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1.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether cerivastatin (BAYw6228), a new potent 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, was able to prevent atherogenesis in heterozygous Watanabe heritable-hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits, a model never tested before using this HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. The heterozygous WHHL rabbits of our breeding developed mild hypercholesterolemia along with focal atherosclerotic lesions in the thoracic aorta. A 9-week treatment with cerivastatin at doses comparable to those used in humans (50 microg/kg/day) reduced serum total cholesterol levels (from 94.4 +/- 10.9 to 43.6 +/- 10.5 mg/dl, p < 0.005) and prevented aortic lesion development (intima/media ratio: 0.058 +/- 0.032 vs 0.946 +/- 0.282 in the placebo group, p < 0.0005). Using a panel of monoclonal antibodies specific to macrophages and able to recognize different smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotypes, we observed that cerivastatin treatment affected the differentiation properties of SMCs and drastically reduced SMC and macrophage accumulation in the intima of the thoracic aorta. These data show that in the presence of moderate atherosclerotic lesions, such as those of heterozygous WHHL rabbits, low doses of cerivastatin exert an antiatherogenic effect. 相似文献
2.
Baetta R Camera M Comparato C Altana C Ezekowitz MD Tremoli E 《Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology》2002,22(4):692-698
The expression of tissue factor (TF), mainly by infiltrated inflammatory cells, has been shown to be responsible for the thrombogenicity associated with atheroma. The contribution of the nonlipid-related effects of statins to the clinical benefits of statin therapy is currently under intense investigation. In this study, we evaluated the ability of fluvastatin to modulate TF expression and macrophage accumulation in rabbit carotid intimal lesions independently of cholesterol lowering. Male rabbits were fed for 30 days a 1% cholesterol-rich diet with or without fluvastatin at 5 mg/kg per day. Two weeks from the start of treatment, a silastic collar was placed around the carotid artery. Fifteen days later, the animals were killed, and carotid segments were excised and processed. The atherogenic diet caused a consistent increase in plasma cholesterol levels (610+/-231 mg/dL versus 50+/-9 mg/dL at baseline), which were not affected by fluvastatin (603+/-248 mg/dL). In the rabbits fed a high cholesterol diet without fluvastatin, an intimal lesion with macrophage accumulation and TF expression was detected. Fluvastatin significantly reduced TF and macrophage content of the lesion (-50% for both). Results indicate that fluvastatin may attenuate the inflammatory and thrombogenic potential of atherosclerotic lesions through a mechanism(s) other than cholesterol reduction, providing new insight regarding the complex mode of action of statins. 相似文献
3.
4.
E Stein J Isaacsohn R Stoltz A Mazzu M C Liu C Lane A H Heller 《The American journal of cardiology》1999,83(10):1433-1436
Cerivastatin is a third generation hydroxy-methyl-glutaryl-Co-enzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor proven to lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol 28% to 31% in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia when given at 0.3 mg/day. This study evaluates the safety, tolerability, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of cerivastatin 0.8 mg once daily for 4 weeks. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel group trial conducted at 2 study centers, 41 patients (63% women) with primary hypercholesterolemia were placed on an American Heart Association Step 1 diet for 4 weeks. Single-blind placebo was administered for the final 2 weeks, before randomization. Patients received cerivastatin 0.8 mg (n = 28) or placebo (n = 13) once each evening for 28 days. Cerivastatin at 0.8 mg daily was well tolerated. No discontinuations occurred during the study. Adverse events were mild and transient. One cerivastatin-treated patient experienced asymptomatic creatinine kinase, 8x the upper limit of normal (ULN) elevation on the last day of the study, which resolved 6 days after the completion of the study. Cerivastatin 0.8 mg daily significantly reduced LDL cholesterol compared with placebo (-44.0 +/- 2.0% vs 2.2 +/- 2.8%, p <0.0001); total cholesterol (-30.8 +/- 1.4% vs 2.6 +/- 2.1%, p <0.0001), triglycerides (-11.2 +/- 5.9% vs 15.9 +/- 8.6%, p <0.02), but did not significantly alter high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (3.2 +/- 2.1% vs -1.2 +/- 3.1%, p = NS). The pharmacokinetics of the 0.8-mg dose revealed dose proportional elevations in the 24-hour area under the curve and maximum plasma concentration relative to 0.3- and 0.4-mg doses with no change in time to maximum concentration or the elimination half-life in plasma. The increased efficacy and lack of clinically significant laboratory abnormalities or adverse events demonstrates a need for a large long-term study to confirm the safety and efficacy of this dose of cerivastatin. 相似文献
5.
