盐酸二甲胺四环素软膏治疗牙周病的临床疗效观察

目的:采用不同疗程盐酸二甲胺四环素(派丽奥)辅助治疗慢性牙周炎并与牙周基础治疗作比较,旨在探讨用其治疗后不同阶段的疗效和最佳疗程.方法:用随机、单盲、自身对照的方法,以基础治疗为对照.将90名病人分成A、B、C3组,每组30人60个牙,每组中又分为实验组和对照组,各30个牙.A组为1个疗程组,B组为2个疗程组,C组为3个疗程组.观察基线、用药后1周、3个月、6个月的临床变化,A组延长观察至用药后9～12个月.记录治疗前后牙周探诊深度(PD)、附着丧失(AL)、菌斑指数(PLI)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)的改变并进行统计分析.结果:实验组与对照组比较:治疗后3组PD、AL各时段均有显著性差异(P＜0.01、P＜0.05),SBI、PLI在用药后1周、3个月均有显著性差异(P＜0.01),其余时间段均无显著性差异(P＞0.05),但除外A组PLI在用药6个月仍有显著性差异(P＜0.05).3组疗效经Ridit分析,C组实验组疗效最好.结论:牙周炎以机械洁、刮治为基础,派丽奥局部辅助用药能提高疗效,并能稳定长期疗效,其中实验C组的疗效最好.     

派丽奥软膏辅助治疗慢性牙周炎的临床疗效观察

目的：评价派丽奥软膏辅助治疗慢性牙周炎的疗效。方法：40例慢性牙周炎病例按就诊顺序随机分组,在牙周洁刮治疗基础上,以碘甘油辅助治疗为对照组,记录实验组和对照组在基线、用药后各时间点的临床指标PLI、SBI、PD、AL,并进行统计学处理。结果：实验组在用药后6个月内的PLI与对照组或基线比较均显著降低（P〈0.05）,但用药后9个月和12个月均无显著差异（P〉0.05）;实验组在用药后1～12个月的SBI、PD和AL与对照组或基线比较均显著降低（P〈0.05）,用药后12个月的SBI除外）。结论：在单疗程治疗后6个月内,派丽奥软膏辅助治疗慢性牙周炎的各项检测指标的改善均优于碘甘油。     

派丽奥软膏辅助治疗慢性牙周炎的疗效观察

目的:评价派丽奥软膏辅助治疗慢性牙周炎的疗效。方法:将48例患中重度慢性牙周炎的病人采用左右牙列自身对照的方法分别设立实验组和对照组,在严格仔细的刮治及根面平整后,实验组牙周袋内应用派丽奥软膏,对照组牙周袋内应用碘甘油液。分别记录病人在基线、3个月、6个月时牙周指数的变化并进行统计学分析。结果:牙周治疗3个月、6个月后,两组患牙的PLI、GI、BOP均无统计学差异(P>0.05),但PD和AL有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:牙周袋内应用派丽奥软膏辅助治疗慢性牙周炎能取得较好的疗效。     

派丽奥软膏辅助治疗慢性牙周炎的疗效观察

目的:评价派丽奥牙科用软膏治疗慢性牙周炎的临床效果。方法:用随机、单盲、自身对照的方法,以单纯基础治疗为对照,评价将派丽奥牙周袋内用药辅助治疗牙周炎的疗效。记录基线、用药后1周、4周及8周的菌斑指数(PLI)、牙龈指数(GI)和牙周探诊深度(PD)。对数据进行统计学处理,对于PLI、GI两组均值间的比较用Wilcoxon秩和检验,而PD各均值的比较采用t检验。结果:实验组和对照组在基线时各临床指标无显著性差异(P>0.05)。经龈下刮治及根面平整术后1周,实验组与对照组较基线PLI、GI、PD均有显著改善(P<0.01);辅助用药后,实验组较对照组PLI在用药后1周有显著差异,其余各观察时段PLI无显著差异(P>0.05)。GI2组间在用药后1周无显著性差异(P>0.05),但用药后4周及8周有显著差异(P<0.05)。PD在用药后1、4及8周均有显著差异(P<0.05及P<0.01)。结论:牙周炎治疗以机械的洁、刮治为基础,派丽奥局部辅助用药能够提高牙周炎治疗的效果。     

