自发性脊髓硬膜外和硬膜下血肿

目的 探讨自发性脊髓硬膜外血肿（SSEH)及硬膜下血肿(SSSH)的病因、临床特点、诊治方法及预后相关因素。方法 自1995～2002年收治的4例SSEH及2例SSSH患者．均在静息或轻微活动后发病，发病前均无感染或服药史，其中1例63岁患者诉有高血压病史．1例65岁患者入院检查后发现患有Ⅱ型精尿病．余均否认患有其他疾病。所有患者均表现为突发性的颈、肩、胸、背部疼痛，数分钟到数小时内出现肢体运动、感觉障碍、大小便障碍及潴留，5例患者有抻经根放射痛症状．有3例行腰穿，压力无明显增高．均行手术治疗．手术距发病时间10～16d．平均12.5d，手术均在局麻下进行．4例SSEH患者行患部全椎板切除血肿清除术．2例SSSH患者行全椎板切除并硬静膜切开血肿清除，硬脊膜修补术。结果 均经MR检查、手术及病理证实。MRI显示椎管后方或后外方占位性病变，T1加权能特征性地反映血肿随时间发生的信号变化而最有价值．T22加权可很好地判断血肿的位置，患者预后与术前的神经功能状态及发病至手术的时间密切相关，本组患者随访6～18个月，平均10个月．6例患者除大、小便功能有不同程度的改善外．5例患者肢体的运动、感觉功能无明显恢复，1例SSSH患者感觉消失平面下降，右上肢肌力较前增强，结论 自发性脊髓硬膜外及硬膜下血肿是一种少见病，MRI是其首选的检查方法，应当注意的是早期诊断并及时手术是治疗SSEH和SSSH．防止永久性神经功能障碍的关健。     

自发性椎管内硬膜外血肿的临床研究进展

自发性椎管内硬膜外血肿（spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma,SSEH）是一种病因不明,以颈肩部或背部疼痛急性发作,伴进行性神经根或脊髓受压为特征的疾病,临床上较为少见,国外统计发病率约为0．1/100 000[1],临床工作中极易误诊漏诊[2],特别是急性自发性椎管内硬膜外血肿若处理不及时将导致神经功能不可逆性损害,甚至造成患者截瘫或死亡。作者就此病的病因、临床表现、诊断治疗及其研究进展综述如下。     

急性自发性椎管内硬膜外血肿的诊治

目的：探讨急性自发性椎管内硬膜外血肿的手术时机与治疗效果的关系。方法：比较不同时机手术的2例病人的临床疗效。结果：早期椎板切除减压手术治疗，临床效果满意。而延误手术时机，则难山恢复，结论：手术时机的早晚，直接决定该病的治疗效果。     

创伤性椎管内硬膜外血肿病人的监护

椎管内硬膜外血肿临床少见 ,特别是医源性椎管内硬膜外血肿 ,更为少见。我院自 1988年至 2 0 0 0年共收治经手术证实的椎管内硬膜外血肿 3例 ,本组资料表明准确的病情观察对早期诊断和及时手术治疗起到非常重要作用 ,现报告如下。临床资料例 1:男 ,5 3岁。因急性坏死性胰腺炎行 T9～ 10 间隙硬膜外麻醉穿刺术 ,手术后 36 h出现胸背部疼痛 ,腹股沟以下皮肤感觉减退 ,双下肢肌力 级 ,肌张力增高 ,尿潴留。病理反射阴性。 CT提示 T8～ 11椎管内硬膜外血肿 ,脊髓压迫。即行椎管探查血肿清除术。见 T8～ 11节段椎管内血肿。术后随访 1年 ,患者…     

自发性椎管内硬膜外、硬膜下血肿的诊断和治疗

探讨比较自发性硬脊膜外、硬膜下血肿的出血原因、临床表现、影像特征及治疗预后。结合相关文献,回顾性分析7例自发性硬脊膜外血肿和1例自发性硬膜下血肿的流行病学、发病机制、部位,临床特征、神经功能状态,以及手术,保守治疗和预后。结果有6例患者手术治疗,1例痊愈,2例保守治疗,1例痊愈。自发性硬脊膜外,硬膜下血肿多急性起病,硬脊膜外较硬膜下血肿更为常见,且MRI显示椎管内占位影较CT明显。MRI检查是诊断本病最佳方法。手术减压是改善预后的主要方法。起病到治疗的时间间隔越短预后越好。     

急性自发性椎管内硬膜外血肿的临床特征及治疗

目的:总结急性自发性椎管内硬膜外血肿(acute spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma,ASSEH)的临床和影像学特征,探讨其治疗方法及预后.方法:收集我院2005年1月～2020年12月收治的27例ASSEH患者的临床和影像学资料,回顾性分析病因、临床表现、影像学特征、治疗过程、手...     

