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1.
Kazuki Yokota Hiroo Uchida Akihide Tanano Chiyoe Shirota Takahisa Tainaka Akinari Hinoki Naruhiko Murase Kazuo Oshima Ryo Shirotsuki Kosuke Chiba 《Pediatric surgery international》2016,32(9):875-879
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous steroid pulse therapy following balloon dilatation for esophageal stenosis and stricture in children.Methods
The study enrolled six children, including three with congenital esophageal stenosis and three with anastomotic strictures after surgery for esophageal atresia, all of whom were treated by balloon dilatation combined with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy. Methylprednisolone was injected intravenously at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day for 2 days, starting from the day of dilatation, followed by 10 mg/kg/day for 2 days, for a total of 4 days.Results
Esophageal stricture recurred in all three patients with congenital esophageal stenosis despite repeated balloon dilatation without methylprednisolone. However, the symptoms of dysphagia improved and did not recur after systemic steroid pulse therapy following balloon dilatation. Symptoms also resolved in all three patients with anastomotic strictures following balloon dilatation with systemic steroid pulse therapy. All six patients remained asymptomatic after 6–21 months follow-up, with no complications.Conclusion
Intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy following balloon dilatation is safe and effective for the treatment of esophageal stenosis and strictures in children.2.
Eman B. Kamaleldeen Hanaa A. Mohammad Ebtsam F. Mohamed Ahmed G. Askar 《The Gazette of the Egyptian Paediatric Association》2018,66(4):85-90
Background
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) carries a long-term burden of increased microvascular complications in the form of nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. As the incidence of T1DM continues to rise, the burden of microvascular complications will also increase and negatively influence the prognosis of young patients. Microalbuminuria (MA) represents the earliest clinical indication of diabetic nephropathy and is a predictor of increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Our study’s aim was to determine the prevalence of microvascular complications among type 1 diabetic patients in Assiut University Children Hospital, Upper Egypt and to find out its correlation with various risk factors.Methods
The study was cross-sectional one carried on a sample of 180 type 1 diabetic children and adolescents aged from 6 to 21??years. Patients were subjected to full history taking, physical examination, and investigations of HbA1c, lipid profile, early morning spot urine albumin/creatinine ratio as well as fundus examination.Results
The prevalence of microalbuminuria was 20.5%, macroalbuminuria was 7.8%, diabetic retinopathy was 1.1%, and diabetic neuropathy was 5.5%. Patients with microvascular complications had a significantly higher frequency of DKA (39.2% vs. 10.6%, p?=?0.000) and hypoglycemic attacks (47.1% vs. 29.5%, p?=?0.001) than those without microvascular complications. Furthermore, studied patients with microvascular complications had significantly higher mean?±?SD HbA1c (9.99?±?1.61 vs. 8.51?±?1.5, p?=?0.000) and serum cholesterol (174.98?±?48.12 vs. 166.26?±?43.28, p?=?0.05) in comparison to patients without microvascular complications.Conclusion
The prevalence rate of microvascular complications was considerably high among diabetic patients in Assiut governorate, Egypt especially with poor glycemic control and dyslipidemia. Regular screening for microvascular complications is recommended for all diabetic patients, as early treatment is critical for reducing cardiovascular risks and slowing the progression to late stages of diabetic nephropathy. 相似文献3.
Sameh S. Fahmey Hassan Fathy Khadiga Abo Gabal Howida Khairy 《The Gazette of the Egyptian Paediatric Association》2018,66(4):100-102
Objective
The purpose of this study is to assess cardiac troponin T(cTnT) in neonates with respiratory distress as a marker of myocardial dysfunction.Study Design
Eighty neonates with respiratory distress and 20 healthy infants were included in the study. Patients were subdivided into 4 groups according to the etiology. Serum cardiac troponin T was measured using ELISA technique.Results
Cardiac troponin T levels were significantly higher (p?=?0.001) in neonates with respiratory distress (0.041?±?0.02?ng/ml) compared with controls(0.022?±?0.012). Infants with respiratory distress syndrome had the highest cTnT levels (0.043?±?0.022?ng/ml), while those with transient tachypnea had the lowest levels (0.036?±?0.017?ng/ml). Also, cTnT levels were significantly higher in neonates who required inotropic support when compared to those without inotropes. We did not find statistically significant differences between survivors and non-survivors.Conclusion
Cardiac troponin T is higher in neonates with respiratory distress compared to healthy infants. It could be used as a useful marker for myocardial dysfunction. 相似文献4.
