食管癌组织hMSH2 mRNA的表达和启动子区甲基化

目的:检测食管癌组织中hMSH2 mRNA的表达和启动子区甲基化异常. 方法:食管癌标本及相应正常食管黏膜组织32例. 原位杂交法检测hMSH2 mRNA的表达,甲基化特异PCR(MSP)法检测错配修复基因hMSH2启动子区甲基化. 结果:食管癌组织中hMSH2 mRNA阳性表达率为46.9%,正常组织为84.4%(P＜0.05). hMSH2 mRNA阳性表达率与食管癌患者年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、肿瘤位置、病理类型、组织学分级、淋巴结转移、浸润深度等均无关(P＞0.05). 食管癌组织中hMSH2启动子区甲基化发生率为34.4%,正常食管黏膜组织未发现甲基化,2组甲基化阳性率相比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);高龄患者(≥70岁)癌组织中hMSH2启动子区甲基化发生率(85.7%)明显高于较低龄患者(＜70岁)(20.0%)(P＜0.05);病理组织学Ⅲ,Ⅳ级食管癌组织中hMSH2启动子区甲基化发生率(70.0%)高于Ⅰ,Ⅱ级(18.2%)(P＜0.05). 食管癌组织中hMSH2 mRNA阳性组启动子区甲基化的发生率(13.3%)低于hMSH2 mRNA表达阴性组(53.0%)(P＜0.05). 结论:hMSH2的表达缺失是食管癌发生的早期事件;食管癌组织中hMSH2基因启动子区甲基化与患者年龄和肿瘤病理类型可能有关;hMSH2基因的失活与其甲基化有一定关系.     

食管鳞状细胞癌组织中hMLH1、hMSH2及P53蛋白的表达

目的:检测食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)组织中错配修复基因hMLH1、hMSH2及P53的表达.方法:采用免疫组织化学SP法检测62例ESCC组织、31例癌旁不典型增生组织及62例正常食管黏膜组织中hMLH1、hMSH2及P53蛋白的表达.结果:ESCC组织、癌旁不典型增生组织与正常食管黏膜组织中hMLH1的阳性表达率分别为27.4%,58.1%及88.7%,hMSH2的阳性表达率分别为32.3%,51.6%及91.9%, P53的阳性表达率分别为79.0%,54.8%及35.5%,3种组织中hMLH1、hMSH2及P53的阳性表达率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).ESCC组织中hMLH1、hMSH2及P53的表达与分化程度、浸润深度及有无淋巴结转移有关(P均＜0.05);hMLH1、hMSH2阳性表达者P53的阳性率均低于hMLH1、hMSH2阴性表达者.结论:ESCC组织中存在hMLH1与hMSH2的低表达及P53的高表达,3者可能在食管癌的浸润、转移及黏膜上皮癌变过程中起重要作用.     

膀胱尿路上皮癌组织survivin、Cyclin D1、hMSH2表达水平及其预测术后复发的价值

目的探讨膀胱尿路上皮癌(BUC)组织生存素(survivin)、细胞周期蛋白D1(Cyclin D1)、错配修复基因2(hMSH2)表达水平及其预测术后复发的价值。方法选取河南省舞钢市人民医院2020年2月至2022年1月收治的80例(均完成1年随访)接受手术治疗的BUC为研究对象,术中留取癌组织(BUC组)及相应的癌旁组织(对照组,距离癌缘2.5 cm)。比较两组不同病理学参数癌组织survivin、Cyclin D1、hMSH2表达水平,分析癌组织survivin、Cyclin D1、hMSH2表达水平对术后复发的预测价值。结果与对照组相比,BUC组癌组织survivin、Cyclin D1阳性表达率较高,hMSH2阳性表达率较低(P<0.05);与未复发患者相比,复发患者癌组织survivin、Cyclin D1表达水平明显升高,hMSH2表达水平明显降低(P<0.05);癌组织survivin、Cyclin D1表达水平比较:G_(2/3)级高于G_(1)级,T_(2)~T_(4)期高于Tis~T_(1)期,有淋巴结转移高于无淋巴结转移(P<0.05);癌组织hMSH2表达水平比较:G_(2/3)级低于G_(1)级,T_(2)~T_(4)期低于Tis~T_(1)期,有淋巴结转移低于无淋巴结转移(P<0.05);癌组织survivin、Cyclin D1表达水平与肿瘤分级、肿瘤分期、淋巴结转移、复发呈正相关(P<0.05);癌组织hMSH2表达水平与肿瘤分级、肿瘤分期、淋巴结转移、复发呈负相关(P<0.05);ROC曲线显示,癌组织survivin、Cyclin D1、hMSH2表达水平联合预测BUC患者术后复发的敏感度、特异度较高(P<0.05)。结论癌组织survivin、Cyclin D1、hMSH2表达水平可为临床评估BUC患者病情状况提供依据,并能有效预测术后复发风险,为临床早期制定防治措施起到指导作用。     

