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1.
Objective
This study aimed at identifying the acceptance of women living with HIV in relation to status disclosure.Method
This cross sectional study involved 235 women with HIV positive in Public Health Centre in Jakarta, Indonesia, who were chosen with a consecutive sampling. We used a modified Acceptance of Disease and Impairments Questionnaire (ADIQ) as the instrument.Results
The median score of acceptance was 3 (SD 0.72) in the range of 2.79 to 2.98 at 95% confidence interval. More than half of the respondent (65%) are housewives and 50% of them got infected from their spouses. It was also found that status disclosure was associated with the women acceptance towards HIV (p < 0.05)Conclusions
The acceptance of HIV-positive women is influenced by status disclosure which can be positive or negative. This study suggests nurses to consider the grief response of the women with HIV positive to facilitate their acceptance and better adaptation to the illness. 相似文献2.
Objective
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of acceptance and commitment therapy on anxiety in patients with stroke, especially during the first stage of recovery.Method
This quantitative study featured a quasi-experimental design without a control group and was conducted in the stroke ward of a public hospital. The 33 respondents were selected via consecutive sampling. The data analysis was completed using the paired t-test.Results
The use of acceptance and commitment therapy significantly the signs and symptoms of anxiety in patients with stroke (p-value = < 0.005). Specifically, acceptance and commitment therapy effectively decreases anxiety levels from a moderate level to a mild level in clients who are recovering from stroke.Conclusions
Acceptance and commitment therapy is a recommended treatment for reducing anxiety in stroke patients. The design of this study can be further developed to include a control group. 相似文献3.
Objective
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of combining acceptance and commitment therapy with family psycho education on increased insight, diminished symptoms, and the client's improved ability to control violent behavior.Method
The design of this study was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest utilizing intervention and control groups. The intervention group consisted of 33 people, and the control group was composed of 33 people. Data was collected before and after respondents received both acceptance and commitment therapy and family psycho education.Results
The study showed that patient insight improved significantly, the signs and symptoms of violent behavior decreased, and the client's ability to control such behavior improved with a p value < 0.05 in the intervention group after they received acceptance and commitment therapy and family psycho education. In the control group, patient insight did not improved significantly, showing a p value > 0.05. Therefore, our study recommends that acceptance and commitment therapy and family psycho education should be given to patients with schizophrenia to improve insight into their disease, decrease signs and symptoms of violent behavior and improve their ability to control violent behavior. 相似文献4.
Effects of exercise training in water and on land in patients with COPD: a randomised clinical trial
J.M. Felcar V.S. Probst D.R. de Carvalho M.F. Merli R. Mesquita L.S. Vidotto L.R.G. Ribeiro F. Pitta 《Physiotherapy》2018,104(4):408-416
Objectives
To compare the effects of two similar 6-month protocols of high-intensity exercise training, in water and on land, in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Design
Randomised controlled trial.Setting
University-based outpatient clinic.Participants
Thirty-six patients with predominantly moderate-to-severe COPD completed the study.Intervention
Patients were evaluated at baseline, at 3 months and at the end of the programme (i.e. 6 months). For both groups, the 6-month protocol consisted of high-intensity endurance and strength exercises with gradual increase in time and/or workload, totalling 60 sessions.Main outcomes
Objective monitoring of physical activity in daily life (PADL, primary outcome), lung function, peripheral and respiratory muscle strength, body composition, maximal and submaximal exercise capacity, functional status, quality of life, and symptoms of anxiety and depression.Results
After 6 months of training, a significant improvement in PADL was seen for both groups [mean difference (95% confidence interval): land group 993 (358 to 1628) steps/day; water group 1669 (404 to 2934) steps/day]. Significant improvements were also seen in inspiratory, expiratory and peripheral muscle strength; maximal and submaximal exercise capacity; quality of life and functional status for both groups. There were no significant improvements in lung function, body composition, and symptoms of anxiety and depression for either group. No difference was found in the magnitude of improvement between the two types of training for any outcome.Conclusion
High-intensity exercise training in water generates similar effects compared with training on land in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD, rendering it an equally beneficial therapeutic option for this population.Clinical trial registration number
NCT01691131. 相似文献5.