Ehab M. Abdel-Raheem Fadia A.H. Mosallem Moustafa M. Abdel Raheem Awtef Mohamed Mohamed G. Malek 《The Gazette of the Egyptian Paediatric Association》2018,66(3):66-70
Background
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global health problem. Cirrhosis and end stage liver disease are considered main complications among adults and children. Egypt show higher level of anti HCV antibodies than other countries. The current study aimed at screening school children for the presence of HCV antibodies.Research design
A cross-sectional research design was used to achieve the aim of this study.Subject and methods
Two randomly selected schools at Minia district (one urban and one rural) were included in the study, 750 school students were included out of 862 with response rate 87%. A structured interviewing questionnaire that included demographic data and risk factors associated with HCV infection such as history of taking any injectable medications drug use, history of blood transfusion, history of hospital operation… etc. Thorough clinical examination andabdominal U/S were done for those who have history suggestive of hepatic illness. All volunteer participants were subjected to rapid HCV antibody test.Results
The mean age of the study sample was 15.18?±?1.95?years, regarding to results of advanced quality rapid HCV antibody test, only 0.7% of school students were positive anti HCV. Regarding relation between risk factors and percentage of anti HCV among school students, blood transfusion, sharing shaving instruments and tooth brush are statistically significant (p?=?0.029, 0.031, 0.002 respectively).Conclusion
The study concluded that the percentage of school students (aged 12–18) years old who are probably infected with HCV was 0.7% (5 out of 750) in Minia district. 相似文献5.
Aklilu Endalamaw Eshetu Haileselassie Engeda Daniale Tekelia Ekubagewargies Getaneh Mulualem Belay Mekuriaw Alemayehu Tefera 《Italian journal of pediatrics》2018,44(1):141
Background
Different primary studies in Ethiopia showed the burden of low birth weight. However, variation among those studies was seen. This study was aimed to estimate the national prevalence and associated factors of low birth weight in Ethiopia.Methods
PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar were searched. A funnel plot and Egger’s regression test were used to see publication bias. I-squared statistic was applied to check heterogeneity of studies. A weighted inverse variance random-effects model was applied to estimate the national prevalence and the effect size of associated factors. The subgroup analysis was conducted by region, study design, and year of publication.Result
A total of 30 studies with 55,085 participants were used for prevalence estimation. The pooled prevalence of LBW was 17.3% (95% CI: 14.1–20.4). Maternal age?<?20?years (AOR?=?1.7; 95% CI:1.5–2.0), pregnancy interval?<?24?months (AOR?=?2.8; 95%CI: 1.4–4.2), BMI?<?18.5?kg/m2 (AOR?=?5.6; 95% CI: 1.7–9.4), and gestational age?<?37?weeks at birth (AOR?=?6.4; 95% CI: 2.5–10.3) were identified factors of LBW.Conclusions
The prevalence of low birth weight in Ethiopia remains high. This review may help policy-makers and program officers to design low birth weight preventive interventions.6.
