Masked Ph chromosome due to a new type of translocation in a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia

A chronic myelogenous leukemia patient with a masked Ph chromosome due to a new type of translocation, t(9;11;22)(q34;p11;q11), is reported.     

A unique, complex variant philadelphia chromosome translocation in a patient with typical chronic myelogenous leukemia

The Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome [der(22) t(9;22)(q34;q11)] is the characteristic chromosomal abnormality found in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). This chromosome has been reported in patients with other chromosomal abnormalities. In this study, we describe a patient with hematologically typical chronic-phase CML with an unusual and complex translocation involving chromosomes 9, 11, and 22. These complex translocations were identified by G-banded conventional cytogenetics and confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using whole chromosome painting probes (wcp). To the best of our knowledge, these are unique translocations involving the short and the long arms of chromosome 9 in 4 different translocations with the short arm of chromosome 11 and the long arm of chromosome 22.     

The Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome in leukemia. III. Complex Ph translocation plus inversion in chronic myelocytic leukemia

Remarkable chromosome abnormalities were observed in bone marrow cells from a woman with chronic myelocytic leukemia and atypical tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection. Four chromosome breaks occurred at bands 1p13, 1q32, 11p15, and 22q11. These breaks resulted in a complex Philadelphia (Ph) translocation between chromosomes #1, #11, and #22 and in an inversion of chromosome #1. Oncogenes on these chromosomes include N-ras and c-sk on chromosome #1, c-H-ras on chromosome #11, and c-sis on chromosome #22. Complex chromosome rearrangements may facilitate multiple oncogene changes, thereby permitting several steps in cancer development to occur simultaneously.     

Complex translocation involving chromosomes #1, #9, and #22 in a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia

A case of Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myelogenous leukemia with a complex translocation involving chromosomes #1, #9, and #22 is described. All cells in the bone marrow showed this rearrangement, and Q-banding analysis showed the predominant karyotype to be 46,XY, t(1;9;22)(p22;q34;q11).     

Complex Ph1 translocation in chronic myeloid leukemia

This report describes a new case of chronic myeloid leukemia with an unusual Philadelphia chromosome translocation involving chromosomes No. 4,9, and 22; t(4,9,22) (q31;q34;q11).     

A new translocation involving chromosomes 8 and 9 in a Philadelphia-negative chronic myelogenous leukemia

A new case is presented displaying typical features of the stable phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), with a complex translocation involving chromosomes 8q and 9q. Cytogenetic evaluation revealed an abnormal karyotype, 46,XY,t(8;9)(q22;q34). Both chromosomes 22 were found to be cytogenetically normal. After molecular evaluation the cytogenetic diagnosis was revised to 46,XY,t(8;9;22)(q22;q34;q11). The importance of the chimeric abl/bcr gene fusion product in the pathogenesis of CML is suggested as a characteristic feature, even in some patients with a so-called Philadelphia (Ph) negative CML. Utilization of molecular probes in the evaluation of such cases must become a routine diagnostic procedure. Our patient received the potential benefit of Ph-positive directed therapy because of the present approach.     

Erythrocytosis and complex Ph translocation 46,XY,t(9;11;22) in a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia

A case of chronic myelogenous leukemia in the chronic phase with erythrocytosis and a complex Ph translocation is described. The karyotype was 46,XY,t(9;11;22)(q34;q13;q11). The granulocytic and erythroid overgrowth was controlled by busulfan therapy.     

Trisomy 11 in a patient with Ph-negative chronic myelogenous leukemia

A case of Ph-negative chronic myelogenous leukemia associated with functional reduction of platelets is described. Bone marrow cells examined in the blastic phase showed a stem line karyotype of 47,XY,+11.     

伴变异型Ph易位的慢性髓细胞白血病的分子遗传学研究

目的探讨荧光原位杂交（fluorescence in situ hybridization，FISH）及多重荧光原位杂交（multiplex FISH．M-FISH）技术在检测伴变异型Ph易位（variant philadelphia translocation，vPh）的慢性髓细胞自血病（chronic myeloid leukemia，CML）中遗传学改变的意义。方法对10例常规R显带显示伴vPh的CML以双色双融合FISH技术检测其染色体标本。对于间期细胞中仅有单个融合信号的标本，观察其中期细胞，以确定是否为衍生9号染色体[der（9）]缺失。同时对这10例CML进行M—FISH技术检测。结果FISH技术在10例伴vPh的CML中检测到5例存在der（9）缺失。M—FISH检测到除22号染色体外，1、3、5、6、8、10、11和17号染色体也参与vPh，发现了常规细胞遗传学未发现的异常，包括2种未见报道的异常。结论对伴vPh的CML联合使用常规细胞遗传学、FISH、M—FISH技术可使遗传学诊断更加完善。     

