双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣治疗手指末节脱套伤

目的 探讨双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣治疗手指末节脱套伤的方法.方法 2005年1月至2008年3月,对28例28指末节脱套伤患者,应用双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣修复,其中示指10指,中指13指,环指5指,缺损平面均在远侧指问关节以远,脱套末节长度0.8～2.2 cm.急诊手术24指,末节皮肤坏死二期手术4指.结果 28例28指皮瓣.除3例皮瓣远端部分张力性水泡形成表皮坏死结痴经换药愈合外,余全部成活.25例经4～27个月随访,外形、感觉和功能恢复满意,静态两点辨距觉达6.0～9.0 mm,平均7.6 mm.结论 双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣治疗手指末节脱套伤,手术简便、安全,疗程短,效果满意.     

双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣治疗手指末节脱套伤

目的 探讨双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣治疗手指末节脱套伤的方法.方法 2005年1月至2008年3月,对28例28指末节脱套伤患者,应用双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣修复,其中示指10指,中指13指,环指5指,缺损平面均在远侧指问关节以远,脱套末节长度0.8～2.2 cm.急诊手术24指,末节皮肤坏死二期手术4指.结果 28例28指皮瓣.除3例皮瓣远端部分张力性水泡形成表皮坏死结痴经换药愈合外,余全部成活.25例经4～27个月随访,外形、感觉和功能恢复满意,静态两点辨距觉达6.0～9.0 mm,平均7.6 mm.结论 双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣治疗手指末节脱套伤,手术简便、安全,疗程短,效果满意.     

双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣治疗手指末节脱套伤

目的 探讨双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣治疗手指末节脱套伤的方法.方法 2005年1月至2008年3月,对28例28指末节脱套伤患者,应用双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣修复,其中示指10指,中指13指,环指5指,缺损平面均在远侧指问关节以远,脱套末节长度0.8～2.2 cm.急诊手术24指,末节皮肤坏死二期手术4指.结果 28例28指皮瓣.除3例皮瓣远端部分张力性水泡形成表皮坏死结痴经换药愈合外,余全部成活.25例经4～27个月随访,外形、感觉和功能恢复满意,静态两点辨距觉达6.0～9.0 mm,平均7.6 mm.结论 双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣治疗手指末节脱套伤,手术简便、安全,疗程短,效果满意.     

改良第二掌背动脉皮瓣修复示中指中末节套脱伤

目的 探讨应用第二掌背动脉(second dorsal metacarpal artery,SDMA)逆行岛状皮瓣修复示、中指中末节皮肤套状撕脱伤的方法及疗效.方法 2004年5月至2010年1月,收治17例示指或中指中末节皮肤套状撕脱伤患者.采用SDMA岛状皮瓣进行修复,并缝合指背神经.皮瓣切取面积为2.5 cm×5.6 cm～5.0cm×6.5 cm,供区创面行游离植皮.结果 术后2例皮瓣远端出现张力性水泡,表皮结痂,经换药后愈合;其余皮瓣顺利存活.皮瓣及供区植皮切口均Ⅰ期愈合.术后17例获得4～27个月的随访,平均15.3个月.皮瓣质地柔软,外观饱满无臃肿.两点分辨觉为7～11 mm,平均8.6 mm.手功能按手指总主动活动度(total active movement,TAM)法评定:优8指,良7指,可2指;优良率为88.2%.结论 缝合指背神经的改良SDMA逆行岛状皮瓣,皮瓣切取面积足够覆盖示、中指中末节套状撕脱伤皮肤缺损创面,皮瓣血运可靠,手术安全,是一种较好的手术方法.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the operative procedure and the clinical results of the modified reversed island flap based on the second dorsal metacarpal artery (SDMA) for repairing index or long finger degloving defects.Methods From May 2004 to January 2010, circumferential soft tissue defect in the middle and distal phalanx of the index or long fingers in 17 patients were repaired by the modified reversed island flaps based on SDMA.The dorsal digital nerve in the flap was coapted to the severed proper digital nerve.The area of the flaps ranged from 2.5 cm × 5.6 cm to 5.0 cm × 6.5 cm.The donor sites were closed by skin graft.Results Postoperatively blister and necrosis of the distal flap occurred in 2 cases which was cured by dressing change.All the other flaps survived uneventfully.Primary healing of the flaps and donor sites was achieved.All 17 patients were follow-up for 4 to 27 months with an average of 15.3 months.The flaps were pliable, full but not bulky.Two-point discrimination was 7 to 11 mm (mean 8.6 mm).Hand function as judged by the total active range of motion of the fingers was excellent in 8 fingers, good in 7 fingers and fair in 2 fingers.The satisfactory rate was 88.2%.Conclusion Modified SDMA reversed island flap transfer with dorsal digital nerve coaptation is an ideal procedure to repair index or long finger degloving injuries.The area of the harvested flap is large enough to cover the circumferential soft tissue defect in the middle and distal phalanx.The surgery is safe due to the reliable flap circulation.     

