广州市中小学生运动伤害危险因素的配对病例对照分析

目的 探讨中小学生运动伤害的危险因素.方法 按性别、年龄、班级1:1配对原则,通过样本量计算选择349对运动伤害病例和对照,采用单因素和多因素条件logistic回归分析.结果中小学生发生运动伤害的危险因素是:鞋底磨损大(OR=7.20,95%CI:2.37～21.84)、疲倦(OR=14.34,95%CI:2.29～89.66)、带病时参加运动的频率高(OR=1.96,95%CI:1.29～3.06)和既往伤害史(OR=2.11,95%CI:1.41～3.96).运动伤害的保护因素:体育训练时有老师指导动作(OR=0.46,95%CI:0.26～0.79)、运动时做防护措施(OR=0.36,95%CI:0.20～0.64)和运动前热身运动的频率高(OR=0.31,95%CI:0.14～0.67).结论 中小学生运动伤害与个人因素、家庭因素和社会因素有关;应提高学生和老师的安全运动意识,减少运动伤害危险行为的发生.     

深圳市某学校初中生自杀相关行为影响因素的研究

目的 了解中学生自杀相关行为发生率及影响因素,为中学生自杀相关行为的防治与干预提供参考。方法 采用自编的一般情况调查表及儿童青少年心理健康量表（MHS-CA）、DSM-5一级跨界症状量表（DSM5-L1CCSM）、青少年生活事件量表（ASLEC）、儿童期创伤问卷（CTQ）对深圳市某学校914名初中生进行相关评估,进一步分析结果。结果 该校18.9%的初中学生两周内存在自杀企图,20.9%曾有过自杀经历。二分类logistic回归分析显示,意志行为（OR=0.923,95%CI:0.868～0.981）、儿童期躯体虐待（OR=1.977,95%CI:1.076～3.630）、物质滥用（OR=4.148,95%CI:2.898～5.939）可能是初中生自杀企图的独立影响因素;同时,意志行为（OR=0.898,95%CI:0.844～0.955）、童年期躯体虐待（OR=2.409,95%CI:1.313～4.421）、物质滥用（OR=4.991,95%CI:3.475～7.170）也是初中生自杀经历的独立影响因素。结论 该校中学生自杀相关行为发生率较高,学生的心理健康状态、精神行为症状、童年...     

Determinants of school injury proneness in adolescents: a prospective study

OBJECTIVE: Injury proneness is common in adolescents, but the role of individual factors has received little attention. This study assessed the relationships of a number of individual characteristics with frequency of school injuries. METHODS: This prospective study was conducted on 2396 students from middle schools and high schools in an urban area in France over one school year. A questionnaire was completed by each student at the beginning of the school year, and an injury questionnaire was completed for all injuries that occurred at school during the year. Data were analysed using the chi2 independence test and logistic models. RESULTS: Over the study year, 10.6% of the students had a single injury. Frequent injuries (two or more) were common (2.3%) and were strongly related to younger age [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.52, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 1.28-1.79], frequent use of psychotropic drugs (aOR 2.03, 95%CI 1.06-3.86) and a poorer average school mark (<10/20, aOR 2.58, 95%CI 1.30-5.12). The occurrence of a single injury was less strongly related to younger age (aOR 1.20, 95%CI 1.11-1.30) and frequent use of psychotropic drugs (aOR 1.43, 95%CI 1.04-1.96), and was also associated with parental absence (aOR 1.33, 95%CI 1.00-1.77), not being calm (aOR 1.41, 95%CI 1.03-1.89) and not being easily irritated (aOR 1.56, 95%CI 1.14-2.13). CONCLUSIONS: This study identified a number of factors associated with injury frequency. This information could be useful for injury prevention. Physicians could help students, parents, teachers and school staff to be more aware of the risks and to find remedial measures.     

