色素障碍性皮肤病

20 0 4 36 38　全基因组扫描定位遗传性对称性色素异常症易感区域 /高敏 (安徽医大皮研所 )… / /中华皮肤科杂志 .- 2 0 0 3,36 (12 ) .- 6 75～ 6 78用 4 0 2个微卫星标记对 2个遗传性对称性色素异常症 (HSD)家系进行全基因组扫描 ,并利用 Linkage软件和 Cyrillic软件进行连锁和单倍型分析。结果显示 ,HSD为常染色体显性遗传模式 ,外显率为 10 0 %时 ,在1号染色体上的微卫星标记 D1S2 343处获得最大累积LOD积分为 8.85 (重组率θ=0 .10 ) ,其相邻 2个标记D1S2 6 96和 D1S2 345处的最大累积 L OD积分为 4 .6 0(重组率θ=0 .10 )和 8.5 4(重组率θ=0 .0 0 )。单倍型分析将易感区域缩小至 D1S2 6 16和 D1S2 6 35之间 11.6 c M处。认为染色体 1q11- 1q2 1区域存在 HSD易感基因。图 2表 1参 4　 (张江安 )2 0 0 4 36 39　胸腺肽对白癜风患者疗效及对其免疫球蛋白的影响 /李其林 (暨南大学附四院 )… / /中国临床药理学...     

播散性浅表光线性汗孔角化病致病基因的定位

目的 对播散性浅表光线性汗孔角化病(DSAP)的致病基因进行定位。方法 收集一个DSAP家系成员的血样抽提基因组DNA,选用12号染色体长臂上已知致病区域的7个微卫星标记进行基因扫描,并用LINKAGE软件(5.1Version)对基因分型结果进行连锁分析。结果 连锁分析结果发现本家系在微卫星标记D12S79的两点最大LOD值为5.15(θ=0.00)。结论 DSAP致病基因位于12号染色体的长臂上。     

6号染色体上可能存在银屑病易感基因

目的 研究中国人寻常型银屑病与6p21.3区域内的六个微卫星标记和4q上的两个微卫星标记是否连锁,以寻找银屑病易感基因位点。方法 利用选取的微卫星位点作为标记,采用微卫星荧光标记-基因扫描及分型技术,选取205例经确诊并符合寻常型银屑病诊断标准的患者,对其中14个银屑病家系进行连锁分析。结果 在研究的家系中未发现4q上的微卫星标记与银屑病易感基因之间的连锁,而在染色体6p21.3区域存在着与之有连锁关系的微卫星标记位点(在D6S273位点上两点分析最大LOD值为1.26)。结论 本研究表明在中国人银屑病患者中,染色体6p21.3区域可能存在银屑病易感基因。     

一雀斑家系遗传连锁分析

目的 报道1例雀斑及其三代家系，并对其致病基因进行遗传连锁分析。方法 选取位于4q和1号染色体的微卫星标记对该家系进行致病基因定位研究，用ABI3730测序仪进行微卫星标记的基因分型，利用Linkage软件（5.10 Version）和Cyrillic软件（2.01 Version）进行连锁和单倍型分析。结果 该家系在常染色体显性遗传模式下，外显率为99.9%时，排除该家系与4号染色体的连锁，在1号染色体上的微卫星标记D1S2635和D1S2844处获得可能连锁的证据，最大LOD值为1.50（重组率θ = 0.00）。单倍型分析将该家系可能的致病基因定位在微卫星标记D1S2624和D1S2799之间12 Mb区域内。结论 雀斑存在遗传异质性。在该家系中，本病可能的致病基因存在于染色体1q22-q24的21.2 cM区域内。     

播散性浅表汗孔角化病的基因定位

目的 对收集的汉族山东籍一家系6代共254人的播散性浅表汗孔角化病家系进行基因定位,以期识别该病的致病基因。方法 收集家系成员的临床资料及血液样本,抽提外周血基因组DNA,选用382对来自常染色体的荧光标记引物,进行全基因组扫描,用Genescan和Genotyper软件进行基因分型,用Linkage软件包进行连锁分析,初步明确致病基因的区域。然后,在该区域内选择覆盖密度更高的10对引物进行精细定位,缩小致病基因的范围。结果 定位结果发现DSP致病基因与微卫星标记D12S78两点之间LOD值最大,为3.06(重组率θ=0.00)。精细定位后将DSP的致病基因定位于标记物D12S326和D12S79之间约38.5cM区域内。结论 DSP的致病基因位于染色体12q21.2~24.2。     