Objectives
this study aimed to identify the influence of health education about HIV/AIDS towards enhancing knowledge and HIV prevention efforts in household wives.Method
A quasy experimental design with pretest and posttest nonequivalent control group study was conducted among housewives in Rumbai Pekanbaru, Riau Province from March to August 2018. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 144 housewives. A total of 72 intervention groups and 72 control groups. The intervention group was given health education with videos and leaflets. A questionnaire that it tested for validity and reliability has been applied. The Paired-Samples T-Test and Independent Samples T-Test were applied to analyze data.Results
There were differences in pretest and posttest preventive knowledge and prevention behavior scores on HIV in the intervention group (p-value = 0.000). However, there was no significant difference in prevention behavior in the control group (p-value = 0.0120). Based on this results, it can be concluded that health education can increase the knowledge and behavior of prevention of HIV/AIDS in household wives (p-value = 0.000).Recommendation
The health education on HIV/AIDS counseling and testing are key interventions for reducing number of HIV/AIDS cases. It is recommended that housewives to conduct HIV status on health services, and for HIV program holders are expected to increase the frequency of health education by using attractive media and VCT mobile services in order to reach more housewives. 相似文献6.
Objective
To identify and explore the feelings and experiences of people living with knee pain as a precursor to exploring how this might contribute to improved care in the future.Design
The qualitative meta-synthesis was undertaken in three parts (1) a systematic search of the literature, (2) a critical appraisal of the relevant studies and (3) meta-aggregation of the findings from the selected studies. A qualitative meta-synthesis is a process that enables researchers to answer a specific research question by combining and summarising a variety of qualitative sources. This was undertaken using a contextualist approach which acknowledges different realities exist but tries to determine an underlying ‘truth’.Setting
The participants from the selected studies were from a range of settings and ethnic groups, and cultural backgrounds.Participants
There were nine articles included in the meta-synthesis. Articles focused on the experiences of surgery, return to sport, or other aspects of care were excluded.Results
No articles were excluded following critical appraisal. Eleven categories were identified from 55 findings which resulted in two synthesised findings being identified: knee pain affects every aspect of life and Searching for the best way forward.Limitations
Articles were largely limited to older adults living with osteoarthritis. Many of the findings did not report demographic data. Only English language studies were included.Conclusion
Many people living with knee pain struggle to adapt to living with knee pain and this is often exacerbated by a lack of knowledge and available information to help them plan for the future.PROSPERO No
CRD42017070227. 相似文献7.
Evdokia Kalaitzidis Ann Harrington 《Collegian (Royal College of Nursing, Australia)》2018,25(5):509-515
Background
Worldwide research confirms that older people value autonomy, want to remain independent and want control over their lives for as long as possible. Accordingly, the aged care system in Australia is undergoing major government-initiated reforms and is moving towards consumer directed care.Aim
To explore the views of residents and care staff of resident decision-making, choice and control in the residential aged care context.Methods
Residents from across four residential aged care facilities in Adelaide were interviewed and staff focus groups were held. A thematic analysis of the data was conducted.Findings
Residents valued opportunities for privacy, communal engagement, productivity, negotiation with staff, and for opportunities to engage with systems of governance. How staff prioritise resident decision-making is influenced by the carer’s judgement of the resident’s characteristics and of the organisation’s rules and polices.Discussion
Older people living in residential care are no longer living in their own home but instead are dealing with organisational rules and routines framed by others upon whom they are dependent.Conclusion
The day-to-day decision-making process for residents is likely to remain complex due to residents having to take into account rules, regulations and policies operationalized through organisational channels. 相似文献8.