改良第二掌背动脉皮瓣修复示中指中末节套脱伤

Objective To investigate the operative procedure and the clinical results of the modified reversed island flap based on the second dorsal metacarpal artery (SDMA) for repairing index or long finger degloving defects.Methods From May 2004 to January 2010, circumferential soft tissue defect in the middle and distal phalanx of the index or long fingers in 17 patients were repaired by the modified reversed island flaps based on SDMA.The dorsal digital nerve in the flap was coapted to the severed proper digital nerve.The area of the flaps ranged from 2.5 cm × 5.6 cm to 5.0 cm × 6.5 cm.The donor sites were closed by skin graft.Results Postoperatively blister and necrosis of the distal flap occurred in 2 cases which was cured by dressing change.All the other flaps survived uneventfully.Primary healing of the flaps and donor sites was achieved.All 17 patients were follow-up for 4 to 27 months with an average of 15.3 months.The flaps were pliable, full but not bulky.Two-point discrimination was 7 to 11 mm (mean 8.6 mm).Hand function as judged by the total active range of motion of the fingers was excellent in 8 fingers, good in 7 fingers and fair in 2 fingers.The satisfactory rate was 88.2%.Conclusion Modified SDMA reversed island flap transfer with dorsal digital nerve coaptation is an ideal procedure to repair index or long finger degloving injuries.The area of the harvested flap is large enough to cover the circumferential soft tissue defect in the middle and distal phalanx.The surgery is safe due to the reliable flap circulation.     

改良第二掌背动脉皮瓣修复示中指中末节套脱伤

Objective To investigate the operative procedure and the clinical results of the modified reversed island flap based on the second dorsal metacarpal artery (SDMA) for repairing index or long finger degloving defects.Methods From May 2004 to January 2010, circumferential soft tissue defect in the middle and distal phalanx of the index or long fingers in 17 patients were repaired by the modified reversed island flaps based on SDMA.The dorsal digital nerve in the flap was coapted to the severed proper digital nerve.The area of the flaps ranged from 2.5 cm × 5.6 cm to 5.0 cm × 6.5 cm.The donor sites were closed by skin graft.Results Postoperatively blister and necrosis of the distal flap occurred in 2 cases which was cured by dressing change.All the other flaps survived uneventfully.Primary healing of the flaps and donor sites was achieved.All 17 patients were follow-up for 4 to 27 months with an average of 15.3 months.The flaps were pliable, full but not bulky.Two-point discrimination was 7 to 11 mm (mean 8.6 mm).Hand function as judged by the total active range of motion of the fingers was excellent in 8 fingers, good in 7 fingers and fair in 2 fingers.The satisfactory rate was 88.2%.Conclusion Modified SDMA reversed island flap transfer with dorsal digital nerve coaptation is an ideal procedure to repair index or long finger degloving injuries.The area of the harvested flap is large enough to cover the circumferential soft tissue defect in the middle and distal phalanx.The surgery is safe due to the reliable flap circulation.     

第2掌背动脉穿支皮瓣修复中末节缺失的近节皮肤脱套伤

目的 探讨中末节缺失的手指近节皮肤脱套伤的修复方法及临床疗效.方法 2016年2月-2019年2月,对9例中末节缺失的手指近节皮肤脱套伤患者,采用第2掌背动脉(Second Dorsal Metacarpal Artery,SDMA)皮瓣进行修复,皮瓣内携带的桡神经浅支与伤指指固有神经残端接合.结果 术后9例皮瓣均成活...     

