手术治疗髋臼骨折47例体会

目的:探讨手术治疗髋臼骨折的手术方法、疗效。方法:将47例复杂髋臼骨折均按Letoumel-Judet方法进行分型,采用Kocher-Langenbeck入路、髂腹股沟入路以及前后联合入路进行手术治疗。结果:术后随访6～13月,平均9.6月,按Matta等髋臼骨折切开复位标准,本组达解剖复位33例(骨折移位0～1mm),满意9例(骨折移位2～3mm),不满意复位5例(骨折移位>3mm)。根据Matta髋关节功能评分标准进行评价,其中优27髋,良9髋,可8髋,差3髋,优良率为76.6%。术后股骨头缺血坏死1例,异位骨化3例。结论:术前三维CT重建对骨折准确分型和选择合理的手术入路具有重要作用;术中对骨折尽可能解剖复位,进行可靠的内固定是取得手术成功的关键。     

前后联合入路手术治疗28例复杂髋臼骨折的疗效分析

目的 探讨复杂型髋臼骨折前后联合手术入路的治疗效果.方法 28例复杂型髋臼骨折,均采用髂腹股沟入路联合Kocher-Langenbeck(K-L)入路手术治疗.术中采用专用骨盆器械及骨盆重建钢板螺钉进行骨折复位内固定.结果 平均随访6～24个月解剖复位19例,良好复位8例,差1例.结论 明确骨折分型,手术入路充分暴露骨折端,尽量解剖复位,早期功能锻炼是获得良好疗效的关键.     

髋臼骨折手术入路选择

目的探讨不同类型髋臼骨折手术入路选择的相关因素。方法对23例髋臼骨折的手术入路与治疗效果进行回顾分析。结果骨折复位按Matta标准评价：解剖复位13例,满意复位10例。随访6～36个月（平均26.5个月）,疗效评价按照D＇Aubigne-Postel经Matta改良的标准：优16例,良5例,可2例。优良率91.1%。结论髋臼骨折手术入路应根据患者骨折具体情况进行选择。     

髋臼骨折手术治疗58例分析

目的探讨髋臼骨折手术治疗的方法及疗效。方法 58例髋臼骨折患者按照Letournel-Judet的髋臼骨折分类法进行分型,根据不同分型选择不同手术入路,采用专用器械、重建钢板和螺钉对骨折进行复位固定,观察其疗效。结果本组患者均顺利手术,术后X线片显示解剖复位32例,满意复位18例,不满意复位8例。均获得随访,随访时间5~28个月,平均l5个月;骨折均获愈合,内固定物无松动及折断发生,末次随访时关节功能按改良Merled’Aubigre6分法和Epstein标准评定,本组关节功能优32例,良16例,一般6例,差4例,优良率82.8%。其中2例发生创伤性关节炎,1例股骨头缺血坏死。结论解剖复位内固定是治疗髋臼骨折的有效方法,恰当的手术入路选择,良好的复位固定和对合并损伤的积极治疗是获得良好疗效的关键。     

不同手术方法治疗髋臼骨折的临床分析

目的:总结移位髋臼骨折的治疗策略。方法:对收治的57例髋臼骨折根据骨折类型选择不同的手术入路、方法进行内固定。结果:57例术后骨折复位质量:解剖复位34例,满意复位19例,不满意复位4例。按评分系统评价优良率为80.7%。结论:术前准确明确骨折类型和移位方向,在此基础上选择合理的手术入路、准确复位、合适内固定是关键性措施。     

移位型髋臼骨折21例手术疗效分析

目的：探讨移位型髋臼骨折手术临床疗效。方法：移位型髋臼骨折21例，按术前X线及CT检查结果选择不同手术入路进行内固定。其中Kocher-langenbeck入路15例，髂腹股沟入路3例，髂骨股骨入路1例，前后联合人路2例。结果：通过4～18个月随访，根据Matta评分标准，解剖复位及满意复位20例(95．2％)；根据美国矫形研究院髋关节功能评价方法，优13例，良5例，优良率为85．7％。结论：移位型髋臼骨折尽早手术治疗可取得满意的骨折复位和临床疗效，术前完整的检查和正确的分型诊断以及手术入路的理想选择是取得手术疗效的关键。     

髋臼骨折手术入路选择

目的探讨不同类型髋臼骨折手术入路选择的相关因素。方法对23例髋臼骨折的手术入路与治疗效果进行回顾性分析。结果骨折复位按M atta标准评价：解剖复位13例,满意复位10例。随访6个月-36个月（平均26.5个月）,疗效评价按照D＇Aubigne-Postel经M atta改良的标准：优16例,良5例,可2例,优良率为91.1%.结论髋臼骨折手术入路应根据患者骨折具体情况进行选择。     

经前侧入路应用重建钢板内固定治疗髋臼骨折

目的:探讨经前侧入路应用重建钢板内固定治疗髋臼骨折的手术方法及疗效。方法:22例髋臼骨折病例经前侧入路(髂腹股入路或Stoppa入路)应用重建钢板一期骨折复位和固定治疗,术后定期随访,进行疗效评价。结果:术后随访时间20.2月(12～45月)。按Matta标准评价髋臼复位质量:解剖复位16例,满意复位4例,2例复位差,复位优良率90.91%。采用改良的D'Aubigne功能评分,优13例、良6例、中3例,优良率达86.36%。结论:对于具有适应证的髋臼骨折,通过前侧入路,能得到满意的显露及复位固定,相对于髂腹股沟入路,前侧的Stoppa入路具有一定优势。     

复杂髋臼骨折前后联合手术入路的疗效观察

目的 探讨复杂髋臼骨折前后联合手术入路的疗效.方法 开展前后联合入路治疗复杂髋臼骨折26例.根据骨折分型选择前方的髂腹股沟入路和后方的K-L入路,采用重建钢板内固定.其中由前向后15例,由后向前11例.结果 手术时间3.2～6.3 h,出血量350～1 400 mL.术后平均随访27个月(8～60个月),均未出现切口感染,全部骨性愈合.骨折复位质量按照Matta标准,解剖复位17例,满意复位7例,不满意复位2例.依据改良的Merle dAubigné和Postel的髋臼骨折临床结果评分标准,优11例,良9例,可4例,差2例.结论 复杂髋臼骨折的手术治疗学习曲线长,开展该类手术可根据骨折的类型以及手术技巧掌握的不同程度选用不同的前后入路复位次序.     

手术治疗髋臼骨折23例

目的:通过对髋臼骨折手术治疗结果的分析和总结,以期进一步提高其治疗效果。方法:23例髋臼骨折患者,手术入路为经腹直肌外缘入路、Kocher-Langenbeck入路和前后联合入路,采用重建钢板、螺丝钉内固定。结果:23例无感染,切口均期愈合。术后根据Matta影像学评分,解剖和复位满意19例,复位不满意3例,差1例。23例患者中21例获随访,根据Matta髋关节功能评分标准,优11例(52.4%),良6例(26.8%),一般2例(9.5%),差2例(9.5%),优良率达81.0%。结论:术前完善的影像学资料、正确的骨折分型、及时手术、恰当的手术入路、解剖复位、牢固固定、早期功能锻炼是提高治疗效果的关键。经腹直肌外缘入路适合于髋臼前壁、前柱骨折以及部分双柱、T形和横形骨折的切开复位内固定,有临床应用价值。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.