派丽奥与牙康治疗牙周炎的疗效比较

目的　比较派丽奥(2%盐酸米诺环素软膏)与牙康(甲硝唑棒)治疗牙周炎的临床疗效及对牙周可疑致病菌的清除作用。方法　选取11例慢性牙周炎患者的26颗牙周炎患牙为研究对象。患牙要求:①牙周袋探诊深度≥4 mm,且探诊后出血;②左右对称。26颗患牙随机分成实验组(派丽奥治疗组)13颗,对照组(牙康治疗组)13 颗。观察用药前及用药后7 d和14 d,患牙的牙周临床指标菌斑指数(PLI)、牙龈指数(GI)、探诊深度(PD)、探诊出血(BOP)的变化和龈下附着菌斑中螺旋体、球菌、杆菌的百分比,以及非附着菌斑中牙龈卟啉单胞菌、中间普氏菌、二氧化碳噬纤维菌等牙周可疑致病菌百分比的变化。结果　实验组和对照组患牙在用药前各项牙周临床指标和微生物学指标均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。用药后,两组患牙绝大部分牙周临床指标和微生物学指标均较用药前明显改善(P<0.05),但两组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论　派丽奥与牙康均是治疗牙周炎有效、安全的局部治疗药物,两者的疗效无显著性差异。     

局部应用派丽奥软膏辅助治疗牙周炎的临床效果评价

目的评价牙周局部应用派丽奥软膏辅助治疗牙周炎的临床效果。方法选择成人慢性牙周炎患者54例,采用随机单盲自身对照方法,以单纯牙周基础治疗为对照,实验组基础治疗后在牙周袋内置入派丽奥软膏,每周1次,共4次。观察基线、第5周、第9周时菌斑指数(PLI)、牙周袋探诊深度(PD)、牙周附着水平(AL)和龈沟出血指数(SBI)等指标。结果第5周、第9周2组临床指标均较基线时有明显改善(P<0.01),实验组改善优于对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论局部应用派丽奥软膏辅助治疗牙周炎,能有效地改善临床症状。     

高强纤维牙周夹板固定重度牙周炎松动牙的疗效评价

目的:评价高强纤维牙周夹板固定重度牙周炎松动牙的临床效果.方法:选取符合病例纳入标准的30例重度牙周炎患者的104颗患牙,按随机数字表法分成实验组(15例,58颗患牙)和对照组(15例,46颗患牙).实验组在基础治疗后,以高强纤维牙周夹板固定松动患牙;对照组在基础治疗后,以结扎丝牙周夹板固定松动患牙,经过3个月～1 a的临床观察,检查记录松动患牙的探诊深度(probing depth,PD)、附着丧失程度(attachment loss,AL),龈沟出血指数(sulcus bleeding index,SBI)和菌斑指数(plaque index,PLI)4项牙周指标,以及固定夹板的完好率.采用SPSS13.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析.结果:实验组固定6个月后,PD、AL较固定前显著改善(P＜0.05);SBI、PLI在固定3、6、12个月后,与固定前比较无显著差异.对照组固定6个月后,PD、AL较固定前显著改善(P＜0.05),SBI、PLI在固定6个月后高于固定前(P＜0.05).固定后3个月,牙周各项指标在2组间无显著差异(P＞0.05).固定6个月后,实验组与对照组的PD、AL无显著差异,对照组的SBI和PLI较实验组高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:高强纤维牙周夹板用于重度牙周炎松动牙固定疗效确切,对维持牙周健康有利,不妨碍菌斑控制.     