HER2和β-catenin在食管癌中表达的临床病理意义

目的 观察HER2和β-catenin在食管癌中的表达,并探讨其临床意义。方法以2013年10月~2014年10月在本院接受治疗的食管癌患者为观察对象,且同一病例的食管癌切除标本包括癌组织和5 cm以外的癌旁组织。观察HER2和β-catenin在癌组织和癌旁组织中的阳性表达率,比较不同临床病理特征的食管癌患者的HER2和β-catenin表达情况,分析HER2和β-catenin表达与患者预后的关系。结果HER2在癌组织中的阳性表达率高于癌旁正常组织,而β-catenin在癌组织中的阳性表达率低于癌旁正常组织(P<0.05);中低分化、淋巴结转移、浸润深度为T3＋T4、TNM分期为Ⅲ+Ⅳ期以及死亡的食管癌患者其癌组织中的HER2阳性表达率较高,而不同年龄、性别的患者HER2阳性表达率无明显差别;中低分化、淋巴结转移、浸润深度为T3＋T4、TNM分期为Ⅲ+Ⅳ期以及死亡的食管癌其癌组织中的β-catenin阳性表达率较低,而不同年龄、性别的患者β-catenin阳性表达率无明显差别;HER2阳性表达率与患者生存率呈明显负相关,而β-catenin阳性表达率与患者生存率呈明显正相关(r=0.346、0.452,P<0.05)。结论HER2在食管癌患者中高表达,β-catenin在食管癌患者中低表达,且与患者预后密切相关。     

MUC1和MUC5AC表达水平与食管癌预后的相关性

目的探讨黏蛋白1(MUC1)和黏蛋白5AC(MUC5AC)在食管癌中的表达及临床意义。方法选择2014年11月至2017年2月在本院进行肿瘤切除手术的食管癌患者51例作为研究对象,其中38例患者癌旁存在正常食管组织,分别分离患者肿瘤组织和癌旁正常组织。采用蛋白质免疫印迹和组织化学染色法分别检测MUC1和MUC5AC在肿瘤组织和正常组织中的表达水平,分析肿瘤组织中MUC1和MUC5AC表达水平与食管癌患者临床病理特征及预后的关系。结果 MUC1主要在肿瘤组织细胞核表达,在正常组织细胞膜和少量细胞核表达,其在肿瘤组织中相对表达量和阳性表达率均显著高于正常组织(P0.05);MUC5AC主要在正常组织细胞膜表达,在肿瘤组织细胞质微弱表达,其在肿瘤组织中相对表达量和阳性表达率均显著低于正常组织(P0.05);患者MUC1表达在T分期、淋巴结是否转移、肿瘤分化程度方面差异有统计学意义(P0.05),MUC5AC表达在淋巴结是否转移方面差异有统计学意义(P0.05);MUC1阳性表达患者5年死亡率显著高于阴性表达患者(P0.05),MUC5AC阳性表达患者5年死亡率显著低于阴性表达患者(P0.05);淋巴结转移、肿瘤分化程度、MUC1阳性表达和MUC5AC阴性表达是影响患者预后的危险因素。结论食管癌患者肿瘤组织中MUC1和MUC5AC表达水平与患者预后有关,可作为评估患者预后的生物学指标。     

