尿干化学分析与尿液沉渣检查对尿路感染诊断价值的比较

目的:探讨尿路感染(UTI)检验的较好方法。方法:以UTI诊断的金标准为参照,对124例UTI住院患者中段尿进行尿干化学分析和尿沉渣WBC计数检验,并作对比分析。结果:尿沉渣镜检的灵敏度、阴性预计值、准确率分别为79.6%、88.5%、81.7%,而尿液干化学分析亚硝酸盐(NIT)或WBC的灵敏度、阴性预计值、准确率分别为63.3%、81.2%、76.8%。结论:在UTI的尿筛查试验中,尿沉渣镜检WBC计数比尿干化学分析NIT、WBC的诊断价值为优。     

The comprehensive examination of patients with recurrent calcium nephrolithiasis]

Hypercalciuria is one of the main causes of recurrent generation of urinary calcium-containing calculi. 107 patients with recurrent calcium nephrolithiasis were examined and results presented. Concentrations of potassium, sodium, chlorides, calcium, phosphorus, uric acid and creatinine were investigated in serum and urine, as well as indices of acid-base balance in arterial blood. pH-metry, "preliminary" and oral calcium tolerance test were also carried out. The microcomputer data analysis established that the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism may be identified in case of increased serum calcium level before and after calcium load test, the same of parathyroid, and increased urinary cAMP excretion. Renal hypercalciuria is characterized by low blood calcium level in both periods of the oral test, high basal calciuria, increased urinary cAMP excretion and its slight decrease after the oral calcium load test, by a tendency to lower serum magnesium levels in high magnesuria. The patients with absorptive hypercalciuria had an upper normal or increased blood calcium level, a significant calcemic and calciuric "response" to the calcium load, reduction in urinary cAMP elimination and more severe decrease (close to 0) of these indices after oral calcium load and normal magnesium levels in blood and urine. On a base of the "preliminary" test data the patients with relapsing calcium nephrolithiasis and metabolic disorders may be differed from those without calcium and phosphorus metabolic deteriorations. The "preliminary" test defines indications for the oral calcium tolerance test, automatic diagnosis and computer data storage facilitate physician to work and to solve problems of the patients' survey.     

Bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma metastatic to kidney. Detection by urine sediment cytology.

A fifty-seven-year-old man with bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma is described. There was clinical suspicion of metastatic involvement of the kidneys. Urine sediment cytology revealed neoplastic squamous cells consistent with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. Subsequent autopsy confirmed the renal involvement. In the right kidney the tumor had invaded and breached the renal pelvic wall. It is suggested that urine sediment cytology should be considered a useful diagnostic procedure in this clinicopathologic setting.