Yuji Yasunobu Kozo Hayashi Tetsuji Shingu Katsuhiko Nomura Yoshifumi Ohkura Kouichi Tanaka Yoshio Kuga Syu-ichi Nomura Harumi Ohtani Takaharu Nishimura Hideo Matsuura Goro Kajiyama 《Cardiovascular drugs and therapy / sponsored by the International Society of Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy》1997,11(4):567-574
The effects of cerivastatin sodium (BAY w 6228), a new type of inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA)
reductase, on plasma cholesterol concentrations and the induction of hepatic LDL receptors were investigated with beagle dogs
and Hep G2 cells. Oral administration of cerivastatin (0.01, 0.03, and 0.1 mg/kg per day) for 3 weeks reduced plasma total
and very low-density lipoprotein plus low-density lipoprotein (VLDL + LDL) cholesterol concentrations and increased hepatic
LDL receptor binding activity in dogs. Scatchard plot analysis revealed a 1.9-fold increase in the maximum binding capacity
of hepatic LDL receptors in cerivastatin-treated animals. Similar results were obtained by administration of pravastatin (1.0
and 5.0 mg/kg/day) for 3 weeks. Binding activity of the LDL receptor, as well as receptor mRNA and protein concentrations,
were increased in a dose-dependent manner (0.01–1.0 μM) by exposure of Hep G2 cells to cerivastatin. The results suggest that
cerivastatin reduces plasma cholesterol concentrations by increasing hepatic LDL receptor expression. The mechanism of lowering
cholesterol concentration by cerivastatin was the same as with the other previously examined HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors,
but the effects with cerivastatin were apparent at doses much lower than the effective doses of the other drugs. Cerivastatin,
therefore, shows potential for clinical use as a potent and efficacious plasma cholesterol-lowering drug.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
6.
HMG-CoA reductase inhibition improves endothelial cell function and inhibits smooth muscle cell proliferation in human saphenous veins 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Yang Z Kozai T van der Loo B Viswambharan H Lachat M Turina MI Malinski T Lüscher TF van de Loo B 《Journal of the American College of Cardiology》2000,36(5):1691-1697
OBJECTIVES: This study examined effects of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor cerivastatin on human saphenous vein (SV), endothelial cells (EC) and smooth muscle cells (SMC). BACKGROUND: Venous bypass graft failure involves EC dysfunction and SMC proliferation. Substances that improve EC function and inhibit SMC proliferation would be of clinical relevance. METHODS: Both EC and SMC were isolated from SV. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and nitric oxide (NO) production were analyzed by immunoblotting and porphyrinic microsensor. The SMC proliferation was assayed by 3H-thymidine incorporation. Protein kinases and cell cycle regulators were analyzed by immunoblotting. RESULTS: Cerivastatin (10(-9) to 10(-6) mol/liter) enhanced eNOS protein expression and NO release (about two-fold) in EC in response to Ca2+ ionophore (10(-6) mol/liter). This was fully abrogated by the HMG-CoA product mevanolate (2 x 10(-4) mol/liter). In SMC, platelet-derived growth factor (5 ng/ml) enhanced 3H-thymidine incorporation (298 +/- 23%, n = 4), activated cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk2), phosphorylated Rb and down-regulated p27Kip1 (but not p21CiP1). Cerivastatin reduced the 3H-thymidine incorporation (164 +/- 11%, p < 0.01), inhibited Cdk2 activation and Rb phosphorylation, but did not prevent p27Kip1 down-regulation, nor p42mapk and p70S6K activation. Mevalonate abrogated the effects of cerivastatin on Cdk2 and Rb but only partially rescued the 3H-thymidine incorporation (from 164 +/- 11% to 211 +/- 13%, n = 4, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In humans, SVEC inhibition of HMG-CoA/mevalonate pathway contributes to the enhanced eNOS expression and NO release by cerivastatin, whereas in SMC, inhibition of this pathway only partially explains cerivastatin-induced cell growth arrest. Inhibition of mechanisms other than p42mapk and p70S6K or Cdk2 are also involved. These effects of cerivastatin could be important in treating venous bypass graft disease. 相似文献
7.
