住院天数、住院费用均明显优于对照组(P0.05);术后并发症两组无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论 ERAS理念应用于肝胆管结石手术患者安全、有效,可加速患者的康复。     

手术后加速康复的历史启示与现实思考

近年来,手术后加速康复(ERAS)受到外科领域的关注。ERAS是患者围术期处理的新模式,其更加关注患者自身对医疗的感受,而不同于以往完全由医疗实施者主导的医疗模式。因此,ERAS更加人性化,更加合理。在保证医疗安全的前提下,ERAS通过一系列措施,特别是循证医学手段优化围术期管理,促进患者康复,并伴有一定的经济和社会效益。笔者系统回顾ERAS的发展历史,对ERAS的由来和历程有了更清楚的认识,并追溯20世纪60年代我国外科学界提出的"两减一保"和"革除两管一禁"的围术期处理模式变革。医学前辈们当年追求的目标和具体措施与现今ERAS惊人的相似,堪称"ERAS的启蒙者"。在ERAS广泛开展的今天,人们应该客观地评价ERAS这一新医疗模式,建立一个以患者为核心的医疗体系,从学术的角度推进ERAS的发展,实现"没有危险和疼痛手术"的最终目标。     

促进术后恢复综合方案在结直肠癌根治术患者中的应用

目的评价围手术期应用促进术后恢复综合方案（ERAS）对结直肠癌根治术患者术后恢复的促进作用。方法2007年7月至2010年5月间复旦大学附属中山医院普通外科结直肠专业组收治的597例结直肠癌根治术患者被前瞻性纳入研究．按随机数字表法分为ERAS组（299例）和对照组（298例）。ERAS组患者围手术期采用ERAS方案,包括一系列被证明有效的围手术期处理措施,而对照组患者围手术期采用传统方案。记录两组患者的营养代谢指标、应激指标及临床恢复指标。结果两组患者一般资料和手术方式的差异均无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。ERAS组患者术后营养代谢指标（白蛋白、前白蛋白及转铁蛋白）均优于对照组（均P〈0．05）。ERAS组患者术后第1天胰岛素抵抗指数低于对照组患者（3．31±2．92比6．58±3．86,P〈0．01）。对照组患者术后第1天和第5天皮质醇水平均较术前显著升高（均P〈0．01）,而ERAS组患者直至术后第5天才较术前升高（P〈0．01）。ERAS组患者术后住院时间[（5．7±1．6）d比（6．6±2．4）d,P〈0．01]和住院费用[（15998±2655）元比（17763±3059）元,P〈0．01]均少于对照组患者;两组患者术后并发症发生率的差异无统计学意义[9．7％（29／299）比9．4％（28／298）,P〉0．05]。结论ERAS方案可减轻手术应激,加快术后恢复。且不增加术后并发症的发生。     

Long versus short biliopancreatic limb in Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: short-term results of a randomized clinical trial

BackgroundThe Roux-en-Y gastric bypass continues to be one of the most performed bariatric surgeries because of its adequate balance of outcomes, complications, and durability. Recently, the role of the biliopancreatic limb on weight loss and co-morbidity control has gained attention because it seems to have a positive impact based on limb length.ObjectiveTo compare results at 12 months of a “standard” (group 1) versus a long (group 2) biliopancreatic limb bypass. Biliopancreatic limbs were 50 cm and 200 cm, and alimentary limbs were 150 cm and 50 cm, respectively.SettingAcademic Referal Center; Mexico City; Public Seeting.MethodsRandomized study with patients undergoing both types of surgeries at a single academic center from 2016 to 2018. The analysis included weight loss, co-morbidity control (diabetes and hypertension), biochemical panel, operative outcomes, and complications.ResultsTwo-hundred ten patients were included (105 in each group). Almost all data were homogenous at baseline. Female sex comprised 86.1% of cases, with a mean body mass index of 43.5 kg/m². Excess weight loss (77.6 ± 15.7% versus 83.6 ± 16.7%; P = .011) and total weight loss (33.5 ± 6.4% versus 37.1 ± 7.1%; P < .001) was higher in group 2; better HbA1C levels were also observed. Co-morbidity outcomes, operative data, and complications were similar between groups.ConclusionThe Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with 200 cm of biliopancreatic limb length induces more weight loss at 12 months than a 50 cm limb length. Better HbA1C levels were also observed, but similar effects on co-morbidities and complications were noted.     

Early intake of solid food after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and complications. A cohort study from the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry

Background

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is the most common bariatric procedure worldwide. There are few studies investigating how early return to solid food affects complications.