Ahmed A. Khattab Muhammad S. El-Mekkawy Amira M. Shehata Nermeen A. Whdan 《The Gazette of the Egyptian Paediatric Association》2018,66(2):43-48
Background
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is an important childhood killer. Excessive production of cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), might be associated with severe disease course but pediatric data is limited.Aim
To assess value of IL-6 in predicting CAP severity in children.Methods
A prospective study conducted on 73 children hospitalized for CAP and 15 healthy controls. Pneumonia severity was evaluated according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification, Respiratory Index of Severity Score (RISC), Predisposition, Insult, Response, Organ dysfunction modified (PIROm score), and Pediatric Respiratory Severity Score (PRESS). Serum IL-6 was measured within 24?h of admission. The primary outcome was occurrence of any pneumonia complications or death within 30?days.Results
IL-6 was significantly higher among patients compared with controls. Unlike CRP, IL-6 was significantly higher among children with severe pneumonia as determined by WHO, PRESS, and RISC (p?=?0.001 for all). IL-6 was significantly higher among children with PICU admission, mechanical ventilation, shock (p?=?0.001 for all), hypoxia (p?<?0.001), and lobar consolidation (p?=?0.042). IL-6 had positive correlations with PRESS (rs=0.8, P?<?0.001), RISC (rs=0.6, p?<?0.001), and PIROm (rs=0.59, p?<?0.001) while a negative correlation was found with Oxygen saturation [r?=??0.61, p?=?0.001]. IL-6 was not significantly correlated with CRP. Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (ROC) analysis revealed large area under the curve (AUC) of IL-6 for prediction of severe pneumonia as classified by WHO, PRESS, and RISC (AUC?=?0.95, 0.94, and 0.89 respectively).Conclusion
IL-6 appears to be valuable for assessment of CAP severity in children compared with conventional biomarkers. 相似文献7.
Nihal El Rifai Hanan Alwakeel Hala Shaaban Mohamed Abdelfattah 《The Gazette of the Egyptian Paediatric Association》2018,66(4):121-124
Objective
Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of death for the Pediatric age group under five years worldwide. The role of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the risk and outcome of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has been studied in different ethnic populations and yielded inconsistent results. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate whether this polymorphism is associated with the risk and outcome of CAP in the Egyptian pediatric population.Methods
The prospective observational case-control study was performed on 77 children aged 2?months to 12yrs hospitalized with CAP and 73 matched healthy controls. Candidates were subjected to clinical and radiological evaluation in addition to complete blood count, c-reactive protein and genotyping for the ACE I/D polymorphism using PCR technique. Follow up of the outcome in the form of need for oxygen, ICU admission, need for mechanical ventilation, duration of hospital stay and death was done for all patients.Results
No statistically significant differences was observed between pneumonia patients and controls regarding the different genotypes of the ACE polymorphism II, ID and DD genotypes (p?=?0.773). No association was detected between the different genotypes of the ACE polymorphism II, ID and DD genotypes and the need for oxygen, ICU admission, need for mechanical ventilation, duration of hospital stay and death (P?=?0.143, 0.527, 0.716, 0.288, 0.544).Conclusion
The ACE I/D polymorphism is not associated with the risk nor the outcome of pneumonia in our pediatric population. 相似文献8.