第二掌背动脉终末支双“n”形皮瓣修复拇指末节脱套伤

目的 探讨第二掌背动脉终末支双“n”形皮瓣修复拇指末节脱套伤皮肤缺损的手术方法和临床效果. 方法 对16例拇指末节脱套伤皮肤缺损患者应用携带指背神经的第二掌背动脉终末支双“n”形皮瓣修复,并重建末节感觉.右手10指,左手6指.脱套拇指末节长度1.2～2.8 cm. 结果 16例皮瓣全部成活,15例获得随访,随访时间6 ～35个月,平均16.3个月.皮瓣质地柔软,外观满意,皮肤弹性好,拇指功能及外观恢复满意.指腹皮瓣的两点辨别觉达6 ～9 mm,平均8.1 mm,背侧皮瓣两点辨别觉达8～12 mm,平均10.2 mm.供区无瘢痕挛缩及感觉障碍等并发症.手功能按手指总主动活动度(TAM)法评定,优良率达93.3％. 结论 第二掌背动脉终末支双“n”形皮瓣携带指背神经修复拇指末节脱套伤,能同时完成皮肤覆盖和感觉重建,术后效果满意,是治疗拇指末节脱套伤较为理想的方法.     

改良掌背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复手指中末节软组织缺损

目的探讨改良掌背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损的效果。方法采用改良带掌背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损12例,其中食指7例,中指3例,环指2例。皮瓣蒂部不经皮下隧道穿过,而由刃厚皮片包裹后置于皮肤之外。结果皮瓣全部存活,随访6～12月,外形及屈伸功能恢复满意。结论与传统掌背动脉皮瓣比较,改良掌背动脉皮瓣可减少蒂部压迫,操作简单,效果满意,是修复手指软组织缺损的较好方法。     

以第一、二掌背动脉为蒂的岛状皮瓣修复拇指套脱伤

目的介绍应用以第一、二掌背动脉为蒂的岛状皮瓣修复拇指套脱伤的临床疗效。方法选择9例拇指套脱伤而指血管神经束、甲根、甲床完好或可修复的患者，采用以第一、二掌背动脉为蒂的手背桡侧岛状皮瓣转移修复拇指。结果术后9例皮瓣及供区植皮全部存活。术后7例获得6个月-4年的随访，2例失访。修复后的拇指及指甲外形、供区皮肤外形均较满意，指甲生长正常，拇指对指功能正常。皮瓣两点分辨觉为6．9mm，平均8mm。结论对拇指套脱伤指血管神经束存在，甲根、甲床尚好或可以修复的患者，采用以第一、二掌背动脉为蒂的手背桡侧岛状皮瓣修复是一种疗效较好的手术选择。     

第一掌背动脉皮瓣联合大鱼际皮瓣修复拇指末节皮肤脱套伤

【摘要】目的 探讨第1掌背动脉皮瓣联合大鱼际皮瓣修复拇指末节皮肤套脱伤的疗效。方法 2009年1月至2014年7月,我院对19例拇指末节皮肤套脱伤患者,创面缺损面积在20mm×50mm～30mm×60mm之间,拇指末节皮肤套脱合并甲床缺如13例,皮肤套脱伴甲床残留6例,均采用第1掌背动脉皮瓣联合大鱼际皮瓣进行修复,并观察术后19例拇指功能外形感觉等指标。 结果 本组12例皮瓣术后完全存活;5例术后2～4天皮瓣表面出现水疱,颜色暗红、发紫,间断拆除蒂部旋转点缝线后,皮瓣血运逐渐好转,最终存活良好;2例第1掌背动脉皮瓣尖端皮缘坏死,换药后痂下愈合,无骨外露,所有供区切口均1期愈合。经过3个月随访,手指皮瓣外形良好,指腹皮瓣感觉可,两点辨别觉6～9mm,指背皮瓣无感觉恢复;按照手指总主动活动度(TAM)法评定,优17指,良2指,优良率为100％,按照Michigan手外科问卷评定患者对拇指术后外观的满意度评定,非常满意15例,满意4例. 结论 该术式疗效满意,是治疗拇指末节皮肤套脱伤可行性的一种方法。     