A comparison of open and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery for morbid and super obesity: a decision-analysis model

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LGBP) with open Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (OGBP) to determine which approach resulted in better clinical outcomes and cost effectiveness in patients with morbid obesity. METHODS: A decision-analysis model was constructed to evaluate outcomes of LGBP versus OGBP in patients with body mass index (BMI) ranges of 35 to 49, 50 to 60, and greater than 60. Baseline assumptions for the model were derived from published reports. Sensitivity and cost-effectiveness analyses were performed to determine the optimal strategy. Success was defined as no major procedure-related complications and no long-term complications over a 1-year period after surgery. Failure of therapy was defined as either recurrent symptoms or death attributed to a surgical complication. RESULTS: In patients with a BMI of 35 to 49, LGBP failed in 14% and OGBP failed in 18% of patients, favoring LGBP alone as the dominant strategy. Mortality in the OGBP group was 1.3 times that of the LGBP group. For a BMI of 50 to 60, LGBP was dominant with an overall success rate of 82% as compared with OGBP (77%). Mortality in the OGBP group was 1.3 times that of the LGBP group. For a BMI of greater than 60, LGBP was the dominant strategy with an overall success rate of 67% compared with OGBP (63%). Sensitivity and cost-effective analysis showed that LGBP was the dominant strategy in terms of greater success and less overall morbidity and mortality for all 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis suggests that for all BMI ranges evaluated, LGBP is preferable to OGBP. These conclusions are limited by potential selection and publication bias in the trials assessed for this analysis. These limitations can be resolved only by randomized control trials.     

加速康复外科在妇科腔镜手术中的应用体会

目的:探讨加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)策略用于妇科腔镜手术中的安全性与有效性。方法:将拟行腹腔镜妇科手术的200例患者随机分为ERAS组与对照组。ERAS组围手术期采用ERAS策略处理,对照组采用传统围手术期方案处理。术后2 h、6 h、12 h、24 h采用视觉模拟评分法观察两组患者疼痛程度,对比分析两组术后肛门首次排气时间、术后恶心呕吐发生率、术后住院时间、住院总花费及其他并发症发生情况。结果:与对照组相比,ERAS组术后2 h、6 h、12 h疼痛评分及术后恶心呕吐发生率明显降低(P0.05);术后肛门首次排气时间缩短(P0.05);术后住院时间、住院总费用减少(P0.05)。两组患者术后其他并发症发生率差异无统计学意义。结论:ERAS策略可安全地用于妇科腔镜手术,能有效促进术后恢复、缩短住院时间、降低医疗费用。     

加速康复外科在腹腔镜胰十二指肠切除术中的应用

目的探讨加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery, ERAS)在腹腔镜胰十二指肠切除术(laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy,LPD)围手术期中的临床价值及方法。 方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2021年6月期间,河北医科大学第二医院肝胆外科收治的行LPD患者的临床资料,其中常规理念组(对照组)255例、以ERAS理念为指导的试验组(ERAS组)276例。观察比较两组的术后恢复情况。 结果ERAS组与对照组一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。全部病例均顺利完成手术,手术时间[(354.89±93.02)min比(362.90±95.62)min]及术中出血量[300 ml(100,500)ml比300 ml(200,500)ml]比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。相较于对照组,ERAS组术后首次肛门排气时间[(2.61±0.62)d比(2.76±0.72)d,P<0.05]、胃管拔除时间[(3.07±0.82)d比(3.52±0.66)d,P<0.001] 、腹腔引流管拔除时间[(2.77±1.08)d比(5.58±2.14 )d,P<0.001]更早;术后疼痛视觉模拟评分[(3.31±1.07)分比(4.90±2.00)分,P<0.001]更低;胃排空障碍[4.3%(12/276)比8.6%(22/255),P<0.05]、术后腹腔感染[1.4%(4/276)比4.3%(11/255),P<0.05]、术后肺部感染[0.7%(2/276)比3.9%(10/255),P<0.05]发生率更低;术后住院时间[(15.36±3.26)d比(17.90±5.66)d,P<0.001]更短;住院费用[124 153.00元(112 437.75,136 604.50)元比133 604.00元(115 086.00,150 758.00)元,P<0.05]更少。两组其他观察指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论在熟练掌握LPD的基础上,围手术期实施ERAS安全、有效,能够有效促进LPD患者术后康复,缩短住院时间,减少住院费用。     