Wesam A. Mokhtar Amal Fawzy Reem M. Allam Nahla Zidan Mona S. Hamed 《The Gazette of the Egyptian Paediatric Association》2018,66(4):115-120
Background
Caffeine citrate is the methyl-xanthine of choice used in controlling apnea of prematurity (AOP). Caffeine central effect is mediated via non-selective (A1) and selective (A2a) adenosine receptors antagonism. Variability in caffeine response had been frequently noticed in AOP, suggesting underlying genetic predisposition.Aim of the study
We evaluated the role of adenosine receptor A1 [ADORA1] and adenosine receptor A2a [ADORA2a] gene polymorphisms in the variability of caffeine response among Egyptian preemies with AOP.Patient and methods
In this case-control study, 43 preterm neonates with AOP were eligible as cases and 43 preterm babies free from apnea were taken as controls. Preterm neonates with AOP were further divided according to response to caffeine treatment into caffeine responder (n?=?18) and caffeine non-responders (n?=?25). ADORA1 [716?T?>?G] and ADORA2a [1976C?>?T] gene polymorphisms were genotyped by mean of PCR-based RFLP-assay.Results
There were significant increase in frequency distribution of ADORA2a [1976C?>?T] CT (62.7% vs 23.3%), TT (14% vs 4.7%) genotypes and T allele (34.3% vs 16.3%) in cases compared to controls with significant increased risk of AOP development with OR (95%CI); P-value of 8.37(3.03–23.1), P?=?0.000; 9.3(1.61–53.61), P?=?0.005 and 4.27(2.09–8.70), P?=?0.000 respectively. Further, caffeine non-responders were associated with significant increase frequency of ADORA2a CT (80% vs 38.9%) and TT (16% vs 11.1%) genotypes and T allele (56% vs 30.6%) with OR (95%CI) and P-value of 21.38 (2.31–197.8), P?=?0.001; 18 (1.24–260.9); P?=?0.005 and 2.89(1.17–7.13), P?=?0.019 respectively, when compared to caffeine responders. Patients with AOP who had ADORA2a CT and TT genotypes were associated with significant increase in duration of hospital stay and poor outcome. Genotype distribution frequency of studied polymorphisms did not deviate from Hardy Weinberg (HW) equilibrium among controls.Conclusion
ADORA2a [1976C?>?T] polymorphism has a significant role in AOP development and variation in caffeine response among preterm babies. 相似文献9.
Objective
To determine the feasibility and effectiveness of text messages as an educational tool to reduce the prevalence of nonurgent emergency department (ED) visits among a population with high levels of low health literacy.Methods
This prospective, randomized experiment conducted in a large, urban, academic pediatric primary care practice enrolled 231 caregivers of infants into 2 groups: enhanced standard of care materials at well-child visits through 6 months (n?=?99 completing), and enhanced standard of care and 4 text messages a week through 6 months (n?=?108 completing). Use of the ED and visit urgency were compared between groups via chart review at 1 year of age.Results
Of the 230 included in the analysis, 84.2% (n?=?194 of 230) were racial or ethnic minorities, 69.7% (n?=?142 of 204) reported yearly incomes of less than $20,000 per year, and 70.4% (n?=?142 of 204) were identified as having likely or probable limited health literacy. Participants who received text messages had fewer visits to the ED in their first year (2.14 visits in the control group to 1.47 visits in the intervention group who received text messages; P?<?.05).Conclusions
Sending educational text messages to caregivers is effective in reducing the number of visits to the ED. Given the accessibility and small expense of sending text messages, these findings have direct implications on the cost of health care, in addition to improving continuity and quality of care for pediatric patients. 相似文献10.
Siyum Obsa Ragea Dabsu Eyasu Ejeta 《The Gazette of the Egyptian Paediatric Association》2018,66(3):61-65
Background
Mother to Child Transmission of HIV (MTCTH) is a major public health challenge in Ethiopia. Monitoring and evaluation of the rate of HIV transmission among infants born to HIV positive mothers is the major indicator to understand the performance of a national HIV control program. However, this is not well documented in Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.Method
A retrospective study was conducted in 43 health facilities at three Administrative Zones of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia from November 2014 to January 2015. Medical records of HIV-exposed infants and their mothers enrolled between June 2012 and October 2014 in the study institutions was extracted using data extraction format. Rate of MTCTH and factors associate was computed using SPSS version 20.0 software.Result
A total of 492 HIV-exposed infants having HIV DNA/PCR test result were included in the study. The overall prevalence of HIV among HIV exposed infants was 7.70%. Infant failure to receive nevirapine (NVP) prophylaxis at birth(AOR?=?18.110, 95% CI:5.177, 63.352), whose mothers received Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) treatment for less than 4?weeks (AOR?=?4.196, 95% CI:1.40, 12.57), did not receive co-trimoxazole preventive therapy (AOR?=?7.772, 95% CI: 2.547, 23.72), and on mixed feeding (AOR?=?2.3, 95% CI: 1.167, 4.539) had an increased odds of HIV infection comparing to their counterpart among infants born to HIV infected mothers.Conclusion
The risk of HIV infection among infants born to HIV infected mothers was high in the study area. Hence, strengthening the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) management activities that would trace the identified factors shall be recommended to reduce risk of HIV infection among infants born to HIV infected mothers. 相似文献11.
