矿泉浴并股四头肌等张训练治疗膝关节骨关节病

矿泉浴并股四头肌等张训练治疗膝关节骨关节病郑建寅，朴永芬，王晶，彭国祥，郭亿军膝关节骨关节病是以膝关节软骨的退行性变和继发性骨质增生为主的疾患，多见于中老年人，近３年来，我们用兴城矿泉浴并股四头肌等张训练治疗本病。取得较好疗效，现报告如下。资料与方法...     

股四头肌等长并等张训练治疗膝关节骨性关节炎

膝关节骨关节炎 (ｏｓｔｅｏａｒｔｈｒｉｔｉｓ ,ＯＡ)是以关节骨和软骨的退行性变为主的疾患 ,多见于中老年人。临床上主要表现为膝关节疼痛和不同程度的功能障碍。由于其进行性的发展趋势 ,因此对ＯＡ患者强调早期康复。自 195 5年Ａｒｄｅｒｓｏｎ首次报道股四头肌力量训练能使膝关节稳定性改善和步行距离增加以来 ,临床上越来越多地采用肌力训练作为膝ＯＡ治疗的一种主要手段。目前应用于膝ＯＡ治疗中的肌力训练方法很多[1 4 ] ,但都有其不足之处。到底哪种方法既简单、实用又安全、有效 ,人们在不断探寻。本研究采用等长与等张训练相…     

理疗配合股四头肌训练治疗老年膝骨关节病30例

1资料与方法 30例老年膝关节病患者中,男 16例,女 14例。双膝 12例,单膝 18例。均表现为关节肿胀,但日常活动不受限者 5例,活动稍受限者 8例,日常活动受限 17例。病程在 2年之内者 14例, 2～ 5年者 10例, 5年以上 6例。全部患者均给予矿泉水浸浴, 37～ 39° C,每次 15min, 1次 /d,局泥：双膝包裹, 46～ 52° C,每次 15min, 1次 /d。电脑中频：膝部对置,中频频率为 4kHz,低频频率 1/2～ 150Hz,方波、指数波、正弦波、三角波,每次 20min, 1次 /d,股四头肌训练： (1)仰卧位,膝关节自然伸直,踝关节背伸,同时将下肢交替…     

股四头肌等长训练治疗膝关节骨性关节病

膝关节骨性关节病(Osfeoarthritis,下称膝OA),是老年人常见的骨关节疾病。其最显著的症状是疼痛,并可伴有不同程度的活动障碍。其中除少数病人需手术矫形治疗外,大多数病人可用非手术治疗。迄今药物治疗只能暂时止痛,但疼痛仍反复发作,并可逐渐加重。我们采用肌肉等长收缩训练(isomcfric exercise)强化股四头肌力的方法治疗膝OA,获得较满意的疗效。     

股四头肌力量训练

<正> 有关肌力训练和肌力增强之间的相关性已有报道,但这种相关性可能依肌群和运动性质的不同而异。就肢体力量训练而言,应用单侧或双侧抗阻运动所获得的力量可能有差异,而对该点尚未进行科学研究。本研究旨在通过应用Toro Isopower 运动系统,即一种计算机控制的利用电磁制动器对双侧在运动全程中进行恒定等张向心运动的练习装置,测定其对一组受试妇女的伸膝肌力训     

膝关节镜下治疗退行性骨关节病

关节镜下治疗膝关节退行性骨节病13例。常规膝关节镜检查,依次观察关节内各种结构的损伤。发现均有滑膜组织增生和程度不同的纤维束粘连带,软骨面剥脱及骨质增生。2例半月板边缘毛糙,3例见游离体。镜下松懈粘连带,取出游离体,打磨关节面冲洗关节腔。膝关节镜能对膝关节退行性骨关节病提供关节内良好视野,发现和处理关节内不同结构的病变。手术创伤小,可冲洗清除关节内碎屑,感染机会小,并发症小,能早日训练,有利于膝关节功能的恢复。     

超声波结合股四头肌肌力训练治疗老年膝关节骨关节炎

目的探讨超声波结合股四头肌肌力增强训练对老年膝关节骨关节炎的疗效. 方法将76例老年膝关节骨关节炎患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组38例.实验组采用超声波结合股四头肌肌力训练,对照组应用综合物理疗法治疗.对患膝治疗前和治疗4周后的日常活动(ADL)能力、疼痛程度及伸直位最大负荷量进行评定. 结果实验组在缓解疼痛、改善膝关节ADL能力方面略优于对照组(P>0.05),但其股四头肌肌力较治疗前及对照组明显增强(P<0.01). 结论超声波结合股四头肌肌力强化训练治疗老年膝关节骨关节炎,可获得较满意的治疗结果.     