胃癌发生过程中DNA修复蛋白表达的意义

[目的]探讨错配修复蛋白hMSH2、损伤直接逆转蛋白MGMT、同源重组修复蛋白XRCC2和XRCC3蛋白表达在胃癌诊断中的意义及用于胃癌预警的可能性.[方法]免疫组织化学(SP)法检测56例胃癌患者的癌组织(癌组)、癌旁黏膜上皮(癌旁组)与30例非肿瘤患者(正常组)胃黏膜上皮hMSH2、MGMT、XRCC2及XRCC3蛋白表达情况.[结果]胃癌、癌旁与正常组hMSH2蛋白阳性表达率为76.8%(43/56)、33.9%(19/56)与33.3%(10/30),胃癌组明显高于癌旁和正常组(P<0.05).MGMT蛋白阳性表达率分别为26.8%(15/56)、32.1% (18/56)与73.3%(22/30),胃癌组和癌旁组明显低于正常组(P<0.05);XRCC2蛋白阳性表达率分别为32.1%(18/56)、3.6% (2/56)与0%(0/30),胃癌组明显高于癌旁和正常组(P<0.05);XRCC3蛋白阳性表达率分别为76.8%(43/56)、35.7% (20/56)与36.7%(11/30),胃癌组明显高于癌旁和正常组(P<0.05).粘液癌、低分化与高中分化癌组hMSH2蛋白阳性表达率分别为62.5%(10/16)、76.9%(20/26)与85.7%(12/14); MGMT分别为12.5%(2/16)、34.6%(9/26)与28.6%(4/14);XRCC2分别为18.8%(3/16)、42.3%(11/26)与 28.5%(4/14);XRCC3分别为56.3%(9/16)、84.6%(22/26)与85.7%(12/14),这些蛋白表达在各组间差异无显著性意义(P>0.05).胃癌组织中hMSH2阳性组和阴性组MGMT蛋白阳性表达率分别为34.9%(15/43)和 0%(0/13),两种蛋白表达明显正相关(r＝0.333,P<0.05).[结论]hMSH2、MGMT、XRCC2及XRCC3蛋白的异常表达说明胃癌中存在多种形式的DNA损伤.检测它们的表达会有助于诊断和预警胃癌.     

Notch1、Jagged1在肝细胞癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨Notch1、Jagged1在肝细胞癌组织中的表达及临床意义。方法选择2010年3月～2012年6月手术治疗并经病理证实为肝细胞癌的患者35例,每例患者均取癌组织及癌旁组织（距癌组织2～3 cm处）,其中肝细胞癌组织35例,癌旁肝硬化组织13例,癌旁正常肝组织22例。采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测Notch1mRNA、Jagged1 mRNA在肝细胞癌组织、癌旁肝硬化组织及癌旁正常肝组织中的表达;免疫组织化学染色法检测Notch1、Jagged1蛋白的表达,并分析两种蛋白的表达与肝细胞癌临床病理特征的关系。结果①肝细胞癌组织中Notch1 mRNA、Jagged1 mRNA的表达分别为（4.58±0.77）、（4.96±0.87）,显著高于癌旁正常肝组织,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;与癌旁肝硬化组织[（1.16±0.37）、（1.42±0.58）]比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;而癌旁正常肝组织与癌旁肝硬化组织比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。②肝细胞癌组织中,Notch1、Jagged1的阳性表达率分别为71.4%（25/35）、68.6%（24/35）;癌旁正常肝组织中,Notch1、Jagged1的阳性表达率分别为36.4%（8/22）、40.9%（9/22）;癌旁肝硬化组织中,Notch1、Jagged1的阳性表达率分别为30.8%（4/13）、30.8%（4/13）。Notch1、Jagged1的阳性表达率在肝细胞癌组织中明显高于癌旁正常肝组织（χ^2otch1=6.81,χ^2agged1=4.24,P〈0.05）及肝硬化组织（χ^2otch1=6.55,χ^2agged1=5.57,P〈0.05）。Notch1、Jagged1的阳性表达率在癌旁正常肝组织与肝硬化组织间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。Spearman相关分析显示,肝细胞癌组织中Notch1的表达与Jagged1的表达呈正相关（r=0.38,P〈0.05）。③Notch1、Jagged1蛋白的阳性表达率与患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤直径、数目、有无癌栓形成无关（P〉0.05）;与有无淋巴结转移、病理分级密切相关。有淋巴结转移者Notch1、Jagged1阳性表达率高于无淋巴结转移者;低分化癌组织Notch1、Jagged1的阳性表达率明显高于中高分化癌组织,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 Notch信号通路中Notch1、Jagged1对肝细胞癌的发生发展起促进作用,可为判断临床预后提供参考价值。     

