结核杆菌（TB）PCR荧光诊断试剂盒的临床应用

目的：探讨半定量ＴＢ－ＰＣＲ荧光探针诊断试剂盒的临床应用价值。方法 以双盲法对１１５例结核病和５９例非结核病人的痰标本进行厚涂片抗酸染色检查、结核菌培养、荧光探针ＴＢ－ＰＣＲ检查对比。结果：三种方法检测的敏感性分别为３２．２％，５９．１％，７１．３％，荧光探针ＴＢ－ＰＣＲ法的敏感性显著高于培养法和涂片法（Ｐ〈０．０１和Ｐ〈０．０５）。特异性分别为９３．２％、９１．５％、９４．９％，差异无显著性。结     

脑脊液和血液标本LAM-IgG检测实验诊断结核性脑膜炎

目的 了解检测脑脊液和血液抗阿拉伯糖甘露糖脂G抗体（LAM—IgG）诊断结核性脑膜炎的应用价值。方法 结核性脑膜炎患者（结脑组）和非结核性中枢神经系统疾病患者（对照组）为检测对象，采集血液和脑脊液为检测标本，应用斑点免疫金渗滤试验技术检测LAM—IgG。结果 LAM—IgG阳性结果，结脑组（110例）血液83例、脑脊液56例；对照组（40例）无阳性结果。LAM—IgG指标诊断结核性脑膜炎的特异性为100％，其敏感性分别为脑脊液50．9％、血液75．4％。结论 应用LAM—IgG指标诊断结核性脑膜炎的特异性高，敏感性也明显高于常规指标，具有常规应用价值。     

不同分子检测方法在肺结核诊断中的应用评估

摘要：目的 探讨不同分子检测方法在肺结核诊断中的应用价值。 方法 回顾性选取 ２０１９ 年 １ 月至 ２０２０ 年 １２ 月南京市第 二医院收治的住院患者 ２９３ 例，依据最终临床诊断分为肺结核组 １７１ 例，非结核肺病组 １２２ 例。 所有患者均采集痰液标本，进 行痰抗酸染色涂片、ＢＡＣＴＥＣ ＭＧＩＴ ９６０ 分枝杆菌快速培养、荧光定量 ＰＣＲ（ＦＱ?ＰＣＲ）检测结核分枝杆菌 ＤＮＡ、结核分枝杆菌 ＲＮＡ 恒温扩增检测技术（ＳＡＴ?ＴＢ）和结核分枝杆菌／ 利福平耐药实时荧光定量核酸扩增检测技术（Ｘｐｅｒｔ ＭＴＢ／ ＲＩＦ）检测。 结 果 ２９３ 例患者中，最终临床诊断肺结核 １７１ 例，非结核肺病 １２２ 例；痰涂片总阳性 ７０ 例（２３．８９％），其中有 １３ 例经菌种鉴定 为非结核分枝杆菌；快速培养总阳性 ７０ 例（２３．８９％），ＳＡＴ?ＴＢ 总阳性 ５６ 例（１９．１１％），ＦＱ?ＰＣＲ 总阳性 ７５ 例（２５．６０％），Ｘｐｅｒｔ ＭＴＢ／ ＲＩＦ 总阳性 ８５ 例（２９．０１％）；５ 种方法的敏感性分别为 ３３．３３％、４０．９４％、４３．８６％、３２．７５％、４９．７１％，痰涂片的特异性和阳性 预测值为 ８９．３４％、８１．４３％，其余方法均达 １００％，其中 Ｘｐｅｒｔ ＭＴＢ／ ＲＩＦ 和临床诊断一致性最高（Ｋａｐｐａ ＝ ０．４５１）；１７１ 例肺结核患 者中，痰涂片阴性 １１４ 例（ ６６． ６７％），培养阴性 １０１ 例（ ５９． ０６％）；涂阳培阴肺结核 ８ 例（ ４． ６８％）、涂阳培阳肺结核 ４９ 例 （２８．６５％）、涂阴培阳肺结核 １９ 例（１１．１１％）、涂阴培阴肺结核 ９５ 例（５５．５６％），Ｘｐｅｒｔ ＭＴＢ／ ＲＩＦ 在涂阳培阴肺结核、涂阳培阳肺 结核、涂阴培阳肺结核、涂阴培阴肺结核 ４ 组患者中的阳性检出率均最高（３７．５％、９７．９６％、７８．９５％、１７．８９％）。 结论 Ｘｐｅｒｔ ＭＴＢ／ ＲＩＦ 具有较高的阳性检出率、敏感性和特异性，与临床诊断的一致性较好，在肺结核诊断中具有较高的应用价值，适合推 广使用。     