佛山市9～20岁中小学生视力不良状况及影响因素研究

目的 了解佛山市中小学生视力不良状况及主要影响因素,为预防中小学生近视提供科学依据。方法 于2020年11—12月,采用多阶段随机抽样方法从佛山市抽取三个行政区共11 725名中小学生进行调查,多因素logistic回归分析调查对象视力不良的影响因素。结果 佛山市中小学生视力不良检出人数为6 158人(52.5%)。多因素logistic回归结果显示,住校(OR=1.13,95%CI:1.00～1.28),电子屏幕使用时间>2 h/d (OR=1.44,95%CI:1.33～1.56),体力活动≤2 h/d(OR=1.43,95%CI:1.28～1.59),父母近视(OR=1.76,95%CI:1.62～1.91)为中小学生视力不良的危险因素(P<0.05)。读写时胸距桌距离一拳(OR=0.58,95%CI:0.53～0.63)为视力的保护因素。联合效应分析显示,体力活动>2 h/d 且电子屏幕时间≤2 h/d组中小学生视力不良风险最低(OR=0.40,95%CI:0.35～0.47)。结论 佛山市中小学生视力不良检出率较高。学校和家长应从运动、合理用眼等方面综合干预,加强青少年视力不良的防控。     

云南省中学生身体素质现况及影响因素分析

目的 了解云南省中学生身体素质现况及其影响因素,为提高中学生体质健康水平提供参考依据。方法 采用分层随机整群的抽样方法选取2019年云南学生体质与健康调研中13～18岁中学生11 946名,测量不同性别、年龄、民族的学生各项身体素质相关指标及计算合格率,对弱势项目（肺活量、男生引体向上、女生仰卧起坐）应用多因素logistic 回归分析。结果 2019年云南省中学生体质测试中整体合格率由高到低的项目依次为耐力跑（99.9%）、50m跑（96.4%）、坐位体前屈（96.4%）、立定跳远（86.1%）、肺活量（76.8%）、引体向上/仰卧起坐（52.5%）。不同民族间比较发现肺活量合格率最高为汉族（85.6%）,最低为傣族（47.4%）;引体向上/仰卧起坐合格率最高为佤族（81.9%）,最低为纳西族（41.3%）。多因素 logistic 回归分析显示:肺活量项目中,超重肥胖（OR = 0.56,95%CI:0.49～0.64）、学校不挤占体育课（OR = 0.88,95%CI:0.81～0.97）、一周中肌肉力量锻炼≥4次（OR = 0.67,95%CI:0.58～0.77）体测合格率更高,而低体重（OR = 3.78, 95%CI:3.31～4.56）体测合格率更低;引体向上/仰卧起坐项目中,上体育课时感觉出汗（OR = 0.87,95%CI:0.76～0.99）、学校不挤占体育课（OR = 0.87,95%CI:0.80～0.93）、每天上课间操次数超过两次（OR = 0.76,95%CI:0.67～0.88）体测合格率更高,而低体重（OR = 2.10,95%CI:1.73～2.55）、超重肥胖（OR = OR=1.25,95%CI:1.13～1.38）、每天体育锻炼不超过1 h（OR = 1.11,95%CI:1.02～1.20）体测合格率更低。结论 引体向上和肺活量是云南省中学生身体素质弱势项目,今后政府、学校、家庭应加强合作,积极鼓励青少年参与体育锻炼,确保学生身体素质水平均衡发展。     