目的研究C-反应蛋白(CRP)对巨噬细胞分泌基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)的影响。方法以不同浓度的CRP和/或50μg/ml氧化的低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)处理THP-1巨噬细胞,应用明胶酶谱法测定细胞培养上清液中MMP-2、MMP-9、MMP-1的活性。结果THP-1巨噬细胞在基础状态下分泌MMP-2、MMP-9、MMP-1,CRP抑制其分泌,以MMP-2为例,CRP抑制MMP-2的酶原(0.82±0.051,与空白对照组比较P<0.01)和其活性形式(0.61±0.030,与空白对照组比较P<0.01)。ox-LDL诱导MMPs的分泌,但这种作用被同时存在的CRP所抑制(0.56±0.098,与ox-LDL组比较P<0.01)。结论CRP抑制活化的巨噬细胞分泌MMPs,并抑制ox-LDL对MMPs的诱导作用。 相似文献
8.
Preventive effect of cerivastatin on diabetic nephropathy through suppression of glomerular macrophage recruitment in a rat model 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: We investigated the effect of cerivastatin, a statin, on the development of diabetic nephropathy in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. METHODS: Diabetic SHR were given standard chow or chow containing cerivastatin at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg or 1.0 mg/kg for 12 weeks. Effects of cerivastatin on urinary albumin excretion, mesangial expansion, glomerular macrophage infiltration, and the number of anionic sites on the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) were assessed. RESULTS: Cerivastatin did not affect the blood glucose concentration, blood pressure or serum cholesterol concentration in diabetic SHR. However, cerivastatin treatment caused a dose-dependent decrease of albuminuria and hyperfiltration. At 1.0 mg/kg, cerivastatin inhibited the diabetes-induced expansion of mesangial and tuft areas on histological examination of the kidneys, as well as the loss of anionic sites from the GBM evaluated with polyetyleneimine and the intraglomerular infiltration of ED1-positive macrophages evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Whole-kidney expression of mRNA for MCP-1 and TGF-beta, estimated by the real-time quantitative RT-PCR, was increased (both 2.6-fold) in untreated diabetic SHR at 12 weeks. Cerivastatin treatment (1.0 mg/kg) inhibited the up-regulated expression of MCP-1 and TGF-beta mRNA (decreased to 48% and 34%, respectively) in diabetic SHR. CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: In this hypertensive model of diabetic nephropathy, cerivastatin decreased albuminuria through suppression of glomerular hyperfiltration, mesangial expansion, and the loss of charge barrier independently of a cholesterol-lowering effect. These preventive effects could be at least partly due to inhibition of macrophage recruitment and activation, and inhibition of TGF-beta overexpression. 相似文献
9.
Yamazaki H Suzuki M Aoki T Morikawa S Maejima T Sato F Sawanobori K Kitahara M Kodama T Saito Y 《Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis》2006,13(6):295-307
Although statins are prescribed as relatively safe and effective drugs for hypercholesterolemic patients, it has been reported that a significant side effect, myopathy, occurs infrequently during medication. Moreover, because statins decrease cardiac ubiquinone levels, the risk of cardiac dysfunction has been suggested. This study sought to evaluate and compare the cytotoxicity of statins (cerivastatin, pitavastatin, fluvastatin, simvastatin, atorvastatin and pravastatin) in cultured human skeletal muscle cells (HSkMCs) and the effects on ubiquinone levels in statin-treated rat skeletal muscle and heart. Cerivastatin, the most potent inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, showed the strongest cytotoxicity (over 10-fold) among the statins examined, while the effects of the others were in a similar range. In rat experiments, neither pitavastatin nor cerivastatin decreased ubiquinone levels in skeletal muscle, but both dose-dependently lowered ubiquinone levels in the heart. As the rates of reduction by pitavastatin (9.6% at 30 mg/kg) and cerivastatin (9.7% at 0.3 mg/kg) were almost equal, it was estimated that cerivastatin reduced ubiquinone levels in the rat heart approximately 100-fold more strongly than pitavastatin, based on the effective doses. We found that cerivastatin showed the most potent cytotoxicity in HSkMCs and strongly lowered ubiquinone levels in the rat heart. 相似文献
10.