Objective
This study identified the association of the preexisting anxiety problem in women diagnosed with cervical cancer with their demographic characteristics.Method
This was a cross sectional study with 100 participants selected by purposive sampling method. Data were collected through Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) questionnaire and the medical records of participants.Results
Work status was the only demographic characteristic which was found to be statistically significantly related to the anxiety level of the participants before they were diagnosed with cervical cancer. Participants who worked at home as housewives were found to have higher anxiety level than those worked at the institutions or industry.Conclusions
Working women in this study were more likely to have the preexisting anxiety problem prior their cervical cancer diagnosis. This study implies the importance of promoting healthy lifestyle to manage daily stressors, considering various interrelated factors that may eventually contribute to cervical cancer development in women. 相似文献9.
10.
Background
Clinical performance assessment tools (CPATs) used in physiotherapy practice education need to be psychometrically sound and appropriate for use in all clinical settings in order to provide an accurate reflection of a student’s readiness for clinical practice. Current evidence to support the use of existing assessment tools is inconsistent.Objectives
To conduct a systematic review synthesising evidence relating to the psychometric and edumetric properties of CPATS used in physiotherapy practice education.Data sources
An electronic search of Web of Science, SCOPUS, Academic Search Complete, AMED, Biomedical Reference Collection, British Education Index, CINAHL plus, Education Full Text, ERIC, General Science Full Text, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, UK and Ireland Reference Centre databases was conducted identifying English language papers published in this subject area from 1985 to 2015.Study selection
20 papers were identified representing 14 assessment tools.Data extraction and synthesis
Two reviewers evaluated selected papers using a validated framework (Swing et al., 2009).Results
Evidence of psychometric testing was inconsistent and varied in quality. Reporting of edumetric properties was unpredictable in spite of its importance in busy clinical environments. No Class 1 recommendation was made for any of the CPATs, and no CPAT scored higher than Level C evidence.Conclusions
Findings demonstrate poor reporting of psychometric and edumetric properties of CPATs reviewed. A more robust approach is required when designing CPATs. Collaborative endeavour within the physiotherapy profession and interprofessionally may be key to further developments in this area and may help strengthen the rigour of such assessment processes. 相似文献11.
Background
Chest physiotherapy (CPT) is implemented before and after congenital heart disease (CHD) surgery in paediatrics to prevent and treat postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC). Currently, there are no systematic reviews or meta-analyses on the efficacy of CPT in this population.Objective
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether peri-operative CPT is safe and effective for paediatric patients with CHD.Data sources
A literature search was conducted on PEDro, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Informit, The Cochrane Library and Scopus in March and April 2016.Eligibility criteria
English peer-reviewed articles that utilised CPT before or after cardiac surgery for paediatric CHD. Systematic reviews were excluded.Data extraction and synthesis
Completed by two independent researchers using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool. Data were collated using a piloted data extraction tool. Mix Version 2.0.1.4 was used for meta-analysis, and data were extracted using an odds ratio (with a random effects model).Results
Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review. Variable results were found regarding the effect of CPT on peripheral oxygen saturation and pain. Meta-analysis showed that CPT did not prevent pneumonia (odds ratio (OR) 2.01; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.80 to 5.05; P = 0.13), and did not prevent or treat atelectasis (OR 1.27; 95% CI 0.18 to 8.87; P = 0.81).Limitations
There was a lack of high-quality studies. The included studies were comprised of heterogeneous treatment, limiting external validity.Conclusion
Active therapies such as mobilisation, deep breathing and incentive spirometry were more effective than passive treatment. Percussion led to oxygen desaturation, and percussion, vibration and suctioning increased the risk of developing atelectasis.Systematic review registration number CRD42015024768. 相似文献
12.