中国青少年不良饮食行为及影响因素分析

目的 了解我国青少年不良饮食行为情况和影响因素,为采取针对性的营养干预措施提供科学依据。方法 采用中国教育追踪调查2014—2015学年的追踪数据共10 750名八年级学生进行分析。数据分析组间比较选择χ2 检验,不良饮食行为的影响因素分析采用多元logistic回归模型。结果 青少年经常或总是饮用含糖/碳酸饮料的报告率为21.36%,而经常或总是食用油炸/烧烤食品的报告率为14.60%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,青少年含糖/碳酸饮料消费行为的危险因素包括家庭经济情况（富裕:OR = 1.538,95%CI: 1.258～1.882,P＜0.001）、父亲经常醉酒（OR = 1.530,95%CI: 1.308～1.789,P＜0.001）、母亲的受教育水平（初中或高中:OR = 1.237,95%CI: 1.076～1.422,P＜0.01）、父亲的受教育水平（初中或高中:OR = 1.189,95%CI: 1.011～1.397,P＜0.05）、与朋友外出运动、看电影（一年或半年一次:OR = 1.146,95%CI: 1.016～1.294,P＜0.05; 每月或每周一次:OR = 1.786,95%CI: 1.562～2.043,P＜0.001;每周一次以上:OR = 2.327,95%CI: 1.791～3.024,P＜0.001）;保护因素包括女性（OR = 0.746,95%CI: 0.672～0.829,P＜0.001）、与父母吃晚饭（一年或半年一次:OR = 0.601,95%CI: 0.412～0.878,P＜0.01;每周一次以上:OR = 0.696,95%CI: 0.495～0.979,P＜0.05）、自评整体健康情况（一般:OR = 0.783,95%CI: 0.641～0.956,P＜0.05;比较好/很好:OR = 0.652,95%CI: 0.539～0.790,P＜0.001）。青少年油炸/烧烤食品消费行为的危险因素包括女性（OR = 1.187,95%CI: 1.054～1.335,P＜0.01）、家庭经济情况（富裕:OR = 1.377,95%CI: 1.093～1.735,P＜0.01）、父亲经常醉酒（OR = 1.684,95%CI: 1.417～2.001,P＜0.001）、与朋友外出运动、看电影（每月或每周一次:OR = 1.706, 95%CI: 1.454～2.001, P＜0.001;每周一次以上:OR = 2.783,95%CI: 2.126～3.644,P＜0.001）;保护因素包括与父母吃晚饭（每周一次以上:OR = 0.673,95%CI: 0.461～0.981,P＜0.05）、自评整体健康情况（一般:OR = 0.788,95%CI: 0.634～0.980,P＜0.05,比较好/很好:OR = 0.579,95%CI: 0.469～0.714,P＜0.001）。结论 青少年不良饮食行为不仅受到个体因素影响,还与一系列家庭或社会因素密切相关。家庭、学校以及青少年本人应该多方合作,实施综合干预,提高青少年健康素养并促进其养成健康饮食习惯。     

复杂电磁环境工作人员尿中8-羟基脱氧鸟苷和8-羟基鸟苷水平及其影响因素分析

目的 对复杂电磁环境(complex electromagnetic environment, CEE)工作人员的DNA和RNA氧化损伤情况以及其影响因素进行分析，为预防和控制职业病危害提供科学依据。方法 采用方便抽样法选择武汉某芯片厂CEE工作人员(n=133)为暴露组和办公室人员(n=56)为对照组，用稀释法和液相色谱-三重四级杆质谱仪测量氧化应激标志物8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-OHdG)和8-羟基鸟苷(8-OHG)在其尿液样本中的浓度。根据问卷调查结果，用logistic回归法分析影响8-OHdG的相关因素。结果 暴露组人员尿中的8-OHdG和8-OHG,经尿比重调整后浓度中位数分别为9.34 ng/ml和17.08 ng/ml。与对照组相比，暴露组8-OHdG浓度高于对照组，且差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.194,P=0.028)。CEE(OR=3.07,95%CI:1.35～7.00)、吸烟(OR=2.62,95%CI:1.13～6.08)和运动(OR=2.5,95%CI:1.04～6.00)为危险因素；女性(OR=0.09,95%CI:0.03～0.28)为保护因素。结论 长期暴...     

深圳市南山区中小学生伤害发生情况及其影响因素分析

目的 了解深圳市南山区中小学生伤害发生情况及其影响因素,为预防中小学生伤害提供依据。 方法 采用随机整群抽样方法,以深圳市南山区8所小学、8所初中和4所高中的所有学生为研究对象,调查过去12个月内伤害的发生情况,共收回合格问卷为3 169份,采用 SPSS 22.0 进行统计分析。 结果 深圳市南山区中小学生伤害发生率为7.79%,男生伤害发生率(8.54%)高于女生(6.95%),但差异无统计学意义(χ²=2.795,P=0.054)。初中生伤害发生率14.50%,高于高中(5.29%)及小学生(5.37%)(χ²=72.554,P＜0.01)。伤害发生地点主要为学校(36.44%),其次是学校及家里以外的其他地方占33.60%,发生在家里的伤害占29.96%。伤害发生的前三位原因为跌倒/坠落(58.30%),刀/锐器伤(11.34%),钝器伤(10.53%)。多因素 logistic 回归分析结果显示,“高年级”(OR=1.499,95%CI:1.195～1.881)、“走读”(OR=3.206,95%CI:1.975～5.203)、外地户籍(OR=1.416,95%CI:1.074～1.992)是伤害发生的危险因素,“母亲为照料者”(OR=0.702,95%CI:0.541～0.912)是伤害发生的保护因素。 结论 南山区中小学生伤害发生率呈现不同特点,应针对不同学龄段的学生采取不同干预措施,减少伤害的发生。     

