共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Robert D. Cannon Gillian A. Beauchamp Paige Roth Jennifer Stephens David B. Burmeister David M. Richardson Alanna M. Balbi Tennessee D. Park Stephen W. Dusza Marna Rayl Greenberg 《Clinical therapeutics》2018,40(2):197-203
Purpose
Substance use and misuse is prevalent in emergency department (ED) populations. While the prevalence of substance use and misuse is reported, sex-specific trends in ED populations have not been documented. We set out to determine the sex-specific prevalence of ED patient substance use during this current epidemic.Methods
A retrospective electronic data abstraction tool, developed for quality-improvement purposes, was used to assess ED visits in 3 hospitals in northeastern Pennsylvania. All patients with ED diagnosis codes for substance use F10.000 through F 19.999 (excluding F17 codes for nicotine) were abstracted for network ED visits at all 3 hospitals. Data points included ED clinical enrollment site, primary substance used, sex, date of ED visit, disposition (including left without being seen, left against medical advice, discharged, admitted, and treatment in rehabilitation) for 18 months (January 1, 2016 through July 31, 2017). The categorical parameters of sex, clinical enrollment site, diagnosis, date of ED visit, and disposition status were summarized as a proportion of the subject group. Time series analysis was used to assess trends in substance use and misuse visits by patient sex.Findings
A total of 10,511 patients presented to the EDs during the study time period with a final diagnosis of a substance use?related reason and were included in the analysis. The mean age for these patients was 43.6 (SD 16.4) years, and the majority was male (65.6%, n = 6900). The most common substance in the final diagnosis for the ED visit was alcohol (54.3%; 95% CI, 53.3–55.2), followed by opioids (19.2%; 95% CI, 18.4–19.9) and cannabis (14.4%; 95% CI, 13.7–15.0). Females tended to be younger than males (42.4 years vs 44.3 years; P < 0.001), and were more likely to be discharged after the ED visit than males (36.1% vs 32.3%; P < 0.001). When exploring differences in age by sex and substance, males with a final diagnosis including alcohol- and cannabis-related issues were older than females, whereas females diagnosed with opioid-related reasons were older than males (41.3 vs 38.9 years; P < 0.001).Implications
There are sex-specific differences in prevalence of patients presenting with substance use in the ED setting. 相似文献2.
Rahul P. Patel Jilson Jacob Mohammed Sedeeq Long Chiau Ming Troy Wanandy Syed Tabish R. Zaidi Gregory M. Peterson 《Clinical therapeutics》2018,40(4):664-667
Purpose
The aim was to investigate the stability of cefazolin in elastomeric infusion devices.Methods
Elastomeric devices (Infusor LV) that contain cefazolin (3 g/240 mL and 6 g/240 mL) were prepared and stored at 4°C for 72 hours and then at 35°C for 12 hours, followed by 25°C for 12 hours. An aliquot was withdrawn at predefined time points and analyzed for the concentration of cefazolin. Samples were also assessed for changes in pH, solution color, and particle content.Findings
Cefazolin retained acceptable chemical and physical stability over the studied storage period and conditions.Implications
These findings will allow the administration of cefazolin by the Infusor LV elastomeric device in the outpatient and remote settings. 相似文献3.
4.
Danielle Quesada Nasar U. Ahmed Kristopher P. Fennie Erica L. Gollub Boubakari Ibrahimou 《Archives of Psychiatric Nursing》2018,32(3):495-504
In the past few years we have become increasingly aware of strong associations between obesity and ADHD. Both conditions are major public health issues, affecting children, adolescents and adults alike.
Objective
This review seeks to (1) examine prior research on the association between ADHD and obesity in children and adolescents; (2) discuss mechanisms and consequent behavioral attributes to gain understanding of the path association between ADHD and obesity, (3) review studies examining the role of physical activity, medication, eating behavior and gender on the relationship between ADHD and obesity in children and adolescents.Method
PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO databases were used to search for studies whose subjects were children and adolescents, ages 0–17?years and whose publication years were from 2000 to 2016. After screening 31 studies were included in the review.Results
The literature suggests that there is a significant association between ADHD and obesity. Further, the inattentive and impulsive behaviors that characterize ADHD could contribute to dis-regulated eating behaviors and a lack of motivation to engage in physical activity. In addition, it is proposed that medication, gender and physical activity play a role in mediating and moderating the relationship between ADHD and obesity. 相似文献5.