Vincent L Soria C Mirshahi F Opolon P Mishal Z Vannier JP Soria J Hong L 《Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology》2002,22(4):623-629
Cerivastatin is an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase. It inhibits the biosynthesis of cholesterol and its precursors: farnesyl pyrophosphate and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), which are involved in Ras and RhoA cell signaling, respectively. Statins induce greater protection against vascular risk than that expected by cholesterol reduction. Therefore, cerivastatin could protect plaque against rupture, an important cause of ischemic events. In this study, the effect of cerivastatin was tested on angiogenesis because it participates in plaque progression and plaque destabilization. Cerivastatin inhibits in vitro the microvascular endothelial cell proliferation induced by growth factors, whereas it has no effect on unstimulated cells. This growth arrest occurs at the G(1)/S phase and is related to the increase of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(Waf1/Cip1). These effects are reversed by GGPP, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of cerivastatin is related to RhoA inactivation. This mechanism was confirmed by RhoA delocalization from cell membrane to cytoplasm and actin fiber depolymerization, which are also prevented by GGPP. It was also shown that RhoA-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation is mediated by the inhibition of focal adhesion kinase and Akt activations. Moreover, cerivastatin inhibits in vivo angiogenesis in matrigel and chick chorioallantoic membrane models. These results demonstrate the antiangiogenic activity of statins and suggest that it may contribute to their therapeutic benefits in the progression and acute manifestations of atherosclerosis. 相似文献
11.
Atherosclerotic arterial remodeling and the localization of macrophages and matrix metalloproteases 1, 2 and 9 in the human coronary artery 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
Pasterkamp G Schoneveld AH Hijnen DJ de Kleijn DP Teepen H van der Wal AC Borst C 《Atherosclerosis》2000,150(2):838-253
Atherosclerotic luminal narrowing is determined by plaque mass and the mode of geometrical remodeling. Recently, we reported that the type of atherosclerotic remodeling is associated with the presence of histological markers for plaque vulnerability. Inflammation and matrix degrading proteases (MMPs) may play a role in both plaque vulnerability and in expansive arterial remodeling. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between the remodeling mode and the localization of macrophages and MMPs in coronary atherosclerotic segments. From 36 atherosclerotic coronary arteries, 45 and 51 segments were selected with a vessel area that was >10% smaller and larger compared with the adjacent segments, respectively. No significant difference in staining for macrophages was observed between segments with expansive and constrictive remodeling. More MMP-2 and MMP-9 staining was observed in plaques of expansively remodeled segments compared with constrictively remodeled segments. In general, MMP-staining was less evident in the adventitial layer compared with the plaque. Zymography revealed more active MMP-2 in expansively remodeled segments compared with constrictively remodeled segments (340±319 vs. 199±181 (adjusted counts/mm2), respectively, P=0.019). Zymography did not show differences in inactive MMP-2 or MMP-9 among groups. It might be postulated that MMPs within the plaque play a causal role not only in plaque vulnerability but also in de novo atherosclerotic remodeling. 相似文献
12.
H Scharnagl K Winkler S Mantz M W Baumstark H Wieland W M?rz 《Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes》2004,112(5):269-277
OBJECTIVE: While 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors effectively decrease LDL cholesterol, it remains controversial whether these agents also lower dense LDL, which are considered particularly atherogenic. METHODS: We examined the effects of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor cerivastatin on lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins in 69 patients with elevated fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, or type 2 diabetes, combined hyperlipoproteinemia and increased concentrations of dense LDL (apo B in LDL-5 plus LDL-6 > 25 mg/dl). The study was a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group comparison of cerivastatin at 0.4 mg daily for 12 weeks (n = 34) and placebo (n = 35). RESULTS: Cerivastatin significantly reduced cholesterol (- 20 %, p < 0.001), IDL cholesterol - 37 %, p < 0.001), LDL cholesterol (- 26 %, p < 0.001), apolipoprotein B (- 25 %, p < 0.001), triglycerides (- 12 %, p < 0.05), and raised HDL cholesterol (+ 7.5 %, p < 0.05) and apolipoprotein AI (+ 7.2 %, p < 0.05). Cerivastatin signficantly lowered apolipoprotein B in all LDL subfractions (- 21 to - 28 %, p < 0.05). Absolute changes were greatest in dense LDL and the change in dense LDL made the largest contribution to the change of total LDL. The change of dense LDL was highly correlated with baseline values. There was no consistent relationship between the effect of cerivastatin on triglycerides and the decrease of dense LDL. CONCLUSIONS: The HMG CoA reductase inhibitor cerivastatin lowers total and LDL cholesterol and the concentration of dense LDL in patients with elevated fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes. 相似文献
13.
