抗淋巴细胞球蛋白联合环孢菌素A治疗重型再生障碍性贫血

目的:观察抗淋巴细胞球蛋白(ALG)和环孢菌素A(CsA)联合治疗重型再生障碍性贫血(SAA)的疗效. 方法: SAA患者13例,联合使用ALG 10 mg/(kg·d)静脉输注,1～5 d;CsA 3～5 mg/(kg·d)口服,31 d开始使用,疗程3 mo,根据血清肌酐及胆红素浓度调节剂量. 结果: 目前存活患者10例,死亡3例. 治疗1 mo内即有血液学反应,脱离红细胞以及血小板输注的中位时间分别为52 d和44 d. 治疗3 mo血象可以满足基本生活需要. 在治疗期间有少量并发症发生. 结论: ALG联合CsA治疗SAA疗效明显.     

环孢素A联合治疗重型再生障碍性贫血的临床研究

目的 探讨环孢素A( CsA )联合大剂量免疫球蛋白和雄激素治疗重型再生障碍性贫血(SAA)的临床疗效和不良反应.方法 28例重型再生障碍性贫血患者随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组用大剂量免疫球蛋白(HD-IVIG)和雄激素治疗,观察组在对照组治疗的基础上加用 CsA 3~5 mg/(kg·d),分两次口服,疗程不少于6~12个月.结果 两组患者经治疗后观察组总有效率为75%,对照组总有效率为50%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 CsA联合HD-IVIG和雄激素治疗重型再生障碍性贫血是有效的治疗方案,其不但安全可靠,且不良反应少,值得临床推广应用.     

抗淋巴细胞球蛋白联合环孢素A治疗再生障碍性贫血的护理

自70年代以来,免疫抑制剂抗淋巴细胞球蛋白（ALG）联合环孢素A（CsA）应用于再生障碍性贫血（SAA）的治疗,取得了较好的效果。我科自1998年至今对11例SAA施行了ALG联合CsA、雄激素治疗,由于静脉注射ALG后常引起不同程度的血清反应、过敏反应及血小板减少,CsA可引起肝、肾毒性,故在治疗的过程中需采取有效的护理措施,预防不良反应的发生。     

环孢素A与大剂量甲基泼尼松龙、丙种球蛋白联合治疗重型再生障碍性贫血

目的　探讨进一步提高重型再生障碍性贫血 (SAA)疗效的方法。方法　采用雄激素基础上加用环孢素A(CsA)、大剂量甲基泼尼松龙 (HDMP)、大剂量丙种球蛋白 (HDIVIG)治疗SAA 1 8例为实验组 ,并以单用雄激素常规联合方案 1 5例为对照组 ,进行疗效观察。结果　实验组总有效率为 72 .2 % ,对照组为 1 3.3% ,两组比较有极显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1 )。结论　雄激素加CsA、HDMP及HDIVIG联合治疗SAA能提高疗效 ,是安全、简便的方法     

环孢素A治疗儿童难治性肾病综合征临床观察

目的探讨环孢素A(CsA)治疗激素治疗效差的儿童难治性肾病的疗效。方法对临床上应用泼尼松治疗效差的难治性肾病患者加用环孢素A联合治疗,监测治疗前后相关生化指标,并观察药物不良反应。42例患儿中激素抵抗20例,激素依赖12例,频复发10例,CsA剂量3～5mg/(kg·d)疗程9～12个月。结果 24例患儿完全缓解,12例患儿部分缓解,有效率85.7%。结论环孢素A(CsA)联合泼尼松能有效治疗儿童难治性肾病。     

环孢菌素A配合造血生长因子治疗慢性再障临床观察

目的 观察环孢菌素A(CsA)配合造血生长因子重组人粒系集落刺激因子(G-CSF)治疗慢性再生障碍性贫血(CAA)的疗效.方法 对照组20例患者口服CsA5～8.5mg/(kg.d).试验组20例,患者口服CsA5～8.5mg/(kg·d),配合应用G-CsF5-6μg/(kg·d).每周监测试验组CsA血药浓度,使其保持在200～400mg/L的有效范围内.显效后维持有效剂量半年以上.观察患者治疗前后血常规情况.结果 治疗后血常规各项指标均上升,总有效率75%,对照组总有效率50%.结论 环孢素A与造血生长因子联合治疗CAA疗效高.     

