血管内皮生长因子在食管癌中的表达及其意义

目的探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在食管癌中的表达规律及其在血管生成和肿瘤侵润转移中.的作用机制.方法应用原位杂交和免疫组织化学方法,检测58例食管癌组织中VECF的mRNA和蛋白的表达,并用CD34标记癌组织血管内皮细胞,计数肿瘤内微血管密度(HVD).结果食管癌细胞高表达VBG-FmRNA和蛋白,阳性率分别为62.1%(36/58),60.3%(35/58),VECF的表达与食管癌的浸润深度、淋巴结转移及THH分期密切相关,而与分化程度和组织分型无关;VECF阳性表达组的微血管密度明显高于低表达组(P＜0.01).结论VEGF可促进食管癌血管形成,同时也促进肿瘤的浸润和转移,可作为反映食管癌进展的生物学指标.     

食管癌中VEGF的表达及与MVD相关性研究

目的　探讨食管癌中血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)的表达 ,微血管生成及其与临床病理参数间的关系。方法　采用S P免疫组织化学染色法检测 5 9例食管癌及 2 0例正常食管粘膜组织中VEGF的表达 ,并对血管进行Ⅷ因子相关抗原的免疫组织化学染色 ,计数微血管密度 (MVD)。结果　 5 9例食管癌中VEGF表达阳性率为 81.36 % ,MVD为 41.81± 8.44 ,显著高于正常食管粘膜组织VEGF的表达率及MVD(2 0 % ;12 .13± 2 .81;P <0 .0 1)。VEGF的表达和微血管密度与食管癌的病理分级、淋巴结转移相关 ,而与肿瘤的浸润深度无关 ,并且VEGF表达阳性食管癌组织的MVD显著高于VEGF表达阴性者 (P <0 .0 5 )。随着VEGF表达强度的增强 ,癌组织内微血管密度明显增高。结论　VEGF与食管癌组织的生长和转移有关 ,食管癌组织VEGF检测可作为食管癌预后的一个有用指标 ,并可能成为食管癌临床生物治疗的参考指标     

血管内皮生长因子在非小细胞癌的表达及其意义

目的 :研究血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)表达水平和肿瘤微血管密度与肺癌生物学行为及其预后的关系。方法 :采用免疫组化方法检测 96例肺癌和 18例正常肺组织中 VEGF的表达和微血管密度。结果 :肺癌与正常肺组织 VEGF的表达和微血管密度具有非常显著性差异 (P <0 .0 0 1～ 0 .0 0 0 0 1) ,肺癌微血管密度随着 VEGF的表达增强而增多 ;VEGF的表达和微血管密度随着肺癌分化程度的降低而显著升高 (P <0 .0 5～ 0 .0 0 0 0 1) ;肺腺癌组织中 VEGF表达程度比鳞癌组织显著增高(P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :VEGF作为最重要的血管生成因子 ,参与了肺癌的发生和发展过程 ,可作为肺癌生物学行为及其预后判断的指标     

食管癌血管生成与淋巴结转移的关系

目的 探讨食管因管生成与淋巴结转移的关系,方法 采用免疫组织化学的方法检测了1994－1995年手术切除的50例食管癌病人石蜡标本中微血管密度和血管内皮生长因子及受体蛋白的表达。其中有食管旁淋巴结转移者18例,胃左动脉旁淋巴结转移15例。光镜下行MVD、VEGF、Flt、KDR蛋白表达细胞的计数。结果 食管旁和胃左动脉旁淋巴结转移组的微血管密度（MVD）、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、血管同皮生长因子受体（Flt、KDR）蛋白表达均高于未转移组,结论 食管癌中MVD、VEGF、Flt、KDR蛋白表达与肿瘤转移行为密切相关,有可能作为判定肿瘤生物学行为、转移潜能及预后的指标。     

缺氧诱导因子-1α和血管内皮生长因子在膀胱癌中的表达及其与微血管密度的关系

目的 研究膀胱癌及正常膀胱组织缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)、血管内皮生长因子(VECF)的表达及微血管密度(MVD)在膀胱移行细胞癌血管生成及生物学行为的关系.方法 采用免疫组织化学方法检测40例膀胱移行细胞癌和10例正常膀胱组织的HIF-1α、VEGF表达及MVD.结果 膀胱移行细胞癌组织中HIF-1α阳性表达率为77.5%,VEGF阳性表达率为75%,MVD平均为(37.8±8.3),正常膀胱组织中仅1例可见VEGF表达.膀胱移行细胞癌组织HIF-1α及VEGF表达较正常膀胱组织明显增高(P<0.05);膀胱移行细胞癌组织MVD值显著高于正常组织;HIF-1α阳性表达程度与VEGF阳性表达率及MVD成正相关;膀胱移行细胞癌组织中HIF-1α表达与病理分级呈正相关(P<0.05).结论 HIF-1α、VEGF在膀胱移行细胞癌组织血管生成过程中起主要作用;HIF-1α与膀胱移行细胞癌的生物学行为有关,可作为膀胱癌生物学行为的标志.     

