氨氯地平治疗高血压对左室肥厚及血清hsCRP和BNP的影响

目的探讨血清高敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)及脑钠素(BNP)与原发性高血压伴左室肥厚(LVH)的相关性,并观察氨氯地平治疗对hsCRP和BNP的影响。方法轻、中度高血压患者120例,根据左室质量指数(LVMI)分为左室肥厚(LVH)组和无左室肥厚(NLVH)组,均给予以氨氯地平(络活喜)治疗6个月,观察血清hsCRP、BNP、LVMI治疗前后及组间变化,并与健康对照组40例对比。结果氨氯地平治疗前,LVH组与NLVH组血清hsCRP、BNP均比健康对照组高(P<0.01),且LVH组高于NLVH组(P<0.01);治疗后LVH组LVMI、血清BNP、hsCRP下降(P<0.01,P<0.05);NLVH组治疗后血清LVMI、BNP降低,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),血清hsCRP降低(P<0.05)。血压与血清hsCRP浓度呈正相关(r=0.31,P<0.05),血清BNP浓度与LVMI呈正相关(r=0.43,P<0.01)。结论氨氯地平不仅可以使血压平稳下降,还可逆转高血压伴左室肥厚。     

一氧化氮内皮素与高血压病左室肥厚的相关研究

目的 :探讨一氧化氮 (NO)、内皮素 (ET)的变化与高血压病左室肥厚 (LVH)的关系。方法 :高血压组 6 7例 (其中伴左室肥厚者 30例 ) ,正常对照组 30例 ,以放免法测定血浆ET、硝酸还原酶法经比色测算血清NO ,彩色多普勒超声测定左室结构和功能。结果 :高血压(EH)组血浆ET水平高于对照组 ,血清NO水平低于对照组 (P均 <0 0 1) ,EH伴LVH组ET水平高于NO水平低于不伴LVH组 (P均 <0 0 1) ;左室重量指数 (LVMI)与ET、血压水平呈正相关 (r分别为 :0 4 19、0 4 79,P均 <0 0 1) ,与NO水平呈负相关 (r =- 0 4 93,P <0 0 1)。多元逐步回归分析显示 :ET对LVH作用显著 (r =0 6 6 0 ,P <0 0 1)。EH早期就有左室舒张功能受损 ,出现LVH时 ,舒张功能损害加重。结论 :NO、ET对高血压及左室肥厚形成有一定作用。LVH影响心脏的舒、缩功能     

原发性高血压患者血清脑钠素水平变化及临床意义

目的:探讨原发性高血压(EH)左心室肥厚及左室舒张功能障碍患者血清脑钠素(BNP)水平变化及其意义。方法:采用超声心动图测定左心室质量指数(LVMI),舒张早期血流峰值(E)/舒张晚期血流峰值(A)比值,将68例EH患者分别分为左心室肥厚(LVH)与无左心室肥厚(NLVH)组;左室舒张功能障碍组与无左室舒张功能障碍组。采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定血清BNP水平,并与30例正常对照组进行对比分析。结果:EH患者血清BNP水平明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01),伴LVH血清BNP水平较NLVH明显升高(P<0.01);伴左室舒张功能障碍患者血清BNP水平显著高于无舒张功能障碍患者及正常对照组(P<0.01)。结论:原发性高血压患者BNP水平明显升高,检测血清BNP水平将有助于了解高血压病患者左室肥厚及舒张功能改变。     

原发性高血压左室肥厚与血尿酸和N端脑钠肽前体的相关性研究

目的:检测原发性高血压(EH)病人血清中尿酸(UA)、N端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)的浓度,分析其浓度变化及其与左心室肥厚的关系。方法:80例EH病人分为高血压合并左心室肥厚组(LVH组,n=40)和高血压无左心室肥厚组(NLVH组,n=40);健康对照组30例。检测血清NT-proBNP及UA浓度,并行心脏超声检查测定各组病人舒张末期左心室内径(LVDd)、舒张末期室间隔厚度(IVST)、左心室后壁厚度(LVPWT)。结果:LVH组UA与NT-proBNP高于NLVH组,NLVH组高于对照组(均P<0.05),LVH组UA与NT-proBNP与左室质量指数(LVMI)呈正相关。结论:合并LVH的EH病人血清UA与NT-proBNP浓度明显增高,EH病人LVH程度与UA、NT-proBNP水平相关。UA与NT-proBNP是高血压病人左室肥厚的危险因素。     

血浆ET和CGRP与高血压左室肥厚的关系研究现状

目的：探讨高血压左室肥厚与血浆ET和CGRP的关系的研究现状。方法：阅读国内外大量相关文献，加以归纳总结，得出结论。结果：血浆ET可能是一种促高血压左室肥厚因子，CGRP可能是一种抗高血压左室肥厚因子。结论：左室肥厚是高血压病人左室重构的重要表现，是发生心、脑血管事件的一个独立危险因素，逆转LVH成为抗高血压治疗的重要目标，通过某种途径使血浆ET浓度下降和CGRP浓度的升高，可能有助于高血压与高血压左室肥厚的治疗。     