Demetrius A. Abshire Janessa M. Graves Mary Lee Roberts Janet Katz Celestina Barbosa-Leiker Cynthia F. Corbett 《Nursing outlook》2018,66(1):84-93.e3
Background
Factors that contribute to student success in accelerated degree nursing programs are poorly understood and may vary by gender.Purpose
Examine associations between satisfaction with peer and mentor support, gender, and academic outcomes among students in accelerated degree nursing programs.Methods
We used data (demographic variables, satisfaction with peer and mentor support, graduation, and attempts of National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses) from the American Association of Colleges of Nursing and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's New Career in Nursing Program. Multivariable mixed effects regression models were used to examine associations among gender, satisfaction with support, and academic outcomes.Findings
Males had an increased probability of reporting high satisfaction with peer support. Both males and females who were very dissatisfied with peer support were less likely to graduate than students who were very satisfied with peer support. Gender did not moderate the relationships between satisfaction with peer and mentor support and academic outcomes.Conclusion
Peer support is an important aspect of graduation among students in accelerated degree nursing programs. Continuous quality improvement strategies to improve student peer support may be warranted. 相似文献6.
Background
Nurses’ modifiable lifestyles have important health-related consequences.Purpose
To examine the literature on U.S. hospital nurses’ activity, diet, and health outcomes of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks and health-related quality of life (HRQOL).Method
A systematic review using of the literature from June 2006 to June 2016 resulted in 13 studies on U.S. hospital nurses’ diet, physical activity and CVD and HRQOL outcomes. Methodological rigor was assessed using Cummings et al., adapted quality rating tool.Discussion
Nurses are at risk for poor health outcomes due to inadequate physical activity (60%–74%) and eating a poor quality diet (53%–61%). Fewer than 5% of U.S. nurses engage in five healthy lifestyle behaviors (diet, activity, no tobacco, alcohol, and weight). Adequate physical activity contributes to better HRQOL and a healthy diet reduces CVD risks (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, stroke).Conclusions
Nurses’ inactivity and poor diet increases risks for CVD and diminished HRQOL. 相似文献7.
Ana Carolina G. Zanetti Tais Milena Pantaleão de Souza Larissa de Souza Tressoldi João Mazzoncini de Azevedo-Marques Gabriel Elias Corrêa-Oliveira Amanda Heloisa Santana da Silva Isabela dos Santos Martin Kelly Graziani Giacchero Vedana Lucilene Cardoso Sueli Aparecida Frari Galera Edilaine Cristina da Silva Gherardi-Donato 《Archives of Psychiatric Nursing》2018,32(3):390-395
BACKGROUND
Evidence suggests that expressed emotion (EE) and family burden (FB) are phenomena that interact, but there is a lack of studies that analyze this association in patients in first-episode psychosis.AIM
This study evaluated the relationship between EE and FB in relatives of patients in first-episode psychosis.METHOD
A convenience sample of 71 family members of patients being assisted in an outpatient care unit participated in the study. We used a form with sociodemographic and clinical variables of family members and patients, the Family Questionnaire-Brazilian Portuguese Version and the Brazilian version of the Burden Interview. The data were obtained via semi-structured interviews. Statistical analyses included Fisher's exact tests, Mann Whitney tests, Spearman correlations, and Student's t-tests.RESULTS
Our results showed high levels of EE and its component emotional over-involvement (EOI) among relatives, and a strong correlation between critical comments (CC) and EOI and FB measurements. In addition, family members with elevated EE levels showed higher means for FB and this difference was significant.CONCLUSIONS
Mental health nurses are expected to consider these concepts for proposing nursing interventions to first-episode psychosis patients and their relatives. 相似文献8.