经皮椎体后凸成形术后自发性椎管内硬膜下血肿导致截瘫1例

随着老龄化社会的发展,骨质疏松性骨折的发生率逐渐提高,最常见的是椎体压缩骨折,好发于下胸椎及腰椎.椎体压缩骨折目前主要采用椎体成形术治疗,具有创伤小、疼痛缓解迅速、并发症少等优点[1].椎体成形术具有着良好的止痛效果,微创手术使患者住院时间明显缩短,显著提高患者生活质量[2],但也存在并发症发生的风险[3].笔者于20...     

自发性椎管内硬膜外血肿5例的诊疗体会

[目的]探讨自发性椎管内硬膜外血肿的临床表现及诊治过程。[方法]回顾性调查2014年9月～2017年4月共5例诊断为自发性椎管内硬膜外血肿在本院脊柱骨科住院治疗的患者。记录患者的流行病学资料、临床特征、实验室检查、影像学表现及治疗方法,评价治疗效果与预后。[结果] 5例患者中男性2例,女性3例,平均年龄(69.82±10.74)岁,自发性血肿发生的部位:颈段1例,胸段以及胸腰段4例。ASIA分级:3例A级,1例C级,1例D级。按血肿MRI分期:超急性期1例,亚急性早期1例,亚急性晚期3例。3例行椎板减压血肿清除术,2例行保守治疗。所有患者经至少1年以上随访。末次随访时ASIA评分:A级1例,B级1例,E级3例。[结论]自发性椎管内硬膜外血肿应及早做出诊断和治疗,防止延误治疗的最佳时机。     

Spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma with spontaneous resolution

STUDY DESIGN: Single patient case report. OBJECTIVES: To present and discuss a case of spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma that was not associated with coagulation abnormality. SETTING: Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. METHODS: Clinical and radiological magnetic resonance imaging follow-up of the patient between August 1997 and December 1998. RESULTS: The hematoma was initially extensive, ranging from T5 to L3. However, it resolved spontaneously with the subsequent development of an adhesive arachnoid cyst. CONCLUSION: Even though urgent surgical decompression is necessary in most cases of spinal subdural hematoma, conservative management could be an option in cases with rapid resolution of the neurological deficit.     

Spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma. Case report

A case of spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma is presented. Contrarily to the three cases previously reported, this patient didn't suffer a sudden onset with transient thoracic pain. Important neurological recovery followed surgical evacuation. The physiopathology of this entity and the myelographic findings in spinal subdural masses are briefly discussed.     

自发性脊柱硬膜下血肿1例报告

脊柱硬膜下血肿（SSDH）是一种罕见且危险的椎管内血肿，可表现为神经根痛、截瘫、自主神经功能障碍等脊髓横贯性损伤，极少数表现为单侧病变。好发于胸椎，腰椎少见。2021年4月5日，本院收治1例自发性SSDH患者，疗效满意，现报告如下。     

Spontaneous thoracic spinal subdural hematoma associated with fibromuscular dysplasia

Spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma (SDH) is an uncommon cause of acute spinal cord compression. When it does occur, however, it may have disastrous results and a poor prognosis. The nontraumatic acute spinal SDH usually results from a defect in a hemostatic mechanism (such as coagulopathy or the use of anticoagulant therapy) or from iatrogenic causes (such as spinal puncture). Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a nonatherosclerotic systemic arteriopathy of unknown cause that typically affects the small and medium arteries in young to middle-aged women. The authors report on their experience with a patient with an acute spontaneous spinal SDH that occurred in conjunction with FMD.     

Spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma associated with low-molecular-weight heparin. Case report

Spinal subdural hematomas (SDHs) are a rare cause of cord compression and typically occur in the setting of spinal instrumentation or coagulopathy. The authors report the first case of a spontaneous spinal SDH occurring in conjunction with low-molecular-weight heparin use in a patient with a history of spinal radiotherapy.     

Spontaneous spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage and subdural hematoma. Report of two cases

Two patients with spontaneous spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage are presented to emphasize the clinical and radiological features of this uncommon illness. Both had severe back pain at the onset. One patient had a subdural hematoma that compressed the conus medullaris and cauda equina, and was drained percutaneously; the other had clots in the subarachnoid space. The cerebrospinal fluid showed a polymorphonuclear pleocytosis that simulated septic meningitis. Complete spinal angiography failed to reveal a cause for the hemorrhages.