Dylan P. Cliff Steven J. Howard Jenny S. Radesky Jade McNeill Stewart A. Vella 《Academic pediatrics》2018,18(7):813-819
Objective
To investigate: 1) prospective associations between media exposure (television viewing, computers, and electronic games) at 2 years and self-regulation at 4 and 6 years, and 2) bidirectional associations between media exposure and self-regulation at 4 and 6 years. We hypothesized that media exposure and self-regulation would show a negative prospective association and subsequent bidirectional inverse associations.Methods
Data from the nationally-representative Longitudinal Study of Australian Children when children were aged 2 years (n?=?2786) and 4/6 years (n?=?3527) were used. Primary caregivers reported children's weekly electronic media exposure. A composite measure of self-regulation was computed from caregiver-, teacher-, and observer-report data. Associations were examined using linear regression and cross-lagged panel models, accounting for covariates.Results
Lower television viewing and total media exposure at 2 years were associated with higher self-regulation at 4 years (both β = ?0.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], ?0.03 to ?0.01). Lower self-regulation at 4 years was also significantly associated with higher television viewing (β = ?0.15; 95% CI, ?0.21 to ?0.08), electronic game use (β = ?0.05; 95% CI, ?0.09 to ?0.01), and total media exposure (β = ?0.19; 95% CI, ?0.29 to ?0.09) at 6 years. However, media exposure at 4 years was not associated with self-regulation at 6 years.Conclusions
Although media exposure duration at 2 years was associated with later self-regulation, and self-regulation at 4 years was associated with later media exposure, associations were of small magnitude. More research is needed to examine content quality, social context, and mobile media use and child self-regulation. 相似文献12.
13.
Deborah Mattheus Maureen Shannon Krupa Gandhi Eunjung Lim 《Journal of pediatric health care》2018,32(4):356-362
Introduction
The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between oral health educational activities of NPs and their current oral health knowledge and practices.Method
An online survey was distributed to practicing NPs and members of the NAPNAP organization.Results
The study results from n = 147 NPs indicated an association between oral health CE attendance and knowledge on the age to initiate fluoride toothpaste, age for an initial dental visit, as well as NPs comfort in educating about oral hygiene, diets to reduce caries, bacterial transmission and caries development, in addition to the NPs comfort in performing a risk assessment, oral exam, and identifying decay and other oral pathology compared to NPs that had not attended a CE course.Discussion
The study findings demonstrate the importance of CE courses for NPs on the latest oral health guidelines and practices beyond their traditional academic education, in order to improve oral health outcomes among children. 相似文献14.
Benjamin T. Kopp Alice Hinton Rong Lu Sarah Cooper Haikady Nagaraja Mary Ellen Wewers 《Academic pediatrics》2018,18(8):920-927
Objectives
Secondhand smoke exposure in children is changing as a result of new public policy and electronic nicotine products (e-cigarettes). We examined factors related to self-imposed indoor household tobacco restrictions, with emphasis on children in the household and associations with combustible and noncombustible product use.Methods
A cross-sectional survey of urban and rural Ohio adult tobacco users classified participants as exclusive combustible users, smokeless tobacco (SLT) users, e-cigarette users, or dual users. They were further stratified according to combustible or noncombustible product use and the presence of indoor tobacco use restrictions. Multiple logistic regression determined factors associated with indoor tobacco restrictions.Results
A total of 1210 tobacco users participated, including 25.7% with children living in the home. Half allowed combustible and two thirds allowed noncombustible tobacco use indoors. Urban location (odds ratio [OR]?=?1.58), younger age (OR?=?0.88 per 5 year), male sex (OR?=?1.40), college education (OR?=?1.40), household income?of more than $15,000 (OR?=?1.78), and being married (OR?=?2.43) were associated with a higher likelihood of banning combustible products indoors. SLT (OR?=?8.12) and e-cigarette (OR?=?5.85) users were more likely to have indoor bans compared to combustible users. Children in the household (OR?=?1.89), older age (OR?=?1.12 per 5 years), and nonwhite race (OR?=?1.68) were associated with a higher likelihood of banning noncombustible products indoors. Combustible (OR?=?4.54) and e-cigarette (OR?=?3.04) users were more likely than SLT users to have indoor bans.Conclusions
Indoor restrictions on tobacco use remain infrequent in homes with children and are associated with user type and socioeconomic factors. Public policy should target modifiable risk factors for in-home secondhand smoke exposure. 相似文献15.
