化妆品中7种性激素的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱鉴定法

目的:建立化妆品中雌酮、雌二醇、雌三醇、己烯雌酚、睾丸酮、甲基睾丸酮和黄体酮7种性激素的液相色谱-串联质谱鉴定方法。方法:样品依次经提取、去脂、C18固相萃取小柱净化,以乙腈和水为流动相,在C18(1.7μm,2.1×50 mm)色谱柱上进行梯度洗脱分离,用多反应监测串联质谱定性。结果:利用该方法对某雌酮疑似阳性样品进行鉴定,结果为阴性。结论:该法选择性强,分析时间短,适合对化妆品中性激素的准确定性。     

保健食品中五种性激素的高效液相色谱测定法

保健食品中的性激素可能存在的不良反应问题 ,近年来已成为一个关注的热点。为此 ,我们确立了利用高效液相色谱仪对保健食品中雌三醇、雌二醇、雌酮、睾酮和孕酮的分离测定。一、材料与方法1 仪器 :惠普 10 5 0高效液相色谱仪、二极管阵列检测器、工作站。2 试剂 :甲醇、乙腈、丙酮、二氯甲烷、醋酸、醋酸钠、无水硫酸钠。 0 2mol/L醋酸钠溶液 79ml与0 2mol/L醋酸溶液 2 1ml混合制成醋酸钠缓冲溶液 (pH值 5 2 )。分别称取雌三醇、雌二醇、雌酮、睾酮、孕酮0 10 0 g ,用甲醇溶解并定容至 10 0ml每ml含各种激素均 1 0 0mg ,制成激素标…     

保健食品中5种性激素的测定

目的建立HPLC法测定保健食品中雌二醇、雌三醇、雌酮、孕酮、睾酮的方法。方法样品固相萃取后,经0.45μm滤膜过滤,进高效液相色谱仪分析。结果雌二醇,雌三醇、雌酮、孕酮和睾酮得到很好的分离,并得到浓度与峰面积成正比的工作曲线,相关系数r>0.999。结论该方法具有灵敏、准确、精密、样品处理简单等优点。     

液相色谱法同时测定畜禽肉肝肾激素残留量

采用液相色谱法测定畜禽肉、肝及肾中的雌三醇、雌二醇、炔诺酮、甲睾酮、己烯雌酚、炔诺孕酮、孕酮。在碱性条件下 ,将样品中的激素提取到水相中 ,调pH 6 0 ,乙醚萃取水相中激素 ,经乙醚石油醚净化后 ,液相色谱 -紫外检测器 2 2 5nm分离测定含量 ,方法检出限 0 0 5ng ,最佳线性范围为0～ 10 μg/ml。取样 5 0 0g时 ,最低检出浓度为0 0 1mg/kg ,样品回收率雌三醇 76 7%、雌二醇93 2 %、炔诺酮 96 4 %、甲睾酮 95 8%、己烯雌酚92 0 %、炔诺孕酮 80 5 %、孕酮 93 6 %。目前 ,国内外测定激素的方法很多 ,但是这些方法大多局限于生物…     

化妆品品溴硝丙二醇和尼泊金酯的高效液相色谱法测定

采用反相高效液相色谱法，同时测定化妆品中溴硝丙二醇和尼泊金甲酯、乙酯、丙酯、异丙酯、丁酯、异戊酯等7种防腐剂。色谱柱：10μmYWG-C18柱；流动相：甲醇－四氢呋喃－水（60：50：100V／V），紫外检测波长为254nm。样品用流动相超声萃,取各组分回收率为90．4％－109．3％，相对标准偏差为0．7％－7．5％。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中性激素

采用反相高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中雌三醇等７种性激素,以ＺｏｒｂａｘＣ１８为固定相,甲醇－水（８０＋２０）为流动相,检测波长为２５４ｎｍ,样品用甲醇超声提取,回收率为８６．６％～１０４．４％,相对标准偏差为１．２％～５．８％。     

高效液相色谱法测定肝组织中核黄素含量

目的建立测定肝组织核黄素含量的高效液相色谱方法。方法取肝组织样品加入0．1mol／L盐酸,用匀浆器研磨制备匀浆后,经酸解、10％胰蛋白酶水解处理,用微孔滤膜过滤后取滤液分析。采用AtlantisC18色谱柱（150mm×4．6mm,5μm）分离,以甲醇：5mmol／L醋酸铵（35：65,v／v）为流动相,流速为1．0ml／min,荧光检测器检测时激发波长为450nm,发射波长为520nm。结果本法测定核黄素的线性范围为1．0—200ng／ml,最低检测限为1．0ng／ml;日内和日间测定的核黄素标准品的峰面积的相对标准偏差分别为2．83％和3．76％,样品分别为0．71％和2．17％;核黄素在样品中的加标回收率为98．6％－101．1％。结论建立的高效液相色谱方法简便、准确、灵敏,可用于测定肝组织中核黄素的含量。     

大豆保健食品中大豆异黄酮的高效液相色谱测定法

目的建立大豆保健食品中大豆异黄酮含量的高效液相色谱测定法。方法样晶采用80％的乙醇溶液提取，液相色谱条件：ODS-C18柱，流动相为甲醇：水：冰醋酸，流速1．0ml／min，紫外检测器，波长260nm。结果样品的回收率为87．5％～94．5％，平均刚收率为91．2％，相对标准偏差为7．8％。结论该方法样品提取简便，测定结果准确高，精密度好，适合大豆保健食品中大豆异黄酮的检测工作．     

GC/MS/MS法同时测定海产品中4种雌激素残留

目的：建立海产品中己烯雌酚（DES）、雌酮（E1）、雌二醇（E2）、雌三醇（E3）的GC／MS和GC／MS／MS分析方法。方法：以氯仿-水为提取溶剂，经均质、超声、石油醚去脂、C18固相小柱净化处理，目标物用N，O-双（三甲基硅烷基）三氟乙酰胺衍牛化后，用GC／MS和GC／MS／MS方法分析。结果：4种雌激素的平均回收率在75％～96．7％之间，GC／MS方法榆出限为0．15～0．50μg／kg，方法相对标准偏差为3．32％-5.54％；GC／MS／MS方法检出限为0．05—0．15μg／kg，方法相对标准偏差为6．1％～10．3％。结论：GC／MS／MS方法灵敏度高、特异性强、检出限低、定性确证性强，适用于海产品中4种雌激素残留的微量分析。     

薄层层析法检测化妆品中部分雌性激素

薄层层析法检测化妆品中部分雌性激素天津市卫生防病中心（３０００１１）王敏荣，单琴激素是化妆品中禁用物质，高压液相色谱测定化妆品中的激素已为成熟的方法，但是此仪器价格昂贵。本文通过用薄层层析法对化妆品中的雌二醇、雌三醇、雌酮等进行测定，其最低检测量达到...     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.