原发性高血压患者血清PIP水平的变化及其与ET-1相关性的研究

目的分析原发性高血压病患者血清胶原代谢的标志物I型前胶原羧基端肽(PIP)水平的变化,并探讨其与血浆内皮素(ET-1)水平之间的关系。方法研究对象包括50例高血压病患者和44例健康对照者。采用双抗体夹心ABC-ELISA法测定血清PIP浓度,放射免疫分析法(RIA)测定血浆ET-1浓度。采用彩色超声心动图诊断仪进行检查,将高血压病患者分为心肌肥厚组(LVH)和非心肌肥厚组(NLVH)。结果显示LVH、NLVH两组PIP、ET-1水平与正常对照组相比均显著升高(P<0.01),而且LVH组PIP、ET-1水平明显高于NLVH组(P<0.05)。直线相关分析发现,高血压病患者的血清PIP浓度与ET-1水平呈明显正相关(r=0.440,P<0.01)。结论高血压病患者体内胶原合成增加,左室肥厚患者更加明显,高血压病患者发生不同程度心肌纤维化,而且左室肥厚患者心肌纤维化程度更加严重,内皮素在心肌纤维化中可能具有一定作用。     

内皮素与高血压患者血压水平及左室肥厚的相关性研究

目的 :探讨高血压病 (EH)患者血浆内皮素 (ET)浓度与血压水平及左室肥厚 (LVH)的关系 ;方法 :高血压组 49例 ,正常对照组 2 0例。以特异性放射免疫方法测定血浆ET水平 ,超声心动图诊断LVH ;结果 :EH组血浆ET(90 2 3± 2 2 2 6pg ml)显著高于正常对照组 (66 88± 1 6.0 5 pg ml,P <0 0 1 ) ,轻度EH时ET(83 5 7± 2 2 .2 7pg ml)已有升高 ,中重度 (98 5 4± 2 2 3 4pg ml)高于轻度 (P <0 0 1 ) ,血浆ET与血压水平呈正相关 (r =0 65 7,P <0 0 1 )。EH合并LVH组ET(1 41 0 3± 2 5 78pg ml)较不合并LVH组 (85 1 0± 1 9 91 pg ml)显著增高 (P <0 0 1 ) ,ET值与左室心肌重量指数 (LV MI)呈正相关 (r =0 41 8,P <0 0 1 )。结论 :ET与血压升高关系密切 ,ET对EH的发生及LVH的形成有重要作用。     

声学定量技术评价原发性高血压病患者的左室功能

目的评价原发性高血压病患者的左室功能变化。方法正常对照组包括38例正常人，67例原发性高血压（EH）患者分为高血压无左室肥厚组（NLVH）和高血压伴左室肥厚组（LVH），应用声学定量技术观测左室的功能变化。结果与对照组相比，高血压组AF、PAFR、PER均显著增大（P〈0．05～0．01），RF／AF减小（P〈0．05）；与高血压病NLVH组相比，高血压LVH组RF、TF、PRFR均减低且差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；与对照组相比，LVH组PRFR／PAFR降低且差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论高血压病患者左室充盈异常，舒张早期充盈减低，舒张晚期充盈增强；高血压LVH组左室舒张早期充盈受损重于高血压NLVH组；高血压病的舒张功能障碍在心肌肥厚前已经发生，心肌肥厚发生后，舒张功能障碍加重。     

蒙古族原发性高血压患者血浆中生物活性肽的测定

目的：探讨血浆中ANP、ET和CGRP在蒙古族原发性高血压发病中的作用。方法：受试者分为蒙古族高血压组、蒙古族对照组,汉族高血压组和汉族对照组,采用放射免疫法测定ANP、ET和CGRT。结果：汉族原发性高血压患者血浆ANP、ET和CGRP的浓度与对照组没有统计学意义;蒙古族原发性高血压患者血浆ANP和CGRP浓度比汉族原发性高血压患者及对照组高（P＜0．01）。结论：蒙古族原发性高血压的发病机制可能不同于汉族原发性高血压患者,血浆中ANP和CGRP浓度增加可能是蒙古族高血压患病率较高的原因之一。     

高血压病左室肥厚与血浆BNP浓度变化的关系探讨

目的：探讨BNP水平与高血压病伴左心室肥厚及舒张功能减退之间的关系。方法：入选70例EH患者和20例对照组应用彩色多普勒超声技术测量受试者左心室的结构和功能,根据测量用Devereux公式计算左室重量指数（LVMI）。且以男〉125 g/m2,女〉120 g/m2为标准,将受试者分为对照组（control group,n=20）、非左心室肥厚组（NLVH,n=44）,左心室肥厚组（LVH,n=26）。观察心脏彩超各测量值的组间差别和与血清BNP的关系。并采用免疫荧光抗体技术,测定其血浆中BNP浓度,将BNP与心脏彩超各测量数值作直线相关分析。结果：对照组、NLVH组、LVH组血浆BNP水平和LVMI都呈现出依次显著升高,差异有显著性（P〈0.001）。e/a比值依次显著降低（均P〈0.001）。以患者心脏超声各参数与BNP浓度行直线相关回归分析显示,BNP与IVST、LVPWT和LVMI呈正相关,与e/a比值呈负相关。与LVEDd、LVEF无相关性。结论：血浆BNP水平能较好地反映原发性高血压患者左室肥厚及舒张性心功能异常状况。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.