腺病毒介导的ING4基因抑制胃癌细胞生长及其分子机制

目的:研究肿瘤生长抑制基因4(inhibitor of growth family4,ING4)体外对胃癌细胞SGC-7901的生长抑制及其分子机制。方法:将携带有人ING4基因的重组复制缺陷型腺病毒(Ad-hING4)感染胃癌细胞SGC-7901,RT-PCR法检测腺病毒介导的外源性hING4基因的转录,MTT法检测hING4基因对SGC-7901细胞的生长抑制作用,激光扫描共聚焦显微镜(LSCM)观察hING4基因诱导SGC-7901细胞凋亡的形态学改变,流式细胞仪(FACS)检测hING-4基因诱导胃癌细胞SGC-7901的凋亡率及细胞周期改变,免疫细胞化学分析凋亡相关因子bcl-2和bax的改变。结果:Ad-hING4感染SGC-7901细胞后,RT-PCR结果提示有hING4目的基因的转录,该基因表达可以显著抑制SGC-7901细胞的生长,诱导S期减少、G2/M期阻滞和凋亡,hING4基因能使SGC-7901细胞中bcl-2的表达下调和bax的表达上调。结论:重组腺病毒Ad-hING4对胃癌细胞SGC-7901具有显著的生长抑制及凋亡诱导作用,其作用机制可能与下调bcl-2基因和上调bax基因的表达有关。     

PCDNA3/p33ING1、wt-p53转染对胃癌细胞株SGC-7901生长抑制及凋亡的影响

目的 研究p33^ING1基因与p53基因间的协同功能对胃癌细胞生长抑制和细胞凋亡的影响。方法 构建PCD—NA3／p33^ING1真核表达质粒（正义，反义）与wt—p53质粒，将其单、共转染至胃癌细胞株SGC-7901；应用流式细胞仪检测细胞生长周期曲线比例；TUNEL法、MG-P-MY法染色观察SGC-7901的凋亡情况。结果 p33^ING1单转染和wt-p53共转染的SGC-7901胃癌细胞株较反义组和转染空载体组细胞生长速度减慢。细胞周期G0／G1期延长，S期变短（P〈0．05），细胞调亡数增加（P〈0．05）。结论 p33 ING1具有抑癌功能及生物活性．与p53基因共同抑制胃癌细胞的生长，诱导细胞的凋亡，使细胞周期阻滞。二者呈协同依赖关系。     

TSA对食管癌细胞系EC9706细胞周期作用及分子机制的探讨

目的 研究去乙酰化酶抑制剂曲古菌素A(TSA)对食管癌细胞 EC9706细胞周期的作用及机制.方法 将浓度为0.5、1.0、1.5 μmol/L TSA作用EC9706细胞24 h,用MTT观察不同浓度 TSA 对 EC9706细胞的生长抑制作用;流式细胞仪检测细胞生长及周期;Western Blot检测TSA对食管癌细胞周期相关基因的表达.结果 1.0 μmol/L 浓度的TSA 对EC9706 细胞有明显的生长抑制作用,并呈现一定的量效关系,在1.0 μmol/L浓度之上可明显诱导食管癌细胞EC9706细胞周期阻滞,明显增强p21、p27基因的表达,明显降低 CCND1、CDK4D基因的表达.结论 一定剂量的TSA可抑制食管癌EC9706细胞的生长,通过调控多个细胞周期相关基因诱导食管癌细胞细胞周期阻滞,细胞阻滞的发生与p21、p27基因表达的增加及CCND1、CDK4D基因表达的减少相关.     

曲古菌素A对人胃癌SGC-7901细胞凋亡及其DAPK1基因表达的影响

目的探讨曲古菌素A（TSA）体外抑制人胃癌SGC-7901细胞凋亡及其DAPKl基因表达的影响。方法体外培养的胃癌细胞以不同浓度的TSA（37．5、150、600ng／ml）处理后,Annexin V／PI检测细胞凋亡率,RT—PCR、Western Blot分别检测DAPK1 mRNA和蛋白表达水平。结果不同浓度TSA可显著诱导SGC-7901细胞凋亡,并呈浓度及时间依赖性（P〈0．05）,TSA干预前SGC-7901细胞DAPK1 mRNA和蛋白表达水平低,不同浓度TSA处理SGC-7901细胞后DAPK1 mRNA和蛋白表达水平明显上调,呈浓度及时问依赖性（P〈0．05）。结论TSA诱导SGC-7901细胞凋亡可能与DAPK1基因低乙酰化状态逆转有关。     

芦荟大黄素抑制胃癌细胞生长与细胞周期阻滞的关系

目的 探讨芦荟大黄素抑制胃癌细胞生长与细胞周期阻滞的关系.方法 人胃癌SGC-7901细胞用2.5、5、10、20、40 μmol/L芦荟大黄素处理1～5 d.分别用MTT方法和流式细胞术检测细胞增殖情况和细胞周期的变化,然后用Western blotting方法检测细胞周期相关调控蛋白周期蛋白(cyclin)和周期蛋白依赖性激酶(cyclindependent kinase,CDK)的变化.结果 芦荟大黄素以剂量依赖方法抑制胃癌细胞的生长;芦荟大黄素引起细胞阻滞在G2/M期;其分子机制为引起cyclin A和CDK2的表达水平下降、cyclinBl和CDKl的表达水平上升.结论 芦荟大黄素抑制胃癌细胞生长的机制之一是阻滞细胞周期,说明芦荟大黄素在胃癌治疗方面有潜在的临床价值.     