Cynthia DeLago Brittany Dickens Etienne Phipps Andrew Paoletti Magdalena Kazmierczak Matilde Irigoyen 《Academic pediatrics》2018,18(5):516-524
Objective
Individual well care (IWC) is the standard delivery model for well-child care in the United States. Alternative models, such as group well care (GWC), may create opportunities to enhance care for babies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate parents' perceptions of social/wellness benefits and system challenges of IWC and GWC.Methods
Since 2014, we have provided both IWC and GWC at an urban academic practice serving a low-income minority community. We conducted a mixed method study involving surveys and 18 focus groups (11 IWC groups, n?=?32 parents; 7 GWC groups, n?=?33 parents). Parents completed surveys before convening focus group discussions. Survey results were analyzed using independent t tests; focus groups were digitally recorded, transcribed, and analyzed to identify themes.Results
Both groups had similar demographics: parents were mostly female (91%) and black (>80%); about half had incomes?<?$20,000. Parents' mean age was 27 years; children's mean age was 11 months. There were no significant differences in overall scores measuring trust in physicians, parent empowerment, or stress. IWC parents' themes highlighted ways to improve care delivery, while GWC parents highlighted both satisfaction with care delivery and social/wellness benefits. GWC parents strongly endorsed this model and reported unique benefits, such as garnering social support and learning from other parents.Conclusions
Parents receiving both models of care identified ways to improve primary care delivery. Given some of the benefits reported by GWC parents, this model may provide the means to enhance resilience in parents and children in low-income communities. 相似文献16.
Nayera E. Hassan Sahar A. El-Masry Salwa R. El Batrawy Aya Khalil Manal M. Ali Muhammad Al Tohamy Maha Abo Hashish 《The Gazette of the Egyptian Paediatric Association》2018,66(1):9-14
Background and aim
Breast feeding (BF); as risk factor for/or protective against childhood overweight/obesity; remains matter of debate. This study assesses relationship between BF duration, and development of overweight/obesity among Egyptian children, with respect for wide range of potentially confounding variables.Subjects and methods
Cross sectional-retrospective study included 154 children of both sexes; aged 6–18?years. Data was collected about child birth weight, breast feeding duration, and start of weaning, family size, parental ages, education, occupation and place of residence. Anthropometric measurements and body composition were conducted. Children were classified into 3 age groups (6–9, 9.1–12 and 12.1–18?years) and 4 groups according to BF duration (Never BF, BF for 6, 7–12, and more than 12?months).Results
Children who never BF were12.8%, while those BF for more than 12?months were 59.7%. Start of weaning was more common at 5–6?months of age (58.4%). Overweight/Obesity was detected among 30.5% of children. It was more prominent among children who BF for more than 12?months in ages 6–12?years (64.3% and 71.4%), while in those aged 12–18?years it was equivalent in those never BF (33.3%) and who BF for more than 12?months (38.9%). BF duration had insignificant correlations with parental education or occupation, or with any of the child's anthropometric measurements.Conclusion
Childhood overweight/obesity were less prominent among children who Bf for <12?months; However, there was no effect of breast feeding duration on any of the child anthropometric measures. 相似文献17.