The association of socioeconomic status and psychosocial and physical workplace factors with musculoskeletal injury in hospital workers

BACKGROUND: The combined effect of socioeconomic, organizational, psychosocial, and physical factors on work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) were studied in a heterogeneous, socioeconomically diverse sample (cases and their matched referents) of hospital workers. METHODS: Cases were defined by a new acute or cumulative work-related musculoskeletal injury; referents were matched by job group, shift length, or at random. Information was obtained through telephone interviews and on-site ergonomics observation. Questionnaire items included sociodemographic variables, lost work time, work effectiveness, health status, pain/disability, and psychosocial working conditions using Effort Reward Imbalance (ERI) and Demand-Control (DC) models. Two multivariate models were tested: Model 1 included occupation as a predictor; Model 2 included education-income as a predictor. RESULTS: Cases reported greater pain, disability, lost time, and decreased work effectiveness than the referents. Model 1 was statistically significant for neck/upper extremity injury (Chi-square = 19.3, P = 0.01), back/lower extremity injury (Chi-square = 14.0, P = 0.05), and all injuries combined (Chi-square = 25.4, P = 0.001). "Other Clinical" occupations (34% mental health workers) had the highest risk of injury (OR 4.5: 95%CI, 1.7-12.1) for all injuries. The ERI ratio was a significant predictor for neck and upper extremity (OR 1.5: 95%CI, 1.1-1.9) and all injuries (OR 1.3; 95%CI, 1.04-1.5), per SD change in score. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the risk of WRMSDs was more strongly influenced by specific psychosocial and physical job-related exposures than by broad socioeconomic factors such as education and income.     

曲靖市中小学生伤害发生现状和危险因素分析

目的 了解曲靖市中小学生伤害发生现状和危险因素,为制定相应的干预措施预防和控制学生伤害事件的发生提供科学依据.方法 于2010年4月采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取曲靖市2所小学、2所中学共10 561名中小学生为调查对象,进行问卷调查,回顾性调查过去1年的伤害情况.采用非条件logistic回归分析影响伤害发生的危险因素.结果 曲靖市中小学生伤害发生率为23.97％.男生伤害发生率（27.31％）高于女生（20.39％）,差异有统计学意义（x2=69.26,P＜0.01）.小学、初中和高中学生伤害发生率差异有统计学意义（X^2=126.434,P＜0.01）,初中生为伤害高发人群（31.06％）.居于前5位的伤害类型依次为跌落伤（22.59％）、碰撞伤（11.44％）、刀割伤（9.84％）、动物咬伤（4.52％）和烧烫伤（4.38％）.多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,初中生（OR=1.44,95％CI：1.26～1.64）、与母亲生活的学生（OR=1.47,95％CI：1.15～1.87）、母亲的民族为苗族的学生（OR=2.78,95％CI：1.20～6.43）更容易发生伤害事件;而女生（OR=0.67,95％CI：0.60～0.74）、父亲职业为工人（OR =0.83,95％CI：0.70～0.99）或农民（OR =0.82,95％CI：0.71～0.94）的学生、在家排行较小的学生（OR=0.84,95％CI：0.73～0.96）、年龄小的学生（OR=1.05,95％CI：1.03～1.07）相对不容易发生伤害事件.结论 中小学生伤害发生率较高,伤害由多因素作用导致,与个人、家庭及学校环境危险因素有关.     