Sanisah Saidi Siti Nur Iliani Jaafar Azlina Daud Ramli Musa Nik Noor Fatnoon Nik Ahmad 《Enfermería clínica》2018
Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between levels of depression symptoms and age, thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, and stressful life events of the participants.Method
Patients above 18 years old, with any thyroid disorders, and without psychiatric disorders were included in this study. All participants completed the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21). The depression symptom score was calculated and interpreted as follows: less than 9: no depression; between 10 and 13: mild depression; between 14 and 20: moderate depression; between 21 and 27: severe depression, and more than 28: extremely severe depression.Results
The total number of participants in this study was 199. There was no correlation between age, thyroid stimulating hormone, and the DASS score. There was also no significant difference in the DASS-21 score between genders. However, there was a positive correlation between depression symptoms and stressful life events (r = 0.201, n = 199, p < 0.05).Conclusions
These findings would suggest that increased depression symptom scores correlate with increased stressful life events. A larger study should be undertaken to confirm these findings. 相似文献13.
Debra E Jackson Lisa A Durrant Marie Hutchinson Charlotte A Ballard Stephen Neville Kim Usher 《Collegian (Royal College of Nursing, Australia)》2018,25(4):409-414
Background
Pressure injury is a common problem. Its prevention and treatment is predominantly focussed on views, perceptions and knowledge of healthcare staff rather than on patient experience, particularly those patients living in their own homes.Aim
This paper reports findings on patients experiences and perceptions of loss associated with PI. These findings are drawn from a larger study of pressure injury patients living and receiving care in the community.Methods
Qualitative interviews with 12 participants with pressure injury and five carers. Data was audio recorded and thematically analysed. The study is reported in accordance with the COREQ guidelines.Findings
Having a pressure injury negatively affected many aspects of life for our participants resulting in multiple losses. These losses included loss of mobility and independence, privacy and dignity, and social engagement and ability to engage in preferred activities.Discussion
Although the effects of a pressure injury may be similar for many people, the most important issues will differ from person-to-person thus treatment and prevention of pressure injury requires a multidisciplinary team having a holistic care approach. Some patients’ pressure injury will never heal and it is increasingly important to involve the patient to find out what matters most to them and how their wound is impacting on them, to jointly develop a holistic, person-centred plan.Conclusion
Policy and practice should recognise and reflect that patients living with a pressure injury at home have different challenges and needs to those in acute or long term care. Pragmatic solutions in the delivery of pressure injury care are needed to compliment the drive to move healthcare from the hospital-to-home. 相似文献14.
Camila Cadena de Almeida Vinicius Z. Maldaner da Silva Gerson Cipriano Júnior Richard Eloin Liebano Joao Luiz Quagliotti Durigan 《Revista brasileira de fisioterapia (S?o Carlos (S?o Paulo, Brazil))》2018,22(5):347-354
Background
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential current have been widely used in clinical practice. However, a systematic review comparing their effects on pain relief has not yet been performed.Objectives
To investigate the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential current on acute and chronic pain.Methods
We use Pubmed, Embase, LILACS, PEDro and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials as data sources. Two independent reviewers that selected studies according to inclusion criteria, extracted information of interest and verified the methodological quality of the studies made study selection. The studies were selected if transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential current were used as treatment and they had pain as the main outcome, as evaluated by a visual analog scale. Secondary outcomes were the Western Ontario Macmaster and Rolland Morris Disability questionnaires, which were added after data extraction.Results
Eight studies with a pooled sample of 825 patients were included. The methodological quality of the selected studies was moderate, with an average of six on a 0–10 scale (PEDro). In general, both transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential current improved pain and functional outcomes without a statistical difference between them.Conclusion
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential current have similar effects on pain outcome The low number of studies included in this meta-analysis indicates that new clinical trials are needed. 相似文献15.
16.
17.