In vivo temperature heterogeneity is associated with plaque regions of increased MMP-9 activity. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Rob Krams Stefan Verheye Luc C A van Damme Dennie Tempel Babak Mousavi Gourabi Eric Boersma Mark M Kockx Michiel W M Knaapen Chaylendra Strijder Glenn van Langenhove Gerard Pasterkamp Anton F W van der Steen Patrick W Serruys 《European heart journal》2005,26(20):2200-2205
AIMS: Plaque rupture has been associated with a high matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity. Recently, regional temperature variations have been observed in atherosclerotic plaques in vivo and ascribed to the presence of macrophages. As macrophages are a major source of MMPs, we examined whether regional temperature changes are related to local MMP activity and macrophage accumulation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Plaques were experimentally induced in rabbit (n=11) aortas, and at the day of sacrifice, a pull-back was performed with a thermography catheter. Hot (n=10), cold (n=10), and reference (n=11) regions were dissected and analysed for smooth muscle cell (SMC), lipids (L), collagen (COL), and macrophage (MPhi) cell densities (%); a vulnerability index (VI) was calculated as VI=MPhi+L/(SMC+COL). In addition, accumulation and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were determined with zymography. Ten hot regions were identified with an average temperature of 0.40+/-0.03 degrees C (P<0.05 vs. reference) and 10 cold regions with 0.07+/-0.03 degrees C (P<0.05 vs. hot). In the hot regions, a higher macrophage density (173%), less SMC density (77%), and a higher VI (100%) were identified. In addition, MMP-9 (673%) activity was increased. A detailed regression analysis revealed that MMP-9 predicted hot regions better than macrophage accumulation alone. CONCLUSION: In vivo temperature measurements enable to detect plaques that contain more macrophages, less SMCs, and a higher MMP-9 activity. 相似文献
14.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of cerivastatin and fenofibrate on endothelium dependent and independent arterial dilation. DESIGN: In a prospective, double blind study, 38 overweight, nonsmoking, males aged between 40 and 60 years with combined hyperlipidaemia were randomized and, after 6 weeks run-in phase with American Heart Association step I diet treatment, submitted to 12 weeks' treatment either with fenofibrate (250 mg daily) or cerivastatin. Cerivastatin was given in a daily dose of 0.2 mg for 6 weeks and was increased to 0.4 mg daily, if the LDL-C did not decrease below 3.0 mmol x L(-1). Flow-mediated (endothelium-dependent) dilation (FMD) and nitroglycerin-induced (endothelium-independent) [gliceryltrinitrate (GTN)] dilation of brachial artery were measured using high resolution ultrasound. RESULTS: The FMD increased from 3.4 +/- 3.3 to 9.3 +/- 2.4% (P < 0.001) in the cerivastatin group, and from 3.3 +/- 2.8 to 6.5 +/- 3.1% (P < 0.001) in the fenofibrate group, the improvement being significantly better after cerivastatin (P=0.006). GTN increased from 11.5 +/- 4.1 to 16.2 +/- 3.5% (P < 0.01) and from 11.1 +/- 2.5 to 16.0 +/- 2.9% (P < 0.01), respectively, with no difference between the groups. Cerivastatin reduced total cholesterol by 24%, LDL-cholesterol by 31%, triglycerides by 24%, ox-LDL by 29% and increased HDL-cholesterol by 5%, whilst, after fenofibrate, these changes were -15, -13, -41, -17 and 18%, respectively. Only the decrease of LDL-C turned out to be an independent predictor the FMD improvement. The improvement in GTN-induced dilation did not correlate with the changes in blood lipids. CONCLUSIONS: Both cerivastatin and fenofibrate lead to an improvement of endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent dilation of brachial artery in overweight patients with combined hyperlipidaemia and no other atherosclerotic risk factors. The effects on FMD were greater in subjects receiving cerivastatin than in subjects receiving fenofibrate, but the effects on GTN were equal in both groups. 相似文献
15.