派丽奥治疗套筒冠修复后再发牙周炎的临床研究

目的评价派丽奥牙科用软膏局部应用治疗套筒冠修复后再发牙周炎的临床效果.方法用随机、单盲、自身对照的方法,以单纯基础治疗为对照.记录基线、用药后1周、4周及8周菌斑指数(PLI);牙龈指数(GI);龈沟出血指数(SBI);牙周探诊深度(PD).并进行数据分析.结果实验组较对照组PLI在用药后1周有显著差异;其余各观察时段PLI无显著差异(P＞0.05).而GI和SBI两组间在用药后1周无显著性差异(P＞0.05);但用药后4周及8周有差异(P＜0.05).PD在用药后1周两组间有差异(P＜0.05);在用药后4周及8周有显著差异(P＜0.01).结论派丽奥局部辅助用药能提高套筒冠修复后再发牙周炎的治疗效果.     

Superbond粘结系统作为牙周夹板对牙周组织影响的临床研究

目的:观察Superbond粘结系统作为牙周夹板固定重度牙周炎导致的松动前牙后对牙周组织的影响。方法:选择重度牙周炎导致的前牙松动病人64例,随机分为实验组(Superbond固定组)和对照组(钢丝结扎加树脂组),每组32例。牙周基础治疗后1个月牙周炎症得到控制,消除咬合创伤后固定。每3个月复查维护,观察12个月。比较固定前后所观察位点的牙周探诊深度(PD)、附着丧失(CAL)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)、菌斑指数(PLI)、牙龈指数(GI),并记录两种固定方法的美观性和舒适性。结果:实验组29例有效;对照组28例有效。实验组PD变浅(P<0.05),SBI、GI、PLI、AL固定后与固定前比较无显著性差异。对照组PD变浅(P<0.05)、SBI、PLI高于固定前(P<0.05),CAL、GI与固定之前比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。实验组美观性和舒适性调查满意度高于对照组。结论:在选择合适病例的前提下,Superbond粘结系统作为牙周夹板固定松动前牙美观、舒适,可提高咀嚼力,对牙周组织影响小,不妨碍菌斑控制。     

牙周-牙髓联合治疗重度牙周炎的疗效分析

目的:探索牙周-牙髓联合治疗对重度牙周炎患者的必要性。方法:收集2009年5月—2011年9月就诊于我院的重度牙周炎患者52例,随机分为A组和B组。A组患者给予牙周-牙髓联合治疗,B组患者给予单纯牙周治疗,分别记录2组患者在治疗前基线检查时、治疗后3个月、6个月、1 a、2 a的龈沟出血指数、探诊深度、附着水平,使用SPSS13.0软件包,采用t检验进行疗效分析。结果:治疗前基线检查时,A组与B组各观察指标的组间比较P>0.05,差异无显著性。治疗后3个月,A组与B组各观察指标的组间比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。治疗后6个月,A组与B组SBI有显著差异(P<0.05);PD、AL比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。治疗后1 a,A组与B组各观察指标的比较均有显著差异(P<0.05)。治疗后2 a,A组与B组SBI比较无显著差异(P>0.05);PD、AL比较有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:针对重度牙周炎患者进行牙周-牙髓联合治疗,远期疗效良好。     

Evidence of the validity of a model of determinants of quality of restorative dental care

A model describing the relationship between self-reported quality of restorative dentistry and dentist characteristics for 119 Montana general dentists is presented. The best predictors formed a significant model explaining 22% of the variance of the quality measure. Results are contrasted with a previous estimation of the model for 102 Washington general practitioners. Evidence for the external validity of the model is presented.     

