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本文综述由间充质干细胞来源的外泌体对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的治疗作用,提示间充质干细胞来源的外泌体是一种未来可期的治疗急性心肌梗死的潜在途径.间充质干细胞来源的外泌体可以通过改善心肌细胞能量代谢、调节炎症反应、抑制细胞死亡发挥保护心肌的作用,多种非编码RNA分子在其中发挥重要作用,调整其在外泌体中的含量可以增强外泌体的治疗... 相似文献
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[摘要] 间充质干细胞(MSCs)具有多向分化和旁分泌生物活性因子的功能,从而在免疫调节、抗炎、血管生成和抗凋亡等方面发挥作用,广泛应用于临床的细胞治疗中。MSCs来源的外泌体既可携带MSCs的遗传信息,又比MSCs更易于储存和维持MSCs的功能,有利于多种组织损伤后的修复与再生。该文就MSCs及其外泌体生物学特性及功能、MSCs外泌体在不同疾病中的作用及机制作一综述。 相似文献
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心肌梗死(MI)具有较高的死亡率,大面积MI后幸存的患者,常因心肌结构重构而逐渐发展为心力衰竭,预后往往欠佳。近来研究发现,骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow mesenchymal stemcells,BMSCs)作为多潜能干细胞,对受损的心肌具有积极的修复作用,为改善MI患者的预后提供了一个新途径。本文主要就BMSCs修复受损心肌的相关机制作一综述。 相似文献
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Emerging role for bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells in myocardial regenerative therapy 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Current treatments for ischemic cardiomyopathy are aimed toward minimizing the deleterious consequences of diseased myocardium.
The possibility of treating heart failure by generating new myocardium and vascular tissue has been an impetus toward recent
stem cell research. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), also referred to as marrow stromal cells, differentiate into a wide variety
of lineages, including myocardial and endothelial cells. The multi–lineage potential of MSCs, their ability to elude detection
by the host immune system, and their relative ease of expansion in culture make MSCs a very promising source of stem cells
for transplantation. In addition, emerging experimental results with MSCs offer novel mechanistic insights into cardiac regenerative
therapy in general. Here we review the characterization of MSCs, animal and human trials studying MSCs in cardiomyogenesis
and vasculogenesis in postinfarct myocardium, routes of delivery, and potential mechanisms of stem cell repair. 相似文献
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目的探讨骨髓间充质干细胞(MSC)对大脑中动脉缺血再灌注大鼠的治疗作用。方法雄性SD大鼠30只,以线栓法制成缺血再灌注模型,成功大鼠23只,随机分为3组,早期MSC治疗组(8只)、晚期MSC治疗组(8只)和对照组(7只)。术后每3天对各组大鼠进行神经功能评估,28天后处死大鼠,荧光倒置显微镜下观察MSC进入大鼠体内后神经元特异性烯醇化酶的表达。结果早期MSC治疗组大鼠神经功能恢复较对照组明显提前,MSC治疗14天后与对照组比较无显著差异。MSC治疗28天后梗死灶边缘可见少量神经元特异性烯醇化酶和5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶双染细胞。晚期MSC治疗组大鼠神经功能恢复与对照组比较无显著差异。结论大鼠大脑中动脉缺血再灌注后早期静脉注射MSC治疗可明显加速神经功能的恢复。 相似文献
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溶栓、经皮冠状动脉介入治疗及常规药物治疗可挽救许多急性心肌梗死患者的生命,但不能从根本上恢复心肌细胞数量。骨髓间充质干细胞(BM-MSCS)是骨髓中一种具有多向分化潜能的细胞,可被诱导分化为心肌样细胞,改善梗死区的血液供应及心肌重构,为心肌梗死的治疗带来了新的希望。本文就BM-MSCS移植治疗心肌梗死的方式,移植的时机及临床应用等方面作一综述。 相似文献
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Halkos ME Zhao ZQ Kerendi F Wang NP Jiang R Schmarkey LS Martin BJ Quyyumi AA Few WL Kin H Guyton RA Vinten-Johansen J 《Basic research in cardiology》2008,103(6):525-536
Transplantation of stem cells may improve regional perfusion and post-infarct ventricular function, but the optimal dose and
efficacy of cell delivery via the intravenous route has not been determined. This study tested the hypothesis that intravenous
infusion of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) enhances regional perfusion and improves ventricular function
after myocardial infarction. In a closed-chest pig model, the LAD coronary artery was occluded for 75 min by angioplasty balloon
inflation followed by 12 weeks of reperfusion. After 15 min of reperfusion, pigs randomly received 1 of 4 treatments: (1)
Vehicle (Control, n = 10); (2) 1 × 106 MSCs/kg (1 mill, n = 7); (3) 3 × 106 MSCs/kg (3 mill, n = 8) and (4) 10 × 106 MSCs/kg (10 mill, n = 8). Angiogenesis was demonstrated by immunohistochemical staining, myocardial blood flow (steady state and vasodilator
reserve) was measured using 15 μm neutron-activated microspheres, and cardiac function was determined by contrast left ventriculography
(ejection fraction) and pressure–volume relationships. After 12 week of reperfusion, von Willebrand Factor-positive vessels
and tissue vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the scar zone was significantly greater in all MSCs-treated
animals relative to Control. Steady state myocardial blood flow in the scar tissue was comparable among groups. However, adenosine
recruited vasodilator reserve in the scar zone induced by intracoronary adenosine was significantly higher in the MSC-treated
animals compared to Control. Furthermore, preload-recruitable stroke work and systolic performance were significantly greater
compared to Control. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that intravenous delivery of MSCs during early reperfusion augments
vasculogenesis, enhances regional perfusion, and improves post-infarct ventricular function. The results suggest that intravenous
infusion of MSCs is an effective modality for the treatment of ischemia/reperfusion induced myocardial injury.