Gihan M. Bebars Bothina A. Kamel Emad Allam 《The Gazette of the Egyptian Paediatric Association》2018,66(4):96-99
Background
Lower concentrations of selenium and glutathione peroxidase activities have been reported in pregnant women. An exposure to a high oxygen concentration at birth, an infection, inflammation, and a deficient antioxidant system make the newborn more susceptible to oxidative stress that can result in bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, persistent ductus arteriosus, necrotizing enterocolitis, intracranial hemorrhage, and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, especially in extremely low-birth-weight infants.Aim
The current study aimed at the detection and comparison of maternal serum and neonatal umbilical cord selenium levels.Methods
A prospective study on 80 mothers and their healthy neonates (40 full term and 40 preterm) enrolled over the period from June to December 2016. Selenium concentrations were measured in the maternal serum and umbilical cord using a spectrophotometer.Results
A significantly higher mean selenium level was detected in term neonates than preterm neonates (P?=?0.015) with no gender difference but the difference in selenium concentration between their mothers was not significant. No significant relations found between maternal serum selenium levels and maternal age, weight, height, BMI or pregnancy weeks. The maternal serum selenium was positively correlated with the cord selenium in full-term group (r?=?0.59 & P?=?0.006). Significantly positive correlations between umbilical cord selenium levels in both full-term and preterm neonates with their gestational age and birth weight.Conclusion
This study indicated that cord Se concentration was different in term and preterm neonates being higher in full terms, so we recommend selenium supplementation to preterm neonates and their mothers to avoid sequelae of selenium deficiency on their health and to reach the levels obtained in full term neonates. 相似文献18.
Janet S. Dufek Nancy A. Ryan-Wenger Jeffrey D. Eggleston Kyle C. Mefferd 《Journal of pediatric health care》2018,32(2):e59-e66
Introduction
Pediatric patient falls with head-to-floor impact have the greatest potential for injury.Methods
An objective measure of head injury severity, the Head Injury Criterion (HIC15), was calculated from anthropometric and biomechanical components of patient falls. A secondary aim was to compare HIC15 levels with the hospital's subjective assignment of level of harm (1-9 scale) used for regulatory reports.Results
Adverse event reports yielded a sample of 49 falls from heights of 72.5 to 1793.0?cm by children ages 11 months through 17 years. Contact velocity from beginning to end was 2.81 to 6.16?ms. Mean acceleration was 19.5 to 95.3g. HIC15 levels of impact ranged from 26.4 to 1,330.0, and mean force upon contact was 2.0 to 9.8 N/kg body mass. Seven (14.3%) children's HIC15 levels exceeded age-specific thresholds, with no follow-up scheduled. Hospital-assigned levels of harm were not correlated with HIC15 levels (r = .23, R2 = .05, p = .12).Discussion
A point-of-care computerized HIC15 algorithm would be useful for diagnostic and follow-up decisions. 相似文献19.
Introduction
Recurrent wheezing is one of the leading causes of chronic illness in childhood. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of Human Rhinovirus (HRV) infection in the acute attack of wheezy chest which began after a respiratory illness.Methodology
The study was conducted on 200 children aged 2?months to 5?years presenting to the emergency department with an acute wheezy episode either for the first time or recurrent wheeze defined as?>2 reports of wheezing in the first 3?years of life. All subjects were subjected to a complete history and clinical examination. Chest X-ray was done to all subjects. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were obtained from all subjects and the presence of HRV was determined by PCR examination.Results
By PCR method, 163 patients (81.5%) were positive for viral infection. Due to viral co-infection, 49.5% (99 cases) were?+ve for Respiratory Syncytial virus followed by HRV 43.5% (87 cases).Conclusion
HRV was the second common viral infection in children with wheezes. Its prevalence was more in winter with higher incidence of recurrence. Compared to the other respiratory viruses, it had the higher mortality 43.7%. 相似文献20.