Christine T. Kovner Maja Djukic Jin Jun Jason Fletcher Farida K. Fatehi Carol S. Brewer 《Nursing outlook》2018,66(2):160-167
Background
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, The Future of Nursing, included recommendations to increase nurse diversity, the percent of nurses obtaining a bachelor’s degree, and inter-professional education.Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to report the progress toward achievement of these recommendations.Methods
We used a longitudinal, multi-state data from four cohorts of nurses newly licensed in 2004 to 2005, 2007 to 2008, 2010 to 2011, and 2014 to 2015 to examine and compare the trends.Finding
The percentage of males who became licensed increased, from 8.8% in 2004 to 2005 cohort to 13.6% in the 2014 to 2015 cohort. The percentage of white-non-Hispanic nurses who were licensed decreased from 78.9% in 2007 to 2008 to 73.8% in 2014 to 2015. These differences primarily reflect an increase in white-Hispanic nurses. More nurses are obtaining a bachelor’s degree as their first professional degree, from 36.6% in 2004 to 2005 cohort to 48.5% in 2014 to 2015 cohort. About 40% of the 2014 to 2015 cohort reported that they learned to work in inter-professional teams. Collegial nurse-physician relations had an upward positive trajectory over time increasing almost 7%.Discussion
The diversity and education of new nurses have increased, but are short of meeting the IOM recommendations. 相似文献9.
Hong Jun Zeng Gui Ying Zhou Hui Hong Yan Xiu Hong Yang Hui Min Jin 《Archives of Psychiatric Nursing》2018,32(6):896-900
Objective
This study summarized the cases of Chinese nurses' suicide during 2007–2016.Methods
We reviewed public reports on local media, and medical websites.Result
A total of 46 cases of nurse suicide reported or published from 2007 to 2016. In these 46 cases, the proportion of female suicide is 98%. Most cases of suicide occurred in nurses aged 18–50?years. The most common way of suicide was jump from building. Nurse suicide occurred more often in full-service tertiary hospitals.Conclusion
The Chinese Government and medical organization should be aware of severity of suicide, and take action to be avoided of more suicide in Chinese nurses. 相似文献10.
Objective
Stress is one of the responses experienced by families with child victims of sexual violence. The purpose of this study was to explore in depth the stress experienced by families dealing with child victims of sexual violence.Method
This qualitative study employed the phenomenology approach. A purposive sample of six families participated in the study. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's method.Results
This study discussed the experience of family with children who are victims of sexual violence. This study generated the following 5 themes: 1) sexual violence and the subsequent behavior changes in children as a source of family stress; 2) Family stress as a response to changes in the family process; 3) social support as sources of the family's strengths; 4) spiritual activities for coping with stress, and 5) parenting changes as a family learning and evaluation.Conclusions
Results suggested the development of the School Mental Health Unit to help families, and the community, identify and prevent sexual violence. In addition, the School Mental Health Unit would be a useful source for students who experience sexual violence to function well at school. 相似文献11.
Melissa Alves Cirelli Marianna Sobral Lacerda Camila Takao Lopes Juliana de Lima Lopes Alba Lucia Bottura Leite de Barros 《Archives of Psychiatric Nursing》2018,32(2):235-241
AimTo describe and investigate correlations among anxiety, stress and depression and identify their relationship with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with heart failure.
Methods
This is an analytical cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected, along with levels of anxiety, stress and depression from 309 outpatients.Results
The mean levels of stress, anxiety and depression were correlated but low. Time since diagnosis, the disease's functional class, family income, and smoking influenced stress. Functional class and Chagas disease influenced anxiety and depression. Being unemployed and smoking influenced anxiety, while being a homeowner influenced depression.Conclusion
These findings should be considered when planning nursing interventions. 相似文献12.