DNA错配修复基因hMSH2蛋白表达与胃癌发生关系的探讨

[目的]探讨DNA错配修复基因hMSH2蛋白表达与胃癌发生以及不同病理类型之间的关系.[方法]应用免疫组化技术检测hMSH2基因在38例胃癌患者的癌组织及其癌旁组织的蛋白表达.[结果]癌细胞阳性表达率(52.63%)明显高于癌旁上皮细胞(23.68%)(P＜0.05);同例中癌细胞和癌旁上皮细胞均表达的为15.79%,同例癌细胞表达而癌旁上皮细胞不表达的例数(14/38)明显多于癌旁上皮细胞表达而癌细胞不表达的例数(3/38)(P＜0.05);高中分化腺癌、低分化腺癌和粘液癌表达阳性率分别为33.33%、52.63%、和70%.[结论]DNA错配修复基因hMSH2蛋白表达与胃癌发生密切相关.     

食管、贲门癌组织中P-糖蛋白与多药耐药相关蛋白的表达

目的:检测食管癌、贲门癌组织中P-糖蛋白(P-gp)和多药耐药相关蛋白(MRP)的表达.方法:应用免疫组化方法检测50例食管癌、50例贲门癌及各自相应癌旁正常组织中P-gp和MRP的表达.结果:食管癌与相应癌旁正常组织中P-gp的阳性表达率分别为2%,2%,而MRP为76%和42%;贲门癌与相应癌旁正常组织中P-gp的阳性表达率为54%,30%,而MRP为42%与20%.食管癌组织中MRP的表达、贲门癌组织中P-gp和MRP的表达均高于相应癌旁组织(P＜0.05).MRP与食管癌的分化程度有关,P-gp与MRP与贲门癌的分化程度有关(P均＜0.05).2者与食管癌或贲门癌的浸润深度、淋巴结转移均无关(P＞0.05).食管贲门癌组织中MRP与P-gp的表达无相关性(rs=0.173,P＞0.05).结论:食管癌的多药耐药与MRP有关;而贲门癌的多药耐药则为P-gp和MRP共同参与.P-gp和MRP可反映食管贲门癌的分化程度,但不能反映其浸润和转移等生物学特征.     

Omi/HtrA2和Caspase-9在食管癌中的表达及与凋亡的关系

目的探讨在食管鳞癌中Omi/HtrA2、Caspase-9蛋白的表达及其与癌细胞凋亡的关系。方法采用免疫组化SP法对80例经病理确诊为食管鳞癌病例的正常组织、癌旁组织及癌组织进行Omi/HtrA2和Caspase-9蛋白免疫组化分析。采用TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡水平,并分析食管癌中Omi/HtrA2和Caspase-9的表达及其与肿瘤细胞凋亡的关系。结果 1 Omi/HtrA2、Caspase-9在食管鳞癌组织阳性表达率分别为76.25%、58.75%,在癌旁组织中的阳性表达率分别为27.50%、72.50%,在正常组织中的阳性表达率分别为22.50%、85.00%;Omi/HtrA2、Caspase-9在食管鳞癌组织中的阳性表达率与其在癌旁组织、正常组织中蛋白的阳性表达率分别进行比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);癌旁组织与正常组织的Omi/HtrA2和Caspase-9蛋白阳性表达率进行比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。2 Omi/HtrA2蛋白表达阳性组癌细胞凋亡指数(18.186±1.331)‰,明显高于阴性组凋亡指数(5.108±1.783)‰(P0.01);Caspase-9蛋白表达阳性组细胞凋亡指数为(17.763±0.675)‰,明显高于阴性组细胞凋亡指数(11.619±0.712)‰(P0.05)。结论 Omi/HtrA2在食管癌中高表达,而Caspase-9在食管癌中低表达,两者在促进食管癌细胞凋亡中有相反的调节作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.