多发性家族性毛发上皮瘤致病基因的确定

目的 对多发性家族性毛发上皮瘤一家系进行基因定位及候选基因突变检测。方法 共用18对覆盖9p21和16q12-q13的微卫星标记对一个多发性家族性毛发上皮瘤家系进行局部基因组扫描,并用Linkage软件进行两点参数连锁分析,最后PCR扩增CYLD1基因的17个编码外显子及其邻近剪接子并进行双向直接测序。结果 ①两点参数连锁分析在常染色体显性遗传模式下,外显率为99.9%、基因频率0.00001时在D16S3068位点处得出LOD值=3.31(θ=0.00),排除与9号染色体连锁;②突变分析在CYLD1基因第18号外显子出现连续的4个碱基缺失,即c.2355-2358delCAGA。结论 多发性家族性毛发上皮瘤存在着遗传异质性,本家系的致病基因位于16q12-q13,而不在9p21。     

一遗传性单纯少毛症家系的基因定位

目的：确定一遗传性单纯少毛症家系的致病基因。方法：通过定位候选克隆技术，用ABI公司的商品化微卫星标记，进行全基因组扫描，明确致病基因的区域。结果：在微卫星标记D13S217处得到最高IDD值3．74（重组率θ=0．00）。结论：本研究将该遗传性单纯少毛症家系的致病基因定位于13号染色体上。     

Marie Unna遗传性稀毛症的遗传异质性

目的对中国汉族人Marie Unna遗传性稀毛症进行基因组精细定位,从而为进一步找到该病的致病基因奠定基础。方法用覆盖8p21的18个微卫星标记对2个家系进行局部基因组扫描,利用Linkage软件(5.10版)和Cyrillic软件(2.02版)进行连锁和单倍型分析。结果家系1在常染色体显性遗传模式、外显率为99.9％时,在8号染色体上的微卫星标记D8S298和D8S1725处获得LODS(连锁分数)为3.01(θ=0.00)；单倍型分析将其定位于D8S282～D8S1839之间的1.1 cM内。家系2的连锁分析排除与8p21连锁。结论 Marie Unna遗传性稀毛症存在遗传异质性。     

1q31-32存在新的银屑病易感基因

目的:确定染色体1q是否存在中国汉族寻常型银屑病易感基因位点.方法: 用覆盖染色体1q的12个微卫星标记,对36个寻常型银屑病家系共190个个体(包括92例患者与98例正常亲属)进行基因组扫描研究,并用LINKAGE、ETDT及GENEHUNTER软件进行统计处理.结果:①LINKAGE分析示D1S2891的LOD值为1.0750(θ=0.2),支持连锁;②GENEHUNTER示D1S249、D1S2772和D1S2891的NPL值均大于1.6,相应P<0.05;③ETDT示D1S249 170 bp等位基因和D1S413 258 bp等位基因分别优先传递给正常子代.结论: 中国汉族人1q31-32区存在银屑病易感基因.     

遗传性对称性色素异常症一家系致病基因的定位和突变研究

目的 探讨遗传性对称性色素异常症家系的致病基因。方法 明确先证者的临床诊断后,收集该家系成员的血样抽提基因组DNA,应用基因分型和连锁分析的方法进行基因定位,并对该定位区域内DSRAD基因直接测序,分析其突变位点。结果 基因分型和连锁分析将该家系的致病基因定位于1号染色体,和已知报道的区域一致。突变研究发现该家系所有患者的DSRAD基因2号外显子均携带CAA→TAA的突变,使得517位氨基酸由谷氨酰胺变成中止密码子。结论 该遗传性对称性色素异常症家系中的患者存在DSRAD基因的无义突变。     

Identification of a locus for dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria at chromosome 1q11-1q21

Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria is a rare autosomal dominant cutaneous disorder characterized by a mixture of hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules of various sizes on the face and the dorsal aspects of the extremities. The genetic basis for this disease is unknown. We performed a genome-wide search in two large Chinese families to map the chromosome location of the responsible gene. We identified a locus at chromosome 1q11-1q21 with a cumulative maximum two-point LOD score of 8.85 at marker D1S2343 (at recombination fraction=0.00). Haplotype analyses indicated that the disease gene is located within the 11.6 cM region between markers D1S2696 and D1S2635. This is the first locus identified for dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria. This study provides a map location for isolation of a disease gene causing dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria.     