21例颈椎前路手术的加速康复外科理念应用体会

目的 探索加速康复围手术期管理方法在颈椎前路手术中的作用。方法 回顾分析2019年7月至2021年6月我科收治的42例颈椎病患者,其中加速康复组和传统组各21例,比较两组患者围手术期资料（手术时间、出血量、引流放置时间、离床活动时间、术后住院时间）、临床疗效、吞咽功能。结果 两组基线资料差异无明显统计学意义（P>0.05）。在围手术期资料方面,加速康复组手术时间、术中出血量与传统组无明显差异（P>0.05）,而引流管放置时间、术后离床活动时间、术后住院时间均较传统组短（P<0.05）。在临床疗效方面,两组术后1天、1月、6月VAS评分及术后1月、6月JOA评分均较术前明显改善（P<0.05）,加速康复组术后1天VAS评分优于传统组（P<0.05）,其余时点及VAS评分、JOA评分两组间无明显统计学差异（P>0.05）。在吞咽功能评分方面,加速康复组在术后1天、术后1月轻度及以下吞咽困难比例较传统组高,中度吞咽困难患者比例较低（P<0.05）,而术后6月两组吞咽困难评分差异无明显统计学意义（P>0.05）。在术后并发症方面,加速康复组出现1例皮肤浅层感染,2例尿潴留,传统组出现1例肺部感染,经过保守治疗后好转,无再次手术患者,无其他重大并发症。结论 加速康复理念运用于颈椎前路手术中,可改善围手术期疗效,缩短住院时间,有利于提高患者手术体验。     

Cardiac fat pat change after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cardiac fat pad is a metabolically active organ that plays a role in energy homeostasis and cardiovascular diseases and generates inflammatory cytokines. Many studies have shown remarkable associations between cardiac fat thickness and cardiovascular diseases, making it a valuable target for interventions. Our meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of the 2 most popular bariatric surgeries (sleeve gastrectomy [SG] and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass [RYGB]) in cardiac fat pad reduction. A systematic review of the literature was done by searching in Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and PubMed for articles published by September 16, 2022. This review followed the meta-analysis rules based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria out of 128 potentially useful studies, including a total number of 822 patients. The results of subgroup analysis on the type of surgery showed that bariatric surgeries decreased the mean fat pad diameter, but the reduction was greater in SG than in RYGB. Epicardial and pericardial fat type showed a significant decrease of fat pad diameter. The results of subgroup analysis indicated RYGB had a significant reduction in mean fat pad volume. Computed tomography scan and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging showed a significant reduction of the mean cardiac fat pad volume. Epicardial and paracardial fat type showed a significant decrease in volume. The cardiac fat pad diameter and volume were significantly reduced after bariatric surgeries. SG showed greater reduction in fat pad diameter in comparison with RYGB, and RYGB had a significant reduction in mean fat pad volume.     

A systematic review of patient reported outcomes and patient experience in enhanced recovery after orthopaedic surgery

Introduction

Orthopaedic enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) providers are encouraged to estimate the actual benefit of ERAS according to the patient’s opinion by using patient generated data alongside traditional measures such as length of stay. The aim of this paper was to systemically review the literature on the use of patient generated information in orthopaedic ERAS across the whole perioperative pathway.

Methods

Publications were identified using Embase^™, MEDLINE^®, AMED, CINAHL^® (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), the Cochrane Library and the British Nursing Index. Search terms related to experiences, acceptance, satisfaction or perception of ERAS and quality of life (QoL).

Findings

Of the 596 abstracts found, 8 papers were identified that met the inclusion criteria. A total of 2,208 patients undergoing elective hip and knee arthroplasty were included. Patient satisfaction was reported in 6 papers. Scores were high in all patients and not adversely affected by length of stay. QoL was reported in 2 papers and showed that QoL scores continued to increase up to 12 months following ERAS. Qualitative methods were used in one study, which highlighted problems with support following discharge. There is a paucity of data reporting on patient experience in orthopaedic ERAS. However, ERAS does not compromise patient satisfaction or QoL after elective hip or knee surgery. The measurement of patient experience should be standardised with further research.     

Influences on length of stay in an enhanced recovery programme after colonic surgery

Aim Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programmes have been shown to accelerate and enhance functional recovery after colonic surgery. We analysed prospectively collected data to investigate potentially modifiable factors that may influence the length of stay (LOS) in the ERAS setting at a single institution. Method Between October 2005 and November 2008, prospective data were collected on consecutive patients who underwent elective colonic surgery without a stoma. Patients with rectal cancer, those unable to participate in preoperative ERAS components because of their inability to communicate effectively in English, those with cognitive impairment and those with an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade of ≥4 were excluded. Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann–Whitney U‐test and Cox regression modelling. Results A total of 100 (79 malignancies) patients underwent elective colon resection during the study period. There were 57 right‐sided, 41 left‐sided and two total colectomies. The median age of the patients was 67.5 (range 31–92) years and the median day stay was 4 (range 3–46) days. Factors with significant correlations for reduced LOS were female gender, the surgeon, operative severity, high‐dependency unit (HDU) admission and incision type favouring laparoscopic and transverse approaches. Age, operation site, indication for surgery and body mass index were not significant predictors of hospital stay. Gender, operative severity, HDU admission and surgeon did not have any independent correlation with LOS; in contrast to the ASA score and the type of incision, which did. Conclusion Lower ASA score, transverse incision laparotomy and laparoscopy correlated independently with reduced postoperative LOS within the ERAS setting.