Returned for 1. Revision: 11 April 2008 1. Revision received: 30 May 2008 Returned for 2. Revision: 11 June 2008 2. Revision
received: 7 July 2008 Returned for 3. Revision: 9 July 2008 3. Revision received: 14 July 2008 相似文献
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目的 观察自体骨骼间充质干细胞移植对犬缺血心肌的修复作用.方法 通过结扎犬冠状动脉左前降支近端建立心肌梗死(MI)模型.自每只犬的髂后上棘抽取骨髓进行分离、培养、扩增骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs).2周后用二脒苯基吲哚(DAPI)标记自体MSCs后二次开胸注射到MI瘢痕区及其周围.对照组注射等量无血清培养基.细胞移植前3 d及移植后4周分别行超声心动图和心肌灌注显影检查.结果 细胞移植后4周,两组犬全部存活,超声心动图显示实验组左室射血分数(EF)、每搏量(SV)、左室短轴缩短率(FS)、左室舒张末期内径(LVD)、左室收缩末内径(LVS)分别为56.72%±4.90%、(33.24±8.50)ml、26.16%±3.33%、(3.85±0.36)cm、(2.83±0.30)cm,与移植前的50.40%±6.31%、(25.49±7.67)ml、21.86%±3.04%、(4.24±0.41)cm、(3.14±0.30)cm相比,P均<0.05;而对照组4周后左室上述指标较移植前差异不显著(P均>0.05).99mTc-MIBI检查显示细胞移植组原心尖部、前壁缺损区再填充明显,而对照组原心尖部、前壁缺损区再填充不明显.结论 自体MSCs移植能有效地修复损伤的心肌并提高心功能. 相似文献
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心肌梗死可引起心肌细胞的丢失,进而引起心脏功能的下降,是心力衰竭最主要的病因。骨髓间充质干细胞(BM—MSCs)是一类具有横向分化为各系统器官和组织能力的干细胞,能补充丢失的心肌细胞并通过旁分泌等机制增强心功能,为心肌梗死提供一种全新的治疗方法,极具发展潜力。本文对BM—MSCs的分离培养、诱导因素、移植以及临床研究等方面进行了综述。 相似文献
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间充质干细胞来源的微粒是间充质干细胞在静息或活化状态下释放到细胞外基质中直径30~1 000 nm的膜性小囊泡.最近的研究发现干细胞来源的微粒可以有效地转运mRNA、miRNA和蛋白质等生物活性物质,在调控组织再生修复方面发挥重要作用.本文综述干细胞微粒的形成机制、生物学特性及在肺脏疾病中主要作用的研究进展,为干细胞肺组织修复机制研究提供新的思路. 相似文献
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目的:探讨胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)预处理对骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)心肌再生及抗炎效果的影响。方法:10μg/L的IGF-1预处理MSCs,流式细胞仪分析趋化因子受体4的表达;建立大鼠心肌梗死模型,尾静脉分别注射不含MSCs的100μl培养液(对照组),含经IGF-1预处理的MSCs(IGF-1-MSCs组)和无预处理的MSCs(MSCs组),每组8只大鼠;MSCs移植4周后观察心肌组织炎性因子(肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-1β和白细胞介素-6)在mRNA和蛋白水平的表达,分析移植细胞的归巢率,连接蛋白43(CX43)的表达,心肌特异性蛋白肌钙蛋白T的表达。结果:流式细胞术显示MSCs经IGF-1预处理48h后的趋化因子受体4显著增高。IGF-1-MSCs组MSCs移植4周后:①更多的MSCs归巢到心肌梗死周边区(P<0.05);②显著增加梗死周边区肌钙蛋白T阳性细胞(P<0.05)和CX43密度(P<0.05);③降低了心肌梗死后心肌炎性因子的表达。结论:IGF-1预处理能够显著提高MSCs的心肌再生能力,并提高其在梗死心肌中的抗炎效果。 相似文献
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目的探讨静脉移植缺血预处理的间充质干细胞(MSCs)对梗死心肌的修复作用。方法选择纯种大白兔46只制作心肌梗死模型,分为缺氧预处理MSCs移植组(A组)、非缺氧预处理MSCs移植组(B组)和对照组,于心肌梗死后30d分别检测心功能、梗死心肌的形态学变化以及新生毛细血管密度。结果与对照组比较,A、B组左心室收缩末期内径、舒张末期内径降低,心功能提高,室壁厚度增加,心肌梗死面积缩小,梗死区和梗死边缘区新生毛细血管密度增加(P〈0.05)。结论MSCs移植治疗兔心肌梗死可改善心功能、缩小梗死面积、增加梗死心肌新生毛细血管密度,经缺氧预处理的MSCs移植治疗更有优势。 相似文献