Chronic myelogenous leukemia with a complex translocation

A case of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph¹)-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) with a complex translocation involving chromosomes #3, #9, and #22 is described. All cells in the bone marrow showed this rearrangement and Q-banding analysis showed the karyotype to be 46, XX, t(3;9;22) (p21;q34;q11). This is the third reported case of a 3/9/22 rearrangement in the Ph¹-positive CML in which the break points and direction of transposition of chromosome segments are identical.     

Complex Ph translocations in chronic myeloid leukemia

Monosomy for chromosome 5 or a portion of the long arm is a common finding in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), especially when the disorder is therapy related [1,2]. If only a portion of chromosome 5 is missing, the loss is usually accomplished by interstitial deletion of various bands, most frequently q12-14 to q31-33 [3]. Occasionally monosomy for 5q is the result of a translocation between chromosome 5 and another chromosome, with the loss of the derivative chromosome that contains 5q. A previously described unbalanced translocation involves chromosome 7: [der(5)t(5;7)(q11.2;p11.2)] and appears to be a recurring abnormality in these disorders [4]. We report here one case of therapy related MDS, one case of MDS which may be therapy related, and two cases of MDS with another "variant" 5q - abnormality, namely a derivative chromosome 3 composed of most of the short arm of chromosome 5 and the long arm of chromosome 3: [der(3)t(3;5)(?p11;?p11)].     

Out-of-phase separation of a G-group chromosome in a woman with chronic myelogenous leukemia

This report describes a case of out-of-phase (premature) centromere separation of a G-group chromosome in bone marrow cells of a woman with Ph1-negative, chronic myelogenous leukemia. Attention is drawn to the occurrence of this new cytogenetic anomaly in human disease.     

Complex cytogenetic changes in Ph-negative chronic myelogenous leukemia

A Ph-negative chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) with t(3;7)(q21;q32), t(4;9)(q21;q34), and del(8)(q22) is reported. This case is rather unusual for Ph-negative CML in being associated with complex chromosome changes. The patient was diagnosed as in the accelerated phase of CML. It will be important to study this malignant disorder in detail cytogenetically and molecularly in order to ascertain its nature and place among the myeloproliferative disorders.     

Breakpoint cluster region rearrangements in chronic myelogenous leukemia with a masked Philadelphia chromosome

Cytogenetic and molecular analyses were performed in a case of chronic myelogenous leukemia. The cytogenetic study revealed that the leukemic cells of this patient contained a three-way translocation involving chromosomes #5, #9, and #22, resulting in a masked Philadelphia chromosome; the karyotype of the leukemic cells was 46,XY,t(5;22;9)(q31;q11;q34). Southern blot analysis of leukemic cell DNA was performed using a 1.1 kb HindIII-EcoRI breakpoint cluster region (bcr) probe. The results showed that BglII digested DNA showed two abnormal bcr fragments (i.e., 5.2 kb and 2.7 kb) in contrast to the results with DNA from two patients with a standard Ph chromosome [t(9;22)(q34;q11)] who showed one normal 5.0-kb bcr fragment in addition to altered fragments of about 4.3 kb or 4.0 kb. Bam HI digests of DNA from the leukemic cells of the patient with the masked Ph chromosome showed two bands (3.3 kb and 6.5 kb), whereas, DNA from the two patients with standard Ph translocations showed only a 3.3-kb bcr fragment. The results indicate that the molecular events in a masked Ph affect the bcr locus in a manner similar to that seen in standard Ph chromosomes.     

Patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia and late appearing Philadelphia chromosome

The sixth example of a late appearing Ph¹ chromosome in a patient with typical chronic myelogenous leukemia is the subject of the present report. Knowledge of the true frequency of this apparently rare event awaits systematic longitudinal cytogenetic studies of patients with Ph¹-negative CML.     

Variant Philadelphia chromosome translocations in two patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia

Two patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia and new variant Philadelphia chromosome translocations are reported. In one case, a 41-year-old male, a 10;22 translocation was found in all bone marrow cells examined. Furthermore, the Y chromosome was missing in 90% of the analyzed metaphase cells. In the second patient, a 22-year-old male, all the marrow cells contained a complex rearrangement involving chromosomes No. 2, 9, and 22.