PCR法和14C呼气试验检测幽门螺杆菌的比较

用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）和１４Ｃ呼气试验（１４Ｃ－ＵＢＴ）对６６例上消化道疾病患者进行幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｐ）检测，结果ＰＣＲ检出率为６９．７％，１４Ｃ－ＵＢＴ检出率为７１．２％，ＰＣＲ、１４Ｃ－ＵＢＴ两种方法诊断Ｈｐ感染的敏感性均为１００％，特异性分别为９５．２％和９０．５％，精确性分别为９８．５％和９７．０％；慢性萎缩性胃炎和慢性浅表性胃炎Ｈｐ检出率分别为７７．８％和６５．０％，两者无显著性差异；Ｈｐ感染无性别差异。研究结果表明，１４Ｃ－ＵＢＴ和采用自制的采样器获取胃粘膜组织进行ＰＣＲ检测Ｈｐ均具有非创伤性、简便、高敏感性和特异性的优点，后者还可进行Ｈｐ细胞毒株和非细胞毒株的区分，克服了１４Ｃ－ＵＢＴ具有一定的放射性和使用有毒试剂的缺点     

聚合酶链反应与细胞培养法诊断泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体感染的比较研究

为评价聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）在诊断泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体感染中的实用性，对５７６份来自不同感染率人群的尿道、宫颈拭子标本进行ＰＣＲ和细胞培养检测衣原体的比较，参照“扩大的金标准”，ＰＣＲ和培养法的敏感性分别为１００％、９７．０％和８６．４％、８７．９％，特异性分别为９８．５％、９９．７％和１００％，ＰＣＲ的阳性预测值（ＰＰＶ）和阴性预测值（ＮＰＶ）分别为９５．７％、９７．０％和１００％、９９．７％。表明在沙眼衣原体检测中，ＰＣＲ具有极好的敏感性和特异性，可替代培养法。     

HpaⅡ—PCR检测小儿急性白血病降钙素基因高度甲基化

应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）结合ＨｐａⅡ限制性内切酶消化法（ＨｐａⅡ－ＰＣＲ）检测５８例急性白血病（ＡＬ）患儿降钙素（ＣＴ）基因的甲基化状态。病例组待检细胞ＤＮＡ经ＨｐａⅡ消化后，再用两对ＣＴ基因特异性引物作ＰＣＲ扩增，分别产生长度为５６６ｂｐ和１．４ｋｂ特异片段。急性淋巴细胞白血病阳性率７１．４％（２５／３５），急性非淋巴细胞白血病７８．２％（１８／２３）。敏感性达１０－３。证明ＣＴ基因５′高度甲基化是白血病细胞克隆的特异标志。本课题受卫生部、四川省人民医院出国人员基金资助     

用通用引物建立的RT-PCR诊断肠道病毒性脑炎及脑膜炎

目的　用通用引物建立逆转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ），达到广谱、特异及快速诊断肠道病毒（ＥＶ）性脑炎及脑膜炎。方法　用针对ＥＶ基因组５’端非编码区保守区的１对通用引物建立的ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测多种ＥＶ标准血清型，同时检测病毒性脑膜炎和脑炎患儿的脑脊液。结果　此种ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ可检测４２种ＥＶ的标准血清型，所用毒株在１０－１ＴＣＩＤ５０时仍可见到１９４ｂｐ的阳性条带。检测了３２例病毒性脑膜炎和脑炎患儿的脑脊液中ＥＶ－ＲＮＡ，１８例为阳性（５６．３％）。ＥＶ－ＲＮＡ阳性患儿的昏迷、瘫痪、抽搐、ＣＳＦ－蛋白质及低密度灶数（ＣＴ）分别为４（２２．２％）、８（４４．４％）、１２（６６．７％）、４６２ｍｇ／Ｌ（ｘ）及４（２２．２％）；ＥＶ－ＲＮＡ阴性患儿的昏迷、瘫痪、抽搐、ＣＳＦ－蛋白质、及低密度灶数（ＣＴ）分别为１０（７１．４％）、６（４２．９％）、１２（８５．７％）、３８６ｍｇ／Ｌ（ｘ）及４（２８．８％），仅昏迷发生率有极显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论　用通用引物建立的ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ诊断ＥＶ性脑膜炎和脑炎，具有广谱性、特异性、敏感性及简洁、快速的特点，诊断ＥＶ性脑膜炎和脑炎主要依靠病原学检查。     