Giancarlo Cicolini Carlo Della Pelle Valentina Simonetti Dania Comparcini Gianna Sepede Francesco Cipollone 《Archives of Psychiatric Nursing》2018,32(2):305-309
Purpose
To investigate the role of psychiatric dimensions, behavioral or substance addictions and demographical variables as determinants of pathological gambling among nursing students.Design
Multicenter cross-sectional study.Methods
From June to October 2015 a survey was carried out among Italian Nursing students. Data were collected using a six-section tool.Findings
Nursing students who completed the survey numbered 1083, 902 (83.3%) had some problems with gambling and 29 (2.7%) showed pathological gambling. Percentage of pathological gambling was significantly associate with illicit drug/alcohol use (65.5%; p = 0.001) and with male gender (58.6%) comparing to student nurse with non-pathological gambling (20%) and those with some problem (24.2%). Significant main effect was observed for IAT score (Beta = 0.119, t = 3.28, p = 0.001): higher IAT scores were associated with higher SOGS scores.Conclusions
Italian nursing students have some problems with gambling and pathological gambling problem, and males are those who have more problems. Results might be useful for faculties of health professionals to identify students at risk in an early stage, to direct prevention tailored interventions.Clinical relevance
Nursing faculties should be aware of the prevalence of Gambling among students.Prevention interventions should be planned to minimize the risk of gambling behavior in the future nurses' health care workers. 相似文献13.
Ulla A. Botha Marise Coetzee Liezl Koen Dana J.H. Niehaus 《Archives of Psychiatric Nursing》2018,32(3):384-389
Introduction
Pressure on inpatient beds often results in premature discharges, which may precipitate early readmission. This has prompted an increased interest in transitional care interventions to bridge the gap between in- and outpatient care to reduce such readmissions. Our study aimed to assess the effect of a Transitional Care Service (TCS) on readmission rates in a high pressure inpatient service which utilizes a premature discharge policy to address bed pressures.Methods
Sixty male patients identified for crisis discharge were offered a TCS for the first ninety days after discharge. Patients received a structured intervention consisting of four phone calls and one home visit, focusing on maintaining adherence, appointment reminders and psychoeducation. The TCS patients were retrospectively compared to a matched control group in terms of readmission after 90 days. Data was collected on adherence to medication, attendance of appointments and incidence of substance use.Results
There was no significant difference in readmission rates. Prevalence of substance use was very high (90%), especially methamphetamine use (48%). Adherence dropped from 45% (n = 27) at one week post-discharge to 25% (n = 15) at 90 days.Conclusion
Structured telephone-based transitional interventions have no effect on readmission rates in this setting. Prematurely discharged patients require more comprehensive support with focus on comorbid substance use. 相似文献14.
Objective
There are many adolescent health problems in Indonesia, particularly problems related to reproductive health. If adolescent reproductive health is not given adequate attention, this can lead to other adolescent health problems. Aside from parents, school staff also plays an important role in overcoming this health concern because educational staff is closer to adolescents than their parents. Teachers and friends can act as a resource for adolescents, providing them with reproductive health information. Therefore, the knowledge level of those at school, such as teachers and peer, about adolescent reproductive health is important. This research aims to determine the effects of adolescent reproductive health training on teacher and peer knowledge.Method
This research used an experimental design. A purposive sampling technique was used to recruit 26 students and 24 teachers, and a pretest and posttest were administered to one group without control group and then analyzed by Wilcoxon test.Results
The results showed that health training had a significant effect on teacher and peer knowledge with P < α (0.05).Conclusions
It can be concluded that training on adolescent reproductive health for teachers and peers can be implemented at every school to increase their knowledge and skills and to prevent unsafety adolescent sexual behavior. 相似文献15.
16.
Kelvin J. Murray Tom Molyneux Michael R. Le Grande Aurora Castro Mendez Franz K. Fuss Michael F. Azari 《Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics》2017,40(5):320-329
Objective
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between mild leg length discrepancy (LLD) and degenerative joint disease (DJD) or osteoarthritis.Methods
We evaluated standard postural lumbopelvic radiographs from 255 adults (121 women and 134 men) who had presented with spinal pain for chiropractic care. Symmetry of femoral head diameters was used to exclude magnification errors. Pearson’s partial correlation was used to control for age and derive effect sizes for LLD on DJD in the hip and lower lumbar motion segments. Krippendorff’s α was used for intraobserver and interobserver reliability.Results
A strong correlation was found between LLD and hip DJD in men (r = 0.532) and women (r = 0.246). We also found a strong correlation between LLD and DJD at the L5-S1 motion segment in men (r = 0.395) and women (r = 0.246). At the L4-5 spinal level this correlation was much attenuated in men (r = 0.229) and women (r = 0.166).Conclusions
These findings suggest an association between LLD and hip and lumbar DJD. Cause–effect relationships between mild LLD and DJD deserve to be properly evaluated in future longitudinal cohort studies. 相似文献17.