上海市某区基层卫生工作者慢病状况调查及相关因素研究

目的 了解上海市某区社区卫生服务中心卫生工作者慢性疾病现状及相关影响因素,为开展早期防治提供建议。 方法 采用方便抽样方法,以该区全体基层卫生工作者为调查对象,对慢性非传染性疾病的影响因素进行logistic回归分析。 结果 共发放问卷1 816份,独立完成知情同意的人数为1 515人,应答率83.43%。平均年龄(38.77±8.07)岁,研究对象慢性疾病检出率为53.07%。按国际疾病分类患病率前三位依次为肌肉骨骼系统疾病47.79%、消化系统疾病46.73%、泌尿生殖系统疾病22.77%。患病率在10%以上的病种共13种,前三位分别是颈椎病34.72%、龋齿21.72%、视疲劳18.68%。基层卫生工作者的职业紧张发生率为11.55%,在卫生技术人员中为12.26%。多因素回归分析结果显示影响基层卫生工作者慢性疾病患病率的危险因素包括女性(OR=1.506, 95%CI:1.079～2.102),35～44岁(OR=2.568, 95%CI:1.752～3.766),45～65岁(OR=3.766, 95%CI:1.965～7.026),收入7～11万(OR=1.812, 95%CI:1.214～2.706),收入＞11万(OR=1.649,95%CI:1.064～2.555),工龄≥21年(OR=2.077, 95%CI:1.156～3.732),业务培训＞1次/周(OR=1.829, 95%CI:1.329～2.517),职业紧张(OR=2.533, 95%CI:1.469～4.368)。已婚(OR=0.596, 95%CI:0.426～0.835)为其保护因素。 结论 基层卫生工作者慢性疾病患病率较高,相关部门需针对危险因素进行有效干预,促进卫生工作者健康。     

上海地区职业人群代谢综合征及其组分与早期肾损伤的相关性研究

目的 探讨上海地区职业人群代谢综合征（Metabolic Syndrome,MetS）和早期肾损伤的检出情况,分析MetS及其组分与早期肾损伤相关性。方法 选取2021年1—12月在华东疗养院进行健康体检的12251例上海地区职业人群为研究对象,以估算的肾小球滤过率(estimate glomerular filtration rate,eGFR)60≤eGFR＜90ml/( min·1.73m2)为依据诊断为早期肾损伤,MetS根据2017年版中华医学会糖尿病分会诊断标准进行诊断,研究该人群MetS及其不同组分中早期肾损伤的检出情况,并采用单因素与多因素logistic回归分析MetS及其组分与早期肾损伤的相关性。结果 该地区职业人群MetS和早期肾损伤的检出率分别为16.04%和24.86%,且eGFR值在MetS组与非MetS组间有统计学差异（t =2.967,P =0.003）;在MetS及其五个组分中,除高空腹血糖外,余阳性组的早期肾损伤检出率显著高于阴性组（P＜0.001）,且随着组分数0~5的增高,早期肾损伤检出率逐渐增高（趋势x²=139.225, P＜0.001）;回归模型分析显示,性别（OR=2.407,95% CI:2.184～2.652）、年龄（OR=5.661,95% CI:4.622～6.934）、腹型肥胖(OR=1.177,95% CI: 1.072~1.292）、高血压( OR=1.319,95% CI: 1.208~1.441）、高TG血症(OR=1.403,95% CI: 1.286~1.531）、低HDL-C血症(OR=1.245,95% CI: 1.109~1.397）是早期肾损伤的危险因素;男性发生风险是女性的2.209倍（95%CI:1.983～2.460）;50岁以上人群是≤30岁人群的5.477倍（95%CI:4.448～6.745）; MetS的1～5项组分数发生早期肾损伤的风险分别为0.704（95%CI:0.597～0.830）,1.124（95%CI:0.826～1.538）,1.502（95%CI:1.143～1.843）,1.697（95%CI:1.369～2.164）,1.913（95%CI:1.234～2.251）。结论 上海地区职业人群早期肾损伤检出率较高,男性、年龄增长、腹型肥胖、高血压、高TG血症、低HDL-C血症是发生早期肾损伤的危险因素。     