Experimental evidence of formation of imines in the course of reduction of hydrazones

The reduction of hydrazones is generally suggested to proceed through a reductive cleavage of the nitrogen–nitrogen bond followed by a reduction of the carbon–nitrogen bond. This sequence of reduction processes is here supported for fluorenone (V) and benzophenone (VI) hydrazones as well as by a comparison of the reduction of fluorenone and benzophenone hydrazonium ions (I,III) with corresponding imines (II,IV). Another proof of the presence of imines as intermediates is the splitting of four-electron waves of hydrazones V and VI and hydrazonium ions I and VIII into two waves at pH < 2. This has been interpreted as due to differences in slopes dE_1/2/dpH and pK_a-values of protonated hydrazine derivatives on one side and corresponding imines on the other. In this pH-range imines formed in reductions of VI and VIII are reduced in a single two-electron wave, those of I and V in two one-electron steps. Fluorenone imine (II) is sufficiently stable to allow recording of time-independent current–voltage curves between pH 6 and 11. In this pH-range the imine (II) is reduced in two one-electron steps. Benzophenone imine (IV) has been found stable between pH 4.6 and 12. At pH 4.6–8 the reduction of the imine IV takes place in a single two-electron step, at pH 8–12 in two one-electron steps. Final proof of the initial cleavage of the N–N bond is presented by comparison with the reduction of nitrones.     

不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀溶解性比较研究

目的:研究、比较不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀的溶解性和表面微观形态改变,为临床使用提供依据.方法:将3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)及GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)分别在人工唾液中浸泡30 d,冷热循环15000次,烘干测重,比较前后质量变化,计算溶解率,并用扫描电镜观察表面微观改变.结果:不同剂型的玻璃离子水门汀溶解率由高到低分别为3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型).3种玻璃离子水门汀经浸泡溶解后,SEM扫描表面微观形态可观察到GE玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)表面形态改变较少,其他2组玻璃离子水门汀表面微观改变较多.结论:双糊剂型玻璃离子水门汀理化性能及溶解率均低于传统水粉剂型,是未来临床修复治疗的的良好选择.     

Design of clinical trials of traditional therapies of periodontitis

The present paper on the design of clinical trials of periodontal therapy first addresses the issue of the etiology of periodontal disease. It is suggested that most if not all forms of destructive periodontal disease are caused by microorganisms and that there are different forms of disease with different microbial etiologies. The progressive nature of destructive periodontal disease is subsequently discussed and it is emphasized that, in a given patient, periodontal sites which show signs of inflammation and attachment loss may not over a period of several months and years show further sign of attachment loss. The present methods of assessing periodontal disease do not allow us to discriminate between potentially active and inactive sites in untreated patients. The significance and variability of indicators of periodontal disease such as bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and probing attachment level measurements are discussed. The errors inherent in the various measurements are analyzed and suggestions are presented describing how alterations in any of the above parameters could be identified and presented in a clinical trial. Of concern for the statistical analysis of clinical data of periodontal disease is the definition of the "experimental unit". For a number of years, the "experimental unit" in periodontal trials was the patient. It is clear, however, that different sites within the same individual show different patterns of disease progression and lesion morphology and often respond differently to periodontal therapy. Statistical analyses must consequently be designed which recognize differences in site-to-site infection and lesion morphology within a common host. Until such analyses are available, the investigator should be wary of pooling data within the same individual, since such pooling may obscure meaningful alternatives which may take place in individual periodontal sites. Some goals of periodontal therapy are subsequently identified. 4 goals are discussed more in detail, namely: to establish conditions which will allow the patient to maintain a dentition without further breakdown of the periodontium; to reduce pocket depth to establish an anatomy in the dentogingival region which with proper maintainance care will prevent the re-establishment of the subgingival infection; to gain attachment as a result of treatment; to assess the effect of a certain chemotherapeutic agent on periodontal disease.     