María Elena Pileño Javier Morillo Andrea Morillo Marta Losa-Iglesias 《Archives of Psychiatric Nursing》2018,32(2):206-214
Background
Health care institutions include workers who must operate in accordance with the requirements of the position, even though there are psychosocial influences that can affect the stability of the worker.Aims
To analyze the organizational culture of the team of professionals who work in the mental health network.Method
A qualitative methodology was used to assess a sample of 55 mental health professionals who have been practicing for at least 5 years.Results
“Team” was the overall topic. The subtopics within “Team” were: getting along in the unit, getting along with the patient, personal resources for dealing with patients, adaptive resources of team members and, resources that the team uses in their group activities.Conclusion
It was observed that the team does not work with a common objective and needs an accepted leader to manage the group. The definition and acceptance of roles can result in conflict. By increasing the skill level of each worker, the multidisciplinary team would be more collaborative. 相似文献18.
Ji-Seon Park Eun-Hyun Lee No-Rye Park Young Hwa Choi 《Archives of Psychiatric Nursing》2018,32(1):2-6
BACKGROUND
During an epidemic of a novel infectious disease, many healthcare workers suffer from mental health problems.OBJECTIVES
The aims of this study were to test the following hypotheses: stigma and hardiness exert both direct effects on mental health and also indirect (mediated) effects on mental health through stress in nurses working at a government-designated hospital during a Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) epidemic.METHODS
A total of 187 participants were recruited using a convenience sampling method. The direct and indirect effects related to the study hypotheses were computed using a series of ordinary least-squares regressions and 95% bootstrap confidence intervals with 10,000 bootstrap resamples from the data.DISCUSSIONS
The influences of stigma and hardiness on mental health were partially mediated through stress in nurses working at a hospital during a MERS-CoV epidemic. Their mental health was influenced more by direct effects than by indirect effects. 相似文献19.
Di Zhang Jun Zhang Quan Gan Qiaoling Wang Nian Fan Rong Zhang Yayun Song 《Archives of Psychiatric Nursing》2018,32(1):57-61
Background
Perinatal posttraumatic stress disorder (PPTSD) is a common stress-induced mental disorder worldwide. The Perinatal Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Questionnaire (PPQ) is an excellent questionnaire that measures the symptoms of PPTSD, but has not been translated into Chinese yet.Objectives
The aims of this study were to develop a translated Chinese version of the (PPQ) and validate the psychometric characteristics of the PPQ in a Chinese context.Methods
After translation, back-translation, and expert discussion, 280 mothers at 1 to 18 months postpartum filled out the questionnaires through the Internet. Then the reliability and validity of the translated questionnaire were tested.Results
The Chinese version of PPQ (PPQ-C) was composed of 14 items. Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.84, test-retest reliability was 0.88, and the content validity was 0.99. Exploratory factor analysis extracted three factors (representing “arousal”, “avoidance” and “intrusion”) accounted for 53.30% of the variance. The established 3 factors model was well fitted with the collected data (χ2 = 76.40, p < 0.05).Implications for practice
The PPQ-C is a short, reliable, and valid instrument that measures the symptoms of PPTSD, and it is recommend for clinical screening.Implications for research
Further research could involve diverse participants, as well as better adapt the PPQ-C to Chinese culture. 相似文献20.
Leila Ghamkhar Amir H. Kahlaee Mohammad R. Nourbakhsh Amena Ahmadi Amir M. Arab 《Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics》2018,41(2):129-136