Psychological distress and occupational injury: findings from the national health interview survey 2000-2003

OBJECTIVES: This study examined whether serious psychological distress (SPD) is associated with occupational injury among US employees. METHODS: The employed population aged 18-64 years was examined (n=101,855) using data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2000-2003. SPD was measured using the Kessler 6-item Psychological Distress Scale (K-6), a screening scale designed to identify persons with serious mental illness. The predicted marginal prevalence of psychological distress and occupational injury with the adjusted odds ratio were estimated using multiple logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: The age-adjusted 3-month prevalence of occupational injury was 0.80 +/- 0.12% in workers with SPD, which was 37% greater than in workers without SPD (0.58 +/- 0.03%). The odds of occupational injury in workers with SPD were higher compared to workers without SPD (OR=1.34, 95% CI=0.93-1.92), after controlling for sex, age, race, education, occupation, and activity limitation by at least one medical condition. Male, service and blue collar occupation, and activity limiation by co-morbidity showed significantly higher odds of occupational injury for workers with SPD. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that SPD accounts for an increased likelihood of occupational injury among US employees. A further longitudinal study is needed to differentiate the mechanism or causal pathways linking individual injury risk at the workplace, SPD, and socioeconomic factors.     

常州市武进区2型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白控制状况及其影响因素研究

目的 分析武进区糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）控制状况及其影响因素。方法 基于区域卫生信息系统,收集武进区2018年10月—2020年9月在管的2型糖尿病患者（T2DM）基本信息和糖化血红蛋白检测数据,采用多因素logistic回归分析影响糖化血红蛋白控制状况及其影响因素。结果 共11 644例数据完整的糖尿病患者纳入分析,男性5 016例,女性6 628例,HbA1c达标（＜7%）人数4 586人（39.39%）。不同年龄组（χ2 = 35.254,P＜0.001）、不同吸烟状态组（χ2 = 16.789,P＜0.001）、不同饮酒频率组（χ2 = 6.155,P = 0.046）、不同医保类型组（χ2 = 25.213,P＜0.001）、不同糖尿病病程组（χ2 = 71.716,P＜0.001）、不同体质指数组（χ2 = 11.518,P = 0.009）和不同季节（χ2 = 25.213,P＜0.001）达标率差异有统计学意义。多元logistic回归显示较高年龄组（以＜60岁组为参照,60～69岁组OR = 0.793,95%CI:0.710～0.884;70～79岁组OR = 0.642,95%CI:0.573～0.720;≥80岁组OR = 0.542,95%CI:0.466～0.630）、较高文化程度（以文盲为参照,初中组OR = 0.692,95%CI:0.517～0.927;高中及以上组OR = 0.619,95%CI:0.454～0.846）、城镇职工医保（OR = 0.844,95%CI:0.767～0.929）、秋季（OR = 0.829,95%CI:0.737～0.932）和冬季（OR = 0.861,95%CI:0.776～0.955）是HbA1c控制不达标的保护因素,吸烟（OR = 1.227,95%CI:1.091～1.381）和戒烟（OR = 1.434,95%CI:1.096～1.874）、超重（OR = 1.130,95%CI:1.040～1.228）和肥胖（OR = 1.144,95%CI:1.023～1.280）、较长糖尿病病程（以＜2年组为参照,2～5.9年组OR = 1.126,95%CI:1.015～1.248;6～7.9年组OR = 1.587,95%CI:1.432～1.758;≥8年组OR = 1.737,95%CI:1.540～1.958）是HbA1c控制不达标的危险因素。结论 武进区糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白达标率低,尤其是低年龄、超重和肥胖、吸烟或戒烟、糖尿病病程长、文化程度低和城镇居民医保患者,应采取相应措施提高糖化血红蛋白达标率。     

Occupational injuries among workers with diabetes: the National Health Interview Survey, 1997-2005