普伐他汀对培养巨噬细胞表达基质金属蛋白酶活性的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 探讨普伐他汀对基质金属蛋白酶 (matrixmetalloproteinases ,MMPs)活性的影响及其与粥样斑块稳定性的关系。方法 从SD大鼠腹腔取巨噬细胞体外培养 ,接种于 2 4孔板中 ,逐孔加入普伐他汀 ,终浓度分别为 10 - 3、10 - 4及 10 - 5mol L ,每种浓度 3孔 ,分别在 2 4、4 8及 72h收集上清液 ,未加药孔为空白对照 ,采用酶谱分析法测量上清液中MMPs的活性。结果 巨噬细胞上清液中有MMP 2及MMP 9的活性表达 ,以 2 4h时活性最强。普伐他汀可以降低其活性 ,随着浓度的增加 ,抑制作用越明显。结论 普伐他汀可以使巨噬细胞产生的MMPs活性降低 ,可能使纤维帽中胶原的降解减少 ,从而增加粥样斑块的稳定性 相似文献
16.
Divergent effects of matrix metalloproteinases 3, 7, 9, and 12 on atherosclerotic plaque stability in mouse brachiocephalic arteries 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
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Johnson JL George SJ Newby AC Jackson CL 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2005,102(43):15575-15580
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are thought to be involved in the growth, destabilization, and eventual rupture of atherosclerotic lesions. Using the mouse brachiocephalic artery model of plaque instability, we compared apolipoprotein E (apoE)/MMP-3, apoE/MMP-7, apoE/MMP-9, and apoE/MMP-12 double knockouts with their age-, strain-, and sex-matched apoE single knockout controls. Brachiocephalic artery plaques were significantly larger in apoE/MMP-3 and apoE/MMP-9 double knockouts than in controls. The number of buried fibrous layers was also significantly higher in the double knockouts, and both knockouts exhibited cellular compositional changes indicative of an unstable plaque phenotype. Conversely, lesion size and buried fibrous layers were reduced in apoE/MMP-12 double knockouts compared with controls, and double knockouts had increased smooth muscle cell and reduced macrophage content in the plaque, indicative of a stable plaque phenotype. ApoE/MMP-7 double knockout plaques contained significantly more smooth muscle cells than controls, but neither lesion size nor features of stability were altered in these animals. Hence, MMP-3 and MMP-9 appear normally to play protective roles, limiting plaque growth and promoting a stable plaque phenotype. MMP-12 supports lesion expansion and destabilization. MMP-7 has no effect on plaque growth or stability, although it is associated with reduced smooth muscle cell content in plaques. These data demonstrate that MMPs are directly involved in atherosclerotic plaque destabilization and clearly show that members of the MMP family have widely differing effects on atherogenesis. 相似文献
17.
Takagi A Tsurumi Y Ishizuka N Omori H Arai K Hagiwara N Kasanuki H 《Heart and vessels》2006,21(5):298-301
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) have been shown to improve the endothelial function by lowering lipids. Recent studies
also suggest a direct impact of statins on the vascular wall. We assessed the rapid effect of cerivastatin on the coronary
flow velocity reserve (CFVR) using transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTDE). The coronary flow velocity from the distal
left anterior descending artery was measured in 16 healthy subjects (all male, age 24–38 years) using a 5-MHz transducer,
on the day before, just before, and 3 h after administering 0.3 mg of cerivastatin. Hyperemia was achieved by the intravenous
administration of adenosine, and the CFVR was calculated as the radio of the mean diastolic hyperemic coronary flow velocity
to the basal flow velocity. The serum lipid profile and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured. The CFVR
following the single administration of cerivastatin increased from 2.93 ± 0.58 to 3.91 ± 0.86, P = 0.003, and was significantly higher than the CFVR measured at the same time on the previous day (3.91 ± 0.86 vs 3.37 ±
0.48, P = 0.009). Neither the serum lipid profile nor hsCRP exhibited a remarkable change after cerivastatin administration. We concluded
that a single-dose administration of cerivastatin, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, improves the coronary flow velocity reserve
without modifying the serum lipid profile. 相似文献
18.