Evaluation of efficacy of chemiluminescence for diagnosis of leukoplakia

ObjectiveLeukoplakia is the most common potentially malignant disorder preceding oral cancer. Chemiluminescence has been developed as an adjunct to conventional examination for the diagnosis of these potentially malignant disorders. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of chemiluminescence in the diagnosis of leukoplakia and to compare the results with histopathological examination.Study designA total of 50 patients with leukoplakia were included from the outpatients attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dental Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. These patients were subjected to conventional oral examination followed by chemiluminescent examination with Vizilite (Zila, Fort Collins, CO, USA) and biopsy for histopathological confirmation.ResultsThe sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of chemiluminescence were 93.75%, 55.56%, 78.95%, and 83.3%, respectively. The overall accuracy of chemiluminescence was 80%. A statistically significant association was observed between histopathology results and chemiluminescence results.ConclusionAlthough it is an easy, safe, minimal time consuming, and noninvasive technique, it has only adjunctive utility and it does not replace biopsy for the diagnosis of leukoplakia.     

颌骨动静脉畸形的栓塞治疗

目的：总结直接穿刺结合经血管内介入栓塞治疗颌骨动静脉静脉畸形的经验。方法：收治凳骨动静脉畸形患者6例,均进行了介入栓塞治疗。采用的栓塞材料为附凝血棉纤毛的螺圈,聚乙烯醇泡沫微粒和二氰基丙烯酸对丁酯。数字减影颈动脉造影在PHILIPSV300下完成。结果6例颌骨动静脉畸形患者中4,例急性出血得到了快速、有效控制,1例慢性渗血的右下 骨动静脉畸形患者,介入栓塞治疗,拔除松动的右下凳第一磨牙,有效地控制了出血,另1例伴局部软组织搏动性膨隆的上凳骨动静脉畸形患者,介入治疗后膨隆的搏动性得到明显改善,栓塞治疗后分别随访3－24个月,均未发现有口腔内渗血或出血。随访的X线片上,病灶区可见新骨形成。结论：局部穿刺结合经血管内介入栓塞治疗颌骨动静畸形是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。     

正畸患者切牙影像失真发生情况分析

目的研究正畸患者曲面体层片上的切牙影像失真发生情况，并分析其原因。 方法从中山大学附属口腔医院放射科影像数据库中选取500例正畸患者的曲面体层片和头影测量侧位片，所有曲面体层片均采用咬合杆投照，分别从切牙牙体影像放大、缩小、牙根变短、根尖模糊等评价指标分析上下颌切牙影像失真的发生情况，在头影测量侧位片上测量中切牙根尖-对颌切牙切缘的距离，探讨切牙影像失真发生的原因。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件对所得数据进行统计学检验。 结果500例患者中，切牙牙体影像正常者共417例，切牙牙体影像失真者共83例，影像失真发生率16.6%，其中切牙牙体影像放大17例、牙体影像缩小0例、牙根变短30例，牙根影像变短伴模糊36例。影像失真患者的根尖-切缘距离大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F = 5 187.18，P = 0）；影像失真患者的覆盖值大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F>477，P = 0）。 结论严重牙颌面畸形如反 、深覆盖是导致曲面体层片的切牙影像失真的主要原因之一。     

正常青年Monson球面半径的测量研究

目的测量正常青年Monson球面半径。方法选择60名(男30名,女30名)正常青年制取全口印模,应用立体摄影成像的原理与方法对Monson球面半径进行测量和统计学处理。结果Monson球面的半径平均为10.173 cm,大于理论值10.160 cm,差异有显著性(P<0.01);男、女性球面半径差异无显著性。结论本实验所得到的数据可作为全口义齿修复中记录颌位关系的一个参量。     

鼻测量法的进展

唇裂术后继发畸形是指唇裂修复术后,仍遗留或继发于手术操作和生长发育变化而表现出来的一类畸形[1]。包括唇畸形、鼻畸形和颌骨畸形。其修复较原发性唇裂修复更复杂,更灵活多变。而导致其修复复杂性的一个重要原因即是局部组织结构复杂变异和缺乏可靠的三维测量手段[2],鼻畸形