VEGF和MVD在食管癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及微血管密度(MVD)在食管癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法应用免疫组织化学方法检测61例食管癌组织及13例正常食管粘膜组织的VEGF表达，并对血管进行Ⅷ因子相关抗原的免疫组织化学染色，计数微血管密度(MVD)。结果60．7％(37／61)的食管癌组织呈VEGF阳性表达，MVD计数高者47．5％(29／61)，显著高于正常食管粘膜组织VEGF的表达率及MVD。VEGF、MVD与肿瘤浸润和淋巴结转移状况有关，但与病理分级无关；VEGF的表达与MVD有显著相关性。单因素预后分析显示，VEGF及MVD低表达者无病生存期(DFS)及总生存期(OS)长于高表达者。多元回归分析显示。VEGF是风险因子。表达越高生存期越短。结论VEGF和MVD均为判断食管癌预后的有效指标，其中VEGF可能是预测食管癌预后的独立因子。     

血管内皮生长因子与微血管密度对子宫内膜癌生物学行为的影响

目的 探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和微血管密度(MVD)对子宫内膜癌生物学行为的影响.方法 采用免疫组化技术对50例子宫内膜癌组织和相应正常组织进行VEGF和MVD检测.结果 VEGF的表达和MVD与子宫内膜癌的肌层浸润深度、淋巴结转移和细胞组织学分级有关(P<0.01);VEGF的表达与MVD呈正相关(γ=0.435,P<0.05).结论 VEGF表达和MVD与子宫内膜癌的生物学行为有关.     

VEGF基因在结肠癌中的表达及意义

目的探讨血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)在结肠癌中的表达及意义。方法应用实时荧光定量PCR和免疫组织化学技术分别检测结肠癌肿瘤组织和正常人结肠组织中VEGFmRNA及其蛋白水平的表达情况,用CD34单克隆抗体标记肿瘤血管计算其微血管密度(MVD),用SPSS10.0软件分析VEGF表达与该肿瘤微血管密度、临床特征及预后的关系。结果(1)40例结肠癌肿瘤组织中有32例(80.0%)VEGF mRNA表达上调,28例(70.0%)肿瘤细胞VEGF蛋白表达阳性;(2)VEGF表达与该肿瘤微血管密度呈正相关(r=0.7,p=0.007);(3)VEGF表达与该肿瘤的淋巴结转移、组织学分型、Duke s分期有关(p=0.011,p=0.006和p=0.001);(4)生存分析显示,VEGF表达上调为预后不良因素。结论VEGF在结肠癌肿瘤组织中广泛表达,可能与该肿瘤的临床特征和预后有关。     

血管内皮生长因子及胎盘微血管密度与自然流产的相关性

目的 研究血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)和胎盘微血管密度(microvessel density,MVD)在自然流产胚胎和人工流产胚胎中的表达量的差异,分析其与自然流产的关系.方法 按照孕周分组,采用免疫组化法检测25例自然流产胚胎(病例组)绒毛组织中VEGF的表达并采用CD34标记血管内皮细胞检测胎盘微血管密度,同时收集44例人工流产的胚胎绒毛组织(对照组)进行对照分析研究.结果 在不同的孕周,病例组其VEGF的表达量和胎盘微血管密度均较对照组的降低,且对照组随着孕周的增加,VEGF的表达量和胎盘微血管密度逐渐增加,而在病例组中却不存在这样的趋势;相关性研究表明VEGF的表达量和胎盘微血管密度之间存在正相关.结论 自然流产的胚胎组织与同孕周的人工流产的胚胎组织相比,其VECF表达量和胎盘微血管密度较低,提示VEGF表达量下降可导致血管生成障碍进一步引起自然流产的发生.     

非小细胞肺癌微血管密度与血管内皮生长因子表达的研究

目的　研究微血管密度 (MVD)与血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)表达与非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC)生物学行为及其预后的关系。方法　应用免疫组化方法检测 5 6例NSCLC和 16例正常肺组织中MVD、VEGF的表达。结果　 (1)NSCLC与正常肺组织MVD、VEGF的表达具有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ,肺癌MVD随VEGF表达的增强而增多 ,两者呈正相关。(2 )MVD和VEGF的表达在肺腺癌中显著高于肺鳞癌 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,两者随淋巴结转移、TNM分期的进展而升高 (P <0 .0 5 )。(3)生存期 <2年者MVD和VEGF的表达显著高于生存期 >2年者 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　MVD和VEGF的表达与NSCLC发生、发展、转移关系密切 ,可作为NSCLC生物学行为及预后判断的指标。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.