PT训练股四头肌治疗膝关节骨性关节炎

骨性关节炎 (ｏｓｔｅｏａｒｔｈｒｉｔｉｓ ,ＯＡ) ,又称退行性骨关节病 ,是临床常见病、多发病。老年人的发病率可达35 % ,其中 10 %为膝关节受累[1] ,主要的病理特征是关节软骨的进行性缺失、软骨下骨的坏死 ,及由此而引起的软骨与骨的修复反应[2 ] 。膝关节骨性关节炎 (Ｋｎｅｅ ＯＡ)主要表现为膝关节疼痛、无力 ,及由此引起的行走、起立和登楼梯困难[1、3] ,严重影响患者的日常生活[4 6] 。ＯＡ的主要临床特点是 ,病变进展出现临床症状后就很难逆转[7] ,治疗困难。在保守治疗方法中 ,增强患侧关节周围肌肉力量的ＰＴ康复训练方法成为…     

Effect of magnetic knee wrap on quadriceps strength in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis

Chen C-Y, Chen C-L, Hsu SC-C, Chou S-W, Wang K-C. Effect of magnetic knee wrap on quadriceps strength in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis.

Objective

To determine the effects of magnetic knee wrap on isokinetic quadriceps strength in patients with painful knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Design

Randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled and before-after trial.

Setting

Rehabilitation clinic in a tertiary hospital.

Participants

Eligible patients (N=50) (mean age ± SD, 66.0±8.6y) with mild to moderate knee OA were recruited from the outpatient department and 37 (74%) completed the trial. Only 3 (6%) withdrew due to study-related adverse effects.

Interventions

Wearing the active (n=24) or sham (n=26) magnetic knee wrap for 12 weeks.

Main Outcome Measures

The primary outcome measure was isokinetic quadriceps strength. Secondary outcome measures included the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI) and the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) Pain Scale.

Results

Using intention-to-treat analyses, the peak isokinetic quadriceps strength increased significantly in the treated leg at 30°/s (P=.007) and 60°/s (P=.022) after wearing the magnetic knee wrap. Compared with baseline, the median strength increase for the treated leg in the study group significantly exceeded that in the control group at week 4 (.05Nm/kg vs −.09Nm/kg at 60°/s, P=.038) and week 12 (30°/s, .09Nm/kg vs .04Nm/kg, P=.044; 60°/s, .17Nm/kg vs .02Nm/kg, P=.031). The HAQ-DI and HAQ Pain Scales improved significantly in both groups. Compared with baseline, the improvement at week 12 in terms of the HAQ-DI in the study group significantly exceeded that in the control group.

Conclusions

Magnetic knee wrap may significantly facilitate isokinetic quadriceps strength in patients with mild to moderate knee OA.     

分米波理疗结合股四头肌肌力训练治疗老年人膝关节骨关节炎

目的　探讨分米波理疗结合股四头肌肌力强化训练对老年人膝关节骨关节炎的疗效。方法　将76例老年膝关节骨关节炎患者随机分为实验组和对照组 ,每组 38例。实验组采用分米波理疗结合股四头肌肌力训练 ,对照组应用综合物理疗法治疗。对患膝治疗前和治疗 4周后的日常活动 (ADL)能力 ,疼痛程度及伸直位最大负荷量进行评定。结果　实验组在缓解疼痛 ,改善膝关节ADL能力方面较对照组明显增强 (P <0 0 1)。结论　分米波理疗结合股四头肌肌力强化训练治疗老年膝关节骨关节炎 ,可获得较满意的治疗效果。     