抗人胸腺/淋巴细胞球蛋白联合环孢素A治疗儿童重型再生障碍性贫血的临床研究

目的:观察抗人胸腺/淋巴细胞球蛋白(ATG/ALG)联合环孢素A(CSA)免疫抑制疗法治疗儿童重型再生障碍性贫血(SAA)的疗效与安全性。方法:回顾性分析我科2011年5月-2016年3月实施ATG治疗的37例SAA患儿的疗效及不良反应,其中男孩13例,女孩24例。治疗前口服肠道不吸收抗菌药物黄连素及阿莫西林肠道去污染治疗,口服大扶康预防真菌感染,碘伏擦浴清洁皮肤。兔源ATG(法国产)剂量为2.5~3.75mg/Kg/d,猪源ALG(中国产)20~30mg/Kg/d,均连用5天。治疗当天做皮试,即使用ATG/ALG1支的1/10量加在100ml生理盐水中静脉滴注1小时,观察是否发生全身反应或过敏反应。每日使用前使用抗组胺药如非那根0.5mg/Kg,同时经另一通道静脉同步滴注甲泼尼松龙(1~2mg/Kg/d)或氢化可的松(4mg/Kg/d)预防超敏反应及减轻变态反应。结果:ATG/ALG治疗总有效有效率57%(21/37)显效41.5%(15/37)。ATG/ALG不良反应观察结果(1)10例出现轻度过敏反应(2)14例发生血清病(3)13例发生感染(4)未发生ATG治疗相关死亡,(5)无复发病例。结论:ATG/ALG联合环孢素A治疗儿童SAA疗效显著且相对安全。     

环孢素A联合低剂量强的松治疗难治性肾病综合征

目的:研究环孢素A(Cyclosporin A,CsA)联合低剂量强的松治疗难治性肾病综合征的疗效及安全性.方法:难治性肾病综合征的患者25例,在口服强的松0.5 mg/(kg·d)基础上加用CsA 3 mg/(kg·d),疗程12 ～24个月,每月监测血CsA浓度(峰浓度),并根据病情及CsA浓度调整CsA的剂量维持在150～ 200 μg/L,病情缓解后减量(每月减少1 mg/kg),以最小有效剂量维持治疗1年以上,监测患者尿常规、24h尿蛋白定量、血常规、肝功能、肾功能、血尿酸、血脂及血糖等指标.结果:CsA联合低剂量强的松治疗后24个月患者24 h尿蛋白显著减少,血浆白蛋白明显升高,治疗总有效率84％.结论:CsA联合低剂量强的松可有效治疗难治性肾病综合征,具有较好的治疗安全性.     

环胞霉素A联合雄激素治疗成人再生障碍性贫血

目的探讨环胞霉素A(cyclosporinA ,CsA)联合雄激素治疗成人再生障碍性贫血 (再障 )的疗效。 方法46例再障患者均予雄激素 (康力龙、安雄 )治疗。联合治疗组同时服用CsA ,其中常规剂量CsA组 (8～ 12mg/kg·d)10例 ,小剂量CsA组 (2 .5～ 5mg/kg·d) 13例。 结果联合治疗组基本治愈 5例 ,缓解 5例 ,明显进步 6例 ,无效 7例 ,总有效率为 6 9.2 3%,雄激素组分别为 1例、3例、4例、15例 ,34 .78%,P <0 .0 5 ;小剂量CsA组与常规剂量CsA组各级疗效及总有效率基本接近 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,且毒副反应明显低于常规剂量组。结论CsA联合雄激素治疗成人再障安全、疗效好 ;小剂量CsA与常规剂量CsA具有同样疗效 ,且更安全、经济、简便。     

环孢素A治疗小儿重型再生障碍性贫血的疗效

目的探讨环孢素A(CsA)治疗小儿重型再生障碍性贫血(Severe Aplastic Anemia)的临床及治疗前后CD4+/CD8+的变化。方法应用CsA2~5 mg/(kg.d)口服3次/d。结果对照组有效率40.00%,治疗组有效率74.29%,治疗后有效者中CD4+/CD8+较治疗前有所恢复,CsA副作用较轻,不影响治疗。结论CsA联合治疗SAA疗效显著,值得临床应用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.