大学生思想政治状况调查研究

高校作为培养高等人才的基地,担负着培养党和国家事业接班人的重要任务.本文通过对高校学生思想政治状况的了解和把握,提出了如何加强大学生思想政治教育的对策. 1 当前大学生基本思想政治状况分析 第一,思想上呈现出稳定、健康、积极向上的良好态势.大学生具有高度的爱国热情,希望我们的国家能够早日完成统一大业;对我国政治经济的总体态势持积极乐观态度,对建设中国特色社会主义事业充满必胜的信心.     

提高医学院校思政课教学实效性的途径分析

思想政治理论课对大学生思想政治教育起着主渠道、主阵地的作用,高校思政课教学效果如何,直接关系到大学生的思想道德状况和大学生的成长成才.要提高医学院校思想政治理论课的教学实效,必须根据医学院校的实际情况,结合医学生的特点,体现医学教育特色.     

转型时期大学生思想政治工作的心理学路径

转型时期,大学生的心理健康状况、思想认识都发生了深刻变化,他们所承受的心理压力,产生的心理问题远大于以前.高校思想政治教育工作作为培养大学生成才的重要方面,必然要承担起预防和调节大学生心理,引导大学生心理健康发展的责任.教育者要从分析研究大学生的心理、思想教育入手,掌握并灵活运用心理学的基本原理和方法探求思想政治教育的有效性,为大学生的全面和可持续性发展奠定基础.     

对高校大学生思想政治教育的思考

本文结合大学生思想政治状况实际,分析了当代大学生在思想政治方面存在的一些问题和不足,提出了在新的条件下高校大学生思想政治教育的方法和途径。     

医学生思想政治教育不能分层

"医学高职院校思想政治教育不必要求太高."的潜台词,就是医学生思想政治教育分层论.从党和国家的教育方针看,包括医药学类在内的我国全部高校,学生思想政治教育的目标是统一的,各级各类本、专科大学生,接受高校思想政治教育,其政治思想素质不存在分层级的目标;从心理学和教育学的相关理论看,大学生在思想政治方面是能够达到一致目标的.因此,不仅医学生的思想政治教育不能分层,整个高校的大学生思想政治教育都不能分层.     

地域文化融入高校思想政治教育研究

高校思想政治教育旨在培养社会主义建设者和接班人,教育过程中周围文化环境的影响客观存在.地域文化是指"中华大地特定区域源远流长、独具特色,传承至今仍发挥作用的文化传统",总是在无形中融于高校思想政治教育中,渗透到大学生学习和生活中,影响着教育的方式和教育的内容,为高校思想政治教育创新发展提供思路和灵感.如何将地域文化更好地融入高校思想政治教育,真正达到文化育人、文化载人、文化养人的目的,是教育者始终思考的问题.     

文艺时尚对当代大学生的影响与对策

文艺时尚在满足大众消遣欲望和精神需求的同时也深刻地影响着当代大学生的思想和文化观念。从倍受当代大学生青睐的文艺时尚及其对大学生的渗透影响入手，探讨它对高校思想政治教育工作的启迪，形成和构建新时期高校思想政治教育工作的新举措、新思路，是当前高校思想政治教育的重要课题。     

“四史”教育融入高校思想政治理论课途径探析

"四史"教育在高校思想政治理论课的教育中意义重大。开展"四史"教育强化高校思想政治理论课铸魂育人的政治导向功能,对大学生理想信念发挥着价值引领作用,同时也是厚植大学生爱国主义情怀的重要途径。高校通过挖掘课堂教学主渠道作用、借助互联网"云端课堂"、打造"行走课堂"等途径探索"四史"教育融入高校思想政治理论课教育教学。     

运用案例教学法提高思想道德修养与法律基础课的教学效果

高校思想政治理论课承担着对大学生进行马克思主义理论教育的任务,是对大学生进行思想政治教育的主渠道.长期以来,教学方法单一、缺少社会实践环节、理论与实践脱节是高校思想政治理论课改革中存在的一个较为突出的问题.在全面贯彻党的十八大和十八届三中全会精神、深化对高校思想政治理论课改革的大背景下,开展实践育人创新研究,实现思想政治理论与社会实践相结合,成为新时期、新阶段高校思想政治理论课改革面临的重要任务.思想道德修养与法律基础（以下简称“基础”课）是教育部规定的高等学校学生必修的公共基础课之一,其目的是帮助大学生树立正确的世界观、人生观、价值观,培养学生良好的思想道德素质、职业素质和法律素质.     

思想政治教育与文化自信逻辑互动视域下培育当代大学生文化自信研究

当今世界,各种思想文化交流、交融、交锋日益频繁,我国思想文化领域的变革也日趋广泛而深刻,目前大学生文化自信有缺失和弱化的倾向,思想政治教育面临着前所未有的挑战。分析思想政治教育与大学生文化自信之间的逻辑关联并在这种逻辑关联基础上,提出从弘扬社会主义先进文化、传承中华文化血脉、深入整合革命文化精神、理性审视西方文化等方面培育大学生文化自信。这是实现高校思想政治教育的文化价值目标,也是提升高校思想政治教育实效性,进一步发挥高校思想政治教育文化育人功能的内在要求。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.