超声波结合股四头肌肌力训练治疗老年膝骨关节炎

背景膝关节的疼痛和关节不稳是膝骨关节炎的主要症状表现.目的采用镇痛药物超声波透入疗法减轻局部疼痛症状的同时进行股四头肌肌力训练,并与单纯超声波物理治疗比较对膝关节疼痛及功能状态的改善效果.设计随机对照实验.单位泸州医学院附属医院康复医学科.对象选择2001-08/2004-08泸州医学院附属医院骨科和康复科门诊及住院的膝骨关节炎患者76例,男28例,女48例,共109膝.随机分为实验组和对照组,每组38例.干预①实验组采用绵阳产CZ-01型超声治疗机,声头直径3 cm,以10g/L双氯芬酸乳胶剂(北京诺华制药有限公司生产)作耦合剂涂于患膝关节周围,0.75～1.25 W/cm2,1次/d,8～10 min/次;同时进行膝关节伸直位的静力性等长收缩训练,使用股四头肌等张训练器进行Delorme渐增抵抗运动练习,每日一两次.②对照组超声波疗法同治疗组;超短波应用无热至微热量,患区对置,10～15 min/次;中频电采用CM-518B型电脑中频治疗仪,给予耐受量,20min/次,各种电疗均1次/d.③两组患者均在治疗4周后评定疗效,治疗期间停用其他抗炎镇痛等药物.④应用目测类比评分法对患者患膝平地行走疼痛评分(0分为无痛,10分为极痛,比治疗前缓解40%以上为有效);选择下肢日常活动项目对患者膝关节日常活动能力评分(5个项目,总分10分,分值高为优,低为差);采用悬挂砝码法在股四头肌等张训练器上测定患膝伸直位最大负荷量.主要观察指标①两组患者治疗前后平地行走疼痛评分.②两组患者膝关节日常活动能力评分.③两组患者膝关节伸直位最大负荷量.结果按意向处理分析,76例患者均进入结果分析.①两组患者治疗前后平地行走疼痛评分结果疼痛评分均较治疗前明显减低(P＜0.01),但组间比较无显著差异(P＞0.05).②两组患者治疗前后膝关节日常活动能力比较治疗后均比治疗前明显增加,实验组效果好于对照组(9.61±1.82,8.77±2.28),但组间比较无显著差异(P＞0.05).③两组患者治疗前后膝关节伸直位最大负荷量评价结果治疗后实验组较治疗前及对照组均明显增强[(10.05±2.41)kg比(7.86±1.98)kg及(8.76±1.65)kg,P＜0.01).结论应用双氯芬酸钠乳胶剂作为超声耦合剂对老年膝关节骨关节炎患者进行超声波结合股四头肌肌力强化训练治疗,可以改善患者疼痛提高日常生活能力和增强膝关节伸直位最大负荷量和膝关节的稳定性.其效果好于单纯应用超声波治疗.     

超声波结合股四头肌肌力训练治疗老年膝骨关节炎

背景：膝关节的疼痛和关节不稳是膝骨关节炎的主要症状表现。目的：采用镇痛药物超声波透人疗法减轻局部疼痛症状的同时进行股四头肌肌力训练，并与单纯超声波物理治疗比较对膝关节疼痛及功能状态的改善效果。设计：随机对照实验。单位：泸州医学院附属医院康复医学科。对象：选择2001-08／2004—08泸州医学院附属医院骨科和康复科门诊及住院的膝骨关节炎患者76例，男28例，女48例，共109膝。随机分为实验组和对照组，每组38例。干预：①实验组：采用绵阳产CZ-01型超声治疗机，声头直径3cm，以10叽双氯芬酸乳胶剂（北京诺华制药有限公司生产）作耦合剂涂于患膝关节周围，0．75～1．25W／cm^2，1次／d，8～10min／次；同时进行膝关节伸直位的静力性等长收缩训练，使用股四头肌等张训练器进行Delorme渐增抵抗运动练习，每日一两次。②对照组：超声波疗法同治疗组；超短波应用无热至微热量，患区对置，10-15min／次；中频电采用CM-518B型电脑中频治疗仪，给予耐受量，20min／次，各种电疗均1次／d。③两组患者均在治疗4周后评定疗效，治疗期间停用其他抗炎镇痛等药物。④应用目测类比评分法对患者患膝平地行走疼痛评分（0分为无痛，10分为极痛，比治疗前缓解40％以上为有效）；选择下肢日常活动项目对患者膝关节日常活动能力评分（5个项目，总分10分，分值高为优，低为差）；采用悬挂砝码法在股四头肌等张训练器上测定患膝伸直位最大负荷量。主要观察指标：①两组患者治疗前后平地行走疼痛评分。②两组患者膝关节日常活动能力评分。③两组患者膝关节伸直位最大负荷量。结果：按意向处理分析，76例患者均进人结果分析。①两组患者治疗前后平地行走疼痛评分结果：疼痛评分均较治疗前明显减低（P〈0．01），但组间比较无显著差异（P〉0．05）。②两组患者治疗前后膝关节日常活动能力比较：治疗后均比治疗前明显增加，实验组效果好于对照组（9．61&;#177;1．82，8.77&;#177;2．28），但组间比较无显著差异（P〉0．05）。③两组患者治疗前后膝关节伸直位最大负荷量评价结果：治疗后实验组较治疗前及对照组均明显增强[（10．05&;#177;2．41）kg比（7．86&;#177;1．98）kg及（8.76&;#177;1．65）kg，P〈0．01）。结论：应用双氯芬酸钠乳胶剂作为超声耦合剂对老年膝关节骨关节炎患者进行超声波结合股四头肌肌力强化训练治疗，可以改善患者疼痛提高日常生活能力和增强膝关节伸直位最大负荷量和膝关节的稳定性。其效果好于单纯应用超声波治疗。     