荧光信号引物PCR定量测定血清HCV—RNA的实验室评价

目的对Ａｍｐｌｉｓｅｎｓｏｒ荧光标记ＨＣＶ定量ＰＣＲ方法进行实验室考核。方法２８例抗ＨＣＶ（＋）、定性ＰＣＲ（＋）的血清标本，用于重复性测定；２０例健康人血清用于正常值测定；５例定性ＰＣＲ（＋）和５例定性ＰＣＲ（－）标本用于Ａｍｐｌｉｓｅｍｓｏｒ和ｂｒａｎｃｈ－ＤＮＡ两种方法的比较。结果孔间变异系数（ＣＶ）为 ２０．６％，操作者间ＣＶ为 ４３．８％，批内 ＣＶ为 ６１．９％，批间ＣＶ为８５．１％。２０例健康人血清测定值均小于最小检测浓度，即１０２拷贝／ｍｌ。用Ａｍｐｌｉｓｅｎｓｏｒ和ｂｒａｎｃｈ－ＤＮＡ两种方法对５ 例定性ＰＣＲ（－）标本测定，Ａｍｐｌｉｓｅｎｓｏｒ和ｂｒａｎｃｈ－ＤＮＡ均为阴性；对５ Ｎ定性ＰＣＲ（＋）标本测定，Ａｍｐｌｉｓｅｎｓｏｒ均为阳性，ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ的浓度为 ２． ５ × １０５拷贝 ／ｍｌ～ １． ７ ×１０６拷贝 ／ｍｌ， ｂｒａｎｃｈ－ＤＮＡ方法有 ２例未能检出。结论 Ａｍｐｌｉｓｅｎｓｏｒ ＨＣＶ定量 ＰＣＲ方法特异性和灵敏度均好，可用于临床疾病的研究和抗病毒药物疗效的评估。由于批内、批间变异系数较大，试验与操作均应严格规范。     

结直肠腺癌患者血清线粒体肌酸激酶检测的意义

目的 通过对结直肠腺癌患者血清线粒体肌酸激酶（MtCK）的检测，探讨其在结直肠腺癌诊断中的临床意义。方法 选择手术治疗的结直肠腺癌患者107例和同期非肿瘤患者53例为研究对象。用电泳法检测血清MtCK，同时用化学发光免疫测定检测癌胚抗原（CEA），酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测糖抗原（CA）242。结果 结直肠腺癌患者组中MtCK、CEA、CA242的阳性率分别为59．8％、55．1％和63．5％，非肿瘤对照组为3．7％、5．7％和3．7％。MtCK检测的敏感性和特异性分别为59．8％和96．2％，与CEA、CA242联合检测的敏感性和特异性分别为44．8％和100．0％。结论 血清MtCK检测有助于结直肠腺癌的诊断，与CEA和CA242联合检测可显著提高对结直肠腺癌诊断的特异性。     

用PCR技术检测痰液中结核菌的研究

对１８８例肺结核人的痰标本进行聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）检测ＴＢ－ＤＮＡ，并同时行痰直接涂片糖结核菌，其中７２例痰标本做了结核菌培养，结果提示：ＰＣＲ阳性率为５２．６６％（９９／１８８），直接涂片阳性率为２３．４％（４４／１８８），培养阳性率为１２．５％（９／７２）。表明ＰＣＲ特异性高，重复性好，敏感性强，与临床符合率高。我们的试验结果证实，ＰＣＲ可作为肺结核早期，快速的诊断方法，尤其适用于菌阴肺结核     

Rapid diagnosis of acute bacterial meningitis: role of a broad range 16S rRNA polymerase chain reaction