Background
The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) is often used in clinical practice to predict falls in the older adults. However, there is no consensus in research regarding its ability to predict falls.Objective
To verify whether the BBS can predict falls risk in older adults.Data source
Manual and electronic searches (Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Ageline, Lilacs, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and PEDro) were conducted using blocks of words (older adults, falls, BBS, study design) and their synonyms, with no language restrictions and published since 1989.Study selection criteria
Prognostic studies or clinical trials were used to assess the BBS and falls history.Data extraction and data synthesis
In this narrative synthesis, two independent assessors extracted data from articles and a third reviewer provided consensus, in case of disagreement. The methodological quality was assessed using the Quality In Prognosis Studies tool.Results
1047 studies were found and 8 studies were included in this review. The mean BBS score was high, regardless of the history of falls. Three studies presented cut-off scores for BBS, ranging from 45 to 51 points. Two studies reported a difference in the BBS score between fallers and non-fallers. Studies presented low to moderate risk of bias.Limitations
Unfeasible to conduct a meta-analysis due the heterogeneity of included studies.Conclusion
The evidence to support the use of BBS to predict falls is insufficient, and should not be used alone to determine the risk of falling in older adults.Systematic review registration number
PROSPERO CRD42016032309. 相似文献18.
Jaume Morera-Balaguer José Martín Botella-Rico Mari Carmen Martínez-González Francesc Medina-Mirapeix Óscar Rodríguez-Nogueira 《Revista brasileira de fisioterapia (S?o Carlos (S?o Paulo, Brazil))》2018,22(6):484-492
Background
Over recent years there has been a paradigm shift towards a patient-centred biopsychosocial care model in physical therapy. This new paradigm features a growing interest in understanding the contextual factors that influence the patient's experience of disease, pain and recovery. This includes generalized consensus regarding the importance of establishing a therapeutic relationship that is centred on the patient.Objective
To explore physical therapists’ perceptions and experiences regarding barriers and facilitators of therapeutic patient-centred relationships in outpatient rehabilitation settings.Methods
This is a qualitative study with four focus groups including twenty-one physical therapists. Two researchers conducted the focus groups, using a topic guide with predetermined questions. The focus group discussions were audiotaped and videotaped, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically using a modified grounded theory approach.Results
Physical therapists perceived that the therapeutic patient-centred relationship not only depends on the personal qualities of the professional, but also on the patient's attitudes and the characteristics of the context, including the organization and team coordination.Conclusions
Although being more linked towards the patients’ contextual factors and needs than towards the practice of the profession, a therapeutic relationship is worth considering by physical therapists. Furthermore this study highlights the need for physical therapists and administrators to rethink the situation and propose strategies for improvement. 相似文献19.
Donna Wang Bronwyn Everett Tiffany Northall Amy R. Villarosa Yenna Salamonson 《Collegian (Royal College of Nursing, Australia)》2018,25(4):457-465
Background
There is increasing concern regarding autonomy and quality of life for older people living in residential aged care. Failure to provide food choices and suitable dining environments has been reported to negatively impact their nutritional status, undermining their sense of autonomy and quality of life.Aim
This paper presents an integrative review of studies on food choices in residential aged care and explores the relationships between food choices, autonomy and quality of life.Methods
Search of nine databases CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, ProQuest, Cochrane, Embase, AMED, and Social Science Citation Index, identified nine primary articles. The Critical Appraisal Skill Program tool was used to examine the quality of these articles.Findings
Three key themes were identified: (1) Prevalence of food choices and catering for residents’ preference; (2) Importance of food choices to nutritional status; (3) Impact of food choices on autonomy and quality of life. The importance of increasing staff awareness and a need to develop aged care regulation to ensure adequate food choices provided.Discussion
The importance of increasing staff awareness regarding the interrelatedness of respecting older people’s food choices, autonomy and quality of life is identified. The needs of determining aged care regulation and accreditation standards were also highlighted.Conclusion
Failure to provide satisfying food choices impacts older people’s quality of life. However, the strength of the relationships between food choices, autonomy and quality of life requires further study. 相似文献20.