等长性肌肉收缩股四头肌功能练习治疗膝关节骨性关节炎

目的探讨采用等长性肌肉收缩股四头肌功能练习的方法治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的效果。方法 2007年1月至2011年1月门诊确诊为膝关节骨性关节炎(OA)患者250例,平均年龄67.8岁(45.0～75.0岁),男女比例为1∶4。X线分级:Ⅰ级28例,Ⅱ级66例,Ⅲ级90例,Ⅳ级66例。随机选入运动疗法治疗组(试验组)128例,传统治疗组(对照组)122例;试验组采用股四头肌等长性肌肉收缩功能练习方法,对照组采用局部理疗以及口服非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs)。在治疗前,治疗后1、3个月分别进行视觉模拟评分(VAS)和WOMAC问卷调查评估膝关节功能。结果 WOMAC评分与VAS评分结果类似,结果均显示试验组1个月后关节功能明显好转(P<0.05),治疗3个月后与1个月时相比关节功能进一步改善(P<0.01),对照组在治疗后1个月时同样明显好转(P<0.05),但继续治疗2个月后无进一步改善(P>0.05)。治疗后3个月时试验组评分明显优于对照组,两组之间存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论系统进行等长性股四头肌功能练习可以有效地缓解关节疼痛,改善膝关节功能。     

A revised group exercise program for osteoarthritis of the knee

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a group exercise program for subjects with osteoarthritis of the knee referred for physiotherapy in terms of pain, physical function and gait. This study was initiated after an initial group exercise program at this centre failed to demonstrate significant changes in pain, physical function or gait. The study was based on repeated measures with a two month follow up, carried out in the outpatients department of a large public hospital. Pain levels in various functional situations were assessed on visual analogue scales, physical function with the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire, and quantitative gait variables at a normal and a fast self-selected speed with an electric foot switch walkway. On completion of the program (n=40) more than 90% of the pain and physical function scores demonstrated significant improvements without increases in medication, use of walking aids or fatigue. The gait variables of velocity, cadence and stride length at both self-selected speeds demonstrated significant increases at this assessment without deterioration of gait symmetry. All improvements were maintained at the two month follow up assessments. This study suggests that a clinically realistic group exercise program supplemented with a home program can reduce pain, increase physical function and objective gait measures in subjects with osteoarthritis of the knee. Copyright © 1997 Whurr Publishers Ltd.     