Background: Acute bacterial meningitis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. It can be difficult to diagnose, as the symptoms and signs are often non-specific. Study Objective: To evaluate the performance of an in-house semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay targeting the 16S rRNA gene of Eubacteria for the rapid diagnosis of acute bacterial meningitis using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens. Methods: A total of 112 CSF samples from 112 patients were used in the study. Among these, 32 samples were obtained from confirmed cases of Streptococcus pneumoniae, six samples were obtained from confirmed cases of Haemophilus influenzae, one sample from a confirmed case of Neisseria meningitidis, and 10 cases of clinically suspected acute bacterial meningitis. The remaining 63 CSF samples were obtained from patients with non-infectious illnesses (n = 47) of the central nervous system (CNS) and autopsy-confirmed tuberculous meningitis (n = 16). Results: The assay had an overall sensitivity of 93% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.81–0.98, negative predictive value = 95%) and a specificity of 98% (95% CI 0.92–1.0, positive predictive value = 98%). Conclusion: These preliminary findings suggest that the semi-nested PCR assay targeting the 16S rRNA gene may be used as a rapid test for the diagnosis of acute bacterial meningitis.     

T细胞斑点试验在结核性脑膜炎诊断中的应用价值

目的分析结核感染T细胞斑点试验(T-SPOT.TB)在结核性脑膜炎诊断中的应用价值。方法以2017年1月-2019年12月安徽省胸科医院收治的93例脑膜炎患者为研究对象,其中确诊或临床诊断为结核性脑膜炎62例,非结核性脑膜炎31例。所有入组患者治疗前均检测外周血T-SPOT.TB,脑脊液腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)、结核分枝杆菌DNA(TBDNA)、抗酸杆菌(AFB)涂片,对试验结果进行分析。结果外周血T-SPOT.TB检测诊断结核性脑膜炎的灵敏度为82.3%(51/62),特异度为80.7%(25/31),灵敏度明显高于脑脊液ADA(61.3%,38/62)、脑脊液TB-DNA(27.4%,17/62)、脑脊液AFB涂片(16.1%,10/62),差异均有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线及其曲线下面积(AUC)来分析不同试验方法的诊断价值,外周血T-SPOT.TB、脑脊液ADA、脑脊液TB-DNA和脑脊液AFB涂片的AUC值分别为0.815、0.661、0.637、0.581。外周血T-SPOT.TB在结核性脑膜炎中的诊断效能最高。结论外周血T-SPOT.TB在结核性脑膜炎的诊断中,可作为可靠的辅助参考指标之一。     

MRI联合脑脊液检测在诊断中枢神经感染中有较高临床价值

目的探讨MRI联合脑脊液（CSF）检查在诊断和鉴别中枢神经感染中的临床价值。方法选取2019年1月~2020年5月在我院治疗的中枢神经系统感染性疾病患者151例,其中病毒性脑膜炎84例,化脓性脑膜炎35例,结核性脑膜炎32例,均给予MRI检查,检查CSF中的乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、蛋白、乳酸和白细胞计数（WBC）。结果结核性脑膜炎MRI异常检出率高于病毒性脑膜炎和化脓性脑膜炎（P < 0.05）;病毒性脑膜炎和化脓性脑膜炎MRI异常检出率比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）;病毒性脑膜炎病灶区域脑膜强化检出率高于化脓性脑膜炎和结核性脑膜炎（P < 0.05）;化脓性脑膜炎病灶呈环形强化检出率高于病毒性脑膜炎（P < 0.05）;结核性脑膜炎颅底脑膜强化检出率高于病毒性脑膜炎和化脓性脑膜炎（P < 0.05）;病毒性脑膜炎CSF中LDH、蛋白、乳酸和WBC明显低于化脓性脑膜炎和结核性脑膜炎（P < 0.05）;结核性脑膜炎CSF中LDH高于化脓性脑膜炎（P < 0.05）,而蛋白和WBC低于化脓性脑膜炎（P < 0.05）;筛选出LDH（X₁）、蛋白（X₂）和WBC（X₃）3个指标建立判别函数,即:Y_病脑=-0.056X₁- 0.065X₂-0.062X₃+1.168,Y_化脑=-0.041X₁+0.102X₂+0.089X₃-1.102,Y_结脑=0.112X₁-0.057X₂-0.078+1.032;MRI联合CSF参数函数诊断病毒性脑膜炎的敏感度、特异性和准确率分别为79.76%、74.63%和77.48%,诊断化脓性脑膜炎的敏感度、特异性和准确率分别为80.00%、81.03%和80.79%,诊断结核性脑膜炎的敏感度、特异性和准确率分别为78.13%、84.87%和83.44%。结论MRI联合CSF检测在诊断和鉴别中枢神经感染中有较高应用价值,值得临床使用。      