第二趾甲背皮瓣与胫侧皮瓣瓦合修复手指中末节脱套伤

目的 探讨第二趾甲背皮瓣与胫侧皮瓣瓦合修复手指中、末节脱套伤的治疗方法.方法 2008年3月至2011年9月,采用游离足第二趾甲背皮瓣瓦合对侧足第二趾胫侧皮瓣修复手指中、末节脱套伤11例11指,并进行了随访. 结果 术后皮瓣全部成活,经过4～15个月随访,指背侧的趾甲背皮瓣及掌侧的趾胫侧皮瓣无明显萎缩,指腹饱满,指甲生长良好,指体外形良好,指腹感觉恢复满意,2例为S4,5例为S3,3例为S2,1例为S1,全部病例指背均恢复保护性感觉,手指功能正常,足部供区愈合好,无瘢痕增生,行走完全正常. 结论 游离足第二趾甲背皮瓣瓦合对侧足第二趾胫侧皮瓣是修复手指中、末节脱套伤的一种理想方法.     

以第二掌背动脉近、远端为双轴点的掌背部岛状皮瓣

目的　介绍一种改良的第二掌背动脉皮瓣的手术方法和适应证。方法　将以第二掌背动脉起点为轴点的中指背岛状皮瓣 ,改良为带有近、远端二个轴点的第二掌背部岛状皮瓣。远端轴点旋转180°即可使覆盖、斜跨于示指伸肌腱浅面掌背部皮瓣的近端翻至远端 ,延长了该皮瓣自第二掌背动脉起始部至皮瓣远端的距离 ;通过近端轴点的旋转使皮瓣能横向转移至拇指 ,经皮下隧道达到拇指指端。临床修复 7例拇指指端创面 ,皮瓣面积 1cm× 3cm～ 2cm× 5cm ,血管蒂长 6～ 7cm。结果　 7例皮瓣全部成活 ,修复的拇指外形满意、指关节伸屈同健侧。结论　该皮瓣的最佳适应证是修复拇指指端创面。     

The second dorsal metacarpal artery neurovascular island flap

The clinical applications of the second dorsal metacarpal artery island flap are illustrated by selective case reports from a series of 12 consecutive cases carried out in this Unit. In five cases the flap was transferred as a neurovascular island flap for sensory resurfacing of the thumb. There were no failures and no donor site complications. The anatomy and clinical dissection of the flap are described.     

The second dorsal metacarpal artery neurovascular island flap

Eleven patients have had second dorsal metacarpal sensate island flaps used to cover local skin defects in the hand. The arterial supply is reliable but if the flap is extended beyond the proximal interphalangeal joint, distal flap necrosis or donor site difficulties may occur. Possible applications for this flap are demonstrated and some untried variations to increase its range are suggested. Its main use appears to be in the release of first web contractures and for resurfacing radio-palmar and thumb defects.     

Microsurgical second dorsal metacarpal artery cutaneous and tenocutaneous flap for distal finger reconstruction: anatomic study and clinical application

In this paper, we report on the anatomical study of 34 cadaveric forearms with red latex injection and the clinical application of this study to 11 cases of microsurgical second dorsal metacarpal artery (SDMA) flaps. There were 8 cutaneous cases and 3 tenocutaneous cases using SDMA flaps for distal finger reconstruction. The SDMA was classified into 2 types and 4 subtypes according to its anatomical origin and course. Type I (76.5%) originated from the dorsal branch of the radial artery at the snuffbox. Type II (23.5%) originated from the perforating branch of the deep palmar arch at the bases of second and third metacarpal bones. Diameter of the SDMA was 1.2 +/- 0.2 mm at its snuffbox origin, and 1.0 +/- 0.1 mm at the base of the second and third metacarpal bones. Clinically, microsurgical SDMA free flaps were raised and transferred for repair of finger injuries. Ten flaps survived completely. One flap failed due to thrombosis of vascular anastomosis. In conclusion, the second dorsal metacarpal artery is a constant and reliable vessel for microvascular anastomosis in microsurgical SDMA flap transfer. This flap can be used as an alternative for hand and finger reconstruction, and especially repair of a distal phalanx, when either an orthograde or retrograde island SDMA flap is unable to reach the defect.