OBJECTIVE:: To assess associations between diabetes and occupational injury. METHODS:: Data from the 1997 to 2005 National Health Interview Survey comprised a sample of 195,284 adult workers. Multivariate logistic regression analysis assessed associations between diabetes and occupational injuries, adjusting for age, sex, race, and education. Additional logistic regression analysis examined the effect of medical therapy and duration of diabetes with occupational injury. RESULTS:: There was no significant association between diabetes and occupational injury (adjusted OR = 1.18; 95% CI = 0.86 to 1.61). Subgroups of diabetics who reported no current diabetes therapy (OR = 1.87; 95% CI = 1.01 to 3.47) or duration of diabetes longer than 12 years (OR = 1.83; 95% CI = 1.05 to 3.18) were at increased risk for occupational injury. CONCLUSION:: The finding of no overall increased risk for occupational injury among workers with diabetes provides nationally representative results that may be useful to policymakers. Increased risk for occupational injury among untreated diabetics or those with long duration of disease may lead to focused efforts to prevent occupational injuries.     

广西医务人员生物安全知行情况及其影响因素分析

目的 了解广西医务人员生物安全知识认知和行为执行情况,并探索其影响因素。方法 以方便抽样的方法对医务人员进行电子问卷调查,应用单因素检验和多因素logistic回归模型分析医务人员生物安全知行情况的影响因素。结果 共获得有效问卷489份,生物安全知识知晓率为79.6%,生物安全相关行为执行率为76.3%。防疫科室人员生物安全知识知晓率均高于医技科室及临床科室人员,行政科室人员生物安全知识知晓率最低（P＜0.05）;接受过生物安全岗前培训的医务人员生物安全知识知晓率高于未接受过培训的人员（P＜0.05）。logistic多因素分析显示,接受生物安全岗前培训（OR = 3.483,95%CI:2.174～5.581）、知晓生物安全知识（OR = 1.821,95%CI:1.091～3.040）的医务人员生物安全相关行为执行率高于对照;护士（OR = 3.841,95%CI:1.221～12.082）及临床医师（OR = 1.855,95%CI:1.050～3.277）生物安全相关行为执行率均高于公共卫生医师。结论 广西医务人员生物安全知识有待进一步加强,应加大生物安全岗前培训力度,支持和促进医务人员生物安全防控行为。     

流动人口职业病防治教育现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解流动人口职业病防治教育现状及影响因素。方法 运用SPSS 25.0软件对2017年全国流动人口卫生计生动态监测中的154586名流动人口的相关数据进行分析,主要分析方法有统计描述、χ2检验和二元logistic回归等。结果 154586名流动人口中,51578人接受过职业病防治教育,接受率为33.4%。二元logistic回归分析表明,男性（OR=1.165,95%CI:1.137~1.193）、30～44岁（OR=1.169,95%CI:1.088~1.256）、文化程度高中或中专（OR=1.278,95%CI:1.227~1.330）、在婚（OR=1.172,95%CI:1.134~1.211）、流动原因为经济性质（OR=1.283,95%CI:1.115~1.475）、流入西部地区（OR=1.749,95%CI:1.700~1.799）、有稳定工作（OR=1.071,95%CI:1.016~1.128）、机关或国企或股份联营企业（OR=1.765,95%CI:1.666~1.870）、自评状况为健康（OR=1.479,95%CI:1.363~1.606）的流动人口职业病防治教育接受率较高;未签订劳动合同（OR=0.684,95%CI:0.661~0.708）、未听过“国家基本公共卫生服务项目”（OR=0.231,95%CI:0.225~0.237）的流动人口职业病防治教育接受率较低。结论 流动人口职业病防治教育接受率较低,需加强流动人群职业病防治教育的宣传力度,提高职业病防治教育的覆盖面。     