Use of ultrasound to increase effectiveness of isokinetic exercise for knee osteoarthritis

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of ultrasound (US) in isokinetic muscle strengthening exercises on functional status of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). DESIGN: Effectiveness of isokinetic muscle strengthening exercises for treatment of periarticular soft tissue disorders was compared with and without pulsed and continuous US. SETTING: Outpatient exercise program in a Taiwan medical university hospital. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred twenty subjects with bilateral knee OA (Altman grade II). INTERVENTION: Subjects were randomized sequentially into 1 of 4 groups. Group I received isokinetic muscular strengthening exercises, group II received isokinetic exercise and continuous US, group III received isokinetic exercise and pulsed US treatment, and group IV was the control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Therapeutic effects of isokinetic exercise were evaluated by changes in ambulation speed and the Lequesne index. In addition, changes in knee range of motion (ROM), visual analog scale for pain, and muscle peak torques during knee flexion and extension were compared. Compliance in each group was recorded. RESULTS: Each treated group had increased muscle peak torques and significantly reduced pain and disability after treatment and at follow-up. However, only patients in groups II and III had significant improvement in ROM and ambulation speed after treatment. Fewer participants in group III discontinued treatment due to knee pain during exercise. Patients in group III also showed the greatest increase in walking speed and decrease in disability after treatment and at follow-up. Gains in muscular strength in 60 degrees /s angular velocity peak torques were also noted in groups II and III. However, group III showed the greatest muscular strength gains with 180 degrees /s angular velocity peak torques after treatment and follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: US treatment could increase the effectiveness of isokinetic exercise for functional improvement of knee OA, and pulsed ultrasound has a greater effect than continuous US.     

Efficacy and safety of hyaluronan treatment in combination therapy with home exercise for knee osteoarthritis pain

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of intra-articular injections of sodium hyaluronate combined with a home exercise program (HEP) in the management of pain associated with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. DESIGN: Single-blinded, parallel-design, 1-year clinical study with sequential enrollment. SETTING: University-based outpatient physiatric practice. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty patients (18 men, 42 women; age, > or =50 y) with moderate-to-severe pain associated with OA of the knee. INTERVENTIONS: (1) Five weekly intra-articular hyaluronate injections (5-HYL); (2) 3 weekly intra-articular hyaluronate injections (3-HYL); or (3) a combination of an HEP with 3 weekly intra-articular hyaluronate injections (3-HYL+HEP). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome measure was a 100-mm visual analog scale for pain after a 50-foot walk (15.24 m). Secondary measures included the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index subscales. RESULTS: The 3-HYL+HEP group had significantly faster onset of pain relief compared with the 3-HYL (P<.01) and 5-HYL groups (P=.01). All groups showed a mean symptomatic improvement from baseline (reduction in baseline pain at 3 mo was 59%, 49%, and 48% for the 3-HYL+HEP, 3-HYL, and 5-HYL groups, respectively) that was clinically and statistically significant. There were no between-group differences in the incidence or nature of adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: The combined use of hyaluronate injections with HEP should be considered for management of moderate-to-severe pain in patients with knee OA.     

Physical function and properties of quadriceps femoris muscle in men with knee osteoarthritis

Liikavainio T, Lyytinen T, Tyrväinen E, Sipilä S, Arokoski JP. Physical function and properties of quadriceps femoris muscle in men with knee osteoarthritis.

Objectives

To examine the objective physical function of the lower extremities, to measure the properties of quadriceps femoris muscle (QFM), and to assess subjective disabilities in men with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and to compare the results with those obtained from age- and sex-matched control subjects.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Rehabilitation clinic in a university hospital.

Participants

Male volunteers (n=54) (age range, 50-69y) with knee OA and randomly selected healthy, age- and sex-matched control subjects (n=53).

Interventions

Not applicable.

Main Outcome Measures

Physical function evaluated with a test battery including the QFM composition measurement, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and the RAND 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, version 1.0.

Results

Knee OA patients had 13% to 26% poorer (P range, .050-.001) physical function and muscle strength compared with the controls. There were also significant differences in QFM composition. WOMAC (P range, .050-.001) and muscle strength (P<.001) associated with physical function tests, but subjective pain correlated with neither physical function nor muscle strength in knee OA patients. The radiographic knee OA grade did not have any significant effect on physical function, but passive knee motion, knee extension strength, and WOMAC were related to the severity of the disease (P<.05).

Conclusions

The patients with knee OA exhibited impaired physical function and muscle strength and QFM composition compared with healthy controls. The severity of radiographic knee OA clearly had adverse effects on functional ability at the later stages of the disease. The results highlight the effect of QFM strength on physical function as well as the importance of patient's subjective and objective physical function when deciding on knee OA treatment policy.