脑脊液T-SPOT检测在结核性脑膜炎诊断中的临床应用价值

目的 探讨脑脊液结核斑点试验(T-SPOT)检测在结核性脑膜炎临床诊断中的价值,为结核性脑膜炎早期快速诊断提供实验依据。方法 对兰州军区兰州总医院221例脑脊液标本进行筛查,实验组选取脑脊液淋巴细胞计数大于100×10⁶/L或者高度怀疑脑膜炎患者淋巴细胞计数大于50×10⁶/L的82例脑脊液标本进行T-SPOT实验检测,统计分析患者临床诊断、脑脊液检测指标、血清PCT结果,对照组选取100例非结核性脑膜炎患者进行ROC曲线分析。结果 脑脊液结核斑点试验检测在结核性脑膜炎患者中的阳性率为64.63%(53/82),敏感度为98.11%,特异度为100%; 结核性脑膜炎患者脑脊液淋巴细胞计数、脑脊液蛋白、脑脊液葡萄糖、脑脊液氯离子值和血清PCT的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.996,0.965,0.109,0.061和0.392,且结核性脑膜炎患者脑脊液淋巴细胞计数和脑脊液蛋白的均值分别为323.88±198.76个/L,1 478.2±778.64 mg/L。结论 脑脊液结核斑点试验检测在结核性脑膜炎患者中具有较高的阳性率、敏感度和特异度,可用于结核性脑膜炎的早期快速诊断。     

Rapid detection of Neisseria meningitidis in cerebrospinal fluid by one-step polymerase chain reaction of the nspA gene

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol for the rapid detection of meningococcal DNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was developed and optimized. A set of primers based on Neisseria surface protein A (nspA) gene sequence was designed to amplify a 481-bp product specific for N. meningitidis. We tested 85 N. meningitidis strains obtained from patients with meningococcal meningitis and 112 CSF samples from patients with suspected meningococcal meningitis. No amplification of the nspA gene was observed from other Neisseriaceae species (except from N. gonorrhoeae) and from other bacteria frequently associated with meningitis. N. meningitidis belonging to different serogroups yielded the same product after PCR amplification. The sensitivity and specificity of our protocol was determined by comparing the results of specific amplification of nspA gene by PCR reaction (nspA-PCR) with those obtained by conventional methods. All positive samples by conventional methods were confirmed by nspA-PCR, whereas 48% of negative samples after culture and latex agglutination tested positive by nspA-PCR. The use of nspA-PCR proved to be a rapid diagnostic method, in which sensitivity and specificity may not be affected by prior antibiotic treatment.     

Diagnosing tuberculous pericarditis

BACKGROUND: Definitive diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis requires isolation of the tubercle bacillus from pericardial fluid, but isolating the organism is often difficult. AIM: To improve diagnostic efficiency for tuberculous pericarditis, using available tests. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. METHODS: Consecutive patients (n = 233) presenting with pericardial effusions underwent a predetermined diagnostic work-up. This included (i) clinical examination; (ii) pericardial fluid tests: biochemistry, microbiology, cytology, differential white blood cell (WBC) count, gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels, polymerase chain reaction testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis; (iii) HIV; (iv) sputum smear and culture; (v) blood biochemistry; and (vi) differential WBC count. A model was developed using 'classification and regression tree' analysis. The cut-off for the total diagnostic index (DI) was optimized using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS: Fever, night sweats, weight loss, serum globulin (>40 g/l) and peripheral blood leukocyte count (<10 x 10(9)/l) were independently predictive. The derived prediction model had 86% sensitivity and 84% specificity when applied to the study population. Pericardial fluid IFN-gamma >or=50 pg/ml, concentration had 92% sensitivity, 100% specificity and a positive predictive value (PPV) of 100% for the diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis; pericardial fluid ADA >or=40 U/l had 87% sensitivity and 89% specificity. A diagnostic model including pericardial ADA, lymphocyte/neutrophil ratio, peripheral leukocyte count and HIV status had 96% sensitivity and 97% specificity; substituting pericardial IFN-gamma for ADA yielded 98% sensitivity and 100% specificity. DISCUSSION: Basic clinical and laboratory features can aid the diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis. If available, pericardial IFN-gamma is the most useful diagnostic test. Otherwise we propose a prediction model that incorporates pericardial ADA and differential WBC counts.     

Diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis by detection of tuberculostearic acid in cerebrospinal fluid.

Tuberculous meningitis still poses a major diagnostic problem. Recently, several new techniques for rapid diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis have been developed. One of these newer techniques is the detection of mycobacterial fatty acids, using gas chromatography--mass spectroscopy. In this study we evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of this recently reported method in a blind trial. The sensitivity was found to be 100%, specificity only 91%. The number of false positive results limits the value of this test in the primary diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. Nonetheless, we consider this method to be a valuable tool for establishing the diagnosis in culture-negative patients presenting with signs and symptoms suggestive of tuberculous meningitis.     

Individual and Combined Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound Diagnosis,Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration and Polymerase Chain Reaction in Identifying Tuberculous Lymph Nodes in the Neck

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of, both individually and in combination, ultrasound (US) diagnosis, US-guided fine-needle aspiration (US-FNA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in diagnosing tuberculous lymph nodes in the neck (i.e., tuberculous cervical lymph nodes [TCLs]). Eighty-two patients who underwent US diagnosis, US-FNA and PCR for clinical suspicion of TCLs were enrolled. Of the 82 patients, 31 were confirmed as having TCLs. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and accuracy of US diagnosis, US-FNA and PCR were 93.5%, 76.5%, 70.7%, 95.1% and 82.9%; 64.5%, 98.0%, 95.2%, 82.0% and 85.4%; and 100%, 96.1%, 93.9%, 100% and 97.6%, respectively. The diagnostic values of PCR alone and in combination with US-FNA were found to be higher than those of other methods. No US feature with high sensitivity and specificity was identified.     

检测脑脊液单核细胞内结核分支杆菌早期分泌性抗原对结核性脑膜炎的诊断价值

目的探讨脑脊液单核细胞内结核分支杆菌早期分泌性抗原（earlysecretoryantigenictarget6,ESAT-6）检测对结核性脑膜炎（tuberculousmeningitis,TBM）的诊断价值。方法选择我院2011年1月至2012年12月期间神经内科收治的经结核性脑膜炎诊断金标准确诊的46例TBM患者（结核性脑膜炎组）和40例非TBM患者（对照组）为研究对象,对两组患者的脑脊液分别行细胞学和生化检查,并检测患者脑脊液单核细胞内的ESAT-6抗原。结果结脑组患者脑脊液细胞100％呈混合性细胞学反应,对照组患者45％呈混合性细胞学反应,差异具有统计学意义（,=5．72,P〈0．05）;白细胞计数、葡萄糖和氢化物计量结脑组患者明显高于对照组（P〈0．01）,而脑脊液蛋白含量差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。ESAT-6抗原检测诊断TBM的灵敏度为91．30％,特异度92．5％,假阳性率7．5％,假阴性率8．70％,阳性预测值93．33％,阴性预测值90．24％％。结论脑脊液单核细胞内ESAT-6检测对TBM具有较高的诊断价值,该辅助诊断方法值得临床推广及应用。     

脑脊液γ-干扰素检测在结核性脑膜炎中的临床价值

目的探讨血清及脑脊液的γ-干扰素（INF-γ）水平对结核性脑膜炎诊断的临床价值。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测25例结核性脑膜炎（结核性脑膜炎组）、31例病毒性脑膜炎（病毒性脑膜炎组）、12例化脓性脑膜炎（化脓性脑膜炎组）患者血清及脑脊液中INF-γ水平。结果结核性脑膜炎组患者脑脊液INF-γ含量为（386.3±83.5）ng/L,明显高于病毒性脑膜炎组（63.4±16.2）ng/L和化脓性脑膜炎组（116.8±22.6）ng/L,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,且重叠性很小;而3组血清INF-γ含量很低并相近,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。脑脊液INF-γ诊断结核性脑膜炎的灵敏度、特异度和准确度分别为92.0%、95.3%和94.1%。结论检测脑脊液INF-γ对结核性脑膜炎有一定的辅助诊断价值。