双氢青蒿素促胃癌细胞凋亡的作用

目的 研究双氢青蒿素(dihydroartemisinin,DHA)对人胃癌细胞(SGC-7901、HGC-27)生长抑制和促凋亡的作用.方法 用WST-1方法检测DHA处理后的胃癌细胞增殖情况,流式细胞术检测细胞周期和凋亡情况,细胞划痕实验检测细胞的迁移能力.结果 不同浓度的DHA可以抑制胃癌细胞(SGC-7901、HGC-27)的增殖,且呈现浓度依赖性增长趋势.DHA作用48 h后,胃癌细胞的周期阻滞在S期,同时有诱导胃癌细胞凋亡的作用;DHA作用24 h和48 h后,对胃癌细胞的迁移能力有抑制作用.结论 DHA可有效地抑制胃癌细胞的增殖,并促进其凋亡.     

姜黄素对胃癌细胞放疗增敏作用的研究

目的:探讨姜黄素对胃癌细胞株SGC-7901放疗敏感性的影响。方法:以人胃癌细胞株SGC-7901为研究对象,所有实验均重复3次,取其均值为最终结果。将细胞随机分成空白对照组、单纯药物组、单纯照射组、姜黄素加照射组,MTT法检测姜黄素药物毒性;流式细胞仪检测姜黄素对胃癌细胞株SGC-7901的凋亡率和细胞周期分布的影响。结果:姜黄素能够抑制胃癌细胞株SGC-7901的增殖,这种作用具有明显的量效关系;姜黄素能够诱导胃癌细胞株SGC-7901的凋亡,且随着药物浓度的增加,凋亡率升高;单纯药物组和姜黄素加照射组G2/M期细胞的比例明显升高。结论:低剂量姜黄素可显著提高胃癌细胞株SGC-7901的放疗敏感性,其作用机制可能与周期阻滞及其凋亡诱导效应相关。     

miR-92b对胃癌细胞周期和凋亡的影响

目的观察miR-92b对胃癌细胞周期和凋亡的影响。方法在胃癌SGC-7901细胞中瞬时转染化学修饰的microRNA抑制物,抑制miR-92b的表达。采用流式细胞术检测细胞周期和凋亡变化,并在荧光显微镜下观察细胞形态,western blot检测Bcl-2和p53的变化。结果抑制miR-92b表达后,细胞周期延缓,凋亡细胞比率增加,细胞核皱缩,Bcl-2和p53表达下调。结论 miR-92b在胃癌发展过程中推动细胞通过周期限制点,加速细胞生长,并可能通过抑制线粒体凋亡途径促进胃癌细胞增殖。     

曲古霉素A体外诱导膀胱癌细胞凋亡及细胞周期阻滞的机制探讨

目的:观察组蛋白去乙酰化酶(HDAC)抑制剂曲古霉素A(TSA)对体外培养膀胱癌细胞生长情况及相关基因表达的影响,并探讨其可能的作用机制.方法:MTT法检测不同浓度(0.05、0.1、0.2、0.4、0.8 μmol/L)的TSA对人膀胱癌T24细胞生长的影响.透射电镜观察TSA(0.4 μmol/L) 诱导后膀胱癌细胞的形态学变化;流式细胞术检测处理后膀胱癌细胞周期分布及凋亡率的变化;Western 印迹法检测处理后膀胱癌细胞组蛋白乙酰化水平的变化;FQ-PCR检测处理后膀胱癌细胞p21CIP1/WAF1、cyclin A和cyclin E mRNA的表达.结果:TSA体外能明显抑制T24细胞生长,且抑制作用呈明显的剂量、时间依赖性.TSA(0.4 μmol/L)诱导后,透射电镜下可见大量具有凋亡形态特征的T24细胞;流式细胞术检测示细胞阻滞于G0/G1期,并且出现典型的亚二倍体(Sub-G1)峰;TSA可明显提高组蛋白乙酰化水平,并诱导p21CIP1/WAF1的mRNA表达和抑制cyclin A的mRNA表达,而对cyclin E无明显作用.结论:TSA可通过诱导细胞凋亡及细胞周期阻滞而发挥体外抗膀胱癌作用,其作用机制可能涉及组蛋白乙酰化水平以及相关基因(p21CIP1/WAF1、cyclin A)表达的调控.     

Iressa抑制胃癌SGC-7901细胞生长的研究

目的:探讨iressa对胃癌SGC.7901细胞增殖,细胞周期和细胞凋亡的影响。方法:用四氮甲唑蓝(MTT)法检测不同浓度iressa对胃癌SGC-7901细胞增殖的影响;用流式细胞仪检测不同浓度iressa对胃癌SGC-7901细胞周期分布和细胞凋亡的影响。结果:在5~20μmol/L浓度范围内,iressa对SGC-7901的生长具有明显的抑制作用,并呈时间和剂量依赖性。10μmol/L和20μol/L的iressa可以导致SGC-7901细胞Gl期阻滞,并引起细胞凋亡。结论:Iressa可改变SGC-7901细胞周期分布,诱导细胞凋亡,从而抑制细胞增殖。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.