School Injury Among Ottawa-Area Children: A Population-Based Study

BACKGROUND:  Injuries are the leading cause of death among Canadian children and are responsible for a substantial proportion of hospitalizations and emergency department visits. This investigation sought to identify the factors associated with the likelihood of sustaining an injury at school among Ottawa-area children.
METHODS:  Children presenting to Ottawa-area hospitals and urgent care clinics from January to December 2002 (n = 24,074) were included for analysis. The frequency of school injuries by sex, age group, type of injury, and hospitalization was analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the factors associated with sustaining an injury at school. The school activities most associated with injury and the most frequent types of school injuries were assessed.
RESULTS:  A total of 4287 Ottawa-area children were injured at school in 2002, representing 18% of all injuries. Children aged 5-9 years and 10-14 years were more likely to have school injuries than older children (aged 15-19 years) (OR = 3.07, 95% CI = 2.77-3.40 and OR = 3.10, 95% CI = 2.83-3.37, respectively). The most frequently encountered school injuries were fractures (n = 1132) and musculoskeletal injury (n = 907). The most frequent mechanisms of school injuries were "playing" (n = 1004) and "informal sports" (n = 1503).
CONCLUSIONS:  Many children get hurt at school, particularly during informal recreation activities. Environmental modification and increased supervision are strategies that may reduce school injuries.     

我国流动人口家庭医生服务签约现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解我国流动人口家庭医生服务签约现状及影响因素,提升流动人口基本医疗卫生服务均等化水平,保障和维护流动人口健康。方法 收集2018年5—8月全国流动人口卫生计生动态监测调查数据中138 955名流动人口相关数据,应用SPSS 25.0统计软件,主要分析方法有统计描述、χ2检验和二元logistic回归等。结果 流动人口家庭医生服务的签约率为12.3%,山西省流动人口家庭医生签约率最高,为48.6%,上海市最低,为1.6%。二元logistic回归分析表明,有配偶（OR = 1.284,95%CI:1.202～1.372）、流动时间为6～9年（OR = 1.090,95%CI:1.029～1.154）、流入中部地区（OR = 1.133,95%CI:1.080～1.189）、社会性质流动（OR = 1.002,95%CI:0.984～1.197）、家庭月收入少于3 000元（OR = 1.497,95%CI:1.391～1.611）、自评健康（OR = 1.092,95%CI:1.023～1.165）、已建立健康档案（OR = 38.932,95%CI:36.788～41.201）、接受过健康教育（OR = 2.488,95%CI:2.290～2.702）的流动人口签约率较高,而年龄15～24岁（OR = 0.718,95%CI:0.619～0.832）、文化程度高中及以下（OR = 0.833,95%CI:0.766～0.907）、跨省流动（OR = 0.825,95%CI:0.782～0.871）、主要职业为生产及运输业人员（OR = 0.868,95%CI:0.818～0.921）的流动人口签约率较低。结论 目前,流动人口家庭医生签约服务开展情况并不理想,年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、流动时间、流动范围等为是否签约家庭医生服务的影响因素。     

流动人口孕产妇产前保健服务利用现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解流动人口孕产妇产前保健服务利用情况并分析其影响因素,为改善流动人口孕产妇的产前保健质量、保障其身心健康提供参考。方法 对2018年全国流动人口卫生计生动态监测问卷中的6 285名流动人口孕产妇相关数据进行分析,主要分析方法有统计描述、χ2检验、Fisher精确性检验和二元logistic回归分析等。结果 流动人口孕产妇产前建档率为95.1%,产前检查达标率为88.7%。二元logistic回归分析表明,本人文化程度为初中（OR = 0.358,95%CI:0.196～0.654;OR = 0.651,95%CI:0.454～0.933）、家庭月均收入3 000元以下（OR = 0.394,95%CI:0.236～0.660;OR = 0.419,95%CI:0.293～0.597）、未接受过妇幼和生殖健康教育（OR = 0.512,95%CI:0.397～0.659;OR = 0.756,95%CI:0.639～0.893）的流动人口孕产妇产前档案建立情况和产前检查达标情况均较差,配偶文化程度在初中及以下（OR = 0.592,95% CI:0.424～0.827）的孕产妇产前检查达标情况较差;流入东部地区（OR = 1.436,95% CI:1.071～1.925;OR = 1.394,95%CI:1.138～1.708）的孕产妇产前档案建立情况、产前检查达标情况较好,流动范围为跨县流动（OR = 1.481,95%CI:1.106～1.982）的孕产妇产前档案建立情况较好。结论 流动人口孕产妇产前保健服务利用情况相对较好,但仍存在可改善空间,应继续推进基本公共卫生服务均等化,提高产前保健服务质量。