Identification of a locus for punctate palmoplantar keratodermas at chromosome 8q24.13-8q24.21

Punctate palmoplantar keratodermas (PPK) is a rare autosomal dominant cutaneous disorder characterized by numerous hyperkeratotic papules that are irregularly distributed on the palms and soles. The genetic basis for this disease is unknown. We performed a genome-wide search in two Chinese families with punctate PPK to map the chromosome location of the responsible gene. We identified a locus at chromosome 8q24.13-8q24.21 with a cumulative maximum two-point LOD score of 5.41 at markers D8S1793 and D8S1774 (at recombination fraction theta=0.00). Haplotype analysis indicated that the disease gene is located within 9.20 cM region between markers D8S1804 and D8S1720. It is the first locus identified for the punctate PPK. This study provides a map location for isolation of a disease gene-causing punctate PPK.     

Identification of a locus (DSP2) for disseminated superficial porokeratosis at chromosome 12q21.2-24.21

Porokeratosis is a rare disorder of epidermal keratinization that is characterized by the presence of a border called the cornoid lamella. Disseminated superficial porokeratosis (DSP) is a subtype of porokeratosis, which is inherited as an autosomal trait. The first locus for DSP was localized to chromosome 18p11.3, but no causative gene has yet been identified. In this study, we recruited and analysed a large six-generation Chinese family with autosomal dominant DSP. The genome-wide screening identified a maximum two-point LOD score of 3.06 at θ = 0.00 with the microsatellite marker D12S78. Fine mapping and haplotype analysis defined a critical region of 38 Mb between D12S326 and D12S79 on chromosome 12q21.2-24.21, which is a probable second locus identified for DSP (DSP2). We sequenced 50 candidate genes in this region, but no causative mutation was found. This study provides a map location for isolation of a gene causing DSP.     

Identification of a locus for porokeratosis palmaris et plantaris disseminata to a 6.9-cM region at chromosome 12q24.1-24.2

BACKGROUND: Porokeratosis palmaris et plantaris disseminata (PPPD) is a rare autosomal dominant dyskeratotic disorder characterized by a cornoid lamella with parakeratosis, hyperkeratosis and loss of granular layers. The genetic basis of this disease is still unknown. Two loci for disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) were found to be located on 12q23.2-24.1 and 15q25.1-26.1. Both PPPD and DSAP are disseminated types of porokeratosis. OBJECTIVES: To locate the locus for PPPD, thereby facilitating the identification of this disease gene and leading to an understanding of the pathogenesis of porokeratosis. METHODS: Genotyping was performed in a Chinese family with PPPD using polymorphic microsatellite markers on 12q and 15q. RESULTS: The locus for PPPD is located within a 6.9-cM region between markers D12S1613 and D12S1341, with a maximum two-point LOD score of 8.14 (theta = 0.00) at D12S1335. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a map location for isolation of a gene causing PPPD.     

A novel locus (DSAP2) for disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis maps to chromosome 15q25.1-26.1

BACKGROUND: Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) is a chronic cutaneous disorder characterized by multiple superficial keratotic lesions surrounded by a slightly raised keratotic border. It develops in teenagers in sun-exposed areas of skin and usually follows an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. The first locus for DSAP was localized to chromosome 12q23.2-24.1, but no gene responsible for porokeratosis has been identified to date. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether DSAP is a genetically heterogeneous disorder and to identify the disease gene locus in a three-generation Chinese family with DSAP. METHODS: Genetic linkage analysis was carried out in this family using 15 microsatellite markers between D12S1671 and D12S369 on chromosome 12q, followed by a genome-wide scan with 382 microsatellite markers from the autosomes. RESULTS: Genetic linkage analysis with chromosome 12q markers suggested that the locus in this family is not linked to chromosome 12q. A genome-wide scan and fine mapping finally localized the locus for DSAP in this family to a 6.4-cM region between markers D15S1023 and D15S1030 at chromosome 15q25.1-26.1. This DSAP locus was named DSAP2. CONCLUSIONS: The previous results and this study have shown that DSAP is a genetically heterogeneous disorder; a novel locus for DSAP, termed DSAP2, was mapped to a 6.4-cM region between markers D15S1023 and D15S1030.     

The gene for a rare autosomal dominant form of pompholyx maps to chromosome 18q22.1-18q22.3

Pompholyx is a rather common disorder characterized by recurrent crops of vesicles or bullae on the lateral aspects of the fingers, as well as the palms and soles with non-erythematous skin. Until now, very few large families have been reported, so no gene or locus has been identified. Here, we performed a genome-wide search in a large Chinese family to map the chromosome location of the responsible gene. We identified a locus at chromosome 18q22.1-18q22.3 with a maximum two-point LOD score of 3.61 at marker D18S1131 (theta = 0.00). Haplotype analyses indicated that the disease gene is located within 12.07 cM region between markers D18S465 and D18S1362, which corresponds to 8.0 Mb. This is the first locus identified for pompholyx. It will aid future identification of the responsible gene, which will be useful for the understanding of the molecular mechanism of pompholyx.