目的通过体外实验探讨24-乙酰泽泻醇A对氧化型低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)诱导大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞脂代谢因子ATP结合盒转运体A1(ABCA1)、B族清道夫受体(CD36)和炎症因子细胞外基质金属蛋白酶诱导因子(CD147)、基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)蛋白表达的影响。方法分别采用50 mg/L ox-LDL和10 mg/L Dil-ox-LDL诱导巨噬细胞,10 mg/L 24-乙酰泽泻醇A进行干预。荧光显微镜观察细胞内Dil-ox-LDL蓄积情况;蛋白免疫印迹检测细胞ABCA1、CD36、CD147、MMP-9蛋白的表达。结果 10 mg/L Dil-ox-LDL诱导后大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞内有大量的Dil-ox-LDL蓄积,10 mg/L 24-乙酰泽泻醇A干预后,细胞内Dil-ox-LDL蓄积明显减轻。与对照组比较,50 mg/L ox-LDL诱导后大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞ABCA1、CD36和CD147、MMP-9蛋白表达明显增加,10 mg/L 24-乙酰泽泻醇A干预后,ABCA1蛋白表达进一步上升(P0.01),CD36、CD147和MMP-9蛋白表达被明显抑制(P0.05或P0.01)。结论 24-乙酰泽泻醇A上调巨噬细胞的脂代谢因子ABCA1和抑制CD36的表达,减少胆固醇蓄积,同时抑制炎症因子CD147和MMP-9的分泌。 相似文献
19.
肺间质纤维化大鼠肺组织基质金属蛋白酶的动态改变 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
进一步评价基质金属蛋白酶在肺间质纤维化形成过程中的作用。方法Wistar大鼠21只随机分为模型组14只,对照组7只,模型组在额镜直视下插管,注入0.4%博莱霉素注射液5mg/kg,制成动物模型。观察注射药物后1周和4周肺泡巨噬细胞和纤维细胞MMP的活性及表达。利用空斑扩散法,测定胶原酶活性。 相似文献
20.
Yamamoto T Takeda K Harada S Nakata T Azuma A Sasaki S Nakagawa M 《Atherosclerosis》2003,166(2):213-222
Little is known about the mechanism by which HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors affect inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. We investigated the effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor cerivastatin on iNOS expression in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Quiescent VSMCs were incubated with or without various concentrations of drugs as follows: cerivastatin, C3 exoenzyme or Y-27632. Then, pretreated VSMCs were stimulated by a vehicle or interleukin (IL)-1beta (10 ng/ml). Treatment of VSMCs with cerivastatin (10(-7)-10(-5) mol/l), which inhibits isoprenylation of Rho and other small G proteins, significantly increased nitrite/nitrate (NOx) production and upregulated the expression of iNOS mRNA in IL-1beta-stimulated VSMCs. This effect of cerivastatin was abolished by cotreatment with mevalonate (2x10(-4) mol/l) or geranylgeranyl-pyrophosphate (GGPP) (10(-5) mol/l), but not by farnesyl-pyrophosphate (10(-5) mol/l). Furthermore, C3 exoenzyme (50 microg/ml), an inactivator of Rho protein, and Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632 (10(-5) mol/l) also enhanced NOx production and the expression of iNOS mRNA in IL-1beta-stimulated VSMCs. Immunocytochemical study revealed that cerivastatin, C3 exoenzyme and Y-27632 did not affect the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB in IL-1beta-stimulated VSMCs. Our study suggests that cerivastatin stimulates iNOS expression in IL-1beta treated VSMCs by its inhibitory effect on Rho/Rho kinase pathway. In addition, this effect of cerivastatin, by enhancing iNOS expression, may contribute to the prevention of restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention and protect against atherothrombosis. 相似文献